Stephen Tobin- Ch:2- Tobins & Driscolls in Tipperary

This chapter will explore the ancestry of Stephen Tobin and his wife Mary Driscoll in the Counties of Sth Tipperary and NE Cork. It will also look at Stephen Tobin's early life in Tipperary and his military career before emigrating to Australia.

Unnamed in family album but thought to be Stephen Tobin

Stephen Tobin’s Birth

(Birth and Marriage information on birth record of Stephen and Mary Tobin's son Herbert Patrick Tobin b. 2/6/1875- notably their stated ages were incorrect)

Stephen Tobin was born in 1825 at or near the small townland of Newcastle in southern Tipperary, Ireland, close to the Waterford and Cork borders.  In a statutory declaration dated 18 January 1894 (re his sister Ellen Koch’s estate[i]- see the full document at the end of this chapter) Stephen made a statement and presented a certificate showing that he was ‘baptised’ on 29 December 1825, to parents John Tobin and Elizabeth O’Brien. 

A baptism record (NLI Microfilm- page 84) for the Catholic Parish of Ardfinnan  has the baptism of (in Latin):

Stephen (fil=son of), father John Tobin, mother Eliza Brien, on the 29 December 1825’, sponsors William Plott and Ellen Long.[ii]

The various indexes for this record contain several mistakes due to the very poor quality of the record. Find My Past has the following, which shows mother's name as 'Elena'.

and Roots Ireland has the incorrect baptism date:

His death notice[iii] (Sydney Morning Herald Oct 26, 1904) stated he was ‘79 years 10 months’, which indicates a birth in December 1825. Stephen's obituary in the Freeman's Journal (Sat 5 Nov 1904 p.29) stated that he was "born at Ardfinnan County Tipperary", which confirms the above baptismal record.

Map of Tipperary Ireland 1878

Tobin homeland in Iffa and Offa West near Waterford Cork border (purple area)

Also Clonmel in Iffa and Offa East (yellow area)

Map of Iffa and Offa West in southern Co. Tipperary

Townlands mentioned in Tobin Family history:

Newcastle (1), Clogheen, Ballyporeen, Araglin, Ardfinnan, Clonmel

  Distances:

Newcastle (1)-Clogheen- 11km (<7ml)

Clogheen-Ballyporeen- 6 km (3 ½ ml)

Newcastle (1)-Ardfinnan- 5 km (<3ml)

Ballyporeen-Araglin- 6 km (3 ½ ml)

Newcastle (1)- Clonmel (direct)- 10 km (<6ml)
Ballyporeen- Clonmel- 30 km

However, there are two townlands named Newcastle in this small area of Co Tipperary. A smaller townland or farmland named Newcastle is situated just north of  the townland of Ballyporeen, and is also close to Skeheenaranky. This area was also associated with Tobins in the Griffiths Valuation and the Tithe Applotment Books which will be discussed further on. So Stephen may have been born in the Newcastle that is shown in the map below.  To distinguish the two townlands, I will refer to them as Newcastle (1) near Ardfinnan, and Newcastle (2) near Ballyporeen.

Ballyporeen, Newcastle (2), Skeheenaranky (NB. has various spellings), Coolagarranroe

Distances:
Ballyporeen- Newcastle (2)- 1km
Newcastle (2)- Skeheenaranky and Coolagarranroe- 5 km

An abandoned house in Newcastle (1) Tipperary

However, as Stephen was baptised in the Parish of Ardfinnan which is only 5 km from Newcastle (1), it would seem to indicate that his birthplace was near Newcastle (1). Catholic Church baptism records for Newcastle only began in 1846, whereas baptisms at Ardfinnan began in 1809. No baptismal records have yet been found for his siblings. It is also possible the family preferred the priest at the Parish of Ardfinnan to the parishes of Templetenny or Clogheen.

In the same Statutory Declaration, Stephen stated that the order of birth of his siblings were:

Mary, Catherine, Stephen, Ellen, William and John.

They were born between 1820 and before 1836 (estimated from information known about Stephen, Catherine and Ellen's ages in documents).

1. Mary Tobin- b.c.1820 Newcastle Tipperary; d. 22 Feb 1870 Dalby QLD (aged 50); m.1841 Clonmel to William Quirk, 6 issue born in Clonmel: Elizabeth b.c.1843, Michael b.c.1847 (died before mother), Alice b.c.1850 d.1898; William b.c.1849; Mary b..1853, John b.c.1855
2. Catherine Tobin- b.c.1822 Newcastle, Parish of Ardfinnan, Tipp.; d.1880 Nerang QLD; emigrated to NSW on Lascar arriv. 11 Nov 1841 (aged 18); married Timothy Guinea (b. Limerick) on 15/6/1845 at Wollongong NSW- 7 issue
3.Stephen Tobin 1825-1904 (see above); emig. NSW in 1857 ship unknown- 11 issue
4. Ellen Tobin- b.c.1831/32 Newcastle, Parish of Ardfinnan,Tipperary; d. 6 April 1878 Smithfield (Cairns) QLD; emigrated to Adelaide SA on Elgin arriv. 11 Sept 1849 (Earl Grey's Irish Orphan Emigration Scheme, aged 17); married 1. James Fahy (b. Scotland) on 13 June 1850 Adelaide; married 2. Henry C. Koch (b. USA) on 6 Dec 1854 Sydney- no issue
5. William Tobin- b.c.1833 Newcastle, Parish of Ardfinnan, Tipperary; d.c.1880 USA; emig. in the 1840's- issue unknown
6. John Tobin- b.c.1834 Newcastle, Tipp.; d. aft 1894, Tipperary; issue unknown

Stephen also stated that by 1894, only Stephen and his brother John remained alive.

Records suggest that Catherine was born c.1822/23 and Ellen in 1831/32. There is a six-year gap between Stephen and Ellen’s births which could suggest deaths of children at birth or miscarriages, or father John Tobin was away from home for a period of time.

In 1889, Stephen placed an advertisement in "Our World" newspapers (an Irish Immigrant Newspaper published in the USA (ref: newspaper articles on the Tipperary Genealogy website- www.igp-web.com/tipperary/newspapers- Our World newspapers contributed by Kate Hanley):
The Personals: In search of:
published in Irish Immigrant publications 1889
TOBIN- Information wanted of WILLIAM TOBIN, who was said to have died somewhere in the U.S. about 9 years ago (ie. c. 1880). He was a native of Tipperary, parish of Ardfunane, and left there in the early 1840's for the US. In the family there were three brothers, Stephen, William and John TOBIN. And three sisters, Mary Catherine and Ellen TOBIN. Father's name was John TOBIN, mother's Elizabeth TOBIN. Any information on any of the above mentioned relatives will be most thankfully received by his brother Stephen TOBIN, Mulgoa, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

This advertisement confirms that the family came from the Parish of Ardfinnan Tipperary and that his mother was named Elizabeth. Importantly it revealed that William emigrated to the USA, when he was very young and in his early teens. Whether he accompanied another family member is not known.
Looking at US immigration records, there were numerous Tobins by the name of William who arrived in the 1840's from Ireland, so finding him would be impossible. Presumably he married and left issue.

Stephen's sister Catherine Tobin emigrated to Australia in 1842 at the age of '18' (20) years, marrying quickly to Irishman Timothy Guinea and settling in Gerringong. 

Unnamed photo in family album, c.1860-1870, thought to be Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin (Left) and possibly either his wife Mary Driscoll or one of Catherine's daughters (eldest, Ellen b.1850). 

compare with known photo of Catherine Tobin below:

Their younger sister Ellen also emigrated to Australia, to Adelaide in 1849 at the age of 16 years as part of the Irish Orphan Emigration scheme, having been chosen from the girls in the Clonmel Workhouse. She married twice- James Fahey and Henry Koch- no issue (see chapters on these two girls, Catherine and Ellen, who led interesting lives.)

The eldest sister Mary Tobin b.c.1820 at Newcastle, married William Quirk in Clonmel (at the age of 21, ie.1841) and had 6 issue born Clonmel between 1843 and 1855. They emigrated to Australia in 1863 and settled in Dalby, where sister Ellen and husband Henry Koch were living. A newspaper article described William as a gunmaker in Dalby. 

Mary died in Dalby 22 February 1870. 

Her parents were named as John Tobin, and Mary McNamara (?). The 'McNamara' is probably a mistake by the contributor (unless mother Eliza remarried after her husband's death.) Curiously, her father is described as a 'stone mason', whereas the records below suggest he was a huxter in Dublin when he died in 1837.

Notably, one of the witnesses at the baptism of Mary's mother Mary Driscoll, was Ellena Quirk, and a David Quirk witnessed her brother Thomas Driscoll's baptism, both at Araglin, near the Cork border, so there are close links between the Tobin, Driscoll, White and Quirk families in this area.

(NB. this author has a DNA match (41cM in 2 segments) with a descendant of Mary Tobin's daughter Alice Quirk.)

Death certificate of Mary Quirk nee Tobin at Dalby, QLD:

Shipping record of the Quirk family to Queensland on the 'Warren Hastings' 1863:

(NB. Eldest daughter Elizabeth (named in mother's death cert.), aged 19, missing from list- may have travelled later, or was married- an Elizabeth aged 20 (b.c.1843) travelled on the same ship with her husband Daniel McLachlan 23 and an infant- could be her.) 

Note the given ages of both parents are incorrect when compared to Mary's death certificate- they may have given false ages to qualify for the free settlement scheme:

William Quirk aged 39= b.1824; Mary Quirk aged 38= b.1825 (compared with death cert. aged 50 in 1870); 

issue Michael aged 16= b.c.1847 d. bef 1870; William aged 14= b.c.1848/49; Alice aged 12= b.c.1851 (b. 6 July 1850 at Clonmel and died 17.8.1898 Toowoomba, according to desc. QLD BDM marr. has Alice Quirk m.16.11.1864 (aged 14) to Patrick Hallinan (b.1823 Co. Clare d.1910) -issue 10 between 1866 and 1886 ; Mary aged 9= b.c.1854; John aged 7, b.c.1856 (aged "about 12" in the 'Dalby Herald', 1 June 1867, court case re John stealing some goats).

The following baptism record may refer to Mary Tobin's husband William Quirk. 

Note his mother was Maria White (Mary Driscoll's mother was Mary White). 

However, there were many Quirks in this area and not all baptism records are still available.

In the Griffiths Valuation (c.1853), a Patrick and William Quirk were living in Coolagarranroe, just north of Ballyporeen, leasing land from The Irish Land Company- in 1852 John and James Brogden of Manchester and John Sadlier set up the Irish Land Company when they purchased some of the Galtee estate from the Earl of Kingston and in the Griffiths Val. they held six townlands in the Parish of Templetenny including Coolagarranroe, in the Barony of Iffa and Offa West.

And in the Tithe Applotment Books of 1823 and 1837, there were a Michael and James Quirk living at Coolagarranroe, and a Michael and John White. Whether these records are relevant is unknown. 

