tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58186546217781611512024-02-18T17:48:05.047-08:00Tobin Family HistoryThe story of Stephen and Mary Tobin who left Tipperary, Ireland in 1857 to migrate to Australia. They became pioneers of Kiama in NSW and Tallebudgera in QLD.BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comBlogger13125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-50629911068463693992013-03-30T23:07:00.002-07:002016-02-25T22:45:00.740-08:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:13- Irish Roots<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Stephen Tobin</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, son of <b>John Tobin</b> and <b>Elizabeth Brien/O'Brien,</b> was born in 1825 in Newcastle, County Tipperary, Barony of Iffa and Offa West, Civil Parish of Templetenny or Newcastle, Poor Law Union of Clogheen, Province of Munster, Ireland.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">His wife <b>Mary Driscoll</b> was the daughter of <b>Timothy Driscoll</b> of Co. Cork and <b>Mary White </b>of the Cork/Tipperary border area.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">They married in 1857 at Clonmel, Tipperary.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The origins of the four surnames will be briefly outlined:<b><span style="color: blue;"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: blue;">TOBIN, DRISCOLL, O'BRIEN, and WHITE.</span></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">ORIGINS OF THE NAME <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">TOBIN</i> IN IRELAND</span></span></span></u></b><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This surname derives from <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> St. </span>Aubyn-du-Thenny in Upper Normandy, France, first called de St Albino or St Aubyn (St Alban), a very tiny village north west of Paris. Following the Norman Conquest it is thought that in England in the early 1100's, they established a caput (chief manor house) called Place Barton at Ashton in Devon, the heiress of which married Sir John St Aubyns. Sir John was the heir of the St Aubyns family of St. Aubyn-du-Thenny in Normandy and was possessed of the considerable estates of Pickwell, Georgeham, Berynarber and Paracombe in north Devon. Place Barton became the seat of the Chudleighs in the 14th century.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>'<span style="color: red;">A</span>' marks St-Aubyn-du-Thenny in Normandy, France</strong></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /><strong></strong></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1204, William de Santo Albino (gaelic) or de St Aubyn was one of the early Norman settlers who was granted lands around Kells in County Kilkenny. He was described as Lord of Stamacharty (Stonecarthy, barony of Kells).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">William also possessed lands in Slieveadagh in County Tipperary. His descendants held ½ knight fee in Killamery in the 13<sup>th</sup> century and after. They soon acquired nearby Ballagh which became <strong>Ballytobin,</strong> and about the same time became lords of <em>Cumsy (Cumsinagh)</em> in Co. Tipperary, where some still exist today. The Tobins became so influential in Co. Tipperary that in mediaeval times the head of the family was known as Baron of Coursey (not an official title). Clyn in his Annals, stated that in the 14<sup>th</sup> century the Tobins were a turbulent sept more dreaded by the English settlers than the native Irish.</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The first recorded spelling of the surname as '<em><strong>Tobin'</strong></em> or <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em>'<strong>Tóibin' </strong></em> in Gaelic, </span> was in 1350 in "Medieval Records of Co. Kilkenny" during the reign of Edward III.</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Several Tobins of Cumsy married into the chief Norman family in Southern Ireland, the powerful Butler clan that virtually ruled Ireland for 600 years -the Ormond, Mountgarrett and Dunboyne lines, and other junior Butler lines. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">From these bases William's descendants soon mushroomed, and by the 1440’s, there were three major Tobin clans established in S.E. Tipperary, in addition to the senior line in Kilkenny.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The three families held many townlands in Tipperary and Kilkenny.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By the early 1300’s the family had already formed a lineage or clan in Tipperary and often were ‘beyond the law’ in their attacks on other colonists there.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobins, known as <strong>Barons of Cumsey</strong>, had land crossing the line between Tipperary and Kilkenny.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Thomas Tobin of Killaghy</strong>, the head of the family, was granted the land, April 20<sup>th</sup> 1540. (Killaghy near Mulliahone, Tipperary.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ballytobin is near Callan, Kilkenny.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Two other cadet families were: </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin of Kilnagranag</strong>- first leader, Walter Mor Tobin;</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Richard Tobin I of Caherlesk</strong> 1541</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Author Rev William P. Burke published a book in 1907, "Clonmel" on the history of Clonmel in southern Co. Tipperary, in which (page 429):</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><i>The Names of the Gentlemen inhabiting the County Of
Tipperary with the extent of their Lands by estimacon as followeth (c.<b>1550):</b><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><i>Lands houlden of the Mauners of Knockgraffen (5kms N of Cahir) and
Kilshielan<o:p></o:p></i></span></b></div>
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<i><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James Tobin and his kinsmen</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, the compsie
in the canthred of Clonemell …..£150<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><i>(NOTE<b>- the name
Tobin</b> is found in the records in Latin as <b>De Sancto Albino, Anglo-Norman St Aubyn</b>. The family was settled in Compsy
barony early in the thirteenth century. September 19<sup>th</sup>, <b>1242</b>, Henry III issued a mandate to
Maurice FitzGerald, justiciary to clear the pass of Cumsy between Fethard and
the borders of Ossory by cutting the wood of <b>Thomas de St Albin</b>. In <b>1334
John Tobin lord of Compsy</b> “was treacherously slain in his own chapel by the
<b>sons of Walter Tobin</b> whom he had
trusted.” Two years later, “a duel was arranged between the kinsmen of John and
the sons of Walter Tobin. Both parties pledged themselves to the Justiciary to
fight; but the sons of Walter fearing the issue of their treachery, declined
the contest.” Clyn</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobins also spread to Waterford and Cork.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Castletobin</span></u></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> -- site of an early Anglo-Norman enclosure [ringfort] of the Tobin family, who were given large grants of land in the Callan area at an early date. The castle stump still remains according to O'Kelly. Location: townland of Castletobin, parish of Callan.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The families lost their lands in the Cromwellian settlements and were relocated to Counties Mayo and Gallway (Ballymoe) in about 1656.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For more thorough information on the Tobin history in Ireland, see the website:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ksurnam2.htm-"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ksurnam2.htm-</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>go to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>Tobin</u></b> and click on <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tobin History</b> written by Dennis Walsh<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/history/tobin.html<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin Crest or Standard<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The crest or standard is either royal blue with three white oak leaves or three azure blue leaves. The motto inscribed in Latin is <b><i>Noli me Tangere</i></b>, which translates as “<b>Do not touch me</b>”. It originated from the House of Killaghy, in Co. Tipperary. Killaghy was the name of the castle, where the main Tobin line lived for over 450 years, until Cromwell defeated Ireland and they were disposed of their family home.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Transplantation to Connaught 1654-58, by Robert C Simington, Irish Uni Press for the Irish Manuscript Commission 1970, revealed the following Tobins of Tipperary were transplanted by Cromwell, order dated February 1655-56:</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>John and Katherine Tobin (widow of James Tobin) of Killaghy</b>- assigned 942 Irish acres (H 552-profitable) in Parish of Templetogher (no <b>117</b> on map of Galway), Barony of Ballymoe, Co Galway; and 942 Irish acres (H209) in Aghagower (no. <b>3</b> on map of Mayo), Barony of Murrisk, Co Mayo</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Thomas Tobine of Killnegesna (?Killynagranagh)- </b>assigned 1000 Irish acres (H559) in Parish of Templetogher (no <b>117</b> on map of Galway), Barony of Ballymoe, Co Galway</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>James Tobin of Ballydavid</b>- assigned 115 Irish acres (H115) in Parish of Kilseily (No.<b> 80</b> on map of Clare), Barony of Tulla, Co. Clare</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>James Tobin of Garrangibbon-</b> assigned 273 Irish acres (H261) in Parish of Kilmeen (no <b>89</b> on map of Galway), Barony of Leitrim, Co Galway</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>David Tobin of Caherlasy, Co. Kilkenny</b>- assigned 300 Irish acres (H230) at Kilcroan (No <b>60</b> on map of Galway), Barony of Ballymoe, Co Galway.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><u>Cromwellian Transplantation Maps- Simington</u></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Co. Galway- Nos. 117 and 60- top right</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>No 89- lower right between 104 & 58</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Co Clare- No 80 centre right</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Co Mayo- No. 3 bottom left near Galway.</b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> </span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">ORIGINS OF THE <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">DRISCOLL</i> NAME IN IRELAND<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The surname Driscoll comes from the Irish O hEidirsceoil, grandson of Eidirsceol (from eidirsceol, meaning “go-between” of “bearer of news”); <o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">the
name is a compound Gaelic word derived from ‘</span><b style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><i>Idhir’</i></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> meaning ‘between
or intervening’, and ‘intermediary’ or a ‘go between’; and </span><b style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><i>‘sgeal’</i></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> means ‘a
statement or story’; thereby together they read ‘</span><b style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Idhir Sgeal’ or O’Driscoll</b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. The name translated means ‘descended
from the interpreter’.</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">They were a Sept possessed of Bearra, now the Barony of Beare, in the County of Cork, from which they derived their surname from Eidersceoil, Chief of Bearra.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Map of Cork</strong></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">County Cork was part of the ancient kingdom of Desmumhan, and home to pre-Milesian (viz. descended from Milesius of Spain whose sons invaded and possessed Ireland 1000 yrs BC) tribes of Fir Bolg or Erainn, such as the Corcu Lóegde. They were Celts who were settled in Ireland well before the arrival of the Gaels. Before the eighth century, Cork was populated mainly by tribes of Erainn descent, including the Corcu Lóegde tribal grouping.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By the 9<sup>th</sup> century, Milesian tribes of the Eóganacht dominated much of the area and the Corcu Lóegde were pushed into SW Cork, into an area which later became part of the diocese of Ross, roughly defined by the towns of Roscarbery, Skibbereen, Schull and Baltimore. The first mention of a name resembling Driscoll in the Annals of Inisfallen wherein the death of Conchobar Uí hEtersceóil in 1103 is reported. He was the king of Corcu Lóegde. </span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>O'Driscoll territory in the 1500's</strong></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For the next 500 years the O’Driscoll were a powerful family. They were a seafaring people engaged in fishing, trading and piracy, as their lands consisted mainly of rocky peninsulas and islands not suitable for farming. They constructed a number of great castles, the ruins of which can still be seen. Baltimore became the seat of the family and gets its name from their castle of great house (Baile an Tighe Mór). </span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1213 the O’Driscolls moved into the Bearra peninsula only to be taken over by the O’Sullivans two to three hundred years later. In the 16<sup>th</sup> century there were two branches of the Corcu Lóegde: the <strong>O’Driscoll Mór of Collymore</strong> and the <strong>O’Driscoll Óg of Collybeg</strong>. They gained a reputation for their ferocity, from their constant fight against the encroaching Eoghanancht, Anglo-Normans and the English, however this became a losing battle and the family struggled to retain their lands and power, and were ultimately completely dispossessed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">They would lose their lands to the English monarchs in the 17<sup>th</sup> century, and became tenants of their forefathers’ lands in SW Cork. However, the family and the name remain inextricably linked to their old homeland, and even today, the majority of Driscolls still live in SW Cork.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">Blazon of Arms: </span><b>Argent, an ancient galley, sails furled sable (black).</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">Translation</span>: <b>Argent (white) denotes Peace and Sincerity. The galley is symbolic of<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b>Venture to foreign lands. The sable furled sails signify Constancy.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">Crest:</span> <b>A cormorant proper (the emblem of charity)</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">William Casey, a Skibbereen historian
and genealogist, wrote the following in his paper<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">on “Aughadown House”;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">“From ancient times the O’Driscoll’s
ruled much of West Cork. Over the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">centuries the O’Driscolls’ power and
land was reduced by the arrival of other Irish septs<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">such as the O’Mahony’s, the
O’Donovan’s, the McCarthy’s and the O’Sullivan’s. By the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">1400’s the fiefdom of the O’Driscoll’s
was reduced to an area bordering both sides of the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Ilen River. This included Collybeg, an
area on the west side of the Ilen River, which<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">roughly equates to the civil parish of
Aughadown. The east side is called Collymore.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Despite the loss of territory, the
1400’s were good for the O’Driscolls. They earned huge<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">revenue by the selling of fishing
rights in Roaringwater Bay. This prosperity coincided<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">with a building boom which included a
number of O’Driscoll castles and the friary on<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Sherkin Island. Collybeg appears to
have been the ‘poor relation’ with just one castle at<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Rincoliskey.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The 1500’s saw a turn in fortunes for
the O’Driscolls. In 1537, the conclusion of a long<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">feud with the city of Waterford,
brought disaster. In revenge for the looting of a<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Portuguese ship bound for Waterford,
the men of that city raided O’Driscoll territory<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">and, using cannon, they damaged or
destroyed many important buildings including the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">O’Driscoll headquarters in
Baltimore(Dun na Sead – the fort of jewels).<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">However, the greatest challenge facing
the O’Driscolls, and indeed the whole of Gaelic<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Ireland, was the growing influence of
the Tudor monarchs over Ireland. Wishing to<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">control Ireland and to introduce
English laws and customs, the English devised the policy<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">of ‘surrender and regrant’. Under this
system, Irish chieftains could surrender their land<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">and titles held under Irish law and in
return were granted back their lands and given<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">English titles. Thereafter, they would
be bound by English law. In 1573 the new<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">O’Driscoll chieftain, Fineen, took up
the English offer and became Sir Fineen<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">O’Driscoll. He is commonly remembered
by his nickname ‘Fineen the Rover’.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">For those who chose to resist English
rule, the punishments were harsh. A clear example<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">of this was the policy adopted by the
English after the failed Desmond rebellion of the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">1580’s.
The lands of the Earl of Desmond and his allies, including the O’Mahonys of</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kinalmeaky, were confiscated and given
to English colonists. The new landowners<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">undertook to settle or ‘plant’ English
on the confiscated land, thus these attempts to<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">supplant the native Irish with English
settlers became known as ‘plantations’.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">During the Desmond rebellion the
O’Driscolls remained a loyal ally to the English, and<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">their position was relatively secure.
However, this would not continue.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The demise of their territorial power
occurred at the end of the Elizabethan-Irish<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">wars, which resulted in the Irish
defeat at Kinsale in 1601. The O’Driscoll clan lands<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">were passed over to Lord Castlehaven
by the victors.”<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Later in the article it states in
part;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">“In 1601 a Spanish fleet landed in
West Cork. Its intention was to aid the O’Neill<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">rebellion. It appears the personal
inclination of Fineen O’Driscoll was not to rebel.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">However, with a Spanish garrison
stationed at the O’Driscoll castle in Castlehaven and<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">with the urging of his family and his
neighbours, the O’Driscoll chief joined the other<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">local Irish chieftains in rebellion.
The defeat of the Irish and Spanish forces in the Battle<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">of Kinsale had an immediate and
disastrous impact on the local chieftains. The English,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">under George Carew, brutally
suppressed the rebellion in West Cork and the lands of the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">rebels were confiscated. While Fineen
O’Driscoll received a personal pardon, much of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">the O’Driscolls’ power and land were
lost forever. A large part of the O’Driscoll land<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">ended up in the possession of a Cork
merchant and land speculator named Walter<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Coppinger, who in turn rented parts of
it to English settlers.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The land confiscations in West Cork
opened up opportunities for new plantations.”<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<br />
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Over the centuries, the dispossessed O'Driscolls gained much notoriety for their exploits around the port of Baltimore.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">In another article by William Casey,
entitled the “Finn Family History” it states in part;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">“The parish of Aughadown forms part of
the ancient fiefdom of the O’Driscoll<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">clan, whose headquarters was at
Baltimore. The power and the riches of the O’Driscoll’s<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">reached their height during the 15th
and 16th centuries when they sold fishing rights to<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Spanish and other Continental fishing
boats, to the rich fishing grounds off the West Cork<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">coast. They survived and prospered
during the turmoil of sixteenth century Ireland by<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">remaining on friendly terms with the
English despite disputes with the rulers of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Waterford City and accusations of
piracy made against them by English officials. The<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">dawn of the seventeenth century saw a
dramatic change of fortunes for the O’Driscolls’.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">They sided with the Spanish against
the English during the Battle of Kinsale in 1601. The<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">defeat of the Irish and Spanish armies
broke forever the power of the Irish chieftains of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">West Cork. Over the following decades
the ownership of the land of West Cork fell into<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">the hands of English Adventurers and
Planters who differed from the native Irish, not<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">only in race, but also in religion.
Despite the passage of centuries, the gap between the<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">new
Anglo-Irish landowner and their native Irish tenants would never be bridged.”</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: red;">Motto</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The O’Driscoll motto is:
<b>ADVERSIS IMMERSABILIS UNDIS.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">meaning: <b>UNCONQUERED
IN STORMY WATERS,</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The names of <b>Cornelius</b> and <b>Timothy</b> are common in the Driscoll clan.</span></div>
</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Recommended reading:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">the book by Ó Murchadha, D. <i>Family Names of County Cork</i>, Collins Press, 1998.</span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">ORIGINS OF THE <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">OBRIEN</i> NAME</span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Originating from the Dalcassian clan, known as the Ui Toirdealbhaigh, which was not of outstanding importance in the area of Thomond, the Sept rose to the High Kingship of Ireland under the leadership of <b>Brian Boru</b> from whom they took the <b>surname O’Brien</b>, dividing into several branches and possessing a great part of Munster, of which they were frequently kings. The name is so common that it comes sixth in the statistical list relating to Irish surnames. For a time, like all Irish names the O was dropped, but now it is rarely found without the prefix O. (The O means ‘descendant of’).<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Brian Boru (941-1014)</b> had a remarkable career as <b>High King of Ireland.</b> A brilliant leader, warrior and tactician, he finally died on the field at the battle of Clontarf when the Norsemen were finally subdued. The first O’Brien to adopt the surname was Donagh Cairbre (1194-1242) son of Donal who submitted to Henry II. The main line, from Brian Boru, have been peers of the realm under three titles- Earls and marquises of Thomond, Barons and Earls of Inchiquin and Viscounts Clare, and have all played a prominent part in Irish history through the centuries.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbxmtY9npXL6btvr8Lysh81-O8kOlU-8BA-IegcQtlgjgwFLAO_aBXPU2yJ4UQ3WbVeHUiyPENalQq2hOLkiUQTeB_9vVEHJt3UTfrhwDYjagavhw4wgYcVgL13au9_wk-XWaX2NBZGy4/s1600/O'Brien+Coat+of+Arms.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbxmtY9npXL6btvr8Lysh81-O8kOlU-8BA-IegcQtlgjgwFLAO_aBXPU2yJ4UQ3WbVeHUiyPENalQq2hOLkiUQTeB_9vVEHJt3UTfrhwDYjagavhw4wgYcVgL13au9_wk-XWaX2NBZGy4/s1600/O'Brien+Coat+of+Arms.bmp" usa="true" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The current head of the O'Brien Clan, Lord Inchiquin is Conor O'Brien, Prince of Thomond, 18th Baron Inchiquin, 10th Baronet of Lameneh and 32nd in direct descent from Brian Boru, and one of 20 recognised Irish clan heads. His estate once included Dromoland Castle in Clare which was sold to become a hotel in 1962, and Bunratty Castle which he has leased out to an American. He still lives nearby at Newmarket-on-Fergus, Co Clare.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Recommended reading: Morgan Llewelyn, </span><i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Lion of Ireland</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">, 1981 (life story of Brian Boru)</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span></span></u></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">ORIGINS OF THE <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">WHITE</i> FAMILY IN IRELAND<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The White family from England came over to Ireland with the invasion in 1171, with Walter White and his brother William. They were followed by other branches from England, Wales and Scotland down through the centuries, and were common in many counties in southern Ireland. The <b>Whites of Leixlip Co. Kildare</b> were closely associated with the <b>Ormond Butler </b>line, acting as stewards for the Earl of Ormond. They intermarried with numerous prominent Anglo-Norman families, including <b>Hamilton of Abercorn,</b> <b>Dillon of Costello-Gallen, Butler of Galmoy, Moore of Drogheda, Taaffe of Carlingford</b>, etc, and held prestigious positions such as <b>Master of the Rolls.</b> </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Whites were also common in the counties of Waterford, Tipperary, Cork, Limerick, and Wexford for many centuries.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_CnI995NjlqPTf2dQrDi2d8Fw_t4nRbs5yGgtEy91qBRfCXmZRBX_fw1x8Z0Lvd68d8BndxjK9Ui5TD-sIfqQ5WXxJues5jcJR09YwacnyjxrR3tX7YJXRqPbO4O9XoKOeyCRdqrGTDE/s1600/Coat+of+Arms+.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_CnI995NjlqPTf2dQrDi2d8Fw_t4nRbs5yGgtEy91qBRfCXmZRBX_fw1x8Z0Lvd68d8BndxjK9Ui5TD-sIfqQ5WXxJues5jcJR09YwacnyjxrR3tX7YJXRqPbO4O9XoKOeyCRdqrGTDE/s1600/Coat+of+Arms+.JPG" width="170" /></a></div>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u>Coat of Arms for White of Ireland- three roses, two and one, separated by a chevron</u></b></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Argent/White of Silver denotes Peace and Sincerity</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Gules/Red- the Martyr's colour, signifies military, fortitude and magnamity</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Chevron (triangular shape) denotes Protection, often granted as a reward to one who has achieved some notable enterprise</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Engrailed Line/Invecked line signifies Earth or Land</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Red Rose signifies Beauty and Grace</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u>Origins of the Whites:</u></b></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The following
information on the origins of the White family is taken from Volume 9- <i>Notes
& Queries of the Waterford & S.E. Ireland Archaelogical Society
Journal</i>.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i>“<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The family of
White originally crossed to England from <b>Saxony in the 5th century</b>, and were
then known as <b>Vitus, Wite, or Weight (Bede).</b> They held a distinguished position
in Wales in the reign of Henry II., where <b>Ethebert Whyte</b> governed the southern
province as Justiciary or Proconsul. His son, <b>Chevalier Gautier (Walter) White</b>, and his
brothers assisted “Strongbow," Earl of Pembroke, in the invasion of
Ireland. The Whyte family established themselves in Co. Waterford and different
parts of Ireland (Abbe MacGeoghan, History of Ireland, Ancient and Modern, pub 1758-63)). Sir Nicholas White, Master of the Rolls, in
reign of Queen Elizabeth, and owner at that time of Duncannon Castle<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i>There is a
pedigree of Sir Nicholas White's family in the College of Arms, London, with
White crest and coat of arms (hand and dagger as crest, coat of arms a chev.,
gu. between three roses).”</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><i>Historical and Topographical Notes etc. on Buttevant,
Castletownroche, Doneraile, Mallow and places in their vicinity</i>, by Colonel
James Grove White. pub. Cork, Guy and Company, 1906-1915. Book 3- <i>White of Kilburne p231+</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="color: #222222;">“Origin of the noble family of Whites of
Ireland” by Ware (pub. 1762).</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN;">
<i>The Knight ‘Ware’, printed under his
dictation in London in<br />
1657, gives the origin to the many Whites in Britain and Ireland. The Venerable Bede in his History of the Nation Eclessiastique Angloise:<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN;">….
of Germanic tribes populis fortioribus is of Saxonibus, Anglis, Vitis<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span class="hps"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(….</span></i></span><i><span lang="EN" style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> <span class="hps">of Germanic tribes is of</span> <span class="hps">powerful nations of</span>
<span class="hps">the Saxons</span>, Angles, and <span class="hps">Vites.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Ware concludes that White is a Saxon name
derived from <i>"Vitus, Wite or Weight, according different variations in arrivals this
name since the establishment of Vites in England at the beginning of the fifth century”</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">P240<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>The Family of White came to
Ireland with Strongbow in the year 1170, </i></span><span lang="EN-AU"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and distributed </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">themselves
in different parts of the Island. The branch </span></i></span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">from which the "Whites
of Kilbyrne" are descended, remained in the </i><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">County of Waterford,
settling in the City of Waterford, in Clonmel, near </i><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Dromana, and other
localities.</i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>A pedigree, entitled
"White of Waterford" (1235 Philip White of Mocollop Co Waterford) having
the same armorial bearings as that borne by the White Family of Kilbyrne, is preserved
in the Ulster Office, Dublin. It commences at the time of Strongbow, and ends
with Nicholas White of Kingsmeadow, Co. Waterford, grandfather of Sir Nicholas
White, Master of the Rolls in reign of Queen Elizabeth.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>The origin of the Family is
given by Monsieur l'Abbe MacGeoghegan, </i></span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">in a work published at
Amsterdam in the year 1758-63 (History of Ireland, Ancient and Modern”, of
which the following is an extract, and which shows that the family originated
from a Saxon tribe named " V i t u s , " established in England in the
fifth century.</i></div>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>
</i></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Sir Gautier (Walter) Whyte
removed with his brother (William) into Ireland in the reign of Henry II., his father
being Governor and Justice of South Wales. </i></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i><b>From Sir Walter Whyte are descended
the different Families of White throughout Ireland.</b></i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>Burkes
Genealogical & Heraldic History 4<sup>th</sup> Edition 1958:</b><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: small;"><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Whyte of
Loughbrickland </span></u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">– pp.762/63</span><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></u></span></h3>
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<u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><b>Lineage</b>- the following is derived partly from a
pedigree registered in Ulster Office 1765 (Gen. Off. Dublin Castle MS 165 Reg.