Coolagarranroe is adjacent to Skeheenaranky where several Tobins lived.

Map showing Coolagarranroe in relation to other places known to the family marked *

Nothing is known of youngest sibling John.

John and Eliza Tobin

The Clonmel Property Valuations 1837 lists a 'Mrs Tobin at Sherlocks Lane; property- a house, value £5, Notes- paupers'. Whether this is Eliza Tobin and her children is unknown, but given this was the year her husband died, it seems possible. (ref: IGP Archives- Tipperary website)

Stephen claimed in his deposition that his solicitors had engaged the services of “Longfield Kelly and Armstrong” of Dublin to search the Record Office in Dublin “where old parish records are transferred and also the census papers for the year 1821 and that they state that the Parish Registers in Ireland have not been preserved as they should have been and no marriage of his parents or birth records of his siblings were found.”

The fact that the 1821 Census was asked to be checked implies that his parents were married by that date and that possibly his eldest sister Mary was born.

He further stated that they had found a document of “the Register of Interments of Prospect (Glasnevin) Cemetery Parish of St Paul, showing the burial of his father John Tobin who died in the year 1837”.

Having now received this document, the record of his burial states: [iv]

John Tobin, died 6 May 1837, aged 37, lived in Townsend Street (one of the streets in central Dublin, parallel with the river on the southern side, originally called Lazers Hill before being renamed in the 18^th century). John was buried in an unmarked grave with many others in the Section of Glasnevin Cemetery called ‘Garden’ (Grave No. K 109.5).

Glasnevin Cemetery Dublin

Garden section marked in area around O'Connell Circle

An Irish researcher checked on this record and reported back:

On further enquiry, they informed me that this was an unpurchaseable (sic.) plot and that other people were buried in it. It was not in the 'poor' section as such, nevertheless, the plot could never be bought by an individual, and did not have a headstone. On further enquiry they informed me that no other Tobin family member was buried in this plot. This was the only John Tobin buried in Prospect Cemetery (now called Glasnevin)  in the year 1837, so the above information is obviously pertinent to your ancestor.

The Dublin Directory, "Pettigrew & Oulton's Dublin Almanac and general Register of Ireland", for the year 1834 has a "John Tobin, huxter of No. 86 Townsend Street",  and in 1835,  a "John Tobin of No. 86 Townsend Street, provisions dealer" living at the same address as a "A. Cornwell, sextoness of St Marks". 
Tobin's store was probably on the ground floor while A. Cornwell lived upstairs. Whether she also let a room to Tobin is not known.

1834- No.86 John Tobin huxter

1835- No. 86 John Tobin Provision dealer

Notably, in 1836 and 1837, No. 86 is occupied by Patrick Moran, prov.dealer, and A. Cornwell sextoness of St Marks. There are no records of John Tobin in these years in Dublin, so maybe he was ill and in hospital, or was being looked after by someone, maybe A.  Cornwell sextoness. There was another Provision dealer/huxter in nearby Exchange Street Lower by the name of William Tobin who was living there in 1834 onwards. He was still there in Slater's Directory of 1846- was he related?

The term 'Huxter' (or Huckster) refers to any type of vendor or reseller who sells small articles, usually low-priced goods such as meat, poultry, dairy, bread and baked goods such as pies and pastries  from a small store or door-to-door. Huxters were at the bottom end of the market hierarchy, both in terms of wealth and status since they made only small returns.
Similarly, the term 'Provision dealer' refers to a shopkeeper who sold food, trading in butter, cheeses, bacon etc. They sourced raw materials from their own holdings or purchased goods from other sellers such as 'grocers' who tended to be wholesale dealers, buying in bulk and packing smaller amounts for other shops.

When John Tobin died in 1837, he left a wife with three infant children and three in their early teens. Stephen was just 12 years of age, and as the eldest son, he was now the ‘man/provider’ of the family. It would appear that this had a profound effect on the development of a strong commanding character.

Why John Tobin was buried in the city of Dublin, whereas his son Stephen was born and baptized in Tipperary, and also married in Tipperary twenty years after his father’s death, is not explained. No mention was made of his mother Elizabeth, and it is unknown if she and the children were in Dublin when John died, or had remained in Tipperary. Oddly, Stephen names his mother as Elizabeth in the Stat. Dec., and his baptismal record gives the name Eliza, yet on his death certificate, she is named as Ellen.

Map of Townsend Street Dublin

Townsend Street Dublin in 1800's

Ancestral search- Records of Tobins in southern Tipperary

John Tobin’s burial record in 1837 states he was aged 37, ie. born in 1800. 
The only baptism record (and maybe irrelevant) for a ‘John Tobin’ in the Waterford and Lismore Baptism records which covers that southern area of Tipperary, is:

John Tobin baptism/birth 4 August 1800, Parish St Mary’s Clonmel, father Patrick Tobin, mother Ann Lynch, sponsors Michael Toomey and Mary Butler.

It has to be noted that Catholic records for this period are quite rare, so John Tobin's baptism may not be recorded. The name of John appears to be common in the Tobin family in this area in which there are numerous records of John Tobins living during this period of time, 1800-1860. Whether they were all related is unknown, but likely.
If this record is relevant, then there are several records of Patrick Tobins, in Clonmel and the area west of Newcastle.

Records of Tobins in Clonmel and surrounding district

A record has recently been released which reveals the names and some details of many Irishmen living in 1848 which is of interest to genealogists. The William Smith O’Brien Petitions gathered in 1848, records the names, addresses and political loyalties of over 80,000 people from all over Ireland and parts of England (mostly Irish immigrants and Chartists). Ruth Lawler nee Folan wrote about the petitions (for Find my Past):

It is one of the first mass political petition movements which aimed to save the life of this rebel leader after his conviction for high treason and sentence of death. He was the younger son of Baron Inchiquin of Co. Clare who joined Daniel O’Connell’s repeal movement in 1843 which sought to overturn the Act of Union between England and Ireland. He joined the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1846 who were committed to Irish independence. After leading an abortive rising in Co. Tipperary he was arrested and tried for high treason at a special sitting of the district court at Clonmel and sentenced to death on 10 October 1848. Meetings were organized all over Ireland to get people to sign petitions pleading for clemency. There are 166 different petitions. The occupations of the majority of signatories were literate farmers, tradesmen, artisans, etc. On 5 June 1849 Smith O’Brien’s death sentence was commuted to transportation to Australia for life, and he was sent to Van Diemen’s Land aboard the Swift. In 1854 he was granted a Conditional Pardon, and a Full Pardon two years later.

Looking at the geographic distribution of the signatories, 42,560 Dubliners signed (nearly 50%), and of the counties, by far the greatest number of signatories came from the two home counties of the O’Brien/ Inchiquin clan, viz. Co. Clare 4,636, and Co. Tipperary 4,393.

Several Tobins signed the petition sent by the inhabitants of St Mary’s Clonmel. Notably several had the same forename:

Thomas Tobin- Ref. No. CRF 1848 O 16/2/134; Sheet 2

Edmond Tobin- Ref. No. CRF 1848 O 16/2/133; Sheet 2

John Tobin – same Ref.; sheet 4

Joseph Tobin- same ref.; sheet 3

Wm Tobin- same; sheet 3

Michl Tobin- same; sheet 4

Michael Tobin- same; sheet 3

John Tobin- same; sheet 5

James Tobin- same; sheet 5

William Tobin- same; sheet 5

John Tobin- same; sheet 4

Thm Tobin- same; sheet 5V

Tom Tobin- same; sheet 4V

Wam Tobin- same; sheet 5V

Plus several Tobins from Carrick on Suir in Co. Tipperary, a few miles east of Clonmel.

The Header of the Petition by the inhabitants of St Mary's Clonmel

The record reveals there were quite a large number of families of Tobins living in St Mary’s Clonmel at the time. Whether they were closely, or only distantly related is unknown.

The 1839 Shearman’s Directory, for Clonmel lists the following Tobins:

Patrick Tobin,  Dowd’s lane- Publicans (p.32)

Laurence Tobin, 48,  Main street, Woolen Draper (p36)

Michael Tobin, 19,  Main street, Boot and Shoemaker (p21)

Richard Tobin, 37,  Dublin street, Huxters and Provision Dealers (p.27)

In the 1853 Griffiths Valuation there were 11 Tobins listed in the Parish of St Mary's, Clonmel, all in the “townland area” adjacent to Clonmel, described as “Burgagery- Lands west without the Municipal boundary:
Richard Tobin, Dowd’s Lane, office, £27 (NB possibly the public house of Patrick Tobin in the Shearmans Directory above)
Patrick Tobin, Bagwell Street, house, offices, yard, £15

William Tobin, Clonmel, house and garden 10s

Michael Tobin, Main Street, part of house (with a Miss Wade), and shop, £15.15s (NB. the shoemaker in the Shearman's Directory)

Thomas Tobin, Salmon Lane, House and garden, £2.18s

Richard Tobin, Dublin Stret- house and office and yard, £13.10s (NB. the Huxter and Provision Dealer in the Shearman's Directory)

Maurice Tobin, 3 adjacent properties leased in Main street- a) house and offices £13.10s

b) House and offices £22.10s;

c) Back house, offices and garden £4.10s;

4^th property adjacent to others, owned by Tobin and leased to John Shanahan, £21.7s.

John Tobin, Irishtown, house, £7.5s

Bridget Tobin, Irishtown,

David Tobin, Irishtown, house, £2.18s

Philip Tobin, Blind Street, house and garden, £1.2s

Map showing Clonmel, Burgagery West and Irishtown

 

In the 1853 Griffiths Valuation, several records under the name of John Tobin owned and leased some considerable property in the Newcastle (1) area:

At Curraghcloney, a few miles SE of Newcastle (1)- John Tobin leased 58 acres of land offices and house, 46 acres of Mountain pasture, and 27 acres of land, total rateable value  ₤43. He also owned a house and garden, with 2 rds 13 per value ₤1, which was leased out.

A John Tobin also leased 14 acres of land at Augharanlomaun, a couple of miles south the Curraghcloney. Notably his neighbour was James O’Brien, who rented 22 acres of Mountain pasture.

This John Tobin could not be Stephen’s father who was deceased, or his brother who would have been too young, but whether this John Tobin was a close relative in unknown. He may have been the same John Tobin (and James O'Brien) named in the records below, at Skeheenarinky and  Newcastle (2).

The 1823-1837 Tithe Applotment Books list:
John Tobin at Skeenerinky/Skeheenarinkey, Templetenny Parish (about 5 km north of Ballyporeen and Newcastle 2, and adjacent to Coolagarranroe);

Michael Tobin leased 13 acres at Araglin on the Tipperary Cork Waterford border, the significance of which will become apparent. Several O’Briens (Thomas, Michael, Patrick and William) also lived at Araglin, as well as an Edmund and James White.

Patrick Tobin is listed with 22 acres at Lyrefune/Lyrefoun about 2 miles north-west of Araglin, adjacent to Barnahown. In the 1853 Griffiths Valuation, Patrick Tobin was leasing a house and garden at Barnahown, between Lyrefoun and Araglin, and still had 32 acres at Lyrefune valued £4.5s.
  

The Catholic Parish for this area was historically known as Templetenny. The Catholic church and clergy based in Ballyporeen serviced both communities of Ballyporeen and Skeheenarinky and Coolagarranroe.

There is also a Stephen Tobin, born c.1802, named in the Irish Prison Registers for Clonmel Co. Tipperary, charged on 8 June 1842 with being “concerned in the conspiracy to murder Robert Butler Bryan Esq of Co. Wicklow”. Stephen was discharged on 11^th June. He was also registered in the Waterford Prison Register for the same charge and same date. This record states he was sent to Wexford Gaol. (The murder took place in Ferns Co Wexford, over a land dispute. Robert Butler Bryan, a Dublin lawyer owned large quantities of land in the Barony of Scarawalsh Co. Wexford- two local Wexford men by the name of Thomas Butler and Patrick Dwyer were also charged and found not guilty of the murder, at the Wexford assizes in March 1841.) Whether this was a brother or close relation of John Tobin is unknown. The only baptismal record found for a Stephen Tobin around 1800 is for:
Stephen Tobin, Trinity Without Parish, R.C. Church of Ballybricken, Waterford City on 15 January 1800, father Edmund Tobin, mother Elizabeth Tobin.
This record probably relates to the same Stephen Tobin named in the prison register.

The Clonmel Birth Death Records have a Stephen John Tobin, who died at 14 days old, on 9 Jan 1869, living at Kilgrainy Upper, which is a couple of miles east of Newcastle (1)  towards the mountain area near the Waterford border. It is also very close to Curraghcloney and Aughavanlomaun., which are a couple of miles south.

The Catholic Parish Records, Newcastle Parish, has a baptism for Ryan in 1823, in which the sponsor is named as 'Stephano Tobin' (Latin).

The O'Briens/Briens
As to Stephen’s mother, Elizabeth O’Brien/Brien- the O’Briens/Briens were numerous to this area of Ireland, their supposed progenitor Brian Boru, a famous warrior king who lived in the tenth and eleventh centuries, part of Irish folklore. Whether she was related to the Henry O'Brien,  landlord of the village of Ballyporeen in the 1850's is unknown, or the James O'Brien  landlord of Newcastle (2)  (see history of Ballyporeen below)

The Tithe Applotment Books of 1823-1837 lists all landholders in Ireland who are required to pay tithes. At the time, the landlord for this area was the Earl of Kingston.
The Newcastle (2) books list only two names- James O'Brien held 83 acres of 1st class land and a Patrick Bourke held 14 acres of 2nd class land.
The Skeheenarinky books contain a large number of inhabitants. They include several O'Briens- Henry, Michael, Denis, William, John, and two widows- Catherine O'Brien and Ellen O'Brien widow of David O'Brien.
It also names a John Tobin (twice), and Edward Tobin.


The widow Catherine O'Brien may be of relevance- she may have been the mother of Elizabeth O'Brien (married to John Tobin- mother of Stephen), which would account for the naming of John and Elizabeth Tobin's  second daughter Catherine. However, as Stephen claimed he was born in Newcastle which was held by James O'Brien, he may be his mother Elizabeth's father. 

STEPHEN  TOBIN'S  MARRIAGE  TO  MARY  DRISCOLL  

Stephen Tobin married Mary Driscoll (b.c.1835, Tipperary) on 22 July 1857 at Clonmel, Co. Tipperary,[v] the same year they emigrated to Australia c.1857.[vi] (see above record)

unnamed photo in family album, thought to be Mary Tobin nee Driscoll and daughter Katherine c.1898 Sydney

Clonmel is the nearest large town to this region of Tipperary.

Clonmel in the late 1800's 

Mary Driscoll's death certificate states that she was born or baptised c.1839 at Clogheen Tipperary  to parents Timothy Driscoll and Mary ‘Whitehead’:

(Mary Tobin's death certificate, naming parents)

However, there is a baptismal record for:

Mary Driscol, baptised 18 May 1835 in the Parish of Ballyporeen, address- Araglin; father Timothy Driscoll, mother Mary White, sponsors Edmund Lane and Ellen Quirk.[vii]

Original record- 18 May 1835- in Latin:

NLI- Catholic Parish records online- Parish of Templetenny Microfilm 02458/04, p.114

Last line: 'Mariam, dau of Timothie Driskol and Maria White of Araglin'

The reference to her birth at 'Clogheen' in several BDM records, probably refers to the Clogheen Union which incorporates Araglin.

The only Edmund/Edmond Lanes (the sponsor)  found in the Tithe Applotment Books of 1825-30 were two Edmund Lanes listed a few kms south of Rathcormick, about 15 kms SW of Araglin (at Walshtown Beg and Cousane), in the county of Cork. Walshbeg becomes relevant- see records on Driscolls near Dungourney and Lisgoold below.

Timothy Driscoll and Mary White had seven children in this area between 1830 and 1845 (note for 2 records, viz. for daughters  Margaret and Ellen, the mother is named as Margaret White not Mary White- a clerical error). Notably, with the exception of their eldest child who was born a few miles north of Araglin at Kilcarroon, all of the other children were born at Araglin or Barnahown which is adjacent to Araglin (NB. a Patrick Tobin was living at Barnahown in the 1853 Griffths Valuation).

Issue:

1.Eleanor Driscoll, baptised 25 Feb 1830, parish of Clogheen, address Kilcarroon ( a couple of kms SE of Ballyporeen); sponsors Robert Fennell and Mary Smith (Microfilm 02453/04 Parish of Clogheen p.119)

2.Patrick Driscoll, bap. 23 Feb 1833, parish of Ballyporeen, address Araglin; sponsors Michael Meagher and Mary Denlay (Microfilm Parish of Templetenny  microfilm 02458/04 p.6)

3.Mary Driscoll, BAP. 18 May 1835, parish of Ballyporeen, address Araglin; sponsors Edmund Lane, Ellen Quirke (Parish of Templetenny p.114)

4.Ellen Driscoll, bap. 15 Oct 1837, parish of Ballyporeen, address Barnahown (adjacent to Araglin, on the Tipperary side of the border); sponsors James Hennessy and __ Parnell (Parish of Templetenny p.137)

5.Thomas Driscoll, bap.1 April 1839, parish of Ballyporeen, address Araglin; sponsors David Quirke and Honora Lane (parish of Templetenny p.151)

6.Margaret Driscoll, bap. 12 Sept 1841, parish of Ballyporeen, address Barnahown; sponsors Denis Foley and Mary Ahearn (Parish of Templetenny p.175)

7.Catherine Driscoll, bap. 7 Feb 1845, parish of Ballyporeen, address Araglin; sponsors John Ahearn and Elizabeth Condon (Parish of Templetenny p.202)

Notably the sponsors named as Ahearn and Denis Foley  were substantial landholders at Barnahown.

(source: RootsIreland.ie- Waterford Genealogy http://waterford.rootsireland.ie/index.php )

The NSW Australian Immigration Deposit Journals (State Records NSW- on Ancestry.com) have the following records for two of Mary's siblings:

Return for month of June 1867 of Monies paid to be returned to the Depositors: Depositor Stephen Tobin- Nominees Patrick Driscoll Defaulted from the 'Burlington' £7 (ship arrived 16 Feb 1867); Margaret Driscoll Defaulted from the 'Light Brigade' (arrived 21 May 1867), £4.

Nominee: Margaret Driscoll, age 20, Amt paid in colony towards passage:

£4. Note: Had Embarkation for the 'Burlington' and the 'Light Brigade' but from the latter vessell giving notice of her intention not to proceed. (SRNSW; Series 5266, Reel 2669)

Nominee: Patrick Driscoll, 18, b.c.1840, laborer; Where living: Newcastle, Clonmel Co. Tipperary; Depositor Mary Whelan; Name of person of note to whom reference can be made respecting the Emigrants- the Parish Priest, Date 1858 (SRNSW; Series 5264, Reel 2669)

The fact that Stephen Tobin was named as the 'Depositor' for two of Mary's siblings confirms that her mother was named Mary 'White', not 'Whitehead'.

Mary Driscoll's death certificate  describes her father Timothy Driscoll as deceased, possibly referring to the time she left Ireland in 1857. In the same record her mother is not described as 'deceased' so may have still been alive when she left Ireland. 
However, there is a record of a death of a Timothy Driscoll in 1865, aged 65 (b.1800) at Midleton (east of Cork city) which is only a few miles south of Sheepwalk (see records and second map below). There are numerous Timothy Driscolls in Cork so this record may be irrelevant, but can't be dismissed. (Death record- Volume 9 p522 Reg. District Middleton Cork).

A newspaper article in 1847 in which Timothy Driscoll is called as a witness to the assault on Denis Foley, definitely refers to our Timothy. Foley was a godfather to Timothy's daughter Margaret baptised in 1841. At the time of the assault, Timothy and Foley were "cutting turf" which refers to cutting peat. In the Griffiths Valuation, Denis Foley leased 26 acres valued at £6.5s., and owned a house value 5s. at Doon which is adjacent to Araglin.

Tipperary Free Press, 10 March 1847 (Findmypast)

Transcript:

Grievous assault

Michael Roche was given in charge for assaulting Denis Foley at Doone, on the 11^th September; and in a 2^nd count to do him grievous bodily harm.

Timothy Driscoll (an Irish witness), sworn- Lives at Arragon (Araglin??); knows Denis Foley, was with him cutting turf on the 11^th Sept. Last; Michael Roche came up while they were cutting turf; Roche and Foley disputed about  garden; they gave each other the lie; Roche spit in Foley’s face, and Foley into Roche’s; Roche took up a stone and struck Foley in the head, and broke his head, struck him a second time in the pole and knocked him down and went away; Foley was then on the ground; got nothing to swear this.

Prisoner- Oh! I’ll leave him to God, he’ll swear the buttons out o’ my breeches (laughter).

Denis Foley examined by Mr Scott- Remembers the day he was cutting turf. Roche struck him with a spade, he was scolding about some ground, they gave one another the lie; spit into one another’s face; Tim Driscoll put them asunder; went again to cut turf; was struck by the prisoner, and was only able to walk as far as the door for three months, cannot see well since.

To Prisoner- Could see better before than since.

Prisoner- Ask him. Sir, of you please, before his Lordship, if his grandmother was not blind altogether (loud laughter)

Dr Bradshaw sworn, and examined by Mr Scott QC… Is a medical man; was called on to attend the last witness; he had a deep fracture on the left side of the head.

To the Court- The man’s life was in danger; he had not recovered the injury since.