Peds. Vol II, pp14-20)<o:p></o:p></span></u><br />
<u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></u></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Walter Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> with several of his brothers, including William, accompanied Strongbow on his expedition to
Ireland in 1170 and was knighted by Henry II in Dublin 1171. He accompanied
John de Courcy to Downpatrick in 1177 and having taken a leading part in the
subsequent conquest of Ulster was rewarded with large grants of land on the
west shore of Strangford Lough. He was one of the five barons of Ulster created
by de Courcy as Earl Palatine of Ulster. His descendants were known as the
Lords of Duffrye and built castles at Ballymorran, Killinchy, Raynhaddye and
Ring dufferin. His eldest son:</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir James Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, served under Richard I in the Holy Wars 1191-92. He m. Amicie de
Beaumont, dau of the Earl of Leicester, and had issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir Balthazar Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> who supported King John during his expedition to Ireland when the King
stayed at Ballymorran Castle in July 1210. He had issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir James Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, who had issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Maurice Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, m. a de Lacy of Lecale and had issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Walter Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> who, with his brother Wadenus and his kinsman the de Lacys, joined Bruce
in his invasion of Irealnd 1315-18. He m. the sister of John de Mandeville of
Killeagh Castle and had, with other issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, who with his brothers <b>John</b> and <b>Richard</b> fought at the Battle of
Mullingar, 1529. He had issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Dominic Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, who had issue:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas
Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> who m. a dau of the </span><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">3<sup>rd</sup>
Earl of Ormonde</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of whom presently<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Robert,
treasurer of Ulster 1388 and Prior of Kilmainham</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The elder, <span style="color: blue;">Nicholas Whyte</span> had issue:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir Maurice Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> who served in France under Henry IV and Henry V where at the Siege of
Rouen he led 2000 Irish, and later made Governor of Montaire under Henry VI. He
was called “The Lancastrian” having served under 3 kings of the House of
Lancaster. He m. a Fitzgerald and had issue:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Bartholomew
Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> m. Anne Cusack of whom presently<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Patrick,
Seneschal of Lecale 1469</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">3.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">William, Recorder of Waterford 1485<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The elder, <span style="color: blue;">Bartholomew Whyte</span> had issue: <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas
Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of <b>King’s Meadows co. Waterford</b> m.
Elizabeth, dau of __ Power of King’s Meadows<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Maureice,
ancestor of the Whytes of Imokilly Co Limerick (cr. Bts in 1677 and Marquesses
d’Albaville)</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The elder, <span style="color: blue;">Nicholas Whyte</span> had issue:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, Seigneur of King’s Meadows co. Waterford and founder of Whyte’s Hall,
near Knocktopher co. Kilkenny in 1518. Henry VII granted him a lease of the
Rectory of Dunkitt, co. Kilkenny 1540. He served in Scotland with </span><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James Butler 9<sup>th</sup> Earl of Ormond</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">; on their return to London, they and 16 others died of poisoning after a
banquet at Ely House, Holborn 1546.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">He m. Margaret Walsh, of co. Waterford and had issue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir Nicholas Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">, <b>of Leixlip</b></span>. Seneschal of co. Wexford and of Whyte’s Hall, Gov. of
Castle of Wexford, Master of the Rolls in Ireland 1572 m.__ Sherlock and had
issue, <b>Andrew, Thomas (who died before him in 1588), and James, two of whom
were educated at Cambridge.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;"><b>Andrew Whyte</b></span><span lang="EN-AU"><b><span style="color: blue;"> of Leixlip</span></b>, m. Margaret , dau of Patrick Finglass and d.31 July 1599,
leaving issue,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;">Sir Nicholas Whyte</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: blue;">,
of Leixlip</span>, aged 16 in 1599 (inq. p.m.) m. (c.1612) Ursula Moore, dau of 1<sup>st</sup>
Viscount Moore, (b.c.1595), and d.1654 and had issue, including 4 sons; <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">Arthur</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
(died pre 1660), <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">Nicholas</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
(died 1664) , <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3.<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">unknown son</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">,
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4.<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;">Charles</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
(mentioned in letter to Charles II from Emperor Leopold in 1693- </span><span lang="EN-AU">Charles married firstly to
Eleanor Barnewall, dau of Sir Nicholas Barnewall 1<sup>st</sup> Viscount
Kingsland (m.1617), s/o Patrick Barnewall, s/o Sir Christopher Barnewall of
Turvey Sheriff of Dublin.; married secondly Mary dau of Sir Thos Newcomen of
Sutton Co Dublin and Frances dau of Sir Wm Talbot, who had issue John Whyte of
Leixlip m. 1704 Mary Purcell and had issue Charles Whyte of Leixlip b 1714.- the Whites of Loughbrickland.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="first" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">And<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">4 daughters: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1)<span style="font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">Mary</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
(b. bef 1620) 16- m. Theobald Taafe 2<sup>nd</sup> Viscount Taafe & 1<sup>st</sup>
Earl of Carlingford <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –issue </span><span lang="EN-AU">Nicholas Taafe 2<sup>nd</sup> Earl of
C d,1690 Battle of Boyne and Francis
Taafe 3<sup>rd</sup> Earl of Carlingford (1639-1704).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2)<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">Frances</span></b><span lang="EN-AU"> (b. bef 1617, d.1674) –m
1635. Thomas Dillon, 4<sup>th</sup> Viscount of Costello Gallen- son Thomas 5<sup>th</sup>
Visc of Costello Gallen<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3)<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">Anne</span></b><span lang="EN-AU"> (b. bef 1628)- m.
Christopher Fagan of Feldrum co. Dublin, dau Elizabeth Fagan m. George Hamilton
4<sup>th</sup> Lord Hamilton, Baron of Strabane (sons Claude and Charles became
4<sup>th</sup> & 5<sup>th</sup> earls of Abercorn)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4)<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-AU">Eleanor</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
(b. bef 1633)- m.1. Edmund Butler, 2<sup>nd</sup> Viscount Galmoye- issue
(Colonel) Piers 3<sup>rd</sup> Visc. Galmoye </span><span lang="EN-AU">and (Colonel) Richard Butler (father of 4<sup>th</sup> Visc. Galmoye)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<span lang="EN-AU">m.2. (Colonel) Walter Butler of Munfin- issue
(Colonel) Walter Butler of Munfin</span></span></div>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">St Mary’s
Church Leixlip has an ancient memorial (above) on the wall in the chancel with
the inscription:</span><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<strong><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">WHITE</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span></i></span><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">This
Tombe was erected by the <b>Lady Ursula White, daughter of the Lord Moore.</b> Here
Lyeth the Bodie of <b>Sr. Nicholas White</b>, Knight, deceased the 24th of Februarie
1654 and <b>his son Nicholas White Esq.,</b> deceased 31st of Decembr 1664.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i><em><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-style: normal;">[in wall of chancel]</span></em><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<em><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><br /></span></em></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1F2Q8hFQzzGbriUvqu9pnEdwIEfhTznvQAmON60a41-WL9LLZi1e1aWhAxQf_WHO_z_mLZuErkX6DdTBPhuV1QFavg0WvNzwyQLHVil5iu8qUrdoXkkobPA59c_xtegu0AtqPy6AYcaA/s1600/White+memorial+in+St+Mary%2527s+Church+Leixlip+1654.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1F2Q8hFQzzGbriUvqu9pnEdwIEfhTznvQAmON60a41-WL9LLZi1e1aWhAxQf_WHO_z_mLZuErkX6DdTBPhuV1QFavg0WvNzwyQLHVil5iu8qUrdoXkkobPA59c_xtegu0AtqPy6AYcaA/s320/White+memorial+in+St+Mary%2527s+Church+Leixlip+1654.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Arms of White on left and Moore on right</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<em><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><br /></span></em></div>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
</span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b><span style="color: blue;">The
Whites of Waterford:</span></b><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></b></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b><span style="color: blue;">(Ref: Historical & Topographical Notes etc on Buttevant, Castletownroche, Doneraile, Mallow & Places in their Vicinity, collected by Colonel James Grove White, Volume III, Cork 1913- History of the Whites of Kilburne (Co. Cork) and Dromana (Co. Waterford) pp231+, 247+ )</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">www.corkpastandpresent.ie/places/northcorkcounty/grovewhitenotes </b></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">(Cork City Council) </b></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1235
Philip White of Mocollop </b>Co Waterford (near the Cork, Waterford border)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1290</b>
<b>Elias White</b>, brother of Philip White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1303
Geoffrey White</b>, son of Elias, acquired lands near<b> Clonmel</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1525
James White</b>, Bailiff of City of Waterford, a JP in 1538<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1540
James White</b> gets a grant of lands in Co Waterford, 20 May 1540<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1586
William White</b> of White’s Island near <b>Dromana</b>, was attainted.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1591</b>
Sir Walter Raleigh leased White’s Island near Dromana to Robert Balfe<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1644
Captain John White</b> commanded the Royalist Garrison at Dromana Castle (letters
from Lord Laurence Esmonde Commander of Duncannon Fort to Capt John White
commanding the Garrison of Dromana dated 27 July 1644 (during the Catholic
Confederation Rebellion)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1659
In the Barony of Decise Co Waterford</b> (viz. near Dromana), there were 17 persons
named White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1662
James FitzRobert White</b>, by his will dated 29 January 1662 bequeathed £40 due to
him by John FitzGerald of Dromana, Co Waterford, for the building of a hospital
in Clonmell. This <b>James White married Catherine Power </b>(PRO, Ireland, 1626,
LAG9)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1694
James White Senior</b>, <b>Seneschal of Dromana Manor Court,</b> was <b>father of James White
Junr of Dromana</b> who married <b>Grace Grove of Kilbyne</b> in 1694. Grace daughter of John
Grove, younger brother of Major Ion who made a gift of the lands of Kilbyrne to his younger brother John, “to hold unto
the said John Grove and his heirs for ever”- John Grove made his <b>will 18 July
1707</b> leaving his property to his only child, daughter<b> Grace</b>, then to her
husband, <b>James White</b>, and then to his first grandson,<b> John White</b> (d.1754,
buried Doneraile Churchyard) and his son <b>James White</b> (b.1728/29- d. 1780) of Kilbyrne
and Ardelly near Doneraile Co Cork, who lived at Kilbyne until about 178_ when
he let the house and land to two tenants. He then lived at Ballyboy Co Tipperary.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>1699
Subsidy Roll of Co Cork</b> gives Coroners of Co Waterford including <b>Jacobus white
of Ballynagowne Esq</b>.; and Seneschals of Co Waterford including <b>Jacobus White,
Senior, Seneschal of Manor of Dromana</b> (PRO Dublin)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">
<span lang="EN-AU">Daughter of John White, <b>Sarah White (b.1731)
married 1754 her cousin William White of Hogstown Co Cork </b>(on the border of
Cork and Limerick, or border of Co Limerick and Co Tipperary (mortgaged to a Mr
Harding)- issue <b>John Grove White, </b>Asst Surgeon 5<sup>th</sup> Dragoon Guards
and afterwards Dispensary Doctor of Charleville Co Cork c.1805, buried
Doneraile Churchyard. </span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">James Grove White Esq. (son of James White the younger b1728 of Kilbyrne)</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> was appointed the commissioner for the <b>Parish of Newcastle </b>(Tipperary) to collect the tithes in <b>Iffa & Offa West</b>. Born 1791 in Lough Tipperary, died 1866 in Doneraile near Kilbyrne Nth Cork (about 25 kms WNW of Fermoy) the Whites having inherited the large estate there from one of the wives' Grove family in the late 1600's. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><u><b><br /></b></u></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><u><b><br /></b></u></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><u><b>Other Whites of Cork</b></u></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After Cromwell, and the restoration of King Charles II, a <b>Sir Thomas White</b> came into possession of the greater part of the baronies of <b>Bere and Bantry in SW Cork,</b> purchasing some of the land debentures granted by Cromwell to his army officers during the civil war, and their descendants held possession for about 250 years.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">William
Playfair gives the following account of White family of Cork in the British
Family Antiquity:—<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">"<i> On the </i></span><i>restoration of Charles II, </i><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><i><b>Sir Thomas White</b> settled in the South of Ireland, where
he became a purchaser of some of the land debentures granted by Oliver Cromwell
to the officers of his army during the civil wars, and had a son, <b>Richard,</b> who
resided at Bantry until his death in 1730; having previously married a Miss
Hamilton of Scotland, by whom he had an only son Richard, who was bred to the
law and called to the English Bar, but never practised. He married, 10th of
December, 1734, Martha, daughter of the Rev. Dean Davis, of Davistown, in the
County of Cork, and had issue by her, one son and one daughter, viz., <b>Simon</b>,
born 8th of May, 1739, and Margaret, born in 1738, who married, 8th of
November, 1756, Richard, Viscount Longueville, by whom she had no issue.</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><i><b>Simon White</b> married, in August, 1766, Frances Jane, daughter of Richard Hedges Eyre, of
Mount Hedges and Macroom Castle in the County of Cork, Esq. (by Helena, the
daughter of Thomas Herbert, of Muckross, in the County of Kerry, by the Hon. M.
Browne, daughter of Lord Viscount Kenmare), and, dying in 1776, left issue,
<b>Richard</b>, the present <b>Viscount Bantry,</b> who was born 6th of August, 1767, and
married, 10th of November, 1799, Margaret Anne Hare, eldest daughter of Lord
Ennismore, by whom he has had issue, <b>Richard</b>, born 16th of November, 1800;
<b>William Hare,</b> born 10th of November, 1801; Maria, born 10th of November, 1805;
and <b>Simon</b>, born 10th of March, 1807."<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Richard White</b> was
created a Baron, 31st March, 1797, and a Viscount, 29th of December, 1800, and
Earl in 1816 for services rendered on the occasion of Wolfe Tone's expedition.
He manifested his loyalty by conveying intelligence to the authorities in Cork
of the arrival of the French fleet in Bantry Bay</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and lodged
and entertained in his own house at Bantry English officers during the time of
the disturbance. He also kept a vigilant look out for any further invasion.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><i>He married Lady
Margaret Anne Hare, daughter of the first Earl of Listowel. He had issue
<b>Richard,</b> who married a daughter of the Marquis of Thomond, and died childless.
The third viscount was a brother of his, <b>William Henry Hare White</b> and the
fourth was his son and of the same name, who died without issue and the titles
became extinct. The <b>Hon. Egerton Leigh White</b> succeeded, who assumed the family
name and arms of White by royal licence, in July, 1897. He sold the estate to
the Congested Districts Board in 1913 for £80,000. The present occupiers are
for the most part descendants of the old race, and so, after many changes and
revolutions, they hold their own again. The Whites held possession for about
250 years. They were resident landlords, but effected no improvements; their
lands were highly rented, but the management of the estate was of a mild type,
and there were very few evictions."</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (</span><span style="line-height: 160%;">http://www.libraryireland.com/WestCorkHistory/WhiteFamily.php)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 160%;"><br /></span></span>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>NB Kilbyrne about 15 kms west of Buttevant</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Mocollop is about 5 kms due south from Araglin, near the Cork Waterford border (above the border loop west of Lismore)</b></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">THE WHITES OF CLONMEL IN THE COUNTY OF TIPPERARY</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Author, Rev. William P. Burke published a book in 1907
about the history of Clonmel in southern County Tipperary, “<i>Clonmel”</i> (Waterford 1907), in which the
White family is featured. The following extracts contain references to the
Whites of Clonmel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Burke wrote: <b>The
Whites had been for centuries rulers of Clonmel</b>. There were three principal
branches which will be outlined below. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page345<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Besides the three principal branches there were
numerous other families of the name in Clonmel during the sixteenth and early
seventeenth centuries.<br />
The Whites are found among the Anglo-Norman settlers in Tipperary under the
form of “Le Blunde”. During the <b>thirteenth
century</b> <b>Thomas “the White”</b> held
lands in the neighbourhood of Ardmail (Tipperary) of the King <i>in capite</i>, rendering half a knight’s
service. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Their earliest recorded association with <b>Clonmel is 1388 when Nicholas White, of
Clonmel, was joined with the Earl of Ormond in a commission of the peace for
Co. Cork. <o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White of Clonmel</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, in <b>1397</b> was granted the custody of lands
in Tipperary and Limerick belonging to his idiot brother Theobald, during the
latter’s lifetime, without accounting to the exchequer for the profits.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> In <b>1402 </b>the manor of Cooleagh with houses
in Clonmel and other lands in Tipperary belonging to <b>Henry White of Clonmel</b> were granted to John Lawless in custody,
rendering account. Etc. At the same period James le Botiller seeking some
dispensation from Rome, dispatched thither Adam, prior off St John’s Dublin,
who was also provided with letters of attorney from <b>Nicholas White of Clonmel</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Historical
and Topographical Notes etc. on Buttevant, Castletownroche, Doneraile, Mallow
and places in their vicinity</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, by Colonel James Grove White. pub. Cork,
Guy and Company, 1906-1915. Book 3- <i>White of Kilburne p231+ </i></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(page 251 Notes to Kilbyrne) has the following: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1235</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- <b>Philip White of Mocollop Co Waterford </b>(Mocollop
is about half way between Fermoy in Co Cork and Lismore in western Waterford;
about 5 kms south of Araglin, and about 40 kms SW of Clonmel)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1290- Elias White,
brother (?) of Philip White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1303- Geoffrey White,
son of Elias, acquired lands near Clonmel<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(NB
the name of Geoffrey features in one line of the Clonmel Whites in the late
1500’s)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 229 of “Clonmel”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Out of the total number of <b>sovereigns who governed the town of Clonmel from 1371</b>, when that
office was created, to 1608, only the following names have been recovered:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1424 John White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1526 Thomas White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1539 and 1542 John Stritche<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1543 William Fagan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1565 Walter White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1581 Geoffrey White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1582 Michael Bray<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1586 Geoffry White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1589 Geoffrey White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1600 Nicholas White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Mayors Under Charter of 1608<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1608 John White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1609 Nicholas White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1614 Patrick White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1625 Henry White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1633 John White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1636 John White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1637 Francis White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1639 Henry White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1641 John White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1649 John White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1650-56 no mayors, the town being under a military
governor, and in 1656 the Cromwellian corporation was established.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Names of the Ancient Burgesses of Clonmell who were Proprietors of
lands within the Burgagery of Clonmell in the yeare 1640:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James Lord Marques of Ormond<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White fz Bennet</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Ffrancis White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White fz Richard</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">David White of Russelstowne</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> in ye Co. of
Waterford<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White fz Lawrence</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White fitz Richard fitz David</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pierce Bray of Clonmell, plus others (viz. Stritch,
Morony, Bray, Fagan, Wall, Lea, Walsh, Nicholas Everard of Fethard, Barron,
Laynogh, Richard Butler of Clonmell, Roch, Brenock., Swyny, Corr, Creagh,
Lincoln, Power, Donoghow, English<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">-Irish Papists<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b>Act of Settlement showing old and new proprietors in Clonmel in 1666</b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pages 256-257<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">CLONMEL WILLS in the Prerogative Courts- PRO (destroyed in the 1922 Records Office fire)<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pp341-342<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1810 White, Sarah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1776 White, Judith<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1741 White, Patrick<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1740 White, John<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1721 Tobyn, John<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1716 White, Francis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1664 White, Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1625 White, Catherine fitz Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1622, White, James fitzRobert (this was the second
branch of the White in importance- see tree below </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">*</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1615, Whyte, John fitzGeffry <span style="color: red;">(</span></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">**</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">see Will below)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1614, White, Henry fitz Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1589 White, Henry</b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">This is the earliest will of any citizen of Clonmel,
known to exist. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">“In the name of God, Amen, the 6<sup>th</sup> of
August in the year of Our Lord God <b>1577</b>, <b>I,
Henry White Burgess of the towne of Clonmell</b> being of whole mind and
perfect memorie, understanding the assurance of death and willing to prevent
the soddaine chaunce thereof doe make my will and testament in names and frome
following,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">First, I commend my soule to God Almyghtie through the
merits of Christes passion and the intercession of his blessed mother the
Virgin Mary and the holy company of heavin and my boddie to be buried in the
sepulture of mine Auncestors within the parish church of Clonmell and do make <b>my son John White my full and general heire</b>
of all my lands and inheritance saving of such lands that shall hereafter [be]
specified and excepted. And the said John to have and to hold and possess the
same lands and inheritance o him and his heires males of his bodie lawfully
begotten except the lands pre-excepted. And if the said John do fortune to die
without issue make of his bodie lawfully begotten then I will by this present
that <b>my son Nicholas White</b> shall
have hold occupie possess and injoy my said lands and inheritance to him and to
his heires males of his bodie lawfully begotten or to be begotten forever. And
if said John and Nicholas doe died without the life issue males of their boddie
lawfully begotten or to be begotten that then <b>John White fitzPatrick my Brothers son</b> shall have hold possess and
injoy my said lands and inheritance to have and to hold to him and his heires
males of his bodie lawfully begotten or to be begotten for ever. And for lacke
of like issue males begotten or to be begotten of the said John White my sonn
and heire Nicholas White and John White fitzPatrick I will that <b>John White fitzPatricks Brother Nicholas
White</b> shall have hold possess and injoy my said lands and inheritance etc.
Also I will that for the lacke of the like issue males of the said John White,
Nicholas White my sons and of the bodies of the said John White and Nicholas
White fitz Patrick, that my said land and inheritance shall remain to <b>Michael White the said Patricks sonn</b> to
him and his heirs etc. And if the said John White etc doe fortune to die
without the like issues males etc that then my said lands and inheritance shall
return and revert unto the rightful heires, I doe make ordaine institute and
appoint my said sonns John and Nicholas White executors of all my goodes and
cattle equally and doe leave my well loved Sir Theobalde Butler, <b>Geffrey White
my nephew </b>John Keating and John Bray Tutors and overseers of my wife and
children and soules porcon.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Legacies<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item in primis I leave and bequeath by this present to
my said son Nicholas white the newe slate house builded by me in the southe
side of the castle of the brode gate according the meares and members thereof
which I have purchased my selfe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item Also I leave and bequeath unto the said Nicholas
White tow howses or tenements purchased also by me of lawles is lands of which
howses or tenaments the one is where John murrye in his lyfe time dwelled in
the west side of the Cold sete within Clonmell and the other howse or tenement
is where James Brennock dwell at the making hereof, according the meares and
markes of the said howses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, Also I bequeath and leave to my said son
Nicholas a parke called lawles is parked purchased also and bought by me for my
money, according to the meares and markes thereof. To him and to his heirs the
said three howses or tenaments and thes aid parke with all and singular
comodities profits and appurtenances of them and any of them to the said
Nicholas White and his heires males of his bodie lawfully begotten or to be
begotten to the use and behalf of them and every of them forever, yielding and
paying yearly to me the said heir or to mine heires IIIIs of good lawfull
courant money of Ireland. And if the said Nicholas White doe fortune to departe
this present life without heires males of his bodie lawfully begotten or to be
begotten then I will that the remaineder of the said tenements parkes shall be
to my said son John White and to his heirs males lawfully begotten for ever. In
witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name and put my seale- henry
White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Being present at the sealeing and ferming hereof Those
whose names insu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Mighell Bray, Richarde White, Nicholas Whyte<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White being a minor at the death of his father in
1577, his wardship was granted to Sir William Drury. He died unmarried,
probably in his minority, for the estate passed to the second son Nicholas. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The pedigree of the family until they were overwhelmed
in the Cromwellian and Williamite ruin, is as follows:<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pierce White and wife Anastasia Comerford appear to
have had sons David, Robert, James, Nicholas, Thomas, Rev. John, and Stephen
(not in that order- see records below), and possibly Pierce had a brother
Thomas who has sons Patrick and Nicholas (near relatives).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Records:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Fiants of Elizabeth: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1573- David White fitz Pierce and Sabina</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> his wife; <b>Nicholas White fitz
Pierce</b> merchant;.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1577- Edward Quirke and <b>Peter White</b>- to pay a fine of a cow each.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1601- <b>Pierce
White fitz David</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Ancient Burgesses of Clonmel in 1640:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White fitz Richard fitz David</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">David White of Russelstowne</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> in ye Co. of
Waterford<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pages 457+<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">CLONMEL NOTABLES: Author writes a biography of two
notable Whites: <b>Stephen and brother
Thomas.</b> The bios have the following information on these two men:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">FR. THOMAS WHITE S.J.,</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> the elder brother,
was born c 1556-58- died 1622. The bio states that his brother was sovereign of
Clonmel and was deposed from office in 1606 as a recusant- (viz. ? <b>Nicholas White)</b> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Their mother was Anastasia Comerford of Waterford.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Another <b>brother,
James White was Vicar Apostolic of Waterford</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">He was uncle of Peter White S.J.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">His near <b>kinsmen
were Patrick and Nicholas White, (sons of Thomas, named in James I’s Charter of
Clonmel 1609)</b> who were heavily fined for not attending Protestant services.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Fr Thomas White S.J. was instrumental in founding the
Irish College of Salamanca, asking King Phillip of Spain to fund it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">STEPHEN WHITE</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, <b>brother of Thomas White</b>, one of the
greatest scholars of an age distinguished for its learning, was born in Clonmel
in 1574. <b>He was the son of Pierce/Peter
White</b> and <b>brother of James White,
Vicar Apostolic of Waterford</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Educated at Salamanca, he obtained his Doctorate of
Divinity in 1606, and became a professor of theology at the Universities of
Ingolstadt and Dilingin in Germany, teaching the sons of German, Austrian and
Hungarian nobility and gained a renowned reputation. He left Germany in 1622
for the Province of Champagne and taught at Pont a Mousson and Metz for 7
years. In 1629 he returned to Ireland where he spent the remainder of his life
teaching at a Jesuit house in Dublin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">**</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">-<b>The Third
White family:</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The following in the will of <b>John White (1615 Whyte, John fitzGeffrey) , the first mayor of Clonmel</b>,
a notice of whose tomb has been given previously:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In the name of God, Amen. I <b>John White fitzGeffrey of Clonmel, Alderman</b>, being sicke in body
yet of perfect mynde and memorie thanks be to God do make my last will and testament
in maner following. First I commend my sole to God Almightye my creator and
redeemer and my body to be buryed in Saint ffrancis abbey in myne ancestors
burial. I doe appint <b>Benett Whitt my son
and heire and my sones Thomas and Michele White</b> myne executors together
with <b>my wife Alson White</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I leave and bequeath to my son <b>Thomas White</b> to hym and to his heires
mayle of his body lawfully begotten and to be begotten the house where <b>Christopher Whit</b> some tyme dwelled and
the house with his backe side wherein Geffrey Baron some tyme dwelled with all
the other land belonging to the same and whereof the said Baron had a layse of
my father and a parcke or orchard called Garrymorran adjacent the wales of
Clonmel. I leave and bequeath to the said <b>Thomas
and Michele White</b> all such lands as are to be past unto me bey grant from
his Majestie by Sir James Carroll and proctore piers to be equally divided
between them and to the heires mayle of their bodyes successively except such
parcells as are situat in Kilnalonqurty which I do will and bequeath to my son
in law John Haly and his son Nicholas Haly their hieres and assignes for ever. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I doe will and bequeath to my son <b>Michel White</b> and to his heires mayle of
his body the houses where <b>Stephen White,
James White fitz David</b> now is dwelling with the rents and reversions
thereof with the premises aforesaid as is sayde, together with the houses
wherein Richard Stretch, John Ffowlow now dwells in Clonmel, the remyndre of
all the said premises to my son and heire <b>Benett
White</b> and the heires mayle of his body, the parcells by me formerly devised
to John Haly and his son only excepted. The saide <b>Thomas and Michel</b> and their heires rendring payment yearly to my
said son and heire <b>Benett</b> and his
heires VIId sterling every of them per ann. for and out of the said lands
hereby devised.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I bequeath to my <b>wife Alson White</b> over and besides the foresaid the two mylles
beyond the bridge called Ffahys mylles, for and duringe her natural lfyye.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I doe leave and bequeath to my <b>daughter Ann White</b> the sum of one
hundred and forty pounds towards her preferment and advancement to marriage
with which I do chardg all my lands. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I doe leave and bequeath that mine executors
shall pay unto my son in law John Haly the remayne of such marriage goods as I
promised unto him.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I doe leave unto my <b>son Thomas</b> the arreare of what witherto accrued upon his house in
our Ladye Street wherein John Prendergast now dwelleth. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I appointe <b>Mr
Patrick White, mayor of Clonmel, Nicholas White fitzHarry, Richard White
fitzNicholas</b>, and John Haly Trustees and overseers of this my last will and
testament and my said childrens estate, and that thereof the profits and issues
of my said land in their discretions shall take only for the bearing of the
said marriage goods of the said Ann White. I leave and bequeath to my <b>daughter Johan</b> her filial portion of
any I promised unto her.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, to my son in law John Haly my black siylke
goune.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I leave all the cowes and calfs for my wife and
to my daughter Ann White.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, to my <b>brother
in law Patrick White</b> a token of the next return as my wife shall choose. I
leave to my son and <b>heire Benett White</b>
to be continued in the house as principal heirelooms, and for filial portion a
great pan, a scarlett goune, a measuuige pan, a great kettle and other such
like implements as shall be thought good to my said Trustees and overseers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I charge myne executors to satisfye all my clear
debts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I leave to the discretion of my wife to bestowe
a token of good will in my name upon my <b>brother
in law Nicholas White </b>of the next return<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, I leave that the house and the kyll in the abbay
lane which was engaged by <b>my brother
Patrick White</b> for xxxli. Sterling, and by my selfe redeemed to said Patrick
according my father assignment to him, he paying xxxli. Towards the preferment
I have assigned for my daughter Ann before he shall have any claim to said
premises.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item, my will is that <b>my brother</b> <b>Benett White</b>
shall enjoy the benefit of his farme devised upon him by my father. And for any
other deattes or doubt I refer it to be ended by the discretion of my said
Trustees or overseers. In witness whereof I have hereunto putt my hand and
seale. Dated at Clonmel the XII of May 1614- <b>JOHN WHYTE</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">This last will and testament was made and declared
before us the undernamed persons:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pat Whyte mayor of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicolas White<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John Haly<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Bennett Whyte<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Patrick White<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">NB. the White coat of arms with a chevron engrailed between three roses, two and one</span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">PARLIAMENTARY REPRESENTATIVES OF CLONMEL<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pp314-317<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">For a period of two centuries subsequent, there is no
evidence that Clonmel was represented in parliament. Down to the middle of
Elizabeth’s reign that assembly in Ireland was a rather shadowy one, and it is
yet a question how far the summons lists, even of Tudor times, represent the
actual attendance. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The parliament of 1541 enacted that members should be
resident in the counties or boroughs for which they have been elected. Hence
the first representatives of Clonmel were all natives of the town:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1559, January- Henry White, Clonmell,</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> and John Stritche, Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Stritches gave their name to the island in the
river north of Suir Island. John Stritch was sovereign of the borough
1539-1543. In a list of the freeholders of the Cantred of Clonmel, he is set
down as holding an estate of £20 a year.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> was head of the
senior branch of the family at this period. He resided in Lough Street, where
he died 5 August 1577. An inquisition held 13 Nov., 19 Elizabeth, found that he
was seized of 60 messuages in the town and suburbs of Clonmel; of a water mill
on the Suir; of 300 acres “in the plains near Clonmel”; of 6 acres great
measure in the land of Fethard called Robages land.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1585, April</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- <b>Geffrey White, Clonmell</b>, John Bray, Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Geoffrey White was sovereign of Clonmel 1581-2, 1586-7, 1589-90</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. His name occurs in a protest made in parliament against the attainder
of Desmond, until Ormond’s right to lands escheated in the liberty of
Tipperary, should be secured. By his wife Anastasia Comerford, he was father of
John White, first mayor of Clonmel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The name De Bray occurs in the Anglo-Irish records
from the first invasion. In 1552, a ‘grant of English liberty’ was made to
Edmond O’Brohe’ of Clonmel with his children.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1613, April 16<sup>th</sup>- Nicholas White, Gent., Clonmell</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, John Bray, Gent., Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">As this parliament was to determine the great issue
not only of the confiscation of Ulster, but of the enactment of penal laws
against the Catholics, the representatives chosen by the Clonmel freeholders,
were evidently picked men. During the two previous years, the English
authorities were carefully manufacturing the constituencies. But Sir Richard
Moryson, Vice-President of Munster, In October 1611, had to report of Clonmel
“No hope of any conformable”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> was second son <b>of Henry White</b>, member in 1559. He was
the wealthiest burgher of the period, and throughout the reign of James I,
suffered most from religious persecution. The epithet “constant” applied to him
therefore by his widow, was not an empty one. He died 30 August 1622.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John Bray was son of John, member in 1585, and cousin
to Nicholas White, his will proved in 1632.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1634, June 19<sup>th</sup>- Henry White, Gent, Clonmel</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, Geffrey Barron, Gent., Clonmel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White was son of Nicholas White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. He was mayor of Clonmel 1639, and died about 1642, leaving a <b>son Nicholas</b> who was transplanted to
Connaught in 1654.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Geoffrey Barron was expelled from parliemtn in Dec
1634 by direction of Lord Stafford<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1639, February</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- William Smith and
Richard Gethings.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">After the succession of Catholic James II in 1685.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1689, May 7<sup>th</sup>- Nicholas White, alderman</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, John Bray, alderman<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In this, the parliament of James II, the Anglo-Irish
burghers of Clonmel make their last appearance in history. <b>Nicholas White</b> is the first name on the list of aldermen contained
in the new charter granted to the twon in 1687. He may be identified with
“Nicholas White, Stritch”, living in 1676 in Lough Street, east side. If so, he
was <b>son of</b> <b>Soloman White, and grandson of Thomas Stritch</b>, mayor of Limerick,
hanged by Ireton on the surrender of that city 27<sup>th</sup> October 1651.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">AFTER THE SUCCESSION OF JAMES II<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 108<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The following were named in the new <b>Charter to Clonmel</b> as the governing
body to come into existence 29 Sept 1688<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Mayor-</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> James Butler, merchant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Bailiffs-</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Richard Bennison, merchant;
Patrick Brennock, merchant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Aldermen:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas White, gent<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Others: Morre, Bray, Comerford, Meade, Root, Vaughan,
Butler jnr, Boyton, Hickey, Stanley, Collett, Brennock, Whitehand<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Free Burgesses, including:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White, Nicholas White, Nicholas White fitzJames, Thomas White…<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Recorder- </span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir Theobald Butler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Town Clerk and Protonotary- </span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James Butler fitz James<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">King James a week after his arrival in Dublin summoned
a parliament of a kingdom only yet half subdued. Clonmel returned as its
representatives: <b>Aldermen Nicholas White</b>
and John Bray, while among other members for the county we find Butlers,
Purcells, Everards and Tobins, all belonging to families that had gone through
40 years of plunder and persecution. One of the first acts was a wholesale
attainder of the Cromwellian settlers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Register of Priests of Tipperary, 11 July 1704- 62 in
number including <b>Luke White, son of John
White, Mayor of Clonmel</b> during Cromwellian siege- were required to take the
oath of abjuration before 25 March 1710<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P133-135<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">DIRECTORY OF CLONMELL, 1787<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">White Henry</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, haberdasher, Main
Street<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">White, James</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, haberdasher and
merchant, Main Street<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">White, Agnes</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, tobacconist,
Irishtown<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">THE EARLIEST RECORDS OF WHITES IN CLONMEL<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(Page 8-12)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pipe Rolls (3&4) of Edward I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">A list of 22 baronial feuds drawn up about <b>1240 </b>with services payable to the King
at time of War is found in the Pipe Rolls (the services were generally
proportioned to the value and extent of the lands conveyed, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">eg. Theobald
Butler, 22 services; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Richard de Burgh 18 Knights’ services, a half and a
third; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">William of Worcester 9 services, a half):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">From <b>Thomas
White, a half service<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The three great feudarii created numerous <b>sub-infeudations</b>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Under the Butlers- were Purcells, Graces, Morrises,
Boytons, Fannings and others<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Under the Worcesters (& their inheritors De
Berminghams)- were Keatings, St Johns Mocklers, <b>Tobins (St Aubyn),</b> Mandevilles, Heneberys, Prendergasts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In 1242 Maurice Fitzgerald, justiciary, was ordered to
cut down the wood of <b>Thomas St Aubym in
the pass of Comsy</b>, between Fethard and the marches of Ossory, “that a safe
way might be opened for merchants and wayfarers the King having heard that many
persons peaceably passing there had been
killed and others robbed”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Earliest documentary reference to Clonmel occurs
about 1215.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">THE TUDOR PERIOD<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(Page 21) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Amongst the Irish Kern brought to the siege of
Boulogne in 1544 by lords Ormond and Cahir were Purcells, Fannings,
Fitzwilliams, Cantwells, Archers, Keatings, Dobbyns, <b>Whites</b>, Rothes, Walls and a host of others.<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Page 24) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In 1537, a Royal Commission was issued to inquire into
the state of Ireland<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Charges by citizens of interference with their trade:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- they fynde that Shane
FitzTybbalde Burke of Mowsky (Clanwilliam) makyth his proclamations that no
market may be solde nor shalle not be solde out of his shyre but to <b>Jamys White</b> and Edmund Quirke and then
paying every of them a fine ten shillings yerely.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Item</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- they fynde <b>that Jamys White merchaunte</b> useith and hathe graye merchaunts
regrateing the market, <b>Thomas White</b>
and John Merthye useeyth the same. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(Gray merchants went through the country buying
“hides, skins, checkers, fleges, yarn, linen cloth. wool and flockes” secretly
and not in open market, with the evil intent to sell them again.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(page 37)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Sir William
Drury wrote: “the students of Ireland that come from Louvain are the merest
traitors and breeders of treachery that liveth. Whereof they are in these parts
about Waterford and Clonmel four principal prelates. <b>John White</b> is worshipped like a God between Kilkenny and Waterford
and Clonmel. He suborneth all the dwellers of those parts to detest the true
religion stablished by her Majesty.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">THE ELIZABETHAN PERIOD<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 39<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Letter from Robert Rochfort<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">On the eve of Easter Sunday in the year 1585, <b>Victor White</b> <b>one of the principal men of the town</b>, a pious Catholic obtained
from the governor of the gaol the favour of having the priest (Fr Kenrachtin)
spend the night at his house. But the governor secretly advised the President
of Munster an English heretic who was then in town, that if he wanted to catch
the principal men of the place hearing mass he could easily do so at the house
of Victor White early next morning, bargaining at the same time for the price
of his shameful treachery. At the hour appointed the soldiers rushed on the
house. They seized Victor, the rest hearing the noise got away. Victor who
could never be brought to the heretic conventicles tough he had suffered much,
would not betray the priest and was therefore imprisoned. And he would no doubt
have suffered the extreme penalty of the law if the priest hearing of his peril
had not freely surrendered to the President, who passed sentence of death.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(Victor White lived in Moreton Street- subsequent to
the capture of Fr Kenrachtin in Victor’s house, it was termed ‘Martyr Lane-
p57)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 273 Note gg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Inquisition taken in Clonmel 19 Sept 1589</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, found that Edmund Butler, late Archbishop of Cashel, and Commendatory
Prior of St Edmund the Martyr at Athassel, before the dissolution of the said
monastery was seized in right of said priory, of one messuage and appurtenances
in Clonmel where at present <b>Beale White,
Widow</b>, and <b>Victor White fitzJames</b>
are living, which messuage extends lengthwise from the street in the north to
the Suir in the south; of four gardens- one lying at Lough Gate, east of
Barior, two others west of Lough Gate and Barior, the fourth extending from
Walter Wall’s land on the west to the Royal Road on the east; of a piece of
land in Richards Park from the Royal Road on the east to the land of <b>Henry White</b> on the north, to <b>Richard White’s</b> land on the south, and
from the highway on the west to the land of <b>Henry White</b> on the east; of three acres lying west of the Cashel
Road adjoining <b>Henry White’s</b> lands;
of two acres and a stang in the north part of Bwolicke called Bwoin; of a stang
alongside the Fethard Road in the east; all which possessions the said prior
with the consent of the community previous to the dissolution of the priory by
deed under the monastic seal bearing date 8 August 1538, <b>granted to James White of Clonmel, merchant</b>, and his assignes for
the term of one hundred years reserving a certain rent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Charter of James I, <b>1608</b>: as the whole population were constructive rebels, people
secured their civil rights against martial law by obtaining ‘pardons’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The following pardons from <b>Clonmel appear in the Fiants of Elizabeth</b>: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1573</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- <b>David White fitz Pierce and Sabina his wife</b>; <b>Nicholas White fitz Pierce</b> merchant; <b>Richard White fitz James</b> yeoman. Each of these to pay a fine of one
fat cow.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1577-</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Edward Quirke and <b>Peter White</b>- to pay a fine of a cow
each.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1583</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- <b>Thomas White fitz Walter</b> and Katherine his wife<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1601</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- <b>Pierce White fitz David</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1603</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- <b>John White</b> late sheriff of Co Waterford, <b>Solomon White</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">PERIOD 1603-1641<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(page 43-44)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1609-</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <b>James White and Bennet White, merchants of Clonmel</b>- in Cadiz
(Clonmel merchant venturer, sold their merchandise, such as tallow, hides, salt
beef and pork, in Spanish or French ports, and then purchased wine, salt, hemp,
silk, tapestry or other fine stuffs for return journey. (In the Yougall records
is a sort of commercial treaty by which one of the Whites was enabled to ship
his wares free of the port dues there.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1614, Benedict White fitz John</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> set up in Suir Island, a mill for the tucking and finishing of coarse
woollen stuffs (a prohibition on the export of wool stimulated manufacture at
home)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1614 </span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">following <b>licenced to keep taverns in Clonmel</b> (despite prohibition on
manufacture and sale of beer, strong waters and the like):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James White, merchant, and Victor White his son<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Richard White, merchant<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White, merchant<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(page 44)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White fitz Thomas, draper</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, <b>died 1614</b>: An<b> inventory</b> of my goodes and chattels
(Prerogative Wills, PRO)- <i>First a big
olde measinge pan. A silver standing cupp or noll. A newe table board. A new
carpeleade. A prasneath. Ffowre pewter dishes. Two pattingers. A flocke bed, a
paire of sheets, fifty five settes, three shags, ffovrte ordynaries, one
hundred and thirty yards frize, six peeces of checkes, eighteen poundes in
moneye, ten barrels oaten malte, three barrels barley malte. There is also due
to me of Mr Nicholas White fitz Henry, 8 li sterling as by our mutual deede
indated more at large may appeare. Itm- I have in shop wares by myne estimation
ye value of 40 shillings sterling. Itm- a cheste price seven shill. Sterling.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Patent and Close Rolls of James I and Charles I-
mortgages of extensive estates made to P<b>atrick
White fitz Thomas, James White fitz Robert, etc </b>As the interest on these
mortgages varied from 15 to 30 %, foreclosure was the sequel; the mortgage
there for was but the transition stage to landed proprietorship. Accordingly in
the next generation the representatives of these merchants appear in the “Book
of Distribution” as forfeiting Landowners (eg. <b>Michael White fitz Bennet of Mylerstown, Francis White, Chancellorstown</b>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">WILLS:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Catherine White fitz Thomas- 1625<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">I doe leave and bequeath unto my daughter Bess my best chaine and my
best Juell. I distribute the rest of my Juells, chaines, Ringes with all my
bodilie apparel upon my brothers, sisters and their children, my foster mother
and my nurse and some poor kinder women of myne.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James White fitz Robert- 1622<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">I will and devise to my said <b>wife
Catherine Power</b> all my pewter, brass, lynen, candlesticks, householdstuff,
catle, her Jeuells, ringes and cahine of gould and all my goods and chatells my
plate only excepted.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Early 1600’s</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ( near the death of
Ormond)- Tried to enforce the sovereign and principal burgesses to attend the
Protestant service. When they refused, <b>John
White fitz Geoffrey</b> was deprived of the sovereignty.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, a cousin of his
grace, Catholic Primate of Armagh- White’s mother Anastasia Comerford of
Waterford was the Primate, Lombard’s aunt), the brother of <b>Fr Thomas White S.J</b>. was deprived of the sovereignty of Clonmel
because he would not go to church with the president. With nine other Clonmel
and Cashel citizens were kept in Cork gaol ever since to the very great loss of
their business.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 51-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Everyone was bound to attend the Protestant service in
his parish church every Sunday and holiday. The penalty for absence was 12d.