To a Juror- Heard he was a delicate man before he got this blow; for three or four months he could not see the light.

His Lordship charged the jury, who without leaving the box, returned a verdict of Guilty.

NB- ‘cutting turf’ means cutting peat

Foley leased land at Doon about 2-3 kms ENE of Araglin , In the Griffiths Valuation, Denis Foley leased 26 acres, value £6.5s. and an office value 5s, plus owned a house value 5s., adjacent to a John Foley who had 14 acres value £3.4s, at Doon/Araglin in Parish of Shanrahan ( land owned by Earl of Mountcashel).

Notably, Timothy Driscoll was referred to as an "Irish witness", as native Irish had different standing in the courts at that time.

There is also a record in the Irish Petty Sessions Court Register (1828-1912), dated 13 June 1857, of a Timothy Driscoll, address Clonmel St Marys, charged at the Clonmel Boro Court of "drunk and disorderly behaviour on public streets", and found guilty. This occurred just a month before Mary's marriage to Stephen.
(Petty Session Order Books CSPS, 1/2852- FindMyPast):

Whether this is the same Timothy Driscoll is inconclusive but seems likely.

Map showing Araglin, Ballyporeen, Newcastle, Barnahown, Kilcarroon and Lyrefune

Araglin is about 6 kms south of Ballyporeen (6 kms west of Clogheen) on the junction of the borders of Tipperary, Waterford and Cork, and is actually situated over the Cork border, but  Mary Driscoll  was baptised at Ballyporeen in Tipperary which is in the Lismore Waterford Baptismal Parishes. (from Clogheen, go into Ballyporeen and turn left following the road all the way to Araglin which is a very small farming community on the Araglin River- refer to MAP above). Ballyporeen would have been the closest townland to Araglin with a Catholic church, and was on the main road between Cork and Dublin.

Origins of Timothy Driscoll

There are numerous Driscolls named Timothy in the County of Cork named in the Griffiths Valuation and the Tithe Applotment Books, so it would appear that the name of Timothy is of historic significance to this family, along with the name Cornelius. Most of these 'Timothy Driscolls' lived in the traditional SW of Cork, on or near the Beara Peninsula where the O'Driscolls ruled for centuries, however, the name is not so prevalent in the eastern baronies of Cork, but one family featuring this name was living just 20 kms south of Araglin in the Barony of Barrymore in eastern Cork.

Notably, no Driscolls are recorded at Araglin or Barnahown in the 1824/33 Tithe Applotment books or the 1853 Griffiths Valuation, or for that matter anywhere in South Tipperary, which indicates that Timothy Driscoll was not from the area. 

As previously mentioned an Edmund and a James White lived at Araglin in 1824/33 (Tithe Bks), which may be relevant, one of whom may possibly be Mary White’s father. 
Also, it should be remembered that all of Timothy Driscoll and Mary White's children were born at Araglin or Barnahown, except for their first daughter who was born at Kilcarroon.

The fact that Timothy and Mary named their first son Patrick, may be of relevance and could signify that Timothy's father was named Patrick Driscoll; or he may have been named after his father.

As Timothy appears to have gone to live near his wife's family, we will take a quick look at the records for Whites in this area.

Map of the Parish of Templetenny in Sth Tipperary in the Barony of Iffa & Offa West

The White Family:

(refer to detailed family history of the Whites of Clonmel in the last chapter-the Whites owned most of Clonmel up until Cromwell's time)

In 1824/33 (Tithe Applotment Bks)
Edmund White leased 13 acres (7+3+3) at Araglin, 
(adjacent to a Michael Tobin who leased 24 acres. Patrick Tobin had 22 acres at Lyrefoun to the NW of Barnahown, and was still at Lyrefoun in the Griffiths Val with 32 acres plus a house and garden at Barnahown.)
James White leased 3 acres at Araglin. 
Paul White  had 11 acres in Gortischiall/Gurtishall in the 1824-33 Tithe Bks.
James White had 9 acres at Glouncuna/Glenacuna between Gurtishall and Ballyporeen.
Mary White, widow, was at Knocknagappul/Knocknagappagh east of Gurtishall.
Michael White, 6 acres and John White 17 acres, at Coolagarranroe in Templetenny, which is now possibly Kilcarroon next to Gurtishall, or could be Coolagarranroe north of Ballyporeen, near Skeheenarinky

Interestingly, a James Grove White Esq. was appointed the commissioner for the Parish of Newcastle to collect the tithes in Iffa & Offa West. Born 1791 in Lough Tipperary, died 1866 in  Doneraile near Kilbyrne Nth Cork (about 25 kms WNW of Fermoy) the Whites having inherited the large estate there from one of the wives' Grove family of Doneraile in the late 1690's. The White family of Kilbyrne (15 kms east of Buttevant near Doneraile) were descendants of the Whites of Dromana in NW Co Waterford, just 20 kms SE of Araglin. This White family history is outlined in the last chapter on Irish Roots. It is likely that the Whites around Araglin also descended from the Dromana Whites who also settled in Clonmel.

    NB. Dromana SE of Araglin; Kilbyrne/Kilburn is 15 kms east of Buttevant.


In the 1853 Griffiths Valuation, Edmund and James White were no longer at Araglin. 
Eleanor White was leasing a house and garden at Gorteeshal/Gurtishall adjacent to and just north of Barnahown, landlord Edward Sandiford Power who also owned much of Barnahown. Eleanor may have been the widow of Paul White who was at Gortischiall in the Tithe Bks, or Edmund or James White who lived close by- notably Timothy and Mary's first daughter was named Eleanor and was born at Kilcarroon which is adjacent to Gorteeshal. 
Further away (but still in Iffa & Offa West), an Edmund White was just south of Ardfinnan at Ballybacon and Gortnalower, house & garden value £4; and Richard White, 28 acres value £19 at Coolagarrane/Killcarroon in Templetenny and 6 acres at Drumroe; James White at Kilcoran about 6 kms north of Clogheen. 

Also notably, in the neighbouring Cork Barony of Condons & Clangibbon, there are several Whites living in the area west of Araglin, towards Fermoy:
In the 1853 Griffiths Valuation:

Michael White leased 28 acres value £5 at Gortnaskehy which was on the Cork side border of Araglin and Barnahown, adjoining Barnahown- he also owned a house & 23 perches value 12s.;

Maurice White leased 12 acres value £2 at Billeragh East adjacent to the west of Gortnaskehy;

Timothy and Patrick White leased 61 acres at Ballymuddagh, about 2 kms SE of Araglin;

William White leased a house and 21 acres value £2 at Cronohill adjoining Ballymuddagh to the south); 

Thomas White leased 21 acres value £2 from the Earl of Mountcashel  at Kilclogh near Macrony Upper, just NE of Kilworth;


It is highly likely that all of these Whites were related to some degree, as it is such a small area.

About 1 km NW of Fermoy is a townland named Whitecity, presumably named after Whites who lived there in the past. A book "Families of Co Cork Ireland", Volume 4, by Michael C. O'Laughlin states that "several of the name of White are given in the 1851 census of the Union of Kilworth (NW of Fermoy), and the 'Wheite' family name is  given as a principal name in Co. Cork in the Census of 1659."

Map of the Barony of Condons and Clangibbon in Cork where it adjoins Araglin on the border of Tipperary and Cork

In the Barony of Condons and Clangibbon, near the families of Whites living in that region, a Patrick Driscoll was leasing 16 acres valued at £10 at Ballynalackan about 4 kms ENE of Fermoy, on the River Blackwater, and just south of Kilclogh - notably 'Patrick' was the name of Timothy Driscoll's first son.

Araglin (in the Tipperary Barony of Iffa and Offa West) was on the border of Tipperary, Waterford, and Cork, and the Cork Barony of Barrymore is situated south of Araglin, adjoining the Barony of Condons & Clangibbon which separates Iffa & Offa from Barrymore.

Baronies of Cork, showing Barony of Barrymore, marked * south of ARAGLIN on the border (Barony of Iffa & Offa West), and the Barony of Condons & Clangibbon, north of Barrymore

 ( 19th century map from Rootsweb)

Map showing area in question between Araglin and Midleton in Co. Cork

A number of Driscolls can be found in the Barony of Barrymore, adjoining the Barony of Condons and Clangibbon to the south, in the early to mid 19th century,  including, significally, a Timothy Driscoll, which will now be looked at:

In the Tithe Applotment Books 1824-33:

Timothy Driscoll co-leased 127 acres 1 rood & 22 perches with William Keliher, at Young-grove in the Parish of Dungourney,  from the landlord Cozens Foulke Esq. 

Richard Driscoll and John Troy leased 25 acres at nearby Rathoroan (now Rathorgan, a couple of miles west of Clonmult) ;

John Driscoll leased 121 acres at Condonstown, just north of Clonmult (in the Parish of Clonmult, just north of Dungourney).

Cornelius Driscoll leased part of Bailey Bog Farm with two others, at Glannaruske/Glenruske in Parish of Castlelyons to the north, near Fermoy, and also owned a house and yard in Fermoy (Cross Street) which he leased out, valued £1;

John Driscoll had a house and “kitchengarden” at Conna in Parish of Knockmourne, just to the east of Castlelyons, and also  leased a house and 26 perches value £1, another house & garden value 7s and a 'pound' value 15s. at The Park just south of Aghern, between Conna and Castlelyons.

Notably there were several Tobins living in the Dungourney/Clonmult area- James and John Tobin leased 17 acres at Donickmore near Clonmult; and Edward and Michael Tobin leased 62 acres at Ballymona North near Clonmult.

In the 1848-53 Griffiths Valuation:

Timothy Driscoll was at now at Sheepwalk, still in the Parish of Dungourney (about 1km west of Dungourney). He leased  75 acres of land valued at £52, and owned three houses, valued at 10s. 18s and 10s. One was leased to a Daniel Murphy, the relevance of which may become apparent shortly. Sheepwalk was just a couple of kms north of Young-grove- notably Wm Keleher was still at Young-grove but only leasing 8 acres and the landlord was now John Turpin. Presumably this was the same Timothy Driscoll who was at Young-grove in 1824-33.

A John Driscoll leased  61 acres value £39 at Glenbeg, between Sheepwalk and Young-grove (Parish of Dungourney).

John Driscoll leased 105 acres valued at £45, at Condonstown and owned 3 houses valued at 8s., 6s., and 6s. (just north of Clonmult) . This would be the same John Drsicoll who was leasing there in 1824-33. He may be the same John leasing at Glenbeg.

Richard Driscoll leased a house, offices and garden at Clonmult valued £1.5s. This may be the same Richard Driscoll who was at Rathroan in 1824-33, and maybe now retired and living in the village of Clonmult.

Daniel Driscoll, at nearby Garryduff (also Parish of Clonmult) leased a house and garden and 1 rood 32 perchers value £1, and owned a vacant house value 2s.

These Driscolls all appear to be closely related as they are situated within a small area.

Map of relevant townlands in Barony of Barrymore

Distance- approximately 20 kms from Fermoy to Dungourney

The only other Driscolls in this area, were a Timothy Driscoll in the south of the Barony at Ballyvodock near Midelton and Carricktohill (house and garden 6s); nearby at Carrigtohill a John Driscoll leased 17 acres value  £18 and owned a house value 15s, and a Daniel Driscoll owned two houses valued 12s. and 4s.; 

and a Timothy Driscoll at Mitchelsfort (house value 10s)  NW of Lisgoold, and near Watergrasshill.

In the 1766 Religious Census:
Darby Driscoll was at Ligoold and Ballykerany (Ballycurrany- just SW of Lisgoold)
John Driscoll at Clonmult (near Dungourney)
David Driscoll at Midleton
Timothy Driscoll and Darby Driscoll at Town of Cloyne (south of Midleton)
Darby Driscoll and James Driscoll at Castleroche (10kms west of Fermoy)

Notably, the Darby Driscoll at Lisgoold, and the John Driscoll at Clonmult, could be the forebears of the Driscolls named near Dungourney in the 1824 Tithe Applotment Books and the 1853 Griffiths Valuation

In the County Cork, Ireland: A Collection of 1841/51 Census Records , (by J Masterson):
Parish of Kilcrumper, townland of Downing (near Fermoy):
Cornelius Driscoll 35, Head, labourer
Ann Driscoll, 21, wife
Cornelius Driscoll, 3 mths, son

Genealogical DNA Testing:

 DNA testing is becoming the new genealogical tool in trying to determine where one’s ancestors originated, when the paper trail stops. One of the companies, FamilyTree DNA offers a “Family Finder” test and matches those who share a common ancestor, and suggests the degree of closeness. eg. 2^nd-4^th cousin, 3^rd-5^th cousin, distant cousin, etc.

My test was found to have a “3rd-5th cousin” match, with three others of Irish descent (two living in USA and one in Canada), namely Person 1 (EP), Person 2 (ML), and Person 3 (DS).

The test suggests "4^th cousin" relationship, but due to the known facts about the grandparents' marriages, it is more likely "5th cousins", and therefore sharing a grandparent in the time frame of circa 1750-1800.

To put it simply:

I shared 13 chromosomal segments with Person 3; 10 with Person 2; and 7 with Person 1, however, the important segments to compare are the chromosomes where the size of the shared segment is largest, measured in centiMorgans, viz. cM's, which occur in Chromosome 9. 
In Chromosome 9, the values of the cM (centiMorgans) are 20.76cM with Person 1; 13.39cM with Person 2; and 13.15cM with Person 3;- apparently, only those segments with values over 10cM should be considered important, which therefore makes these three people significant, and indicates a relationship of about 4th-5th cousins, thereby sharing 3x to 5x great grandparents (see relationship chart below). Notably the other shared chromosomes in each of these people had low values, well below 10 cM and are therefore discounted when determining close relationships. As I share the largest segment with Person 1, his forebears are probably more closely related than the other two.
eg.

Comparison table showing shared chromosomal segments and the values in cM of each segment, between me and Person 1

  

Notably, two of the DNA matches have known ancestors who come from this area in the Barony of Barrymore in Cork:

 Person 1 has ancestors of the name of Murphy (specifically, Daniel Murphy) thought to be from the Ballymurphy area in the Parish of Knockmourne (about 10 kms to the north of Dungourney/Clonmult, and a few kms south of Araglin), but could the Daniel Murphy who was leasing a house from Timothy Driscoll at Sheepwalk also be related? There was also a record in the Griffiths Val. of a Daniel Murphy at Moydilliga a few kms north of Ballymurphy. The Griffiths Valuation shows numerous Murphys living in this NE area of Cork.

Person 2 has Hartnetts and Barrys from Lisgoold which is only a couple of kms west of Sheepwalk, and Kiley/Power from Cork.
There are few records of Hartnetts in this area, and a John and William Hartnett leased 80 acres and 78 acres in the Tithe Applotment Books of 1824-33, and were still in the area of Gortacrue adjacent to Young-grove, and near Lisgoold, in 1853. Person 2's 2xGreat Grandfather, Patrick Thomas Hartnett, born in Lisgoold parish Co Cork in the mid 1800's, was son of William Hartnett and Mary Barry, emigrated to Iowa and died there in 1923. Patrick was married to Catherine Powers born 1850 Co Cork. She was the daughter of Patrick Powers and Nancy Kiley of Cork, both of whom moved to Iowa USA.  Notably, an Edmund Kiley leased 19 acres from Edward Sandiford Power at Barnahown adjacent to Araglin (half of the Driscoll children were born at Barnahown).
William Hartnett and Mary Barry also had issue: Mary, Joanna, Thomas, John, Cathrine, James, William, Michael and Elen, all born at Lisgoold in the mid 19th century. 
The Barrys were numerous throughout this Barony, as they were descendants of the Earl of Barrymore who was granted 10,000 acres in the Barony in 1668. 
Person 2 also had 2x Great Grandfather John Smith from Tipperary Ireland, born in 1800's, married to Susan Catherine Corcoran from Co Roscommon before emigrating to San Francisco.

Another DNA match (M.D.-Person 4) shares 21 segments of 7.79cM on Chromosome 7, and lists Driscoll and Hartnett of Co Cork as her ancestors.

And another match (C.H.-Person 5) shares 12 segments of 8.85cM also on Chromosome 7 and in the same segment as M.D. Person 4. She lists Maurice Driscoll (b. 1826 Cork) and Mary O'Brien (b.1835 Cork) as her ancestors (their daughter Catherine Driscoll born USA in 1857). She also has a Jeremiah O'Brien (m. Johannah Corbett), father of a second Margaret O'Brien b.1866 Macroom, Cork, m. Michael Lucy of Macroom, Cork- 30 kms west of Cork City ).The match there could be the O'Brien link as well as Driscoll.

The only known link with Person 3 is a female Murphy, although the Murphy was born in the USA in 1768, which is too early to match our time period, so the match may come from one of her siblings and their descendants. And while I share a 13.15 cM segment with Person 3, Person 1 also has a 12 cM shared segment with Person 3.

Another DNA match (K. Murphy P. -Person 6) listed as a remote cousin (K. Murphy P.) DNA match also has a Murphy ancestor, sharing 9 segments of 9.18cM on Chromosome 11.

Notably, Persons 1,2 and 3 are also on each others list of matches which means the four families are connected from this period and area.

According to the Murphy descendant:- of the members of the Murphy sept found in central / western Co Cork and Co Kerry,  male DNA analysis shows them to be an unrelated group of Murphys not genetically linked to the Murphys who settled in and around Fermoy.  The Murphy clan in eastern Cork/Southern Tipperary and Western Waterford have been proven to descend from an old Gaelic sept originally located in Leinster - known as the Irish Sea Murphys. Scientific research has determined there are 11 separate groups of Murphys in Ireland - each with its own unique Y-DNA signature. 

This testing would appear to confirm that our Timothy Driscoll was probably related to the Timothy Driscoll at Young-grove and Sheepwalk in the early to mid 19th century. As our Timothy was based near Araglin for the births of his children between 1830 and 1845, that suggests that he was not the Timothy at Sheepwalk, but possibly a son, or nephew, maybe the son of the John Driscoll of Condonstown or Glenbeg.

Is it possible that Timothy Driscoll of Young-grove/Sheepwalk or the John Driscoll of Condonstown, was married to a woman named Murphy? And the link with the Hartnett family could be from nearby Lisgoold where a John and William Hartnett leased 80acres and 78 acres in the Tithe Applotment Books?

However, there is also the possibility that the link is with the White family who were prevalent in northern-eastern Cork around the Cork-Tipperary border region (and quite close to the Ballymurphy area), or the Tobin family, or the O'Brien family who were numerous throughout this region, and unless further records, or DNA matches are found, these relationships will remain speculative.

(My thanks to John Murphy for his help in interpreting these results)

OTHER TOWNLANDS OF INTEREST in TIPPERARY, BARONY OF IFFA & OFFA

Ballyporeen was the ancestral home of US President Ronald Reagan whose great grandfather Michael Regan was baptized there in 1829, and lived in the village until 1851 when he emigrated to London then the United States in 1857. A David and Bryan Regan lived at Skeheenarinky as well. 

The Clogheen Union included Cahir, Newcastle, Ardfinnan, Skeheenarinky,  Clogheen, Ballyporeen, Araglin and Kilbehenny.

Ballyporeen is thought to have begun sometime after  a small earlier settlement grew around the castle at Newcastle just north of the current village. The castle is of unknown date but likely the 15th or 16th century. The village was on the main coach road between Cork and Dublin in the 18th century and this would have led to passing trade and the provision of boarding houses and inns for travellers. A mill, thought to be  a dye works, known as Kingston's Mills, was in the lower Main Street, and this provided employment until at least 1809. The main landlord in the area, the  King family , Earls of Kingston, whose seat was Mitchelstown Castle, owned the market rights to the estate. Large open air markets were held in the village in May, August and December each year. The 2nd Earl initiated an ambitious building program across the estate in the late 1700's. Rents were nominal in the village to attract shopkeepers and tradespeople. Samuel Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of Ireland 1837 describes Ballyporeen as being on the coach road from Cork to Dublin containing 113 houses and 513 inhabitants.

Ballyporeen in the 1960's

The Great Famine of 1845-50  had a devastating effect in the area and hundreds died of malnutrition or committed themselves to the Workhouse at Clogheen, emigrated, or died of starvation. After the famine, the Kingstons were forced to sell off much of their estate in the 1850's  including the village itself which became the property of Henry O'Brien.
The Griffiths Valuation records of 1853  show many properties owned by Henry O'Brien in Ballyporeen, leased to others including some  by the name of O'Brien (John, James, Thomas, and Eleanor) and a Maurice Tobin. Henry O'Brien personally had 34 acres plantation, 52 acres house, offices and land, and a further 15 acres of land, total value about £78.
(Notably, James O'Brien has descendants living in Australia.)
The sell-off of the Kingston estate could explain why the Tobins left the area. The Tithe Applotment Books of 1823-1837 also name Henry O'Brien in this area, notably in Skeheenaranky, and a James O'Brien was the landholder of most of Newcastle.


Skeheenarinky was once the location of an mansion called Galtee Castle, built for the 2nd Earl of Kingston dated from the late 18th century (demolished in 1941). As mentioned, the Tithe Applotment Books of 1823-37 name a John Tobin at Skeheenarinky. The 1853 Griffiths Valuation has a John Tobin Senior and a John Tobin Junior named there, but as Stephen's father John Tobin died in 1837, these records therefore may be irrelevant. 