which in practice came to 10s. <b>The names
of recusants</b> were furnished by the Protestant ministers and bills of indictments
were framed thereon. But the Grand Jurors, being all Catholics, refused to take
part in the persecution and threw out the bills. Proceedings were taken against
the Jurors.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1613, May 7</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- James Braye, Wm
Brenoche, Walter O’Mulryan and <b>Thomas
White</b> members of a Jury impanelled in Feb last at Clonmel in the County of
Tipperary before Chief Baron Methwold and Garrald Loather Esq, Justice of
Common Pleas as Justices of Assize- to pay a fine of £40 English apiece and to
be imprisoned during pleasure for refusing to join with the rest of the jury in
representing as recusants those inhabitants of Clonmell certified as such by
the minister of the parish.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">May 7-</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Pierce Butler of Knockgraffon,
Richard Purcell of Loughmore and <b>John
Tobin of Killogh</b> members of the Jury Impanelled at Clonmel in Feb last
before Chief Baron Methwolde and justice Loather- to pay a fine of £200 English
apiece and the rest of the jury £40 apiece and all of them to be imprisoned at
pleasure for refusing to present as recusants divers of the parishioners of
Lisronagh (8 kms N of Clonmel) upon the testimony of one Dybsall a minister,
having no other reason to give but that it was against their conscience which
answer this Court did absolutely reject and disallow.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1616 May 8- Bennet White, Mayor of Clonmell</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, to be fined £20 and imprisoned
during pleasure for executing his office without having taken the oath of
supremacy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">page 57<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Victor White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> lived in Moreton
Street which became Martyr Lane after the capture of Fr Kenrachtin in his
house. In Lough Street on the east side lived the <b>senior branch of the White family</b> represented at this period by <b>John White fitz Bennet.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">On 5 May 1578</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> a grant of the whole
was made to George Moore ‘in consideration of his services during the wars in
Scotland and Ireland’.- described as “the messuage and garden lying between the
holding formerly of William Fagan on the north, the holdings formerly of <b>Richard White,</b> Walter Wall, <b>Henry White</b> and Peter Hanraghan on the
south, Lough Street on the west, and the common wall of the town on the east.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P58<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">A stone slate house built about <b>1624 </b>by the Commons of Clonmell, upon a part of their Common land,
and sett apart for an Hospitall for old, impotent, decayed inhabitants of
Clonmell.” This owed its existence to the charity of <b>James White fitzRobert</b> whose <b>will
dated 29<sup>th</sup> June 1622</b> contains the bequest: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">“Item, I will, bequeath and demise of the moneyes due to me of John
fitzGerald of Dromany in the Co. of Waterford Esqr towards the building of the
poore house or hospital in Clonmell aforesaid the sum of fortie pounds sterling</span></i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. (Prerogative Willis PRO).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 218- <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Charter of Clonmel in sixth year of reign of James I -1609)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In part:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The said Body be Incorporated, and composed of good,
lawful and honest persons, by the assent aforesaid, for us, our heires and
successors, do make, constitute and ordain, <b>John White FfitzGeffrey</b>, <b>Mayor</b>
of said town or Borrough of Clonmel, for and during one whole year, beginning
from the feast of St Michael ye Archangel next coming, AND we also make,
constitute and ordaine, by these presents <b>James
White FfitzRichard</b> and <b>Joseph White
Ffitz Lawrence</b>, <b>Bayliffs </b>of ye
said town or Borrough for ye said year,
and Pierce Bray, <b>Nicholas White
FfitzHenry, Patrick White Ffitz Thomas</b>, Thomas Goagh, <b>James White Ffitz Robert</b>, <b>Richard
White</b>, John Bray, Nicholas Wall, Leonard Creaghe, Edmond Wall, <b>Thomas White</b>, Thomas Roche, <b>Nicholas White Ffitz Thomas</b>, James
Daniel, Pierce Bray, <b>Mellchior White</b>
and <b>Benedict White FfitzGeffry</b> being
the best and discreetest men of and in ye said town or Borrough, which free
Burgesses being 17 together with the Mayor and Bailliffs for the time being,
shall make the common council of the town, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Boyle’s Diary- Jan 1615</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, my Cozen <b>John White ffitzGeffrey of Clonmel</b> owes
me that I lent himself £31. 10s. sterling, and to his son <b>Bennett </b>in England other £8…… my cozen <b>Alsen White and her son Bennett Whyte</b> owe me by their bill £20.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">THE 1641-49 CATHOLIC CONFEDERATION REBELLION & CROMWELL’S INVASION
IN 1650 & CONSEQUENCES FOR CATHOLICS IN IRELAND<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P62<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">At the beginning of <b>January 1642</b>, the keys of the town were handed over by the <b>mayor John White</b> to the Irish
commander, Richard Butler of Kilcash. One of the first acts of the confederates
in Clonmel, as in the other towns, was to give possession of the old churches
to the Catholics. Thomas White was duly instituted Catholic Vicar of St Mary’s,
where members of his family had long ministered, and where many generations of
them lay buried.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">On <b>24 October
1642</b> the confederate parliament met in Kilkenny, the representatives for
Clonmel being <b>John White</b> and
Geoffrey Barron.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P63 Richard Bellings, secretary to the Confederate
Council, complained bitterly that Clonmel was entirely devoted to the nuncio.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In August 1646, a treaty was concluded between Ormond
and the Anglo-Irish, only two prominent citizens, <b>John White fitzBennet and Thomas White fitzRichard</b> declared
themselves in favour of the treaty.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P78<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Articles made between the Lord Lieutenant and the Inhabitants thereof
touching the rendition thereof, May 18, 1650</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">It is granted and agreed by and betwixt the Lord
Lieut. Genll Cromwell on the one part and <b>Mr
Michael White</b> and Mr Nicholas Betts Comrs. Entrusted in the behalf of the
towne and garrison of Clonmel on the other parte as Follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">1st- The said town and garrison of Clonmell with the
arms, ammunicon and other furniture of war that are now therein shall be
rendered and delivered up into the hands of his Excellency the Lord Left. by
eight of the clock this morning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">2<sup>nd</sup>- That in consideration thereof the
inhabitants of the said towne shall be protected their lives and estates from
all plunder and violence of the soldiery and shall have the same rights
libertye and proteccon as other subjects under the authoritie of the Parliament
of England have or ought to have and injoy within the dominion of Ireland<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">O. Cromwell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P87<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Whites had been for centuries rulers of Clonmel</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. Proud of their old English blood, they from time to time victualled
the royal forces operating against the Irish, and entertained the
representatives of English authority who visited the town. At this period the
head of the senior branch was Nicholas White. His father Henry had been a
member for the borough in the parliament of 1634, and his grandfather Nicholas
in that of 1613. Educated abroad, on the death of his father in 1642, he came
into the inheritance of a considerable portion of the town (estimated by
Ormond’s agent, Jn Walsh, to be £300 a year. At present about 10 times that
sum. Carte Papers, xliv.40). In 1641 when the war broke out he had not
returned, and throughout all the troubles maintained a strict neutrality-
“lived indifferentlie” as was stated. After the siege of Clonmel, Ireton took
compassion on him. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">“<b><i>Nicholas White sonne of Henry White late of
Clonmell Esqr, decd</i></b><i>., whom being
in his Minority, and residing in France in the beginning of the late rebellion,
the late Lord Deputy Ireton <b>ordered 30
li per annum to be allowed out of his father’s estate</b>” (Return of the
Revenue of Clonmel 31 Oct 1653/4, PRO). </i>But as he had lived in the Irish
quarters he was unable to prove “constant good affection” to the Parliament
which was at war with his King and proscribed his religion. So on the 19<sup>th</sup>
December 1653, he appeared before the Cromwellian commissioners:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(No 130) By the Commissioners of Revenue for the Precinct of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">We the said Commissioners doe hereby certify that <b>Nicholas White of Clonmell</b> aforesaid in the County of Tipperary
esquire, hath upon the 19<sup>th</sup> day of December 1653 in pursuance of a
Declaration of the Commissioners of the Commonwealth of England for the Affairs
of Ireland, bearing date the 14<sup>th</sup> day of October 1653 delivered unto
us in writing a particular containing therein the names of himself and of such
other persons as are to remove with him, with the quantity and quality of their
respective stocks and tillage, the contents whereof are as followeth:<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">31 persons, 29 acres of winter corn, 17 cows, 3
yearlings, 20 garrons.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The substance whereof we conceive to be true. In witness whereof we have
herewith set our hand and Seals the 19<sup>th</sup> day of December 1653<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sol. Richards, Chas Blount, Hen. Parish<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">A few days after Christmas, <b>Nicholas White</b> on his way to Connaught took a last look from the
heights of Ardgeeha (part of Clonmel), at the town and fields, the home of his
fathers over which he roamed as a boy and ruled as man. Having got his
allotment <i>de bene esse</i> or temporary
assignment, from the Commissioners at Loughre and built his cabin, he there
waited until the 25 March 1656, when by decree of the Court of Athlone, he was
granted 1004 acres amid the desolate rocks of West Clare. Here he pined during
the 4 following years until on the news of the King’s restoration he made his
way back to Tipperary. As the Cromwellians in possession would not admit him
back to the town, and there was a proclamation ordering the escaped Irish back
to Connaught, he took a small farm on the sloe of Slievenamon whence he might
behold his old home. From there he addressed several petitions to the Duke of
Ormond to be restored. The only reply he received was official sympathy, and so
step by step he sank into pauperism. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The following is the last we learn of this broken
gentleman of Clonmel:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">To his Grace the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. The humble <b>Petition of Nicholas White Esqr</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Humbly shewith. That your Grace on your Petitioners condition in regard
that your petitioners Estate (formerly belonging unto him) in the town of
Clonmell and liberty thereof is conferred upon your Grace, and your petitioner
having no place to live in was forced to take the farm of Gannaggibbon at the
great Rent which your petitioner by the sale of stock and scarcity of moneys is
no way able to pay (without taking your petitioners five milk cows being the
only relief of himself and his family). Your Grace may be therefore pleased out
of your great piety and pity to give orders to your Receiver to Remit four and
forty pound Rent due for this last year and a half and this present year to
your Grace out of the said farm. Your petitioner being destitute of all means
to pay the same or any way to subsist<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">And your petitioner will ever pray etc.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(Carte Papers, Bodleian, lx. No 280. No date but among
the papers for 1663.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">There is no reference from Ormond on the petition; it
is probable that the “five milk cows” the only relief of himself and his family
were taken from him also.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Through the winter of 1653/4 the outcast landowners
and town folk with their tenants and dependents, their stock and household
goods passed in endless cavalcade westwards. In vain did they pray that their
flight might not be in winter and on the Sabbath. Yet even by the following
May, all were not ‘removed’. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Upon consideration had of the petition of the Inhabitants of the County
of Tipperary as are comprehended within the Act of Transplantation, and of the
Report of the Standing Committee of Officers thereupon. It is ordered that the
Officer commanding in chief at Clonmell be and he is hereby impowered to grant
License to such of the Petitioners as he shall think fit, for the space of 6
weeks from the date hereof while they are building their cabins in Connaught to
pass to and from between Connaught and Clare and the place where they are now
respectively reside. Provided they act nothing to the prejudice of the
Commonwealth. And it is further ordered that their wives and families, such as
have not been engaged against the Parliament interest, be dispensed with from
their transplantation for the space of six weeks aforesaid and hereof all whom
it may concern are desired to take notice.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Dublin 1 May 1654<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas Herbert Secretary (A 85, p314, PRO Dublin)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P90-91<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The plan for Ireland was to grant vacant place and
waste ground with the towns to persons professing the Protestant religion on
condition that they erected good and substantial houses thereon with 3 years
after the date of such grant. But in vain were these inducements held out;
soldiers would not turn their swords into ploughshares and the tradespeople of
Bristol and Exeter had heard evil reports of Teig and Phelim. Appeals were made
in England. The Popish recusants, it was said, were now cleared out of the
towns and not allowed within a distance of 2 miles. But in vain; only a few
came. The original scheme therefore of setting down an entirely new population
of English had to be abandoned.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Alone perhaps in the case of Clonmel, we are able to
judge how far the Cromwellian settlement was carried out in the towns of
Ireland. The poll money returns for 1660 still exist, afford a detailed picture
of the place in that year, the last of the Commonwealth.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Population: the number of adult persons resident
within the walls or town proper amounted to some 394. Outside were 476 of whom
204 were in Irishtown, 110 in the northern suburbs, 86 in the east and 76
beyond the bridge. As the total 870 included about 300 married women and widows
the gross population would be approximately 1000. Judging from the names, the
new settlers did not constitute quite a fifth of the whole. The Irish were
still in an overwhelming majority though reduced to utter impotence, social and
municipal. <b>All merchants, shopkeepers
and artizans of the birth of Ireland, such as had escaped Connaught of the
Barbadoes, were banished outside the walls.</b> There were two exceptions, due
probably to the character of their trade, one Edward Comerford of Bridge
Street, who imported Spanish wines, the other Walter Brennock an apothecary in
High Street. Servants, domestics and unskilled labourers in the employment of
Protestants were suffered to remain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Outside, the population was exclusively Irish, some
remnants of the old burgher families, <b>Whites,</b>
Walls and Barrons, being still distinguishable in the common mass. Further, not
only were the new settlers small in number, but fewer still belonged to the
mercantile class. There were Commonwealth officials, disbanded soldiers,
younger sons of good families and mere adventures. John Booker, a drysalter in
London, joined the Parliament army and as one of the ‘49’ officers (who served
in Ireland before 5 June 1649) he was allotted in payment of his services,
certain houses in <b>North Land, the former
property of Nicholas White</b>. Another, Samuel Foley, younger son of an iron
founder in Stourbridge, who held rank of captain, made his abode in the old
home of <b>John White fitzBennett in Boate
Street.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P96<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In Clonmel, the Cromwellian authorities still ruled,
Thomas Batty being mayor, and Major Francis Foulkes governor. The old burghers
who had returned from Connaught and elsewhere were neither permitted to trade
nor dwell within the walls. In vain did the King’s letter of 22 May 1661
authorize them to peaceably inhabit and trade, and confirm to them their former
corporate privileges. In vain did they petition the Lord Lieutenant Ormond to
re-enter the town. John Walsh, Ormond’s agent, recommended certain of their
number for favourable consideration, but to no purpose<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Those who submitted and constantly adhered to the Peace of ‘48’:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Ffrancis White fitzPatrick<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White fitz Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Michael Oge White<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Michael White fitz Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James White fitz Nicholas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White fitzMichell<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">And others, Stritch, Leynagh, Conry, Wall, Donoghow,
Rochae, Bray, Brennock,. Swyny, Morrohow, Betts, Mulrony and English<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Those who by their early repentance redeemed their former failings by
submitting to the cessation in ’43 to the peace in ’46 to the Cessation with
the Earl of Inchiquin and upon all other occasions manifested their good
affection to this Majesties service:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White fitzBennett of Clonmel</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> 200 li per annum. (estimated
property)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White fitzRichard of Clonmell</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> 70 li per ann.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Those who from the beginning lived indifferently and were of known good
affection to his Majesties service and died before the Cessation in ’43:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White of Clonmell and Nicholas White his son</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, 300 li per ann.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">All hope was cut off by <b>the Act of Settlement of 1662</b> which enacted that “the Corporations
of Ireland are now planted with English who have considerably improved at their
own charges, and brought trade and manufacture into that our Kingdom, the
disturbing or removing of which English would in many respects be very
prejudicial. (Section 15 of Declaration). And the<b> Act of Explanation 1665</b>, forbade even the sale of houses in
Corporations to “Papists or Popish recusants”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Lady Morris who had been previously married to <b>Bennet White fitz Geoffrey</b>, was
transplanted to Connaught in 1654 with her three young children Sir John, Harry
and Edmond. On the 22 Aug 1655, the Cromwellian court at Athlone assigned the
wretched woman 354 acres. After the restoration she obtained on 1 August 1663 a
decree of innocence and an order to enter upon the estate. She could not be
restored to the houses in Clonmel, being a Papist, and no reprise in lands
elsewhere would be granted her, having accepted from the Cromwellians lands in
Connaught. (decrees of Innocents Roll IX, Skin 82, PRO Dublin)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P98 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">While the restoration brought to his countrymen but
the extinction of their hopes, it raised Ormond to the pinnacle of wealth and
honour. Among the grants made to him was one of almost the entire town of
Clonmel. As lord of the manor he previously derived certain chief rents from
the burgesses. Now all feudal tenures, fee farm grants and leaseholds were
declared forfeited, and the town at its full improved value became his. The
estate, for example, of <b>John White</b>
was held by suit of court and a yearly rent of 22 s. Its value now may be
estimated from the fact that it consisted of 34 houses within the walls, and 21
without; 3 corn mills, one tucking mill with several gardens and parks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Case: The problems which arose in the administration
of the Acts were perplexing. Here is a local case:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Bennett White of Clonmell</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> in the County
of Tipperary long before the rebellion did mortgage unto Richard Earl of Corke,
the castle and town and lands of Maylarstowne (Milerstown) for 60 pounds and
died long before the Rebellion. <b>John
White his son</b> and heir entered and continued possession paying the interest
of the mortgage until ousted by the usurpers. Sithence which time the same is
disposed of by the now Earle of Cork it being not allotted to Adventurers or
Soldiers. The said castle and town are holder of James Duke of Ormond as of his
Manor of Clonmell<b>. John White is a
forfeiting person</b>.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The question is whether the Duke of Ormond may pay the
said mortgage money to the Earl of Cork, whether the said Earl be bound to
accept thereof. And whether the said Duke may enter by virtue of the King’s
Declaration and Act of Settlement which gives him the forfeiture of all lands
held of him? (Carte Papers XXIII. 157)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">TRANSPLANTATION AFTER CROMWELLIAN INVASION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 86<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(No. 129) By the Commissioners of Revenue for the Precinct of Clonmell</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">We the said Commissioners do hereby certify that <b>Thomas White fitzRichard of Clonmell</b>
aforesaid, in the county of Tipperary, freeholder, hath upon the seven and
twentieth day of January 1653/4 in pursuance of a Declaration of the
Commissioners of the Parliament of the Commonwealth of England for the affairs
of Ireland bearing date the 14 day of October 1653 delivered unto us in writing
a particular containing therein the names of himself and of such other persons
as are to remover with him, with the quantity and quality of their respective
stocks and tillage, the contents whereof are as followeth:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Seven persons, one cow, one yearling, two swine.</span></i></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> The substance whereof we conceive to be true.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and
seals the seven and twenty day of January 1653<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sol. Richards, Chs Blount, Hen. Paris<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In Robert C Simington’s, ‘Transplantation to
Connaught’, there are several Whites on the transplanted list, but <b>no Thomas White- maybe he had died- his
sons John and Michael</b>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The only Clonmel entries (p147):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas fitzHenry White of Clonmell</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, decreed 1004 acres (H 1,269) Barony of Lietrim, Co Galway: Parish of Ballynakill (No <b>15</b> on map of Galway), <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">David White of Rushtown, Waterford</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <b>(</b>Russellstown,
about 5 kms SW of Clonmel on the Tipperary/Waterford border<b>)</b> (also linked to Clonmel see Ancient Burgesses of Clonmel
further down), assigned 140 acres (H140) in Co. Clare Barony of Bunratty, Parishes
of Inchicronan (No <b>19 </b>on map) and Kilraghtis (No <b>59</b> on map) (assigned
12 Feb 1655/56) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Pierce White of Rushing?, Waterford </span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> (could be Rushdale, Clonmel- over the bridge on the River
Suir, in the southern suburbs of Clonmel, but probably Russelstown- Pierce White of Russelstown named as a proprietor in the 1656 Civil Survey of Tipperary with Robert Fleming of 282 acres at Upper Logh Kent near Widdingstown)<b>
</b>-given 3 assignments in County Clare: (a) 300 acres (H98) in Barony of Bunratty; (b) 300 acres (H24)
Barony of Inchiquin Parish of Dysert (No <b>14</b> on map); (c) Barony of Clonderalan Parish of
Kilmurry (No <b>53</b> on map)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b><u>Cromwellian Transplantation Maps- Simington</u></b></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b> No. 15 Lower right</b></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>No 19 Top centre,</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b> No. 59 below and adjacent to 19</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>No. 14 centre below 74, </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>No. 53 lower right between 71 and 29</b></span></div>
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(NB the other Whites transplanted came from Meath,
Kerry, Louth and Limerick and Kildare)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">POST RESTORATION<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P248-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <b>POLL MONEY BOOK 1661<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Borough of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White,</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Labourer- 2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Ellen his wife,</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> -2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, servant-2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nicholas White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> and Ellan his wife,
tobaccomonger -6s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Victor White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, polty ffarmour and
Katherine his fie- 8s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Anne White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> servant- 2s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Andrew White,</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Taylor -2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">South Suburbs of Clonmell<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas Toben, labourer -2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Ellan his wife, 2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Thomas White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, porter -2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Ellen his wife</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- 2s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Anastace White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, spinster,- 2s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">CLONMEL- CATHOLIC CHURCH ANDS ABBEY- BURIAL PLACES OF THE WHITE FAMILY<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 265<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <b>ST MARY’S CHURCH<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In the south aisle stood an altar dedicated to St
Michael the Archangel, the aisle itself being the chapel or chantry of <b>the White family</b>. There they prayed in
life, and at their death their bodies rested beneath its pavement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">, “burgess of the
towne of Clonemell” made his will <b>in
1577</b>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">“first I commend my soule to God almighty through the merits of Christes
passion and the intercession of his blessed mother, the Virgin Mary, and the
holy company of heaven, and my boddie to be buryed in the sepulture of mine
auncestors within the parish church of Clonemell”</span></i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. (Prerogative Wills, PRO)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Henry White fitz Thomas in 1614</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> commends his soul to <i>“the
almyghtie God, the Blessed Virgin Mary, and the whole company of heaven, my
boye to be buryed in myne ancestors burial within Saint Michaell’s Chappell in
the parish church of Clonmell aforesaid”. </i>(Prerogative Wills)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">James White fitzRobert in 1622</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> commands <i>“my soule to Almightie
God my maker and redeemer, and my body to the buryed in the sepulture of my
ancestors within the parish church of Clonmell”</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">This <b>James</b>
was, it seems, the last buried within the ancestral “sepulture”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Nineteen years before, on the death of Queen
Elizabeth, Catholic service had been performed in the church and <b>Father James White, Vicar Apostolic of
Waterford</b>, had offered Mass there. But in the interval Protestantism had
become firmly established. St Mary’s had passed irrevocably from the Catholics,
and the Whites would not commit their bodies to desecrated soil. Accordingly on
the <b>death of Nicholas White, the head of
the family, in 1622,</b> his widow began the erection of a mortuary chapel
immediately adjoining the south aisle, the old place of internment. This
appears to have been completed 10<sup>th</sup> May 1623, and on 23<sup>rd</sup>
December following, the body was exhumed and re-interred in the new Chapel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> A manuscript of
1813 in the PRO, gives the following account of the White Chapel:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In the summer of 1805, the <b>chapel
belonging to the</b> <b>White family</b>
(the ancient proprietors of Clonmel) which joined the SW corner (of the
church), was thrown down. This chapel was built upon vaults, and against its
southern wall inside was erected the family tomb and monument in form of a
Roman Catholic Altar, at which, it is said, their chaplain was accustomed to
celebrate Mass. About ten feet from the ground and over the tomb, was the arms
of the Whites- an escutcheon bearing three roses and the following distich,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">ET TRIAS EST NUMERO ET NATURA EST UNA COLORUM<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">EN UBI PRǢSIDIUM VITUS ET ARMA LOCAT.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Below this were ornaments of stone work like a canopy, on small marble
pillars and in the centre a long Latin inscription. Nothing remains now of this
chapel but the tomb and vaults beneath, the stones bearing these inscriptions
together with several other of its ornaments having been conveyed to a place
called Patrick’s Well about a mile to the west of Clonmel to mend an old Roman
Catholic Church for several years in ruins in a most romantic valley on the
estate of Simmons Sparrow Esq.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P266<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">To a recent writer we owe a more graceful if less
detailed description Clonmel Chronicle Oct 1877):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">At the SW corner of the present church of St Mary, a little
ecclesiastical edifice, in correct architectural style, stood for centuries,
and was known as the private chapel of the White family. It cannot be more than
70 or 80 years since its removal, after it had become unroofed, and had fallen
into complete decay. The appearance it presented in its ruined stage, was
described to us not long since by one who remembered to have looked when a boy
through its broken windows. He saw the long grass and rank vegetation that
choked up the interior, hiding partly from view the richly sculptured tombs and
tablets which, in silent language, seemed to tell the old, old story- “Sic
transit Gloria mundi”! Some of these monuments were carried off to enrich other
buildings, while the western window in the present porch of St Mary’s once
lighted the ancient chapel of the Whites.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">From the foregoing accounts, and the fragments
existing at St Patrick’s Well, there can be no difficulty in reconstructing the
mortuary chapel with its alter-tomb. The chapel apparently ran north and south;
its southern gable being ‘blind’, light was obtained from triple Tudor windows
in the sides. The hood-moulding of these windows terminated in fleur-de-lys and
the characteristic rose of the Whites. The altar, standing against the southern
gable, consisted of a table or slab which was supported in front by four
cylindrical columns on shallow bases and bearing three semi-circular arches.
Forming the reredos was the large inscribed stone with scrolls at the sides.
This supported a slab of similar size divided into three panels on which are
cut in low relief, the Virgin and Child, the Crucifixion, and the ascension
respectively. Crowning the whole was the deep sunk panel containing the family
arms and motto before described. On each side of the panel were placed the
classic finials which at present rest on the altar table. One third of the
inscribed slab is occupied by the sacred monogram in large interlaced test. In
the centre of this is reproduced in minute form the same monogram. It would
appear that this is a sort of heraldic way of symbolising the widow and heir as
founders.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 267 The inscription which occupies the remaining two
thirds of the stone is as follows:<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Detail on the tomb at St Patrick's Well</b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The White arms are carved in bold relief- a chevron
engrailed between three roses, two and one. Round the shield is stiff conventional
foliage, the tendrils pendant at the sides being would into double true-lovers
knots. The crest is a dexter arm in armour, couped at the shoulder, grasping a
branch with three roses. Underneath in Roman letters is the motto which, it may
be observed, is divisible into two verses, a hexameter and a pentameter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The following is a translation of the motto and
inscription:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Motto<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Trinity in number. Unity in Colour<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Herein White puts his faith and his arms<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Inscription<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Here lies Mr Nicholas White, esquire,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">A man known and beloved<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">For his piety, stauchness, refinement and excellence
of character;<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">He died 30<sup>th</sup> day of August, in the year of
Our Lord 1622.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">His body, on the 22<sup>nd</sup> day of December, in
the year of Our Lord 1623,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Was brought to this monument<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">From the chantry of his ancestors which faces the
north side of this chapel.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">May God have mercy on his soul.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Barbara White, his widow, and Henry White, his son and
heir,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Have built this chapel as a perpetual memorial of the
said Nicholas,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">And dedicated it to the holy name of Jesus and of His
Mother<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Blessed Virgin Mary.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">On the left of the reconstructed altar at St Patrick’s
Well is a panel with the White arms, beneath which is a skull and cross bones
and the motto “Memento Mori (Remember Death). Carved on the edge is “10 Maii
1623,” the probable date of the completion of the chapel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 268<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Within the south aisle of St Mary’s, the ancient “<b>sepulture” of the Whites, a tomb of the
family</b> may still be seen. It now forms part of the floor, but doubtless was
once inserted in the side wall. Its presence there is due to the fact that it
covered the remains of a member of the family interred when the Catholics again
had possession of the old church, 1641-1650. The flag measures about six by
three and a half feet. It has the usual floriated cross, and ranged along each
side are rudely carved symbols of the Passion, the scourges, pillar, spear,
ladder, seamless robe, etc. there are two escutcheons- one charged with the
White arms and the initials. I. W.; the other shows a lion passant gardant on a
chief indented- initials T.C. The inscription which is carried round the edge
reads:<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimRP-rpsSKbfogpV7LHYr8dfY57q7eJGfM43GzYAB3hDU0BhF-UPOfiFmvScDyqzdUqvPNcJRxblGdzNq-S6G6cTPgAwJYkeN_3OTEJYcRZry3b74IQdtgwACAB9fSoRvc1x-H8Ctb5H4/s1600/floor+tomb+of+John+White+1623.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimRP-rpsSKbfogpV7LHYr8dfY57q7eJGfM43GzYAB3hDU0BhF-UPOfiFmvScDyqzdUqvPNcJRxblGdzNq-S6G6cTPgAwJYkeN_3OTEJYcRZry3b74IQdtgwACAB9fSoRvc1x-H8Ctb5H4/s640/floor+tomb+of+John+White+1623.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Translation:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John White lies beneath this icy marble,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">As also the bones of his beloved wife Johanna,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">He was Mayor twice.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">First, during the viceroyalty of Wentworth.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Second, at the beginning of the Catholic confederate war.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">He died 26 August 1643<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The last member of the White family buried in the
mortuary chapel was probably <b>Ellen
Comerford nee White</b>, who in her will dated <b>23 August 1748</b> states,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <i>“I desire to be buryed in ye Whites Chapell.
If not roume there, I leave foreteen pounds for a toume stone”.<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUE1NDl3vzwWcrmogy7Sd1g38Uz36AHPdjFR_Hu-lgZneyQKOofsfzsnl9hdhFawa3GIn63rY8EDKlArqLPAS5rY86DJALN6gm5SdwURv3sILr9VHC1RCww66pP6WpQt7q3RPbT2sDn7s/s1600/Whites+Altar+Tomb+History+of+Clonmel.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="514" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUE1NDl3vzwWcrmogy7Sd1g38Uz36AHPdjFR_Hu-lgZneyQKOofsfzsnl9hdhFawa3GIn63rY8EDKlArqLPAS5rY86DJALN6gm5SdwURv3sILr9VHC1RCww66pP6WpQt7q3RPbT2sDn7s/s640/Whites+Altar+Tomb+History+of+Clonmel.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 300<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Franciscan House- St Francis Priory<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Franciscans established a permanent settlement at
Clonmel in 1269. Their first location was probably a simple hut close to the
river in the most obscure corner of town.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">P302<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Perhaps of even greater interest, though not so old,
was the <b>tomb of John White fitzGeoffrey,</b>
first mayor of Clonmel. This was removed from the church very many years ago to
St Mary’s Catholic church, where it may still be seen. It consists of a deeply
sunk panel, well moulded. In the centre are the White arms. For distinction
there are two angels as supporters. These are very crude, though their drapery
shows Renaissance influence. An esquire’s helmet, surrounded by pipey foliage,
is placed over the shield, the crest being an archer demy. The inscription is:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0pmDO3MQMZbPMBKkLVv_GIvCVrZ3ftz0DXcq3_NsMLyQ_ixKNkCqRpfR-00bc1KmqUn5WWhnKnjAb9cuJtBc0LEAUdxEi_dAyYHbFq-AL91oq4QtEFcmrP_O00idXw5V2eqSXNLhQIvc/s1600/tomb+of+John+White+fitzGeoffrey+1615.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0pmDO3MQMZbPMBKkLVv_GIvCVrZ3ftz0DXcq3_NsMLyQ_ixKNkCqRpfR-00bc1KmqUn5WWhnKnjAb9cuJtBc0LEAUdxEi_dAyYHbFq-AL91oq4QtEFcmrP_O00idXw5V2eqSXNLhQIvc/s640/tomb+of+John+White+fitzGeoffrey+1615.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Translation:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The arms of John White Esquire,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sometimes Seneschal of the County Palatine of
Tipperary,<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sheriff of the County of Waterford, First Mayor of
Clonmel.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">So the glory of the world passes away.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Benedict White heir of the said John, and Ellice<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Got this made 1615.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Page 274 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Parish Priests<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Sir Piers White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- at his request on 2<sup>nd</sup>
July 1526, an enquiry was held into the legitimacy of Thomas Levet, canon of
Holy Trinity Dublin. Levet was a native of Clonmel, and the evidence was taken
at St Mary’s Church before four priests, two clerks and a notary public.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Luke White</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">- was born in 1637
and was <b>the son of John White fitz
Benedict</b>, mayor during the Cromwellian siege. He was educated at Nantes
where he was ordained in 1659 by Dr Robert Barry, Bishop of Cork and Cloyne,
then a refugee there. He resigned the vicarage 16 January 1700.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b>ANCESTRY OF THE WHITES OF CLONMEL</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The richly sculptured burial tombs of the Whites of Clonmel were decorated
with the White arms carved in bold relief and was described as: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">a chevron engrailed between three roses, two and one.<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoIbw4U2JCe68n2NIeCXmAf-xyKgaRpUIdaB0txs7OW44X2VM70vb-preGftkF87Os7Lob2uIPk_TcslaIrqYB-vvfhiJjI14lFD0yHyzyxUHJeRWecPT6FyJQgLgqVZV7vtYxL-T5d_g/s1600/White+coat+of+arms+on+Clonmel+grave.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoIbw4U2JCe68n2NIeCXmAf-xyKgaRpUIdaB0txs7OW44X2VM70vb-preGftkF87Os7Lob2uIPk_TcslaIrqYB-vvfhiJjI14lFD0yHyzyxUHJeRWecPT6FyJQgLgqVZV7vtYxL-T5d_g/s320/White+coat+of+arms+on+Clonmel+grave.JPG" width="273" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>White arms on White alter grave in St Mary's Clonmel</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>compared with the Memorial in St Mary's Church in Leixlip (with White arms on the left and Moore on the right:</b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-czZg6-T-Rdx0QWyeWfIl7Wb9VWnXRax6Febp8VVHqNuXpkseWIbOJOfqdLxhJh-XghqLp3aWytxcXrkzHPL5hhM2gepGSROipJ01cXHQZCK9fWX70Oiet7W2dPVWmYcmAJneXMzoELw/s1600/White+memorial+in+St+Mary%2527s+Church+Leixlip+1654.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-czZg6-T-Rdx0QWyeWfIl7Wb9VWnXRax6Febp8VVHqNuXpkseWIbOJOfqdLxhJh-XghqLp3aWytxcXrkzHPL5hhM2gepGSROipJ01cXHQZCK9fWX70Oiet7W2dPVWmYcmAJneXMzoELw/s400/White+memorial+in+St+Mary%2527s+Church+Leixlip+1654.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Sir Nicholas White of Leixlip d.1654)</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">St Mary’s Church Leixlip has an ancient memorial (above) on
the wall in the chancel with the inscription:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">WHITE</span></i></strong><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> This Tombe was erected by the Lady Ursula White,
daughter of the Lord Moore. Here Lyeth the Bodis of Sr. Nicholas White, Knight,
deceased the 24th of Februarie 1654 and his son Nicholas White Esq., deceased
31st of Decembr 1664. </span></i><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-style: normal;">[in wall of
chancel]</span></em><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">As the arms are the same, one would assume that the Clonmel Whites were
from the same ancestral line as the Whites of Leixlip and of Kings Meadows in Co Waterford, breaking away from the
same branch at an earlier time, as Whites were recorded in Clonmel as early as
1388, and maybe the Philip White of Molcollop Co Waterford in 1235 and his brother Elias White whose son Geoffrey White acquired lands near Clonmel.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><b style="color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;">Conclusion-</b><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"> Our Whites living in the area between Clogheen and the border of Tipperary/Cork/Waterford in the early to mid 1800's, probably descended from either the Whites of Dromana which is only about 20 kms SE of Araglin, or the Whites of Clonmel.</span>
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comIreland53.41291 -8.243889999999964948.5614705 -18.571038499999965 58.264349499999994 2.083258500000035tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-22221096283565340262013-03-29T01:13:00.000-07:002014-08-21T00:06:25.114-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:12- daughters of Stephen & Mary<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Daughter <strong><span style="color: red;">KATHERINE TOBIN’</span></strong><span style="color: red;">S</span> life was outlined in Chapter 10.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This chapter deals with the lives of their other six daughters. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">MARY TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">MARY TOBIN</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> was born on 26 Apr 1858 in Gerringong, NSW.</span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> She died on 23 Dec 1938 in North Perth, WA.</span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> She married ALEXANDER MCPHERSON DUNCAN <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8 Jul 1900 at Menzies, West Australia,</span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No issue.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1889 Mary took over as Post Mistress of the Tallebudgera Post Office. For how long she stayed with the Postal Service is unknown, but she must have gone with her parents to Perth, and married Alexander Duncan in Menzies W.A.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The notice in the West Australian Thurs 12 July 1900 p.4:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"><em>Marriage</em></span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Arial;">DUNCAN-TOBIN- On the 8th inst. at Menzies by the Rev. W. Dooley, Alexander MacPherson Duncan, of Mount Malcolm, to Mary Tobin of Illawarra, Goderich street Perth.</span> </em><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The house 'Illawarra' was the home of her mother.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">How she met Alexander is unknown, but n</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">otably, Mary was 42 years of age when she married him. Her death certificate states she was a widow. There are three records of deaths of Alexander Duncans in the W.A. records:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">i) Alexander Duncan, d.1906, Beverley</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">ii) Alexander Duncan, d.1913 N. Coolgardie</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">iii) Alexander Dillon Duncan, d.1902 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">No information has been found on this marriage which appears to have been of short duration.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Mary was buried in Karrakatta cemetery with her sister Alice Hyde- Sect. HA, No. 0807.</span><br />
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial;"><strong><u>LOUISA TOBIN AND LILY TOBIN</u></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>LOUISA TOBIN</strong>, born in Gerringong, NSW, on 20 September 1861<u>,[</u><span style="color: blue;"><u>iv],</u> </span><span style="color: black;">and LILY MARGARET TOBIN, born in Tallebudgera, QLD, on 25 May 1877,[<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">vi]</span></span></span></span></span></a>,, remained spinsters. Louisa followed the family's long association with the Postal Service, begun by her father, followed by her elder sister Mary, at Tallebudgera. Louisa was firstly posted to Mulgoa, NSW (near Penrith) on 13 October 1884, and was then transferred to Bundanoon in late 1899, where she remained for the remainder of her life. Her youngest sister Lily was appointed assistant Post Mistress. She and Lily looked after their father following his stroke until his peaceful death months later.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After Louisa's death on 7 August 1931 in Bundanoon/MossVale,<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">, </span>Lily lived her later years in the Bundanoon Hotel, dying on 10 November 1951 at Moss Vale/Bowral.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span></span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Will of Lily Margaret Tobin, apart from other bequests, said:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><em>To my grand-nephew and godson Niall Spain, the sum of one hundred pounds absolutely; to my grand-nephew Anthony (Philip) Nott of Mobray St. New Farm, Brisbane, the sum of one hundred pounds. Mrs Eileen Spain (nee Poulsen- her niece) and Haille Hands Paine Solicitor, named as Executors, each to receive one hundred pounds.</em></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHi_42yUhpQl3hlYi1UtH4CV1oyxjGmScB78wOY3fTQS2Esp42TMatN4MvZWi_l-hUwa-al5dqFFbEDffE-dBrbrOfwdKz8rt1LUvYmFabYMMZ9s3-UMky1nd_As5htJmHOFslJy81Onc/s1600/Louisa+Tobin-+removal+costs+by+Postal+Service+to+Bundanoon.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHi_42yUhpQl3hlYi1UtH4CV1oyxjGmScB78wOY3fTQS2Esp42TMatN4MvZWi_l-hUwa-al5dqFFbEDffE-dBrbrOfwdKz8rt1LUvYmFabYMMZ9s3-UMky1nd_As5htJmHOFslJy81Onc/s640/Louisa+Tobin-+removal+costs+by+Postal+Service+to+Bundanoon.gif" height="640" usa="true" width="408" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Postal Department's re-location expenses for Louisa Tobin</strong></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeoN2-QODJYMyYPBgTZI_tlrXKTatHT2iKjJp4rJ9OoeMvUBV5CJjbmVeggJZIfUYx2aRog1NWTLTIBdYhItLbWhNZYUunyIh_YASicSHbXl_Kzbec1-NzMpX0C1IDnIeI0tyNmHrQFmo/s1600/Post+Master+Generals+Dept+NSW-+Lily+&+Louisa+Tobin.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeoN2-QODJYMyYPBgTZI_tlrXKTatHT2iKjJp4rJ9OoeMvUBV5CJjbmVeggJZIfUYx2aRog1NWTLTIBdYhItLbWhNZYUunyIh_YASicSHbXl_Kzbec1-NzMpX0C1IDnIeI0tyNmHrQFmo/s640/Post+Master+Generals+Dept+NSW-+Lily+&+Louisa+Tobin.gif" height="414" usa="true" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Post Office Appointments</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The following obituary appeared in the <i>Scrutineer & Berrima District Press</i>, Wed. 12 August 1931 p2:</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8fsCBI720N9PjNsubILkfKRU3MAbcGSdGPG6lBGgCP5A4Wc-dt_iQqjVk8dZ70Uo_zTtYQrwwpW2LwvmCBnv26wt4U5Be7Koc3xC8k6NNIvOFkzG-MK3uNao0srwyJ3bgan5s6cDGTbU/s1600/The+Scrutineer+and+Berrima+District+Press+Wed+12+August+1931+p2-+obit+Louisa+Tobin.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8fsCBI720N9PjNsubILkfKRU3MAbcGSdGPG6lBGgCP5A4Wc-dt_iQqjVk8dZ70Uo_zTtYQrwwpW2LwvmCBnv26wt4U5Be7Koc3xC8k6NNIvOFkzG-MK3uNao0srwyJ3bgan5s6cDGTbU/s1600/The+Scrutineer+and+Berrima+District+Press+Wed+12+August+1931+p2-+obit+Louisa+Tobin.JPG" height="400" width="352" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>ELIZABETH TOBIN </strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><strong>ELIZABETH (Lizzie) TOBIN</strong> was born in c. 1860 in Sydney, NSW.</span><span style="color: blue;"><u>viii]</u> <span style="color: black;">She died on 3 August 1928 in Talbot Road, Swan View, Perth, W.A..<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></span></a> She married DR. KARL AUGUST EDWARD ROMMEIS in 1881 QLD.[</span></span><span style="color: blue;"><u>x].</u><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Issue- Christian Frederick b.1882, d.1943; Mary Dorothy b.1884, d. infancy; Stephen Edward b.1886 d.1891; Eunice Elizabeth b.1887 d.1894; Dorothy Mary b.1889, m.1915 to R. Farrar, d.?; Joyce Alice b.1890, d.1894; Monica/Mona b.1892, m.1913 William L. Hoops, d.1972; Edward b/d.1896; Edward Anslem b/d.1897. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Elizabeth Tobin married Karl August Edward Rommeis (known as Edward) on 14 July 1881 at the Royal Mail Hotel Nerang, QLD, her father Stephen Tobin's hotel.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">(The following information on the Rommeis family courtesy of D. and J. Moss)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Karl August Edward Rommeis was the son of Christian Friedrich Rommeis and Anna Elizabeth Marker. Karl was born in Chidruff Saxony, Germany c.1853. They also had a daughter named Anna who was born in Gotha Saxony Germany. They migrated to Australia, landing in Adelaide on Thursday 17 February 1870 on the <em>'San Francisco'</em> from Hamburg.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"><em><span style="color: blue;"><strong>South Australian Register</strong></span></em>, Fri 18 Feb. 1870- <em>Shipping Intelligence</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">The <em>San Francisco</em> is a Barque, 600 tons, from Hamberg October 28th 1869. The passengers were... Christian, Elizabeth, Ann and Edward Rommeisz (sic), between decks. There were only 14 passengers on board. The barque's voyage has been an ordinary one,... And not even the customary continuance of gales across the Southern Ocean is reported.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Friedrich Rommeis, a carpenter (although described as an 'architect' on his son's marriage record), died in April 1878, aged 61 years, in Hahndorf in South Australia and was buried in St. Michael's Church cemetery on 11 April 1878. Daughter Anna was married in 1876 to Johann Herman Gotthilf Schneemilch, a carpenter, in Adelaide, by the Lutheran Pastor in the Lutheran Bethlehem Church. A witness was her brother E. Rommeis, who was described as a '<em>book binder'</em>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">The <em><strong><span style="color: blue;">South Australian Advertiser</span></strong></em> Wed 12 April 1871 reported that E. Rommeis received an award for history in the German School in Wakefield Street, Adelaide.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Sometime between Friedrich's death in April 1878 and 1879, the family, which included Anna, her husband Johann and their son August Otto (b.1877) and Elizabeth Rommeis, and Karl August Edward Rommeis left Hahndorf on a German Cart (viz. a large wooden cart, with smaller front wheels pulled by a couple of horses- descendants claim the information had been handed down) and eventually arrived at Kalkie just outside Bundaberg in Queensland. This would have been a long, difficult journey. Anna and Johann's daughter was born in Kalkie in January 1880. Anna's husband Johann died and she remarried to Edward Zollinger, a farmer at Kalkie. Anna, a nurse, died in Kalkie in 1915, and had three surviving children by her first husband.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Whether Edward Rommeis went all the way to Bundaberg or stopped near the border at Nerang to set up his practice as a doctor, is unknown. He was living, and practising medicine, at Nerang by 1881.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Where and when Edward Rommeis trained in medicine is unknown. He was described as a 'book binder' in Adelaide in 1876 and they left for Queensland around 1879, so it would seem likely that he gained his qualifications during that period of time.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">In the <strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></em></strong>, 2 November 1881, <strong>Dr. Rommeis</strong>, Nerang Creek, donated a piece of fossil wood and fish (Mureoua Picta) to the Queensland Museum.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Dr Edward Rommeis married Elizabeth Tobin, second daughter of Stephen and Mary Tobin, in Nerang in 1881.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"><em><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></em>, Thurs 18 August 1881</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"><em>MARRIAGES</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"><em>ROMMEIS-TOBIN- On 14th July at Nerang by Rev. B. Scortechini, Karl A. E. Rommeis, M.D. of Saxe-Coberg, Gotha, to Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of Stephen Tobin of Nerang.</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Their marriage certificate reveals that they were married at the Royal Mail Hotel (Elizabeth's father's hotel), and that Edward's place of abode was Nerang. He was 28 years of age and she was 20. Edward must have converted to Catholicism to be married by a Catholic priest. Notably, his brother-in-law Adolph Poulsen who married Elizabeth's sister Katherine, also changed his religion from Lutheran to Catholic.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Between 1890 and 1892, Edward and Elizabeth moved to the other side of the country, to Western Australia. They were the first of the family to do so, and most of the Tobin family would follow them in the years to come. Their sixth daughter Joyce was born in Nerang in 1890, and their seventh child Monica/Mona was born in Jarrahdale W.A. in 1892.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Dr. Rommeis has a number of mentions in the W.A. newspapers:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="color: blue;">The Daily News</span></span></i></b><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> (Perth) Fri 2 June 1893 p3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NOTES FROM JARRAHDALE<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The small pox scare has not affected us much. The Government medical officer of the district Dr Lovegrove, had a notice posted at the commencement of the epidemic that he would visit us and vaccinate, yet we have neither seen nor heard from him since. Most of the children and adults have had the operation performed successfully by the Company’s medical officer Dr Rommeis, to whom all praise is due for his assiduity in the performance of this and other duties in connection with the company. It is reported that he is about to leave us. On the eve of his departure I believe it is the intention of his many friends to give him a “Social” which he richly deserves, and a very pleasant evening will be spent, of which I hope to be able to give you a report.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="color: blue;">West Australian</span>,</span></i></b><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Tues 13 October 1896<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dr Rommeis, who has for long been favourably known in Jarrahdale and the surrounding district, has taken a house in Subiaco, and intends commencing practice in that suburb at an early date. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">West Australian</span></em></strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, Wed 11 November 1896</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Dr Rommeis (late of Jarrahdale) has commenced the Practice of his profession at Subiaco, opposite Government school, and may be consulted from 8 to 10 a.m., 3 to 4 p.m., and 7 to 8 p.m.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In July 1897, Edward gave his sister-in-law Alice Tobin away at her wedding to George Needom Hyde, due to the fact that Alice's father had gone to Sydney to clear his name at Court. (<span style="color: blue;"><em><strong>Western Mail,</strong></em></span> Fri 16 July 1897 p.11). The reception was given at Alice and Elizabeth's mother's home, named <em>'Illawarra'</em>, in Goderich Street, East Perth. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In 1898, Dr Rommeis gave evidence at an inquest for a 17 year old youth who shot himself in the head outside the Railway Hotel. Edward who was at the hotel, was called to help and had then taken the injured boy to his home nearby where he expired. The boy had been distraught on hearing that he was illegitimate. (<em><span style="color: blue;"><strong>West Australian,</strong></span></em> Fri 17 June 1989 p.5)</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">He was mentioned in the obituary for a young 23 year old woman who had died after a long illness. It said "she was skilfully treated by Dr. Rommeis of North Freemantle but all efforts were unavailing". (<em><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Western Mail,</strong></span></em> Fri 23 Sept 1898 P.41)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dr Rommeis was also called to treat two cyclists who collided causing severe injuries. (<strong><em><span style="color: blue;">The Inquirer and Commercial News,</span></em></strong> Fri 23 Sept 1898 )</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">West Australian</span></strong>, </em><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Fri 20 May 1899 p2</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Local Board of Health.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The council sitting as a local board of health, received a letter from Dr Rommeis accepting the position of health officer. The doctor, who was in attendance, said that so far 12 cases of typhoid had been reported. He had made an inspection of the premises in each case, and the only reason he could assign for the outbreak was the water. At all the places well water was being used. The drainage polluted the whole surface, and it did not matter where they put down a well they would get polluted water. The water supply of Freemantle also was most unwholesome. The greater part of the sickness amongst children was due to the Freemantle water where used. So far he had not had time to inquire into the matter fully. Etc. etc. On a motion of Cr. Riley a vote of thanks was accorded Dr Rommeis for accepting the position. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">West Australian,</span></em></strong></span><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Sat 19 Aug 1899 p10.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">North Fremantle Municipal Council Meeting.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Sanitary Site Question: The health officer Dr Rommeis said that the health of the town was very satisfactory. Two cases of chicken-pox had been reported, but absolutely no other sickness. He had visited the sanitary site and found it in a perfectly clean condition. Etc.</span> </span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Daily News</span></em></strong></span><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> (Perth), Sat 10 Feb 1900 p7.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">North Freemantle Council. </span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The Health Officer.Owing to the reported absence of Dr Rommeis, the health officer, at Kalgoorlie, it was resolved to communicate with him and ask whether it was his intention to resign his appointment. In the case of Dr Rommeis resigning, the town clerk was instructed to invite applications for the position of health officer at a salary of £20 per year.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Kanowna July 2.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">A meeting of the United Friendly Societies was held last evening to consider the appointment of a medical officer to the societies. After going through the qualifications of wach of the candidates, it was decided to appoint Dr Rommeis, of Claremont, who stated in his application that he could take up his duties without delay. Dr Rommeis leaves for Kanowna to-morrow evening, and will be met by several of the leading officers of the societies on his arrival. </span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Kalgoorlie Western Argus</span></em></strong></span><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Tues 23 July 1901 p11.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Kanowna July 10. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Dr Rommeis, the newly appointed medical officer for the United Friendly Societies here, is to arrive from Claremont by to-day’s express. The medico was expected some time ago, but it now appears that business of a pressing nature had detained him until now. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Kalgoorlie Miner</span></em></strong></span><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Wed 24 July 1901 p6.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Kanowna July 23.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Dr Rommeis, the newly appointed medical officer to the local friendly societies, has arrived in Kanowna. The medico was met at the station by several of the council, representing both the Druids and the Forresters. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">West Australian</span></strong>, </em><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Fri 4 Oct 1901 p4.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">DEATH.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">ROMMEIS- the friends of the late Dr Edward Rommeis, late of Jarrahdale, W.A., are respectfully invited to follow his remains to the place of interment, the Roman Catholic Cemetery Karrakatta. The funeral is appointed to leave his late residence <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">120 Goderich Street, East Perth</b>, at a quarter to 11 o’clock this morning. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Notably Mary Tobin (mother), William and Nellie Philpott, and Edward and Elizabeth Rommeis, all lived in Goderich Street at various times.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">West Australian</span>,</em></strong></span><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Sat 4 Aug 1928 p1.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">FUNERAL.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">ROMMEIS- The Friends of the late Mrs Elizabeth Rommeis, of Talbot Road, Swan View, are respectfully invited to follow her remains to the place of interment, the Roman Catholic portion of the Karrakatta Cemetery. Etc.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">NB. Edward and Elizabeth Rommeis are buried in a family grave with Elizabeth’s mother Mary Tobin in the RC Historical Section AA Grave No. 0368 at Karrakatta Cemetery. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">West Australian,</span></em></strong></span><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Tues 15 October 1901.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">NOTICE TO CREDITORS </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Karl August Edward Rommeis. Re Claims or Demands upon or against the Estate of Karl August Edward Rommeis, late of Kanowna and Perth, Doctor of Medicine, deceased, intestate, who died on the 3<sup>rd</sup> October 1901, at Perth aforesaid, (and Letters of Administration on whose Estate were granted by the Supreme Court of Western Australia to Elizabeth Rommeis of Goderich Street Perth) etc. Elizabeth died 27 years later in 1828, aged 68 years. She was living at 68 Talbot Road, Swan View, north Perth. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The Rommeis had settled in Jarrahdale. A history of the town, gives the following information:</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> (</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://www.jarrahdale.com/museumandhistory.htm"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.jarrahdale.com/museumandhistory.htm</span></span></a>) </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><em><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jarrahdale </span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><em><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Governor Weld in the late 1860s was to stimulate the establishment and growth of an important timber industry in this state by granting long term leases or concessions. A group of investors in Victoria, including the Wanliss brothers, William and Thomas, were to be granted a 100,000 ha timber concession in June 1871. The Jarrahdale Station Syndicate thus came into being with a land lease stretching from Byford in the north, almost to North Dandelup in the south and east to include most of the Canning River watershed. After many name changes it became the Rockingham Jarrah Timber Co. The town ship was originally called the Jarrahdale Station. </span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: #3d2d1b; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><em><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The town itself had responded quickly to a growing population; Jarrahdale was in the late 1890s the fourth largest community in the state after Perth, Bunbury and Kalgoorlie. It now had a Wesleyan Methodist church, a new school at Cousens Street, a police presence in the town with police quarters, court house and goal, a hospital for the mill workers which was financed by them, <span class="googqs-tidbit1">a resident doctor (Dr Rommies), a post offlice (now the museum) St Paul's Church of England built in 1895.