The Driscolls (O’Driscoll or O’Hederiscoll) were an ancient Irish family who ruled County Cork, and parts of County Kerry for many centuries. The name Timothy is common in the Driscoll family heritage. There are numerous ‘Timothy Driscolls’ in Co. Cork records, but none of that name are to be found in early nineteenth century records in Tipperary or near Araglin in Co Cork. In the 1823-37 Tithe Applotment Books there are numerous references to Timothy Driscolls (often shortened to ‘Tim’ or Timy’), many of them appear to refer to the same man due to the close proximity of the properties named. All of them are concentrated in the SW corner of Co. Cork, with many in the area between Bandon and Enniskean, south near Clonakilty, and others down in the far west peninsulas (Mizen Head and Brow Head, and SheepsHead, and the Beara Peninsula), and near Bantry, and around Skibbereen, all within about 100 kms distance (ie. baronies of West and east Carbery). One or two lived in Cork city.

County Cork

The Irish Petty Sessions Court Registers name numerous Timothy Driscolls from Cork, and there are also several references in County Tipperary during the 1850's- the earlier ones (1853-1857) are mostly from the town of Tipperary, and later ones in the 1860s in Nenagh in north Tipperary, and their relevance is doubtful. However, the record for a Timothy Driscoll in Clonmel St Marys (see above)  is probably relevant.

STEPHEN TOBIN'S LIFE IN TIPPERARY

Not much is known of Stephen’s life in Ireland- he was 32 years of age when he left Ireland. His elder sister Catherine had emigrated to the colony of New South Wales in 1842 when she was 18 years of age. Sometime before 1849, his younger sister Ellen had been placed in the Clonmel Workhouse. Whether her mother and two younger brothers were also in the workhouse is unknown. At the age of 17 years, Ellen was chosen as one of 190 young  'orphan' girls to emigrate to Australia under Earl Gray's Orphan Emigration Scheme, arriving in Adelaide South Australia in December 1849. (see chapter on Ellen Tobin)

There is a record in the Irish Petty Sessions which may be relevant:
Irish Petty Sessions Court Registers 1857
Date: 9 September 1857: No. 125
Complainant: Eliza Tobin of St Mary's Clonmel
Defendent: Rebecca Mach(?) St Mary's
Complaint: Refusing to pay complainant five shillings for work and labor done at Clonmel.
Order: To pay to Complt. five shillings for work done and for costs

If this relates to Stephen's mother Eliza Tobin, she was still alive and living in St Mary's Clonmel after his departure for Australia, and working for her living.

There is also a record in the Griffiths Valuation of Ireland, for County Cork which may be relevant. Most of the valuations in Co. Cork were done between 1850 and 1852, completed in 1853. There was a Stephen Tobin who leased two pieces of land at Gortgarriff on the far east coast of Cork, on the northern coast of  Beara Peninsula (opposite Caherdaniel on the map above). And significantly, a Timothy Driscoll leased the adjacent block.

Gortgarriff, parish of Kilcatherine, Bears, Cork- leased from the Earl of Bantry:

No. 11b- Timothy Driscoll, with John Leary and Patrick Sullivan- House, offices and land totaling 27 acres, value £6.8s

No 13- Stephen Tobin- House and land 8 acres, value £4.15s

No. 17 (Kilcatherine adjacent to Gortgarriff)- Stephen Tobin- Land 9 acres value £4.8s

A James Driscoll leased No. 1.

Griffths Valuation- Gortgarriff & Kilcatherine land plots

11= Timothy Driscoll; 13 & 17= Stephen Tobin

He may have leased these properties during his military service time. However, this may be just a coincidence as the name is quite common in Ireland- there are numerous ‘Stephen Tobins’ named in various counties in the Griffiths Valuation, although not in Tipperary, and the name Timothy Driscoll is also numerous in this SW area of the Cork peninsula.
Looking back at the 1827 Tithe Applotment Books for Kilcatherine, there are three Driscoll records and two Tobin records in this area:
W. Kilcateerin Lord Bantry (Kilcatherine)- No. 389 Darby Driscoll and No. 394 Pat Driscoll
Cahirkeen Lord Bantry (Caherkeen)- No. 035 Darby Driscoll
Urhin Lord Bantry- No. 063 Ned Tobin
Inches Lord Bantry- No 209 Robert Tobin
(http://corkgen.org/publicgenealogy/cork/titheapplot/kilcatherine/tithe.html)

These may have been the forefathers of the Timothy Driscoll and Stephen Tobin in the Griffiths record. The name 'Darby Driscoll' appears in the eastern baronies of Cork also.
There are eleven marriage records of Timothy Driscolls/O'Driscolls in the Eyeries, Allihies, Bere Island and Castletownbere area, near Kilcatherine, on the Beara Peninsula, no date given but appear to be in the 1800's, so the name is common there.
(http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~colin/DriscollOfCork/Marriages.htm)

A list of Bantry (Cork) born soldiers discharged prior to 1853, (taken from the National Archives UK) lists a Timothy Driscoll, place of birth: Bantry or Kilmocomague Parish (which covers an extensive area extending from Bantry, down the Bear Peninsula), 86th Foot Regiment, Discharged aged 32: covering dates: 1819-1833.  (http://corkgen.org)

Looking at his service record, Timothy Driscoll joined the 86th in Dublin in October 1819 at the age of 18, and served as a private, mostly in the West Indies. His record states that his service record was "indifferent" as he spent long periods of time in Hospital suffering from "Intemperence". He also suffered from fevers and a cough, sometimes bloody, and was medically discharged in 1833.

After serving in India from 1799 to 1819, the 86th regiment returned to England in April 1820 and 250 recruits joined the regiment from Ireland. In 1821, it occupied quarters at Waterford until April 1822 when they moved to Dublin, and in 1826 sailed to the West Indies where they remained until 1837- they had lost 5 officers and 299 soldiers, mostly to fever, and brought back 424 men to England and Ireland. 

(Ref: Cannon, Richard, Historical Record of the Eighty-sixth, or the Royal Co. Down Regiment of Foot, London, 1842- online at archive.org- an interesting read on the service of this regiment)
Whether this refers to our Timothy Driscoll can't be determined. However, the fact that his first two children were born in Feb 1830 and Feb 1833 would suggest not.

STEPHEN TOBIN'S MILITARY SERVICE IN INDIA

Stephen's obituary would describe him as "intellectually and physically, a splendid specimen of Irish manhood, and his tall, soldier-like figure and his cheery voice will long be pleasantly remembered."
In a statement Stephen Tobin made in 1897, he said he was “for years Sergeant in the British Army” (The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate, Parramatta, Sat. 28 August 1897). 
An article in the Freeman's Journal (Sydney- Saturday 19 December 1896 p.28) stated that Stephen carried with him credentials from Sir Henry Norman (then Governor of Queensland) with whose regiment he served in India.  

During the height of the Irish famine in the 1840's, many desperate young Irish men joined the British army, or the private armies of the East India Company. At this time, Britain was not involved in any major conflicts, apart from  the Anglo-Sikh War in 1845/6 and 1848/9 in the Punjab, resulting in complete annexation of the Punjab by the East India Co. The East India Company ruled the beginnings of the British Empire in India. Formed to pursue trade with the East Indies, the company ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent, China and the NW Frontier Province. The East India Company came to rule large areas of India with its own private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. The Company's rule in India lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act of 1858 led the British Crown to assume direct control of India in the new British Raj. Before the Indian Rebellion, the three independent armies of the company's Presidencies, with some locally raised irregular forces, expanded to a total of 280,000 men by 1857. The Bengal Army was the army of the Bengal Presidency, and its main source of recruitment were high caste Brahmans and Rajputs, under the command of British officers. During the 1840's and early 1850's numbers of Nepalese Gurkhas and Sikhs from the Punjab were accepted, serving in separate units.


In a toast given by Tobin for the army at a dinner, he gave an insight into his army service (Logan Witness, Beenleigh, Sat 21 Aug 1886 p3- Banquet for Mr Stevens MLA) :
Dr Geoghegan proposed a toast to “The Navy and Army”-(laughter)- whilst the English army was the most insignificant in Europe, the British Navy was the greatest in the world. He drew an amusing and ludicrous picture of the Southport Volunteers marching out to meet an enemy when loud calls for Mr Tobin were made.
Mr S. Tobin, said he thought his friend was a little astray as to the precedence of the two services. The Army preceded the Navy on all occasions. (Cheers) It was all very well for a bit of a sailor boy to blow about fighting when they know they had their heads safely jammed behind 15 or 18 inches of armor plate, but he could boast of that service that went to fight sword in hand and man to man- (Cheers) without any plating but their red jackets. (Cheers) In the Sikh war of 1848, he was an able bodied soldier, and was ordered out to India under Lord Gough, where they made short work of Shere Ali, Mere Ali and a lot of ‘Alis' (Cheers) He had been no drawing room soldier; but was in the ranks and fought through a frightful war in a bad climate. (Cheers)

Each of the East India Company’s three ‘Presidencies’- Bengal, Bombay and Madras- maintained its own army. Eventually the Bengal Army became the largest and most important of the three forces. British Army units were sometimes attached to the three armies, in times of need, with the Company usually underwriting the cost of their deployment. By the early 19^th century, the Company’s army was 250,000 strong. The officers were British and there were several regiments composed only of Europeans, but the vast majority of Company soldiers were Indian.

 Stephen Tobin referred to being ordered out to India under Lord Gough, and serving in the Sikh War of 1848.

Lord Gough 

Lord Gough, Hugh Gough 1^st Viscount Gough, born in Limerick Ireland in 1779, served in the British Army during the French Revolutionary Wars, the Peninsula Wars and the First Opium War in China before becoming Commander-in-Chief of the Bengal Army in India in 1843 and led the British Forces in action against the Mahrattas defeating them decisively at the conclusion of the Gwalior Campaign and then commanded the troops that defeated the Sikhs during both the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1845 and the Second Anglo-Sikh War which started in 1848, in which he again took to the field commanding in person at the Battle of Ramnagar in November 1848 and at the Battle of Chillianwala in January 1849. He was criticized for relying on frontal assault by infantry rather than using artillery and was replaced as commander-in-chief by Sir Charles Napier but, before news of his replacement had arrived, Gough achieved a decisive victory over the Sikhs in the Battle of Gujarat in February 1849. For this he became known as the ‘hammer of the Sikhs’. He then retired from active service and returned to Ireland.

The British Library has numerous records of the Bengal, Madras and Bombay Service Army Lists, 1765 to the 1850's. They have been digitised by the LDS but are only viewable at thier LDS centres. Therefore, finding Stephen's service records is difficult without visiting one of these centres. 

One available record (Findmypast) is the 'Wills of Soldiers, Treasury Deposits" etc., p.346 which reveals that in 1846, Private Stephen Tobin was with the 1st European Regiment of the Madras Army, under Lieut. William J. Manning from whom the payment of £1.2.9 is made in February 1846:

Madras Infantry European uniform 1847, by Charles James Lyall

However, Stephen claimed he was in the regiment of Sir Henry Norman, so therefore, at sometime, after this payment in the Madras Army, Stephen transferred to the Bengal Army. The Madras Army did not participate in the Sikh Wars.