</span> Most buildings including the small public hall, a large hall with a stage, the library, were, with the exception of one house, all under the control of the Company. Note, too, there were post receiving offices and bush schools at outlying saw mills. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By the 1900s, Jarrahdale had a town population of about 1200 people while 800 more were housed in surrounding bush landings and remote sites.</span></span></i></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">ELLEN VERONICA (Nellie) TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">ELLEN VERONICA (Nellie) TOBIN</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> was born in 1863 in Gerringong, NSW.</span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> She died on 13 Aug 1942 in Parkerville WA.</span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn12" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> She married 10 Dec 1883 WILLIAM PHILPOTT in Brisbane QLD.</span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn13" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Frances Mary</strong> b.1884 d.1928, <strong>Noel William</strong> b.1886 d.?, <strong>Beryl Vyvyan</strong> b 1888 d.1911, <strong>Adrian Wylde</strong> b.1890 d.1918<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1866, Henry Schneider, and William and Charles Philpott, “all Oxford University men” (History of Nerang), arrived at Nerang. On the bank of the Nerang River, the Birribi estate was originally owned by the Philpott Brothers who grew sugar cane there.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Philpott’s owned sugar cane and timber mills on the Nerang River, and built the ship ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Maid of Sker’</i> in 1884 to transport timber from their mill to Brisbane. An Inventory of Sawmills in Qld (written by John Kerr in Jan 1998- </span><a href="http://www.daff.gov.au/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">www.daff.gov.au</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">, page 145) lists the Philpott Brothers owning a sawmill at Nerang between 1887 and 1893.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">William Philpott, born in Severn Stokes, Worcestershire, England in 1844, was the son of Henry Charles Philpott, an Anglican Clergyman. In the 1851 England Census, Henry Charles Philpott, curate of Severn Stokes, Worcestershire, his wife Anne, and 6 children including William 7 and Charles 5, were living in Severn Stokes. In the 1861 Census, William was a student at Magdalen College Oxford University. Five years later he and his brother migrated to Queensland.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">William was 39 years of age and Nellie was just 20 years of age when they married at St. Stephens RC Cathedral in Brisbane. Once again, a husband who must have converted to Catholicism. Their marriage certificate describes him as a 'sugar planter'.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1903 Electoral Roll, William and Nellie were living at 132 Goderich St East Perth, occupation- clerk. This address was in the same street as Mary Tobin and Elizabeth Rommeis.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1910, they were living at Tammin, subdistrict Northam, district of Swan, occupation- farmer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">They were still there in 1916, living with their son Adrian Philpott, also a farmer. Adrian died just two years later.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1925, they were living in Roseberry Ave, subdistrict of Canning, Sth Perth, occupation- retired. This was the same address where Nellie's mother died in 1913.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(NB at the same time another William Philpott, labourer, lived in Cottosloe Beach Fremantle with his wife Martha.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">William Philpott died in Perth in 1925 </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn14" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> and was buried at Karrakatta cemetery in RC Section DA Grave 0530, in which his wife Nellie was also buried after her death aged 79 in 1942. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;"><strong><u>ALICE GARIELLE TOBIN</u></strong></span>.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <strong>ALICE GABRIELLE TOBIN</strong> was born on 20 July 1868 in Gerringong, NSW.[<span style="color: blue;"><u>xv]</u></span><span style="color: black;"> She died on 29 August 1952 in Mt Lawley W.A..<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn16" name="_ednref16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></span></a> She married on 12 July 1897 GEORGE NEEDOM HYDE in W.A. [</span><span style="color: blue;"><u>xvii],</u></span><span style="color: black;"> the son of Thomas Hyde Esq. of 'Fairview' Kilkenny, Ireland. </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Brian</strong> b.1897; <strong>Patricia</strong> b.c.1910. </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Western Mail</span></strong> </em><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Fri 16 July 1897 p11<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. </i></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">WEDDING- a number of friends congregated at the Catholic Cathedral on Monday to witness the marriage of <strong>Mr G.N. Hyde, of the Public Works, Geraldton, and Miss Alice Tobin of Illawarra, Goderich Street (East Perth</strong>). The bride, who was given away by <strong>Dr Rommeis</strong>, wore her travelling dress of brown cloth with violet velvet bolero and cream satin vest, She was attended by her sister, Miss Tobin, attired in a pretty costume of prune and pale blue, After the ceremony, the guests assembled at the <strong>residence of the bride’s mother, Illawarra</strong>, to drink the health and tender their congratulations to the newly-wedded pair. Mr and Mrs Hyde left Perth in the mail train for Geraldton, their future home. </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Within a short time after their wedding, Alice travelled to Sydney to be a witness for her father at his trial in August 1897. </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In the 1910 Electoral Roll, George and Alice were living at 34 Clifton Street, North Perth; occupation- civil servant. </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In 1916, they were living in Kintale Road, Applecross, subdistrict of Canning, district of Freemantle; occupation- civil servant. </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In 1925, George was living in Dwards, subdistrict of Beverley, district of Swan; occupation costs clerk, wife not listed. </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In 1936, George, retired, was living with Alice and daughter Patricia Mary Hyde, typiste, at 224 Walcott Street, subdistrict Maylands, district of Perth. The following year, their daughter was no longer listed with them. They continued to live at this address, as shown in the 1943 and 1949 Electoral Rolls. Nellie died at this address in 1952 and was buried at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, RC Section HA grave 0807, with her elder sister Mary Duncan who had died in 1937. </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">In the 1954 Electoral Roll, George Needom Hyde was living in Eaglehawk, Bendigo, nil occupation. He died in Bendigo three years later, in 1957, aged 90.[<u><span style="color: blue;">xviii] </span></u> </span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">© B A Butler</span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></b><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Email contact<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">butler1802 @hotmail.com</b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(no spaces)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 8026/1958<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 23/1938<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 527/1900<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 8278/1861 and Postal Office Record<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 13648/1931<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QLD 1877/C3136<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 32624/1955<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Age calculated from death certificate WA 68/1928 aged 68 yrs<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref9" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 68/1928<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref10" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[x]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QLD 1881/C691<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 8553/1863<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref12" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 107/1942<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref13" name="_edn13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QLD 1883/B8616<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref14" name="_edn14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 1113/1925<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref15" name="_edn15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 10657/1868<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref16" name="_edn16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 2107/1952<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref17" name="_edn17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 1082/1897<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref18" name="_edn18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">VIC 21441/1957<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comPerth WA, Australia-31.9530044 115.85746930000005-33.6771809 113.27568230000004 -30.228827900000002 118.43925630000005tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-4366409059054233562013-03-28T21:37:00.021-07:002022-10-12T20:54:56.795-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:11- sons of Stephen & Mary<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen and Mary Tobin’s four sons had a very limited formal education, although they would have received valuable lessons in life from their highly intelligent father and his role as a community leader. Each of them developed strong characters and led interesting lives, involving themselves in their communities.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><u><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: red;">JOHN CONWAY TOBIN</span></span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> </span></u></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><strong>JOHN CONWAY TOBIN</strong> was born in 1866 in Gerringong/Kiama, NSW.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><sup><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><sup><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></sup></span></sup></a> He died on 10 Jun 1944 in Shenton Park, WA.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><sup><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><sup><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[ii]</span></sup></span></sup></a> (buried Karrakatta cemetery Perth- Section KC Grave No. 0123). </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Married in 1906, ANNIE KIERSE (of Ballarat) in W.A.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><sup><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><sup><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iii]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Before moving to Western Australia with the rest of the family, John Conway Tobin began his working life, taking over his father’s hotel, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tallebudgera Hotel,</i> in 1888, extending it and renaming it the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Victoria Hotel</i>. He transferred the licence to his brother-in-law Adolph Poulsen the following year, although Poulsen and his family soon moved on to Lismore. These changes of ownership seem to follow his father’s financial misfortunes in 1887 when Stephen tried, unsuccessfully, to sell the hotel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the 1903 WA Electoral Roll, John Conway Tobin was living in West Northam, district of Swan, occupation listed as a ‘loco storeman’ (for the government railways).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By 1910 he was living at 338 Piccadilly St Hannans, Kalgoorlie with his wife Annie, occupation storeman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1916, John and Annie were living in Beach Road Bunbury, occupation storekeeper.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1925 they were firstly living at 66 McCourt St Balkatta, Fremantle, occupation storekeeper. In the same year, they were listed as living at 232 Marmon St Cottesloe, Claremont, Fremantle, occupation storeman.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1931, they were still living in Cottesloe, at No. 234 Marmon Street, occupation storeman.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the 1936 and 1937 electoral rolls, while still at Cottesloe, John was now living at 86 Broome street while his wife Annie was living at No. 140 Broome street. John was still a storeman.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By the 1943 electoral roll, John was listed as living with Annie at 28 Morgan Street, Subiaco, Perth, however, he had died the year before at Subiaco. Annie died three years later.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Sunday Times</span> (Perth</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">) Sun 11 June 1944 p4<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOBIN- The friends of the late Mr John Conway Tobin of 28 Morgan-street, Shenton Park, and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">formerly of the West Australian Government Railways</b>, are respectfully informed that his remains will be privately interred in the Roman Catholic portion of the Karrakatta Cemetery Tomorrow Morning.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Friends are invited to attend Requiem Mass which will be celebrated in St Aloysius’ Church, Henry Street, Shenton Park at 6.50 o’clock tomorrow.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">The West Australian</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Thurs 22 May 1947 p1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOBIN- On May 20 1947, Annie dearly loved wife of the late John Conway Tobin, formerly of Bunbury, beloved aunt of Murial and John Genefini, of 62 Palmerston-street, Mosman Park, and baby Pat.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Requiescat in peace<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOBIN- On May 20 1947, Annie, dearly beloved sister of Susan (Mrs Whyte, Mosman Park) loved aunt of Anna, Eileen, Gos and Lily<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOBIN- On May 20 1947. Annie, beloved sister of Jane, (Mrs Montgommery, deceased), loving aunt of Jean and Reg Mahony (Sydney), Stan and Joyce Montgomery, and Bill and Lil Montgomery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOBIN- On May 20, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">dearly loved sister-in-law of Mollie Tobin, and loving aunt of Jack and Fred Tobin (sons of Charles Frederick Tobin)<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A life well lived.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">John Conway Tobin’s death notice stated he had worked for the West Australian Government Railways, where he was employed as a storeman. He became a storekeeper at Bunbury on the south western coast for a period of time, before returning to his former job as a storeman at Cottesloe Beach Freemantle in the early 1920’s. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The newspaper reports below reveal that, like his father, he was politically active, with strong Trade Union links, - the Amalgamated Workers Association, the <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Drivers’ Firemen and Cleaners’ Union, the W.A.A. Society of Railway Employees, and the Bunbury Shop Assistant’s Union.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1919 he resigned as treasurer of the S.W. District Council of the A.L. F., which appears to consist of a number of unions, such as the A.W.U., the W.A.A. Society of Railway Employees (represented by J.C.Tobin), the Timber Workers Union, the Collie Coal Miners, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He retired as a Councilor for the South Ward in 1917 and was an active member of the elected Labor Party in W.A.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1919 he was appointed treasurer of the Bunbury and District Co-operative Society Ltd., and resigned the following year. He was honorary auditor of the Bunbury Shop Assistant’s Union from 1917 to 1921, when he and wife Annie moved to Freemantle where he remained until they retired to Subiaco, a suburb of Perth, where John died.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">NEWSPAPER ARTICLES<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">The West Australian</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Mon 20 Jan 1902 p5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Meeting of Timber District Branches<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Yarloop Jan 19<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A largely- attended meeting of delegates of the timber district branches of the Amalgamated Workers’ Association was held to-day at Yarloop. The Canning, Jarrahdale, Waroom, Yarloop, Mornington, Warsley and Karridale branches were represented. On the motion of A J Wilson, seconded by <strong>Mr J C Tobin</strong>, it was resolved that the Yarloop branch state a case to the Conciliation Board immediately regarding a dispute as to the reduction of the working hours to 48 a week, the payment of overtime at the rate of time and a quarter, Sunday work at time and a half, a minimum wage of 1s. an hour, and the preferential employment of unionists.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It was resolved that Mr A J Wilson the newly elected central secretary, take the necessary steps to organize branches of the Political Labor Party at Swan, Murray, Wellington, Sussex, and Plantaganet immediately.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The secretary was instructed to bring under the notice of Mr Hastie, leader of the Labour Party in Parliament, the serious effect upon the workers in the timber industry of the increased employment of Italians.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Kalgoorlie Miner</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Sat 17 July 1909 p.9<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Level Crossing Fatality<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas Sackett’s Death<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“Nobody to Blame”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The inquest into the death of the old man, Thomas Sackett who was killed by a train at the Williamstown level crossing on the night of July 12, was held in Kalgoorlie yesterday morning, etc<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The inquest was told that Sackett waited for a train to pass before stepping onto the line and was hit by a train from the opposite direction. One of the witnesses, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Conway Tobin, storeman on the Government railways, deposed</b> that he examined the engine that was reported to have injured a man, to find stains of blood. That was about half an hour after the return of the train from Kamballie. With the assistance of the foreman he examined the engine, and found no blood stains or any foreign substance on the engine.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The jury returned a verdict that Thomas Sackett came to his death by injuries received by the 7:10 p.m. train to Kamballie on July 12 at Williamstown crossing, no blame being attachable to anyone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Thursday 24 Oct 1912 p7<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">W.A.A.S. Railway Employees<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Bunbury Branch Annual Smoke Social<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The annual smoke social in connection with the Bunbury branch of the Western Australian Amalgamated Society of Railway Employees took place in the Rechabite Hall on Saturday evening. Mr W.L. Thomas M.L. A. presided and was supported by Messrs……<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Shanahan (secretary of the local AIF), Yeldon (stationmaster at Picton), <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">J. Tobin C. Murton representing Drivers’, Firemen and Cleaner’s Union</b>…<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Mr J.C. Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, in proposing the toast of ‘Parliament’, said at last after many years of hard work they had succeeded in getting a workers’ had succeeded in getting a workers’ Parliament and there was every prospect of it being a benefit to the people in general. Mr Thomas then spoke and said he felt it a great privilege to be a member of the first Labor Parliament of Western Australia.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Wed 7 Nov 1917 p.2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Municipal Elections- Nominations for positions of Mayor, and one Councillor for each of the three Wards will be received until 20<sup>th</sup> November, and the elections will take place on the 28<sup>th</sup> November.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The retiring councilors are… South Ward Mr J.C. Tobin<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Sat 24 Nov 1917 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Municipal Elections<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No Opposition<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Bunbury will be spared the excitement of Municipal Elections this year. Wednesday last was nomination day, and the Town Clerk who acted as Deputy Returning Officer had the pleasure of declaring that all the retiring officials who nominated had been re-elected unopposed…. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr J.C. Tobin who retired for the South Ward, did not seek a further term of office.<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Sat 5 July 1919 p6<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SW District Council A.L.F.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Annual Meeting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On Sunday, the 29<sup>th</sup> ult., the annual meeting of the S.W. District Council of the A.L. F. was held, the president Mr F. Withers being in the chair. Others present included Messrs H. McCulloch, and D. Higgon, vice-presidents, representing the A.W.U<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">., J. C. Tobin, treasurer</b>, R. Oates and J.B. Williams (W.A.A. Society Railway Employees), etc. etc. (other union groups affiliated with the AIF such as the Timber Workers Union and Collie Coal Miners). Credentials for various delegates were received and accepted.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Business matters discussed, including Financial Position, Election of Officers: The following officers were elected for the ensuing year- etc. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">treasurer R. Maslin (elected in place of Mr J. C. Tobin who declined to re-nominate). The salary was fixed as before, viz. £2/2 per annum; auditors, Messrs J. B. Williams and J.C. Tobin, the fees to be 10/6 each for the half year audit, and £1/1 each for the yearly.<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Signing cheques- authority was given to R. Muslin to sign cheques as treasurer<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">, vice J.C. Tobin.<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mr J.C. Tobin- It was decided to record in the Minutes an appreciation of the services of Mr J.C. Tobin as treasurer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald and Blackwood Express</span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Wed 3 Sept 1919 p3<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">CO-OPERATION<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A meeting of the shareholders of the Bunbury and District Co-operative Society Ltd., was held in the Rechabite Hall on August 31<sup>st</sup> at 2.30 p.m. 30 shareholders being present. The hon. Secretary read the report of the provisional committee on the work done in connection with the forming and registration of the Society under the Friendly Society’s Act, 1903. Considerable difficulty was experienced, as after applying to the Registrar, the committee were informed that the consent of the Federal Treasurer had to be obtained. This took 5 weeks to get, and other technicalities took some four months before the registration came to hand, on August 20<sup>th</sup>. The report shows that 203 shares have been applied for, 71 of which have been fully paid, leaving 132 partly paid. Cash received £103. The provisional committee was appointed a committee with instructions to commence business as soon as a stipulated amount was in hand. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr J.C. Tobin was added to the Executive Committee, as treasurer</b>, and with the committee to hold office until the general meeting in December. Etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald & Blackwood Express</span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Fri 23 July 1920 p4<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Extraordinary Election<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following nominations have been duly received for the extra-ordinary vacancy in the South Ward caused by the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">resignation of</b> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Councillor John Conway Tobin</b>, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Bunbury Herald and Blackwood Express</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Fri 24 June 1921 p5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Half-Yearly General Meeting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A Presentation<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A well attended meeting of the Bunbury Shop Assistant’s Union was held at Kalgoorlie House on Tuesday evening, when Mr G. Blythe (President) occupied the chair.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(after business) The occasion was utilized for the presentation of a handsome briar-wood pipe to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr J.C. Tobin</b>, as a recognition of his services as honorary auditor to the Union since its inception in 1917. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In returning thanks to members for their kindly action, Mr Tobin expressed his pleasure at the appreciation of his services. It had given him great satisfaction to do all he could for the Union in the past, and he hoped to make his work valuable in the future.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: red;">STEPHEN WILLIAM TOBIN</span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"></span></span></o:p></span></u></b><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">STEPHEN WILLIAM TOBIN</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> was born on 23 Dec 1870 in Queensland.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a> He died 13 February 1924 at the Albert Park Hotel, Albert Park, South Melbourne VIC.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Married MARY ANN (Minnie) AUSTIN nee HARTSTONGE in 1911 VIC.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a> (1863-1943)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No known issue<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen was born in Tallebudgera 23 December 1870.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following newspaper reports reveal some information on his life.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">The Daily News Perth</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Thurs 19 Oct 1911 p.5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">FAREWELL to OLD FREMANTLE RESIDENT<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">After nearly 17 years service with <strong>the well-known hardware firm of John Church and Co. Fremantle, Mr Syd. W. Tobin, the accountant</strong>, is leaving on Saturday week per the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">s.s.</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kanowna</i> for the Eastern States. He is about to commence business on his own account in the State of Victoria, and he will also become a benedict at Christmas time. Mr Tobin is one of the most popular business men in the town of Fremantle, and his friends feel that they cannot allow him to depart without giving him some mark of the esteem in which he is held by them. Consequently a dinner will be given in his honor at the P. and O. Hotel next Thursday evening. Mr Tobin will spend his honeymoon in touring New South Wales and New Zealand.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: blue;">The Daily News Perth</span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Tues 31 Oct 1911 p5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The employees of Messrs John Church and Co. met at the invitation of the firm on Friday evening at the ‘Cabin’ Tea Rooms, to bid farewell to <strong>Mr S.W. Tobin</strong> who, after some sixteen years service as accountant, has severed his connection with the firm to enter into business on his own account in Victoria. An excellent repast was provided, and a choice programme of songs and elocutionary items rendered throughout the evening by the Messrs Church Bros., and members of the staff. Miss Atwell kindly acting as accompanist. The toast of ‘Our Guest, Mr Tobin’, was proposed by Mr John Church, whose words of high eulogy of Mr Tobin’s marked ability, and expressions of good wishes for his future, happiness and prosperity met with applause from all which left no doubt as to his popularity. Mr Taplin, on behalf of the employees warmly supported the toast and presented him with a handsome suit-case and set of brushes, as a mark of the esteem in which he was held by them. Mr Tobin feelingly responded, and said he keenly felt the breaking of the ties that had bound him for so many years to his employer and fellow employees, and heartily thanked them for their gifts and kindly words concerning him and especially for the letter with cheque enclosed that he had received from the firm. Mr Tobin sailed for the East on Saturday per <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">s.s</i>. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kanowna.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">Stephen married Mary Ann (Minnie) Austin nee Hartstonge in 1911. She was born in December 1863 in Sunfort, Liscarroll, Co. Cork, Ireland.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">In Melbourne, Stephen was manager of the Village Belle Hotel in the suburb of Coburg for the first five years. The following newspaper report shows how he was an important member of the community.