To understand Tobin's role in India, we can outline Sir Henry Norman's well documented army career.
Field Marshall Sir Henry Wylie Norman was a senior Indian Army officer who served in the Second Anglo-Sikh War. He joined the family merchant firm in Calcutta in 1842 and then persuaded his father to let him join the Bengal Army. He was commissioned as ensign in the 31st Bengal Native Infantry in March 1845. He was posted to Lahore in 1846 and, having been promoted to lieutenant in December 1847, took part in the Battle of Ramnagar in November 1848, the Battle of Chillianwala in January 1849 and the Battle of Gujarat in February 1849 during the Second Anglo-Sikh War. Having attracted the favourable notice of Sir Colin Campbell, Norman was selected by Campbell to accompany an expedition against the Kohat Pass Afridis in 1850 as officiating brigade-major. 
As a subaltern he was noted for a splendid deed of gallantry, heading a rescue of some badly injured men who had been descending a precipitous mountain under fire in the pass of Kohat and had taken shelter under some rocks. Under fire from the enemy, Norman and Ensign Murray of the 70th NI and some sepoys ascended the rocks in defiance of the enemy and brought the wounded men down. Norman served in numerous frontier expeditions between 1850 and 1854 and in the suppression of the Santhal rebellion of 1855 to 1856 before becoming assistant adjutant general in India in May 1856. 

In the Indian rebellion of 1857, the 31^st Bengal Native Infantry Regiment did not mutiny and fought in the Central India Campaign. Almost the entire Bengal Army had mutinied and in the ensuing disbandment of its regiments, the 31^st became the second most senior. When Queen Victoria became Empress of India in 1876, the regiment became the 2^nd (Queen’s Own) Regiment of Bengal Native Light Infantry.

Three battle honours were awarded to the 31^st Bengal Native Regiment during the Second Anglo-Sikh War, two for the battles of Chillianwala and Gujurat.

Ensign and then Lieut. Henry Norman's army records, in the 31st Regiment Native Infantry, are listed in "The East India register and Army Lists" for the years 1843-1850, compiled by F. Clark of the Secretary's Office East India House, London 1850 (familysearch.org)

Apart from his participation in the Second Anglo-Sikh War of 1848-49, which of the other campaigns Tobin served is not known, but he must have been a sergeant in the 31st Bengal Native Infantry under his officer, Lt. Henry Norman. He was the same age as Henry Norman who was born in December 1826, so presumably joined the army around the mid 1840's.

The Second Anglo-Sikh War, or, the Punjab Campaign- 1848-49
 The President in Lahore sent two officers to Multan to compel the local viceroy to pay increased taxes and to relieve him, at his own request, of the fortress. The officers were murdered by the garrison and this encouraged an uprising of rebellious troops against  the Sikh government. After some initial actions, the British East India Company sent a substantial force under Sir Hugh Gough. He led his main force against Sher Singh’s army, which defended the line of the River Chenab against Gough for several weeks. On 22 November, the Sikhs repelled a British cavalry attack on a bridgehead on the eastern side of the river at the Battle of Ramnagar. Although they subsequently withdrew from their exposed bridgehead, the Sikhs regarded the battle as a victory. Gough forced his way across the Chenab in December and outflanked the Sikhs defending the fords, but his cavalry then paused to await infantry reinforcements, allowing the Sikhs to withdraw without interference. At the start of 1849, Amir Dost Mohammed Khan of Afghanistan side with the rebellious Sikhs, who agreed to cede the city of Peshawar and its surrounding area which had been conquered by Ranjit Singh early in the 19^th century. Gough was ordered to destroy Sher Singh’s army. On 13 January 1849, Sher Singh had cunningly concealed his army, and Gough was faced with withdrawing, or attacking when it was late in the say. Gough unhesitatingly took the latter course and the resulting Battle of Chillianwallah was desperately fought. Gough’s troops, attacking into thick scrub without effective artillery support, suffered heavy losses. Three days of heavy rain followed, discouraging both sides from renewing battle, after which both withdrew. Gough’s losses were severely criticized and he was replaced as Commander-in-Chief by General Napier, although some blame was put on several senior officers who had proved unable to command their units effectively. As Gough’s army closed in on the Khalsa, Sher Singh attempted a last outflanking move, sending cavalry to cross the Chenab, and re-cross in Gough’s rear. They were thwarted by heavy rains which made the river difficult to cross. On 13 February, Gough attacked the Khalsa at the Battle of Gujurat. Here, he began the battle with a 3 hour bombardment from almost 100 guns, which drove the Sikhs from their hasty entrenchments. He then sent his cavalry and horse artillery after them in a pursuit which lasted for four hours. On March 12, Sher Singh and Chatter Singh surrendered near Rawalpindi. Some 20,000 men laid down their arms, and the Afghan contingent hastily withdrew through Attock and Peshawar, which the British reoccupied, and Khan later signed a treaty acknowledging British possession of these cities. On 30 March, Duleep Sigh held his last court at Lahore, at which he signed away all claims to the rule of the Punjab. Gough received rewards for his services, although his tactics at Chillianwalla were to be questioned for the remained of his life.

(Ref: Wikipedia- Second Anglo-Sikh war)

Major battles at Chillianwala and Gujerat led to the surrender of the Sikhs. The British annexed the Punjab and the child MahaRaja Duleep Singh went into exile.

Order of Battle of the Army of the Punjab at the Battle of Ramnagar:

Commander-in-Chief- Major-General Sir Hugh Gough
Cavalry Division: Brigadier General Cureton.
1st Brigade: Brigadier White; HM 3rd Light Dragoons, HM 14th Light Dragoons, 5th and 8th BLC.
2nd Brigade: Brigadier Pope; HM 9th Lancers, 1st and 6th BLC.

1st Infantry Division: General Gilbert.
1st Brigade: Brigadier Mountain; HM 29th Foot, 30th and 56th BNI.
2nd Brigade: Brigadier Godby; 2nd European Light Infantry, 31st Bengal Native Infantry and 70th Bengal Native Infantry.

2nd Infantry Division: General Thackwell.
1st Brigade: Brigadier Pennycuick; HM 24th Foot, 25th and 45th BNI.
2nd Brigade: Brigadier Hoggan; HM 61st Foot, 6th and 36th BNI.
3rd Brigade: Brigadier Penny; 15th, 20th and 69th BNI.

6 horse batteries: Lane, Christie, Huish, Warner, Duncan and Fordyce.
3 field batteries: Dawes, Kenleside and Austin.
2 heavy batteries.

The website http://www.britishbattles.com/second-sikh-war/ramnagar.htm gives an interesting account of the Battle of Ramnugur, describing the conditions of the battle:
Movement of large bodies of troops in scorching heat raised choking clouds of dust. As the fighting began, the dust clouds intermingled with dense volumes of musket and connon smoke. With the thunder of gunfire and horse hooves, the battle yells and cries of the injured, the battles of the Sikh Wars were indeed infernos.
The traditional weapon of the Sikh warrior is the Kirpan, a curved sword kept razor sharp. Horrific cutting wounds, severing limbs and heads, were a frightful feature of the Sikh Wars in which neither side gave quarter to the enemy.

Battle of Ramnugur- fought on 22 November 1848
A detachment of 3,300 cavalry and 900 infantry of the Sikh army led by Sikh Singh, under British command, rebelled and began fortifying the crossings of the Chenab River. By November 1848, the British had assembled a large army on the frontier of the Punjab under the Commander-in-Chief General Sir Hugh Gough. In the early hours of the 22 November, Gough ordered an attack on the Sikhs who were hurrying to cross back across the Chenab. During the ensuing battle, General Cureton was shot and killed, and Lt Colonel Havelock was killed in the melee in the river. As Gough's aim was to drive the Sikhs back across the Cheban Rover, he was successful in achieving this, but at a high cost, losing two of his high ranked officers and 12 other officers, and one of their guns which was lost in the river.

Battle Statistics (Wikipedia):

Battle of Chillianwallah (now part of Pakistan). The battle in January 1849 was one of the bloodiest fought by the British East India Company and a Sikh victory. After the disastrous 'Charge of the Light Brigade, Lord Lucan remarked "This is a most serious matter", to which General Airey replied, " it is nothing to Chillianwallah." The battle was a shock to British military prestige.

On 13 January 1849, near the village of Chilianwala, north-west of Lahore, General Lord Hugh Gough, Commander-in-Chief India, led his army into the first major battle of the 2nd Sikh War (1848-1849). The 24th (The 2nd Warwickshire) Regiment of Foot and the 25th and 45th Regiments of Bengal Native Infantry advanced to attack the guns of the Sikh Army. Outstripping the native infantry, the 24th Regiment arrived upon the enemy prematurely but, under instructions not to fire, they fixed bayonets and charged the deadly artillery. In this gallant but foolhardy attack, the regiment suffered 515 casualties including 238 killed.

The battle almost ended in disaster when Lieutenant-Colonel Alexander Pope, commanding the 2nd Cavalry Brigade, gave an indistinct instruction which was interpreted as ordering a retreat: the brigade's flight was just halted by an Army chaplain. The enormous casualties which were inflicted on a larger and better-equipped force changed Indian perceptions of the invincibility of the British. However, the Sikh Army failed to drive home their advantage, so Gough claimed the battle as his victory.

Coloured lithograph by Day and Son after E Walker from a drawing on the spot by Lt. J.H. Archer, 96^th Regiment. 

Published by R. Ackermann, 1849

National Army Museum, UK, collection, out of copyright

Battle of Gujarat - this was a decisive battle in the Second Anglo-Sikh War, fought on 21 February 1849. The Sikh army was defeated by the British regular and Bengal Army forces of the British East India Company. After it capitulated a few days later, the Punjab was annexed to the East India's Companies territories and the child Maharaja Duleep Sigh was deposed.

Three battle honours were awarded to the 31st Bengal Native Infantry during the 2nd Anglo-Sikh War including two at the battles of Chillianwallah and Gujarat.

The Punjab Campaign Medal:
British and Indian soldiers who took part in the Second Sikh War received the silver medal entitled Punjab Campaign Medal 1848-9. Clasps were issued for the battles which were described as Moollan, Chillianwallah and Goojerat.
Description: 
Obverse: Victoria Regina
Reverse: The Sikh army laying down its arms before Sir W R Gilbert and his troops near Rawal Pindi Inscription: To the Army of the Punjab" MDCCCXLIX

What became of Stephen's medal is unknown.