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioeABDN9ihWRfLQ0R9bTEZ7vwsdupHfAYeYY1tMZYF5pmHuBrv1mgq2XXNhWtBk1MN3jfOomD1iYKJeILcwmgalcD5GLRVGNgbRg41vUFcKULWRFG_o4dhhzRqtB7A_JiUFpWcElCv4KJq4JgHqZzM6xOPa0Dwa0GtyluoyAlkXxPuLrtWw0-uDjh9/s946/Brunswick%20&%20Coburg%20Star%2031%20March%201916-%20Tobins%20leave%20Coburg%20for%20Windsor%20hotel.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="685" data-original-width="946" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioeABDN9ihWRfLQ0R9bTEZ7vwsdupHfAYeYY1tMZYF5pmHuBrv1mgq2XXNhWtBk1MN3jfOomD1iYKJeILcwmgalcD5GLRVGNgbRg41vUFcKULWRFG_o4dhhzRqtB7A_JiUFpWcElCv4KJq4JgHqZzM6xOPa0Dwa0GtyluoyAlkXxPuLrtWw0-uDjh9/w400-h290/Brunswick%20&%20Coburg%20Star%2031%20March%201916-%20Tobins%20leave%20Coburg%20for%20Windsor%20hotel.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">He then became manager of Loyer's Windsor Hotel at Albert Park until at least 1920. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC71DWriaaPNESYTFCj2MZd3itY-0npILWvtWqRzF-1JmpcwC-xwbh_x6JJqHsEoVV3vx66IN4YkgpSrr66_z8uJTqVbEUEYnLhABrPQARTvq3jzARKo3ZT_PpePLRDVPCiTXVOPE3LKW0FjDToW9uMLZgHKhvvHnjWSsAc-HbQ5Y8NiCd3uigZgXj/s708/Brunswick%20&%20Coburg%20Star%2023%20June%201916-%20Add%20Windsor%20Hotel.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="708" data-original-width="707" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC71DWriaaPNESYTFCj2MZd3itY-0npILWvtWqRzF-1JmpcwC-xwbh_x6JJqHsEoVV3vx66IN4YkgpSrr66_z8uJTqVbEUEYnLhABrPQARTvq3jzARKo3ZT_PpePLRDVPCiTXVOPE3LKW0FjDToW9uMLZgHKhvvHnjWSsAc-HbQ5Y8NiCd3uigZgXj/s320/Brunswick%20&%20Coburg%20Star%2023%20June%201916-%20Add%20Windsor%20Hotel.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9M-YD5Em1cyoXbaA88dtFNLdCdN2Z_3FV7w2h_OqkU8FX6QEJrBqcngfHjPcgR0ExZS9qoiJDnlKprP-4_LkEv-PMaHABd5dfL9DV7868cmcxzhzSX7jR1NigWrv070m7DBLwIpkvuKCA-AtJB9fCaqqgFX4r5r_e2Tdsg5zDOAHZnG4XY8gF9F5a/s985/The%20Argus%20Melb%2031%20July%201917%20p3-%20Licence%20changed%20from%20Loyer%20to%20mary%20Ann%20Tobin.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="985" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9M-YD5Em1cyoXbaA88dtFNLdCdN2Z_3FV7w2h_OqkU8FX6QEJrBqcngfHjPcgR0ExZS9qoiJDnlKprP-4_LkEv-PMaHABd5dfL9DV7868cmcxzhzSX7jR1NigWrv070m7DBLwIpkvuKCA-AtJB9fCaqqgFX4r5r_e2Tdsg5zDOAHZnG4XY8gF9F5a/w400-h165/The%20Argus%20Melb%2031%20July%201917%20p3-%20Licence%20changed%20from%20Loyer%20to%20mary%20Ann%20Tobin.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The licence was transferred from Loyer to Mary Ann Tobin in 1917, although it would appear that Loyer still owned the hotel</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_yCjvJWtZDnlMsmDBGaOeyNVo1aRB8bccr2Kge8DcM_mm2vD4IHFYMUOIpKvBVCMvWpctQUS9iJl7ne58oDWBJDGXZKoO-qV1AMz-tfY9z6n_O_Rd1tX4EXrfnVIT2sJl2Ezy3eAOSF2yx4ZhoKjCrV3V3L3dHJgC38mi3dIR-5WWSGZR3oYWizcS/s652/Vigilante%20Melb.,%201%20dec%201918%20-add%20Windsors%20Hotel.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="278" data-original-width="652" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_yCjvJWtZDnlMsmDBGaOeyNVo1aRB8bccr2Kge8DcM_mm2vD4IHFYMUOIpKvBVCMvWpctQUS9iJl7ne58oDWBJDGXZKoO-qV1AMz-tfY9z6n_O_Rd1tX4EXrfnVIT2sJl2Ezy3eAOSF2yx4ZhoKjCrV3V3L3dHJgC38mi3dIR-5WWSGZR3oYWizcS/s320/Vigilante%20Melb.,%201%20dec%201918%20-add%20Windsors%20Hotel.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV1x7eNl0wQvCPV_rJ7-o-3zQbuLKFs70pTrRZUgDugDG58NpacvMqCPQGMfkH19u8oijHGbQ6agIAaAte8aXaPHUwhtm0RX9l3UvBWhWxAz3AmIDIIPco1xXoye6H4EStrW9ONj2yCUxF0dM609MispUjOeNJhQEd3ibr2VBW0XYxE60Ugm7uAMmp/s1336/Vigilante%20Melb.,%201%20Jul%201918%20p14-%20Mr%20SW%20Tobin.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="587" data-original-width="1336" height="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV1x7eNl0wQvCPV_rJ7-o-3zQbuLKFs70pTrRZUgDugDG58NpacvMqCPQGMfkH19u8oijHGbQ6agIAaAte8aXaPHUwhtm0RX9l3UvBWhWxAz3AmIDIIPco1xXoye6H4EStrW9ONj2yCUxF0dM609MispUjOeNJhQEd3ibr2VBW0XYxE60Ugm7uAMmp/w640-h282/Vigilante%20Melb.,%201%20Jul%201918%20p14-%20Mr%20SW%20Tobin.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Mary Ann then became the licencee of the Albert Park Hotel nearby, which she continued to run after her husband's death.</span></div></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrxdMatmkYpQaOebiSJcJgbraWFZyMy0MCe5541h8uvZrz0xRr4B2SPULYrZd_OFWOR-fAks5pxoDv196-_Z5I_0GRB6mIN_kc3JumsFfW-4kz4kyhEUO4cnIE8_yBvrpUdwA_0T0KQNjem-cP8sNcdZ5VW83FQ1X5DqEu4XhXKm-UaQtPkQ21UFFH/s913/Record,%20Emerald%20hill,%2020%20march%201926%20-%20Albert%20Park%20Hotel-%20Mrs%20MA%20Tobin%202.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><img border="0" data-original-height="913" data-original-width="396" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrxdMatmkYpQaOebiSJcJgbraWFZyMy0MCe5541h8uvZrz0xRr4B2SPULYrZd_OFWOR-fAks5pxoDv196-_Z5I_0GRB6mIN_kc3JumsFfW-4kz4kyhEUO4cnIE8_yBvrpUdwA_0T0KQNjem-cP8sNcdZ5VW83FQ1X5DqEu4XhXKm-UaQtPkQ21UFFH/w278-h640/Record,%20Emerald%20hill,%2020%20march%201926%20-%20Albert%20Park%20Hotel-%20Mrs%20MA%20Tobin%202.JPG" width="278" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Saturday, 20 March 1926, p.7</b></span></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="font-family: arial;">Stephen died in Sth Melbourne in 1924 at the Albert Park Hotel, aged 54. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: red;">CHARLES FREDERICK TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">CHARLES FREDERICK TOBIN</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> was born on 16 May 1873 in Tallebudgera Creek, Queensland.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a> He died 9 January 1925 Darwin N.T.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn8" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">Married MARY MANFORD (1877-1956) on 6 Nov 1907 at Coolgardie WA.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would appear that <strong>Mary Manford was an alias for <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Grace Emily Mitchell</i>.</strong></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><strong>Issue</strong>: 1.<strong>John Eric</strong> b.25 December 1907 at Menzies W.A., d. 28 May 1979 at Northam W.A. (burial record Northam Cemetery), m. 1945 Eileen unknown- issue 2 daughters; </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>2.Frederick Charles Anthony</strong> b.1910<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>d.1995 (buried Karrakatta Cemetry), m. 1943 Carola Aloyisa Folly (1910-1989).</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The true name of the wife of Charles Frederick Tobin is difficult to sort out.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The official marriage record at the W.A. Registry of BDM has Charles Frederick Tobin married to Mary Manford in 1907 at <span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: black;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> Coolgardie, one of Western Australia's gold mining towns.</span></span></span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">She signed her name <em>'Mary Manford'</em>, and was a <em>'spinster</em>' so no previous husband. Her father is named as <strong><em>'Charles Manford'</em></strong> and, significantly, her mother is <em><strong>'Emily Jane Eland'</strong></em>.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Some records have Charles Tobin married to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Grace Emily Mitchell.</b> Curiously there are no records of a marriage of a woman of this name in W.A., and Electoral Rolls and most newspaper articles, name Charles Tobin's wife as '<em>Mary</em>' or ‘<em>Mollie</em>’. However, son John Eric’s death notice names his mother as '<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Grace'</i> and father as '<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Jack'</i>.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvllk1jRZnZ3LLNWMftSuFhv5CE4jU8Q6VesdYhqHm8mVn7gJJzPRNKhZw7C8Z15-wnq1WS8w5cCHLWqLBCdslLD1ExaYOurHhqukpAHw4E1aSGW_TWAqcC050eiN5N6w3nWslp8dVLkU/s1600/Ddeath+John+Eric+Tobin.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="177" mta="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvllk1jRZnZ3LLNWMftSuFhv5CE4jU8Q6VesdYhqHm8mVn7gJJzPRNKhZw7C8Z15-wnq1WS8w5cCHLWqLBCdslLD1ExaYOurHhqukpAHw4E1aSGW_TWAqcC050eiN5N6w3nWslp8dVLkU/s320/Ddeath+John+Eric+Tobin.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Her grave in Karrrakatta Cemetery Perth, names her as ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mary Tobin’</i> and the gravesite grantee is named as her son Frederick Charles Tobin. Mary Tobin’s death index names her parents as Charles and Emily.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">However, going by other records, it would appear that <strong><em>Mary Manford</em></strong> was in fact <em><strong>Grace Emily Mitchell</strong></em>.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Mitchells were wealthy pastoralists from the Geraldton District of W.A. Charles and Emily Jane Mitchell nee Eland emigrated to West Australia from England in 1888.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: black;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Their daughter Grace Emily was born in England on 18 June 1877 to Charles Mitchell and his first wife Emily Jane Eland who were married in London in 1876. The Mitchell family appear on the 1881 English Census in Benthall Rd Hackney, where Charles’ occupation is a mercantile shipping clerk. Charles Mitchell was born in 1849 in Hinton St George In Somerset. His father was a mason employing 2 men (1851 UK Census). <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: black;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Mitchell family left Albany WA in 1888 for Fremantle, so possibly the ship they arrived on called into Albany first.</span></span></div>
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<strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1881 UK Census- The Mitchell family- Grace Emily 3 yrs of age</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the 1906 Western Australia Electoral Roll, Charles Mitchell is a grazier on a sheep station called '<em>Gullewa'</em> in the Division of Coolgardie<em>.</em> His daughter Grace Emily is listed with him, occupation '<em>domestic duties'</em>.</span> </div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p>The following year, in 1907, Grace married Charles Frederick Tobin under an assumed name, disguising the surname of her father in the official records but not her mother's name. Why she did this can only be speculated upon. Perhaps her father did not approve of a marriage to a Catholic 'Irish' tradesman, and so she married against her father's will, even though she was a mature 29 years of age at the time. Notably, their son John was born just 6 weeks after their marriage which also may be the reason for the clandestine marriage. Despite this disapproval, they were married in a Registry Office, probably without her father's knowledge, and as her father was well known in the area, she had to disguise her name.</o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p>At some time she must have reconciled with her father, possibly after her husband had left her when she may have appealed to her father for financial help to raise her sons, and although other family members referred to her by her true name, she stuck with the name under which she had lived for much of her adult life.</o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p>This appears to be the most plausible reason for the name change.</o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Charles Mitchell’s Will left a bequest of £1000 to his daughter <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Grace Emily Tobin</i>. Notably, this was the largest monetary bequest in his will to any of his daughters and even to his second wife, which indicates that Mary/Grace was finding it tough going. His estate was valued at £62,000.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">West Australian</i> 23 July 1932 p.16)</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: black;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">West Australian</i> newspaper ‘<em>In Memoriam’</em> notices for Charles Mitchell for at least 5 years, has "<em><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">loving father and grandfather of Grace and Jack and Fred". </span></em></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: black;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(thanks to Noelene Newman for her help in finding this information).</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em><span style="color: blue;"><strong>West Australian</strong></span></em>, Perth, Sat. 5 March 1910- </span><span style="font-family: "arial";">Birth of <strong>Frederick Charles Tobin</strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>BIRTHS</em></span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em><strong>TOBIN- </strong>At Nurse Lloyd's Maternity Home, 23 Coolgardie Avenue, to Mr and Mrs Chas. Tobin of Vivian Gold Mine, Harris- a son. Both doing well.</em></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>Records and newspaper reports of Charles F. Tobin:</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">In the 1910 Electoral Roll, Charles Frederick Tobin was a carpenter, living in Vivian, district of Mount Leonora, Coolgardie, with 'Molly' Tobin.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1916 Electoral Roll- Charles Frederick Tobin, carpenter, and Mary Tobin, living in new mill, Barrabupp.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Shortly after 1916, Charles left his family and disappeared from their life. He set up business in the Northern Territory.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">In the 1922 Northern Territory Electoral Roll, Charles Frederick Tobin was living at Batchelor, 98 kms south of Darwin, occupation fisherman. Batchelor's population is about 50% indigenous. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">He is next heard of in Darwin where he is taken into custody as an insolvent. He had apparently been working as a carpenter in his own business as a carpenter in Darwin prior to going down to Batchelor.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">The following newspaper reports report on his insolvency and death.</span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></o:p></span></i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Northern Territory Times & Gazette</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Sat 24 Feb 1923 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Insolvency Notice<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">I the undersigned Charles Frederick Tobin, formerly of Darwin, but now a debtor in actual custody for debt in His Majesty’s Gaol at Fanny Bay, do hereby declare that I am unable to meet my engagements with my creditors.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Dated this 9<sup>th</sup> day of February 1923<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Charles Tobin<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Northern Territory Times and Gazette</span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, </span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Sat 10 March 1923 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adjudication<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the Local Court of Insolvency Darwin<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Whereas adjudication in insolvency has been made against the undermentioned person on the date and manner given hereunder:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notice is hereby given that the said Court has appointed the following days for the meetings in the estate to be held at the Local Court House, Darwin, at the first of which meetings, the insolvent is required to make disclosures of his estate and effects, and the creditors are to come prepared to prove their debts, and to vote in the choice of a Trustee or Trustees, and at the last meeting the insolvent is to finish his examination.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Charles Frederick Tobin of Darwin, Carpenter, adjudicated February the 17<sup>th</sup> 1923 on his own petition. First hearing Monday February 26<sup>th</sup> 1923 at 10 o’clock. Final hearing Wednesday March 28<sup>th</sup> 1923 at 10 o’clock in the forenoon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">F.G. Burt<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Clerk of Court.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Northern Territory Times</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Fri 29 Feb 1924 p3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the Local Court of Insolvency Darwin<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The under-mentioned dividend is payable at my office, Court House Darwin, to those persons who have proved their debts Charles Frederick Tobin of Darwin, Carpenter, first and final dividend of Twenty shillings in the pound<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Darwin February 27<sup>th</sup> 1924<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: black;">The following obituary gives us an excellent summary of Charles' interesting life.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: blue;">Northern Territory Times & Gazette</span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: blue;"> (</span>Darwin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">) Friday 9 January 1925 p. 4<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">DEATH OF MR. C. TOBIN.<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The death took place at the General Hospital this morning at 7 a m of the above well known carpenter and builder. The deceased had been under medical care for some months past and had undergone an operation during December, making a good recovery he was discharged on the first of the present month, but was re-admitted on Wednesday another operation being performed yesterday morning. He was apparently doing alright up to the evening when malarial and heart trouble supervened and the patient collapsed and passed away as stated quietly this morning. The deceased was a native of Wallangarra, Queensland, 51 years of age, married and leaves a widow with two grown sons who reside in Perth, Western Australia. The finished (sic) tradesman, Mr Tobin followed his calling throughout the goldfields of the West for many years, erecting many of the larger mills of the fields. Coming to the Territory some 10 years ago he stuck closely to the coast, having a great faith in the fishing industry in which he spent a good deal of his time and earnings. He was the contractor for the erection of the Inland Mission Hospital at the Victoria River, turning out a very creditable job. Lately being employed by contractor Harold Snell. The funeral will take place this evening. To his relatives we tender our sincere sympathy.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: blue;">Northern Territory Times & Gazette</span></span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">, </span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">Tues 22 June 1926 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Will any friends who knew my late husband Charles Frederick Tobin and anything about his death in Darwin on Jan. 9<sup>th</sup> 1925 please write to me, (Mrs) Mary Tobin, 480 Hay Street, Perth. Fuller particulars this office.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: blue;">Northern Territory Times & Gazette</span></span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">,</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> Fri 7 Jan 1927 p3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">IN MEMORIUM<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOBIN- In ever loving memory of our dear husband and father Charles Frederick Tobin, who passed away at Darwin on January 9<sup>th</sup> 1925.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“Come back” we cry, all sad and broken hearted<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The angel Death replies, “It is too late”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Inserted by his ever sorrowing wife and sons, Jack and Fred.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Find-A Grave </b>(Memorial #61006456) has the following information on the burial of Charles F. Tobin:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>CHARLES FRANK (sic) TOBIN</b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Birth: 1873</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Death: 9 Jan 1925</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Note: b. QLD; s/w Jean Dargie; carpenter</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Burial: Darwin Gardens Cemetery Reserve</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Plot: Row 634</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Charles Tobin is buried in the same plot as Jean Dargie, the 7 year old daughter of Charles and Emily Dargie who must have been a close friend of Charles Tobin. The cement gravestone holding the plaque is topped by a large statue of Jesus. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Jean Dargie, who had been ailing for some time, died just a couple of weeks after Charles Tobin. Maybe Dargie felt sorry for Tobin who had no family to take care of his burial, and buried his friend in the same plot as his daughter. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The memorial plaque has: <i>Jean Dargie (with C.F. Tobin) 1918- 21/1/1925, Daughter of Charles and Emily Dargie.</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Charles Dargie died just four years later. His obituary in the Northern Standard, Darwin, Tues 23 July 1919, described Dargie as a well-known resident of Darwin, and that,<i> "as is well known, the deceased has been a sufferer for some years from an acute nervous condition which has practically incapacitated him, and for some years, he has been the recipient of an invalid pension. The deceased had been an engineer of exceptional ability and was for some years employed in the workshops of the Victorian Railways.He had left for employment with a broom manufacturer and that he had designed and manufactured many improvements to the machinery. Responding to the Gilruth boom in the Territory, he, with a number of others, arrived in the Territory and immediately took up land on the Daly River, losing no time in putting a portion of his area under broom millet from which he manufactured a great number of brooms of exceptional quality which were disposed of on the local market. He then moved to Darwin where he has lived since 1919."</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Charles Dargie and wife Emily are buried in the same cemetery, Row 692, with an identical statue of Jesus, and the plaque has: <i>Daly River Settlers 1913; Charles Dargie 1864-1929, Emily Bantz Dargie 1874-1955 and Wallace Wilfred (Son) 1915-1933</i></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The exact nature of the relationship between the Dargies and Charles Tobin, which finds them joined in death, remains a mystery.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Again, my thanks to Noelene Newman who found the above information.)</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Records of MARY TOBIN, wife of Charles Frederick Tobin:</strong></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1925-1937 Electoral Rolls- Mary Tobin, home duties, was living at 480 Hay Street, Perth. The year before, in January 1924, Frederick Tobin, aged 13, was knocked down by a car near his home. After dodging a tramcar, he ran in front of the motor car, and was treated at Perth Hospital for severe lacerations of the left leg.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1943 Electoral Roll- Mary Tobin, home duties, living with her son John Eric Tobin, traveller, at 16 Helena Street East Guilford.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1949 Electoral Roll- Mary Tobin, home duties, living with her son Frederick Charles Anthony Tobin, railway employee, at 16 Helena Street East Guilford.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1954 Electoral Roll- Mary Tobin, home duties, living in Fulham Street, Kewdale.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Mary Tobin died Perth in 1956, aged 79 (WA Registry No. 1967)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">She was buried at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, gravesite grantee, Frederick Charles Tobin.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <b>Carnamah Historical Society and Museum's</b> <i>Biographical Dictionary of Coorow, Carnamah and Three Springs</i> has the following biography on '<b>Jack' John Eric TOBIN </b>(eldest son of Charles Tobin and Mary Manford<b>)</b>:</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Born 1908</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Arrived in Carnamah on Tuesday 22 January 1935</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Representative and Salesman for the Shell Oil Company in Carnamah in 1935</i></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Donated </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£1/1/0 to the Benefit Fund to assist Miss Dorothy Dial of Three Springs who had been injured in a car accident.</span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Member of the Carnamah Golf Club in 1935.</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>In June 1935 purchased a new Oldsmobile mobile six sedan car, which was "the latest thing in modern car construction".</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Vice-President of the Carnamah Rifle Club in 1935.</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Donated a trophy for one of the sections at the Three Springs Agricultural Society's Annual Show in 1935.</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Left Carnamah in mid August 1935 after being transferred to Cue.</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Traveller in Mullewa in 1936, during which time he lived at the Club Hotel in Mullewa.</i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><strong><u><span style="color: red;">HERBERT PATRICK TOBIN</span></u></strong></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">HERBERT PATRICK TOBIN</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> was born on 02 Jun 1875 at Tallebudgera Queensland.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn10" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a> He died on 17 Jun 1956 in Perth, W.A.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">Married 21 Oct 1899 EVA MADELINE MACFARLANE in W.A.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn12" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">Both buried at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth Sect. AA Grave No. 0218A </span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><strong><span style="color: red;">Issue:</span></strong> <strong>Dorothy Louise</strong> b.1900 d.1988, mx3- 3rd Alan Breeze- no issue; </span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><strong>Alfred Herbert (aka Ralph)</strong> b.1901 d.1930, unm.; </span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><b>Theodore</b> <strong>Harold Victor</strong> b.1906 d.1993 m1. Veronique Truslove; m.2. Jean Breeze; no issue; </span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><strong>Stephen William</strong> b.1913 d.1970 (<strong>aka Cedric William</strong>) m.1. Lilian Zoe Wilkin- 2 issue, m.2. Daphne Jean Alcorn- 3 issue; </span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><strong>Lillian May Josephine</strong> b.1918 d.? m. Joseph Flynn- 2 issue; </span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><strong>Eva Jean</strong> b.1919 d.?, m.1. Alan Richards 1935- 2 issue, m.2.Barney Bain- no issue.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1903 Electoral Roll, Herbert Tobin was living at Ferguson Mill, Harvey in the district of Swan. His occupation was labourer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1906, he was living with his wife Eva at Ferguson Mill, Cookerup, district of Swan, occupation labourer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1910, he was living with wife Eva at Lion Mill, district of Swan, occupation mill hand.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1916, he was still at Lion Mill, with wife Eva, occupation mill hand<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1925, he was still at Lion Mill, occupation mill hand, living with wife Eva and son Alfred Herbert Patrick Tobin, also a mill hand. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">That same year, Herbert is listed as a mill foreman, living in Argyle, subdistrict wellington, District of Forrest, his wife Eva not listed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1931, Herbert, wife Eva are living at 11 Stone Street, West Perth, occupation mill hand. Living with them are his son Harold Victor, engineer, and Harold’s wife Veronique May, home duties. Wife Eva died in 1933.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1937, Herbert is living at 70 Charles street West Perth, occupation labourer. He is living alone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1943, Herbert is living at Lady Mary Group, Norseman, subdistrict Dundas, District of Kalgoorlie, occupation prospector. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He is still there in 1949.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1954, he is living at 14 Sunbury Road, Victoria Park, district of Swan, no occupation. He is 79 years of age. He died two years later.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">NEWSPAPERS REPORTS<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> </span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Sat 6 June 1891 p.1061<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Tallebudgera- On Friday 22<sup>nd</sup> May the juvenile cricketers of Nerang accompanied by a number of their friends, arrived at Tallebudgera to play a match with the boys of this town. The day proved a disagreeable one, the rain descending in heavy showers at frequent intervals; but, although it damped their coats, it did not damp the ardour of those youthful ‘knights of the willow’. They took their places in the field with a courage that speaks volumes for their future manliness. The visitors, however, were doomed to suffer defeat. Tallebudgera winning the match by an innings and 45 runs. The member for the district (Mr Plunkett) presented a bat to the highest scorer on each side. Master J. Dunne of Nerang, and Master Herbert Tobin of Tallebudgera, secured the coveted prizes. At the conclusion of the game, the visiting team and their friends were invited to the State school where they were feasted. A number of ladies wee there, with willing and capable hands, paying every attention to the ‘boys’. Much interest was taken in the proceedings throughout, and the return match is anxiously looked forward to.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">Western Mail</span> (Perth)</span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Sat 8 Oct 1910 p21<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Herbert Tobin had his jaw badly lacerated in an accident at Lion Mill last week. He was brought to the city and the wound was dressed at the Public Hospital.