A recommended online book about the Second Sikh War (at Archive Books):
James Henry Lawrence-Archer, Commentaries on the Punjab Campaign 1848-1849. Including some additions to the history of the Second Sikh War, pub. London: WH Allen, 1878.      https://archive.org/details/commentariesonpu00lawr

This book also gave some statistics of the numerical strength of the various corps engaged in the several actions during the Punjab Campaign (pages 133-135):
1. Ramnuggur- all ranks in the 31st BNI: 949 (taken from the Quarterly Return  1 Oct 1848)
2. Sadoolapore- all ranks in the 31st BNI: 756
3. Chillianwallah- all ranks in the 31st BNI: 983 (Quarterly Return 1 Jan 1849)
4. Goojerat- all ranks in the 31st BNI: 804

(page 166-167) Return of killed and wounded and missing in the army of the Punjab in the action with the Sikh forces at Chillianwallah on 13 January 1849.
The British forces consisted of: 1 Horse Artillery Brigade; 1 Foot Artillery Brigade; 2 Cavalry Division Brigades; and 7 Brigades in the 2nd Infantry Division

In the 2nd Infantry Division- 3rd Brigade:
31st Regiment of Native Infantry
         killed- 1 havildar, 2 rank and file
         wounded- 1 European officer, 2 havildars, 12 rank and file
(havildar= non commissioned officer in the Indian army, equivalent rank to sergeant)
TOTAL killed and wounded in the 2nd Infantry Division, 3rd Brigade:
killed- 4 European officers, 7 native ditto, 24 sergeants or havildars, 1 drummer, 138 rank and file
wounded- 26 European officers, 16 native ditto, 43 sergeants or havildars, 9 drummers, 725 rank and file
missing- 2 havildars, 42 rank and file

When Stephen returned to Ireland from India is unknown, but probably in the early to mid 1850's. He must have returned before the Indian Rebellion in May-June 1857, following which, the East India Company's armies were disbanded and some were incorporated into the British army.

The Latter Day Saints genealogical website, familysearch.org, has in its catalogue of microfilms, 'Bengal Army Service Lists' which are copies of those held in the British Library., and can be ordered to view at LDS family history centres and some genealogical family history centres. They include:
Bengal Service Army Lists, 1759-1858 on 22 microfilm reels, plus an Index (Film/DGS 1886143 Item 7). Volumes 1 to 12 cover 1770-1843, and the other 10 reels cover 1844 to 1858. 
Bengal Army Lists 1781-1849 on 7 microfilm reels. 
Army muster rolls and casualty returns 1716-1860, India Office, on 39 microfilm reels. Bengal army discharge papers 1820-1882 on 24 microfilm reels.

EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA

Having married at Clonmel in July 1857,  Stephen and Mary soon  boarded a migrant ship, probably at Cork, heading to New South Wales. They are not on the Bounty lists and therefore were self-funded, and the name of the ship has not yet been discovered. As they were established in New South Wales by April 1858 when their child was born, and given that ships took between 3 to 5 months to sail to Australia, they left Ireland between August and December 1857.

After arrival in New South Wales and settling on the Berry estate at Gerringong, NSW, the first of their eleven children was born. As daughter Mary was born nine months after their marriage, it would indicate that Mary was pregnant during the four to five month voyage from Ireland which must have been very uncomfortable for her.

unnamed photo in family album

possibly Mary Tobin nee Driscoll c. 1897

The choice of Gerringong must have been made on the advice of Stephen's elder sister Catherine who had settled in Gerringong, on the Berry Estate, with her husband Timothy Guinea in 1848. Catherine must have communicated with Stephen, recommending this beautiful farming area and the opportunities available in this new country.

Issue of Stephen and Mary Driscoll

Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscol had the following children:
1. MARY TOBIN was born on 26 April 1858 in Gerringong, NSW.(NSW 8026/1958). She died on 23 Dec. 1938 in North Perth, W.A. (WA 23/1938). She married ALEXANDER McPHERSON DUNCAN 8 July 1900 W.A. (WA 527/1900); At her death, she was a widow. Buried with sister Alice at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. HA No. 0807 
No issue.
2. ELIZABETH (Lizzie) TOBIN was born in c.1860 (Sydney according to her marriage certificate; age calculated from death cert.). She died on 3 Aug. 1928 in Swan View, Perth, WA. (WA 68/1928). She married DR. KARL AUGUST EDWARD ROMMEIS in 1881 Qld. (QLD 1881/C691)- he died 3 Oct 1901.
Both buried Karrakatta Cemetery Perth with mother Mary Tobin, Historical Section AA, No. 0368
Issue- Christian Frederick b.1882 d.1943; Mary Dorothy b. 1884 d.infancy; Stephen Edward b.1886 d.1891; Eunice Elizabeth b.1887 d.1894; Dorothy Mary b.1889 d.?  m. 1915 to R. Farrar; Joyce Alice b. 1890 d.1894; Monica/Mona b. 1892 d.1972 m. 1913 William L. Hoops; Edward b/d 1896; Edward Anslem b/d 1897.
3. LOUISA TOBIN was born  20 Sept 1861 in Gerringong, NSW(NSW 8278/1861). She died 7 Aug. 1931 in Bundanoon NSW (NSW 13648/1931); unmarried.
4. ELLEN VERONICA (Nellie) TOBIN was born in 1863 in Gerringong, NSW (NSW 8553/1863). She died 13 Aug. 1942 in Parkerville, W.A. (WA 107/1942). Married 10 Dec. 1883 WILLIAM PHILPOTT in Brisbane QLD (QLD 1883/B8616). He died 22 Aug 1925 aged 81. Buried together Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. DA No. 0530. 
Issue: Frances Mary b.1884 d.1928; Noel William b. 1886 d?; Beryl Vyvyan b.1888 d.1911; Adrian Wylde b.1890 d.1918.
5. KATHERINE MARY TOBIN was born 8 April 1865 in Gerringong, NSW (NSW 9690/1865). She died on 16 Aug.1901 in Waverley, Sydney, NSW (NSW 11806/1901). She married FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN on 19 May 1886 in Brisbane QLD (QLD 1886/C959), son of Lars Poulsen and Charlotte Fredrikke Gudmundsen of Denmark. He was born 3 July 1860 in Copenhagen Denmark (Danish BDM Records online). He died 8 July 1932 in Sydney, NSW (NSW 13563/1932). Buried in family grave at Waverley Cemetery- Graves No. 2281 and 2282.
Issue: Marjorie Vaughn b.1887, m. 1913 Arthur te Kloot; Eileen Beatrice b.1888, m.1924 William Spain; Theodore Sylvestor b.1890 d.1965, m.1915 Maude Leydon; Myra Lillian b.1892 d.1949, m. 1916 Philip Nott; Raymond Horace b.1894, d 1922, unm.; Nellie b/d/1896
6. JOHN CONWAY TOBIN was born in 1866 Gerringong/Kiama, NSW (NSW 9637/1866). He died 10 June 1944 in Shenton Park WA (WA 1184/1944). He married 1906 ANNIE KIERSE (of Ballarat) in WA (WA 387/1906). Buried Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. KC NO. 0123
No issue.
7. ALICE GABRIELLE TOBIN was born 20 July 1868 in Gerringong NSW (NSW 10657/1868). She died on 29 Aug. 1952 in Mt Lawley WA (WA 2107/1952). She married 12 July 1897 GEORGE NEEDOM HYDE in WA (1082/1897), son of Thomas Hyde Esq. of 'Fairview' KIlkenny Ireland. George died in Bendigo 1957 aged 90. Alice buried Karrakatta Cemetery with sister Mary, Sect. HA No. 0807.
Issue: Brian b.1897; Patricia b.c.1910.
8. STEPHEN WILLIAM TOBIN was born on 23 Dec. 1870 in Queensland (probably Nerang) (QLD 1871/B12063). He died in 1924 Sth Melbourne VIC (VIC 2681/1924). He married ANN MARY AUSTIN in 1911 Victoria (VIC 9603/1911).
No known issue.
9. CHARLES FREDERICK TOBIN was born 16 May 1873 in Tallebudgera Creek, Qld (QLD 1873/C1768). He died 9 January 1925 Darwin N.T. (Northern Territory Times and Gazette, 9 Jan 1925, p.4). He married MARY MANFORD (aka Grace Emily Mitchell- 1877-1956) on 6 Nov. 1907 at Coolgardie WA (WA 14/1907). Mary Tobin buried Karrakatta Cemetery Sect. ZN No. 0289.
Issue: John Eric b.1907 at Menzies WA., d. 1979 at Northam WA, married 1945; Frederick Charles Anthony b.1910 d.1995, m. 1943 Carola Aloyisa Folly (1910-1989).
(NB. some Ancestry.com records have Charles married to Grace Emily Mitchell-   all Electoral Rolls and newspaper articles name his wife as 'Mary'. However, John Eric's death record names his mother as 'Grace' and father as 'Jack', yet her burial at Karrakatta Cemetery names her as Mary, grantee: Frederick Charles Tobin.)
10. HERBERT PATRICK TOBIN was born 2 June 1875 at Tallebudgera Qld (QLD 1875/C1878). He died 17 July 1956 in Perth WA (WA 1829/1956). He married 21 Oct. 1899 EVA MADELINE MACFARLANE in WA (WA 1626/1899) She died 30 January 1933 . Buried together in family grave at  Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Historical Sect. AA, No. 0218A, with son Harold
Issue: Dorothy Louise b.1900 d. 4 November 1988; Alfred Herbert b.1901 d.16 May 1930; Harold Victor b.1906 d.28/10/1993 (burial Karrakatta Cemetery); Stephen William b.1913 d.22/9/1970 (aka Cedric William Tobin- see burial record  of Stephen Wm at  Karrakatta Cemetery); Lillian May Josephine d.?; Eva Jean d.?
11. LILY MARGARET TOBIN was born 25 May 1877 in Tallebudgera Qld (QLD 1877/C3136). She died 10 Nov. 1955 in Mossvale NSW (NSW 32624/1955). She was unmarried.

Statutory Declaration made by Stephen Tobin
(QLD State Archives, N11667, dated 15/2/94)

© B A Butler

Contact email: butler1802 @hotmail.com (NB. With no spaces)

Link back to Introduction:
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html

Links to all other chapters in this blog:

Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html

Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html

Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html

Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html

Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html

Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html

Bushrangers in the family
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html

Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html

Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html

Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html

Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html

Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites
http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html

---

[i] State Archives QLD

[ii] Irish Family History Foundation www.rootsireland.ie- Records for this area of southern Tipperary are held in the Diocese Waterford Lismore Parish Registers for RC Church (Parish Ardfinnan).

[iii] Sydney Morning Herald Oct 26, 1904, p.6

[iv] Glasnevin Cemetery Trust, No. W41078

[v] As stated on the birth record of Herbert Patrick QLD 1875/C1878

[vi] Calculated from birth of 1^st daughter Mary in April 1858 at Gerringong NSW.

[vii] Irish Family History Foundation, op.cit., (Parish Ballyporeen)

[viii] NSW 8026/1958

[ix] WA 23/1938

[x] WA 527/1900

[xi] Age calculated from death certificate WA 68/1928 aged 68 yrs