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">The Daily News</span> (Perth),</span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Wed 21 Sept 1921 p7<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">LION MILL HOTEL<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Dealing with the Lion Mill Hotel (for the owner of which, Mr.A.F. Abbott appeared), Constable Gannon said the building consisted of wood and iron, and was solely used by the mill hands, who totaled about 300. The house was very clean, and was well conducted. The accommodation, which included seven bedrooms and a spacious dining-room, was ample.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Frank Mills, the licensee, said he had been in the hotel for 13 months. There were about 300 adults within two miles of the house. Although it was not on the main road, the hotel was frequently patronized by the travelling public. His average weekly turnover had been £50. The house was absolutely necessary.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Herbert Tobin, acting manager for Bunning Bros.’ mills at Lion Mill, said the hotel was a necessity. People who travelled on the log train had to remain at Lion Mill overnight on their way to Perth. He lived close to the hotel and had always found it to be well conducted.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="googqs-tidbit1"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">The suburb was known as Lion Mill until it was renamed Mount Helena in 1924.</span></span><span class="googqs-tidbit1"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The area is hilly and largely covered by bushland, left to naturally re-vegetate since it was milled for building timber and railway sleepers. The old railway line embankments for the 2nd Perth to Goldfields railway alignment(made of mainly sand) can still be seen in the town (they are cycle/walking/horse trails now), but the old railway station site has been bulldozed for a new road alignment (Sawyers Rd). The current alignment of the road cuts through the area where the goods shed and eastern end of the platform once stood. The house just to the southwest of the intersection of Sayers Rd and Johnston St is the old station masters house, and is itself a repurposed wood mill barracks building. An older 1st Goldfields railway alignment embankment has been removed entirely, however it was located where 'Pioneer Park' now stands and ran roughly north east, starting approx 50 metres south of the south eastern end of the Mt Helena hotel (as it was in 1973). The first railway alignment was used for a line that ran from Sawyers Valley, across the main town ship valley (nearly 60 degrees to the still standing railway embankment behind the hotel), and into a cutting (just north of George St) before running parallel to, and about 100metres south of, Keane St. Both of these old railway alignments meet near the Primary School. The old railway cutting running roughly north/south and approx. 100metres to the south of the hotel was made by the wood mill company, the railway alignment further west of this cutting was the old Sawyers valley - Mount Helena - Chidlows Well part of the first Goldfields railway line. The Stoneville - Mount Helena - Chidlows railway line was part of the second Goldfields railway alignment. The timber mill was located where the current football fields are located. (Wikipedia)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Bunning Brothers mills at Lion Mill:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Australian Dictionary of Biography-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Robert Bunning (1859-1936)</i></b> by Jenny Mills:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>A boom during 1896-97 in the export of jarrah turned Bunning's attention to timber. Although his income of </em><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><em>£156,756 for the year came partly from four brickyards, he was anxious to sell them. He bought his first sawmill at North Dandalup in 1897 and was involved with his friend Frank Wilson in the newly formed Timber Merchants and Mill Owners' Association. He was also on the executive of the Sawmiller's Association from its formation in 1913. Despite a constant shortage of capital, Bunning established sawmills throughout the south-west, imported the first band-saw in Western Australia to Lion Mill and was the first to install a timber-drying kiln. He also imported a unique locomotive known as 'Dirty Mary' for use on steep grades, and was one of the first to use a tractor for log-hauling in the bush</em>.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Ref: Jenny Mills, "Bunning, Robert (1859-1936)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University,</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>http:??adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bunning-robert-5421/text9193 accessed 27 March 2013</em></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="color: blue;">The Daily News</span> (Perth)</span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"> Mon 30 Jan 1933 p.14<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>FUNERAL NOTICES<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>TOBIN</strong>- The Friends of the late <strong>EVA TOBIN</strong>, dearly loved wife of Herbert Patrick Tobin of 11 Stone Street, West Perth, are respectfully informed that her remains will be interred in the Roman Catholic Cemetery Karrakatta at 11 o’clock Tomorrow morning. The Funeral is appointed to leave the Service Chapel of Messrs C.H> Smith and Co., 281 Newcastle-street Perth at 10:30 o’clock per motor. Friends wishing to attend the Funeral may proceed by the 10:40 train leaving Perth.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="color: blue;">The West Australian</span>,</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"> </span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;">Tues 31 Jan 1933 p1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>TOBIN-</strong> On January 30, 1933, at her late residence, 11 Stone Street, West Perth, Eva,. The dearly beloved wife of Herbert Patrick Tobin; loving and devoted mother of Dorothy, Harold, Cedric, Lilly, Eva; aged 53 years.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">She is gone, and how we miss her,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mother’s love will always stay;<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">We can love her, though departed,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">To her Maker, there to pray.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">May her soul, through the mercy of God, rest in peace.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>TOBIN</strong>- On January 30, 1933, at her late residence 11 Stone-street, West Perth, Eva Tobin, the dearly beloved and devoted daughter of Mrs L.V. Craggs, fond sister of Joe and Peter McKihosie (?) aged 53 years.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Rest in peace.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">NB. Children of Herbert and Eva Tobin named in the paper as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dorothy, Harold, Cedric, Lilly, and Eva.</i> <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Son,<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> Alfred Herbert Tobin (known as Ralph)</b>, had predeceased his mother dying in 1930 of tuberculosis and buried at Wooroloo cemetery, no.342. Alfred stayed single. He went to the North West where he was employed by a whaling company until his illness became serious and he was sent south to a sanatorium.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Son<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">, Stephen William aka Cedric William Tobin</b>, is often named in the newspapers under the name Cedric in his role as a Dairy Inspector. (Notably there are no birth or death records for a <em>'Cedric Tobin'</em>. In a newspaper dated March 1929, Cedric was involved in a bike accident and was aged <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">18</i>. He is listed in various electoral rolls as Cedric William<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>Tobin. He married Lilian Zoe __ in 1934. She died in 1953 and is buried in Karrakatta Cemetery in the same grave as Stephen William Tobin who died in 1970, notably <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">grantee of the gravesite </i>named as Cedric William Tobin, so undoubtedly they are one and the same person. Cedric’s second wife Daphne Jean died in 2005. In the electoral rolls: 1931 Cedric at Busselton, a cream tester; 1937 at Margaret River, cream tester; 1943 dairy instructor, at Denmark, Albany; 1954, an agent, in Sth Perth; 1958 stock inspector at Katanning with new wife Daphne Jean; 1968 stock inspector at Katanning. He died 2 years later. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Son <strong>Harold Victor Tobin</strong> became an engine driver with the railways. Harold is buried with his parents. His wife Veronique May Tobin was also buried at Karrakatta cemetery following her death in 1986.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;">Herbert Patrick Tobin, wife Eva, and son Harold Victor</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"> are buried in a family grave in the R.C. Historical Section of Karrakatta Cemetery, Section AA, gravesite No. 0218A.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">GOLD MINING<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Many years after Herbert’s wife Eva died, Herbert decided to try his luck at prospecting. He is listed as a prospector at Norseman in the 1943 electoral roll. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following articles report the position of his mining lease. Whether he found any gold is unknown.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="color: blue;">Kalgoorlie Miner</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"> Wed 19 April 1944 p1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Mining Act 1904. Notice of Application for a Gold Mining Lease, No. 1661. Notice is hereby given that Herbert Patrick Tobin, of Norseman, the undersigned, has made application this day for a Gold Mining Lease under the provisions of the Mining Act, 1904, of ground to be known as O.K. South, situated one mile south of Norseman, containing six acres, commencing at south-east corner of G.M.L. 1588 (formerly G.M.L. 903), thence 6 chains south-south-east, thence 10 chains west-south-west, thence 6 chains north-north-west, thence 10 chains east-north-east to D.P. Includes portion of conditionally surrendered P.A. 1922. Dated at Norseman this 14<sup>th</sup> day of April 1944. Signature of Applicant: H. Tobin. Objectives against the application above referred to must be lodged at the Warden’s Office on or before the 15<sup>th</sup> day of May 1944.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">K.H. Hogg, Mining Registrar, Dundas Goldfield<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="color: blue;">Kalgoorlie Miner</span></span></i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;">, Fri 27 May 1949 p1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">WARDEN”S COURT NORSEMAN<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Norseman May 26- In the Warden’s Court -Two prospectors, Herbert Tobin and Arhtur Chapman, were granted a further six months’ registration of their prospecting areas at the Cumberland Group, two miles south of Norseman.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">History of Norseman<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <b>Shire of Dundas</b> is a local government area in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia between Norseman and the South Australian border generally along the Eyre Highway, between 700 and 1,500 kilometres (430-930 mi) east of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 93,179 square kilometres (35,977 sq mi) and its seat of government is the town of Norseman.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN;">In 1894 Laurie Sinclair, whilst prospecting about 4 miles north of Dundas, discovered a rich gold reef which he named "Norseman".</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1935 Western Mining came to Norseman which began a new era for the town. Money was put into improving the town and by 1936 the pipe-line from Coolgardie was continued to Norseman. The company also gave the town electricity and with the backing of the company the Roads Board began work on footpaths and roads.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #3d2d1b;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">© B A Butler</span></span></b><br /><br /><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #3d2d1b;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Email contact<strong>- <span style="color: red;">butler1802@ hotmail.com</span></strong> (no spaces)</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Link back to introduction:</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></strong><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">NSW 9637/1866<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 1184/1944<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 387/1906<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QLD 1871/B12063<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">VIC 2681/1924<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">VIC 9603/1911<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QLD 1873/C1768<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Northern Territory Times and Gazette,</span></i><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> 9 Jan. 1925, p.4<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref9" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 14/1907<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref10" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[x]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QLD 1875/C1878<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 1829/1956<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref12" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WA 1626/1899<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comPerth WA, Australia-31.9530044 115.85746930000005-33.6771809 113.27568230000004 -30.228827900000002 118.43925630000005tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-55416608898375214352013-03-23T00:31:00.020-07:002022-11-21T22:00:52.126-08:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:10- daughter Katherine POULSEN<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: red;"><b>(Click on images for a higher resolution image)</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><strong>KATHERINE MARY TOBIN</strong></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"> was born on 08 April 1865 in Gerringong, NSW (</span><span face=""calibri" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 115%;">NSW 9690/1865), </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">Australia, daughter of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll. </span>She died on 16 August 1901 in Waverley, Sydney, NSW (</span><span face=""calibri" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 115%;">NSW 11806/1901)</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">. She married <strong>FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN</strong> on 19 May 1886 at Southport/Nerang, Queensland (</span><span face=""calibri" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 115%;">QLD 1886/C959)</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">, son of <strong>Lars Poulsen and Charlotte Fredrikke Gudmundsen</strong> of Denmark. He was born<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>on 12 January 1860 and baptised in the Lutheran Church on 03 July 1860 in Copenhagen Denmark (</span><span face=""calibri" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 115%;">Denmark BDM Records online- https://www.sa.dk/brug-arkivet/ao/arkivalieronline)</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">. </span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">Adolph died on 08 Jul 1932 in Sydney, NSW (</span><span face=""calibri" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 115%;">NSW BDM Reg. 13563/1932)</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5LCvZVOkLAJhWnn7z3qTSz_q63UIkeQvgqNndHmDadQUuskYYZWPXhfth6Wo3GKoLfzNsdUFqqsC-AtG8rowOdplmnFDzEGj-sRkivbg4bUW_NwoRDl7ExkgbPnsPzeadwoSejpzVa0o/s298/adolph%2527s+signature+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="66" data-original-width="298" height="71" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5LCvZVOkLAJhWnn7z3qTSz_q63UIkeQvgqNndHmDadQUuskYYZWPXhfth6Wo3GKoLfzNsdUFqqsC-AtG8rowOdplmnFDzEGj-sRkivbg4bUW_NwoRDl7ExkgbPnsPzeadwoSejpzVa0o/w320-h71/adolph%2527s+signature+2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen, known as Adolph to his family and friends, was born on 12 January 1860 at No 14-15 Smallgade Street in Frederiksberg, an enclave surrounded by Copenhagen, Denmark to Lars Poulsen and Charlotte Fredrikke Gudmundsen. He was Christened in the Lutheran church on 3 July 1860. He had two older brothers, August Waldemar Poulsen who was born in 1851, and Carl Christian Julius Poulsen in 1853 (died 1860), in Ballerup Parish in Copenhagen, and two sisters, Elvine b.1855 and Adleheid b.1857, and a younger brother, Edvard Emil Anton Poulsen born in 1863.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the </span></span><b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">1844 Census</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">, their mother, Charlotte Gudmundsen, one of twins, was a servant/maid.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <b>1855 Danish Census, </b>their father, Lars Poulsen, was described as a "murersvend" or bricklayer (although on his marriage record, he described his father as a stonemason), </span></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">"-svend" means he was "educated"</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">. In the <b>1860 Census</b>, he is described as a "murermester" which means he was a self-employed bricklayer. "Murer" can mean mason and bricklayer, but the "stone-work" or bricklaying is connected with house building, possibly with bricks made of stone. (NB. compare with the word "stenhugger" which means stonemason.)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As Copenhagen was a fast growing city, he would find a lot of employment as a bricklayer in the inner city. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><u>1855 Census</u></b></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAs7TQ6J3liLpgF7e142BQQ_P5BPcK5yI0Oa5UiSGvL4Yd062gVkwvio8CBZ0t_oxoDkh2SeoPVoOR_MHj1mYIRaYQBdC7S8-YiOMHS3XdiBL40tHB_vygYhle4JJLuZB79XL9nPxl_wk/s1600/1855+Danish+Census+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="330" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAs7TQ6J3liLpgF7e142BQQ_P5BPcK5yI0Oa5UiSGvL4Yd062gVkwvio8CBZ0t_oxoDkh2SeoPVoOR_MHj1mYIRaYQBdC7S8-YiOMHS3XdiBL40tHB_vygYhle4JJLuZB79XL9nPxl_wk/s640/1855+Danish+Census+copy.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPZjbCWIcEiki84N0qk7Js6FOTG2lO4ShDRFEZ4ZM0hIkGXe-OQuCvfkhTOeZVEoOg7lLeP8esepdgxXiPFHHrS60gXWZLk3NcCkiwfURXtQJSg1a1zHrk2np7UJwaARhhDuuQ7l8_3l8/s1600/1860+Census-+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+family.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPZjbCWIcEiki84N0qk7Js6FOTG2lO4ShDRFEZ4ZM0hIkGXe-OQuCvfkhTOeZVEoOg7lLeP8esepdgxXiPFHHrS60gXWZLk3NcCkiwfURXtQJSg1a1zHrk2np7UJwaARhhDuuQ7l8_3l8/s640/1860+Census-+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+family.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Parents and siblings of Adolph Poulsen:<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">L</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">ARS</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> P</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">OULSEN</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> was born 28 December 1823 in Esbonderup in the county of Frederiksborg, a few miles north of Copenhaven, on the island of Zealand, Denmark, and died October 6, 1897 in Copenhagen Denmark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBANQwvo1gICJZnPRwgZlBNCwyNBLJOsM4CfKpdm89pT0lhek2BaY7Z5jugzMtFgsR4BBUpFirqSK2CASs-NdMLFltXsojS4mFwniaDqQ9uoArqMPBp_qKMBboix3rLWwnTqvVNyQk7ng/s1600/Lars+Poulsen+death+1897+pt1.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="527" data-original-width="534" height="628" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBANQwvo1gICJZnPRwgZlBNCwyNBLJOsM4CfKpdm89pT0lhek2BaY7Z5jugzMtFgsR4BBUpFirqSK2CASs-NdMLFltXsojS4mFwniaDqQ9uoArqMPBp_qKMBboix3rLWwnTqvVNyQk7ng/s640/Lars+Poulsen+death+1897+pt1.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b>Notably, his death record has incorrectly stated his age as 63 instead of 73. This is corrected in his burial record below</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLoEVHfdQCEQ45c7EhCjuoMXdDWY9AyuMSNU0cR-r9zPKLXzHOnhAur_scaVxc58P_lHxIRlh1j9JBOeV7MddIVQlqcMXKBGXri5lHCNfymqCSQuE3i_pO65LflkUq1wCyu6DEqrp48UE/s425/death+1897+Lars+Poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="420" data-original-width="425" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLoEVHfdQCEQ45c7EhCjuoMXdDWY9AyuMSNU0cR-r9zPKLXzHOnhAur_scaVxc58P_lHxIRlh1j9JBOeV7MddIVQlqcMXKBGXri5lHCNfymqCSQuE3i_pO65LflkUq1wCyu6DEqrp48UE/w400-h395/death+1897+Lars+Poulsen.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b>DEATH RECORD</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOXkmbeDD-F2sMYdWX90s7p16WIi5rUtCgzuE0sFRRzkfA3hkCFKLHXP5GBP3W4L0MWnZWNyJKhSeAEJO3cBqVNXpGvgzSmbOWoGSV5DJkDBzCKWFfhvapJ8JlTUhvStwq2v1eqzqTd4M/s1833/death+1897+Lars+Poulsen+Kommune+Hospital+orig.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="138" data-original-width="1833" height="58" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOXkmbeDD-F2sMYdWX90s7p16WIi5rUtCgzuE0sFRRzkfA3hkCFKLHXP5GBP3W4L0MWnZWNyJKhSeAEJO3cBqVNXpGvgzSmbOWoGSV5DJkDBzCKWFfhvapJ8JlTUhvStwq2v1eqzqTd4M/w640-h58/death+1897+Lars+Poulsen+Kommune+Hospital+orig.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<b>BURIAL RECORD</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgat4gmtlgkN8UIl7v71Xh3hQpqWli1SKBjixI72gO1RSkYo36llYlwiUToQtqzqutyWO1gVEAJNmQUXFBSUTeKZ6QqpcEEE5St36pj2O9D_Jq5pHhltxEAllzfvExAYk0M_DV2akoj99E/s425/death%252C+burial+Lars+Poulsen+1897.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="316" data-original-width="425" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgat4gmtlgkN8UIl7v71Xh3hQpqWli1SKBjixI72gO1RSkYo36llYlwiUToQtqzqutyWO1gVEAJNmQUXFBSUTeKZ6QqpcEEE5St36pj2O9D_Jq5pHhltxEAllzfvExAYk0M_DV2akoj99E/w400-h297/death%252C+burial+Lars+Poulsen+1897.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNz_m8BGjrn9vpTTap220ywbRYHhp4DAKfPk-dkJw_7irWZcTaT3MxueOS-HaDeQ4ZaCdZtmalFVorHpwtXZpFdNvZZO_tTPms5ZrEnmlve3ksuo16ab1yVgsIsuREDND4RLIJjI5B8RA/s1815/death+burial+Lars+Poulsen+1897.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="210" data-original-width="1815" height="74" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNz_m8BGjrn9vpTTap220ywbRYHhp4DAKfPk-dkJw_7irWZcTaT3MxueOS-HaDeQ4ZaCdZtmalFVorHpwtXZpFdNvZZO_tTPms5ZrEnmlve3ksuo16ab1yVgsIsuREDND4RLIJjI5B8RA/w640-h74/death+burial+Lars+Poulsen+1897.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">His second wife is named as Amalie Christina/Kirstine Poulsen nee Larsen and she predeceased him on September 29, 1894 (born 1829). Their marriage record as not been yet found. </span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">In 1895 he was staying at Dannebrogsgade which is in the centre of Copenhagen.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">The Kommune Hospital, or, the Copenhagen Municipal Hospital where Lars Poulsen died, was opened in 1863 in central Copenhagen, and pioneered many new treatments.<br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">The <b>County of Fredericksborg </b>in the north of the island of Zealand should not be confused with <b>Fredericksberg,</b> an enclave surrounded by the city of Copenhagen and informally considered part of Copenhagen, also now considered the most prestigious area to live in.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>He married <strong>C</strong></span><strong><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">HARLOTTE</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> F</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">REDRIKKE</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> G</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">UDMUNDSEN</span></strong><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> on 01 June 1851 in Frederiksberg, Copenhaven,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Denmark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> Charlotte</span> and her twin sister Ingeborg Margethe, were born on 25 November 1825 and Christened on 17 March 1826 January 1826 in Copenhaven, Denmark (at Trinitatis Sogn), and died Unknown in Denmark (after 1880).</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS9DbjPZBPSLWEbMG9k00hfS6yikhMah4ac54W4GJUTAsyew7DpA0-32z2xzG4Msq93eJaySx-K9TaGpur7ytVyYtlmQ4J1Ktn0wqcE4xud72iBeYbGAwxMn08jmlTCqQW3DWntp6SddE/s1599/bap+1825+Charlotte+%2526+Ingeborg+Poulsen+crop.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="414" data-original-width="1599" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS9DbjPZBPSLWEbMG9k00hfS6yikhMah4ac54W4GJUTAsyew7DpA0-32z2xzG4Msq93eJaySx-K9TaGpur7ytVyYtlmQ4J1Ktn0wqcE4xud72iBeYbGAwxMn08jmlTCqQW3DWntp6SddE/w640-h166/bap+1825+Charlotte+%2526+Ingeborg+Poulsen+crop.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /> <br /></span></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">Charlotte and Ingeborg were the daughters of <b>Thorlak Gudmunsen and Charlotte Friderikke Kiaer (widow).</b> Charlotte also had two brothers, Magnus and Rasmus.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <span style="color: blue;"><b>1845 Census</b></span>, </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Charlotte Gudmundsen,</b> aged 19 (b.1826), born at Kobenhavn/Copenhagen, was working as a servant/maid for Captain Walther of the 6th Infantry Battalion and his family in Copenhaven. There is no record of Lars in this Census. </span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <b><span style="color: blue;">1850 Census</span></b>, <b>Charlotte, 25,</b> was a servant in the household of Carl Jacobsen, butcher and Lorentzine Stauning his wife and their five children aged between 1 and 12, living in Fredericksberg.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><b> Lars Poulsen</b> was the son of unmarried mother <b>Edel Sophie Dreyer</b>; his sire was also named <b>Lars Poulsen</b>. The Dreyer family of Helsingor (known as Elsinore in English) was a well-to-do family, so her pregnancy must have been a shock to the family and she was sent to the house of an Anders Nielsen at the small village of Skovhuse in Esbonderup a few miles inland of Helsingor to give birth. <b>Both the Dreyer and the Poulsen family came from the neighbouring island of Odense, and the ancestry of these families is extensively explored at the bottom of this page.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">NB. <strong>Copenhagen</strong> is spelt <strong><em>Cobenhaven</em> </strong>or <em><strong>K</strong></em></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>ǿ</b></span><em style="font-family: arial;"><strong>benhavns</strong></em><span style="font-family: "arial";"> in Danish.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Map of Denmark- County of Frederiksborg top right, above Copenhagen, on the island of Zealand</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Odense County on the Island of Fyn, to the west of Zealand, and east of Jutland</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Map of County of Frederiksborg (north Zealand)- Esb</strong></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>ǿ</b></span><strong style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">nderup top centre</strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>- birthplace of Lars Poulsen</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Helsing</strong></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>ǿ</b></span><strong style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">r on far east coast, home of Lars' parents</strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> <b>Lars Poulsen was married to Charlotte Gudmundsen</b> in June 1851 at Frederiksberg Parish in Copenhagen. They were Lutherans.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJxxWmktXQECI8WN7jBq18S4QzJzfbPr51XwsLl8rjoJp5awm7SbkhsBMJg_Wn7UNmOcdH5ZQFVeYWcDLvPTVzXlCz8sE0s-bB6T0oHU1KnsfRqhxF0KZYP4ElShg0V8fUPtyEQvznEY8/s1767/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+1a.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="307" data-original-width="1767" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJxxWmktXQECI8WN7jBq18S4QzJzfbPr51XwsLl8rjoJp5awm7SbkhsBMJg_Wn7UNmOcdH5ZQFVeYWcDLvPTVzXlCz8sE0s-bB6T0oHU1KnsfRqhxF0KZYP4ElShg0V8fUPtyEQvznEY8/w640-h112/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+1a.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXGAWDCddmfOsMm3ruF07K63-_gEYK5vnedG1vmuI6e-zH1lByEBRtcJ4U27uJ1RU9J7lqjxNTTZxi4dM9KDRGjPEChQH3OBjYCX2nm4u_WE6QhyphenhyphenzrmI3BtbIfXGM6OShL0MM1Aw9yCJU/s1722/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+1.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="346" data-original-width="1722" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXGAWDCddmfOsMm3ruF07K63-_gEYK5vnedG1vmuI6e-zH1lByEBRtcJ4U27uJ1RU9J7lqjxNTTZxi4dM9KDRGjPEChQH3OBjYCX2nm4u_WE6QhyphenhyphenzrmI3BtbIfXGM6OShL0MM1Aw9yCJU/w640-h128/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+1.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3fghKwmddHoOlvDcZkrQeXhmJ-WCLdOze9ZawlLikPKsZ54vqCyDzi-Wp-IFr5Qkn9AaPsneZLchb-rYQmGQ_IZt3FQlk0FZXo3865vRCzme9n_gVkz6DNExtYIXCQ3D00lGa2EMDi0k/s1145/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+2a.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="224" data-original-width="1145" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3fghKwmddHoOlvDcZkrQeXhmJ-WCLdOze9ZawlLikPKsZ54vqCyDzi-Wp-IFr5Qkn9AaPsneZLchb-rYQmGQ_IZt3FQlk0FZXo3865vRCzme9n_gVkz6DNExtYIXCQ3D00lGa2EMDi0k/w640-h126/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+2a.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd4I6jvn4IQxrPILpLRzpHIUWY5__Bb-Q4atOGLlSoCh5uxYWomCC3qYPudS9Q4cV_m2o6bDsteqDlzLIS0fxj1u6EYX70EdWPFWJmnuiusQsloJk7ntVInLMRZsgCO6h_w137KhG1qI4/s1419/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+2.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="484" data-original-width="1419" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd4I6jvn4IQxrPILpLRzpHIUWY5__Bb-Q4atOGLlSoCh5uxYWomCC3qYPudS9Q4cV_m2o6bDsteqDlzLIS0fxj1u6EYX70EdWPFWJmnuiusQsloJk7ntVInLMRZsgCO6h_w137KhG1qI4/w640-h218/marr+1851+Lars+Poulsen+%2526+charlotte+Gudmundsen+2.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Danish Archives- Fredericksberg Sogn- Kontraministerialbog p87)</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>For the translation of this record, I have to thank distant relative, Morten Stryhn of Denmark:</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Original from the Ministerial Book:</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red;"><b>Ungkarl Lars Poulsen,
27 4/12 Aar, Murer af Hvidovre. Pigen Charlotte Frederiche Gudmundsen, 25 5/12
Aar af Vesterbro. (Forlovere): Gjestgiver og Traktør Lars Petersen, Frdbg
Smallegade N. 12 (og) Værtshuusholder L. Jespersen, Vesterbro N. 35 (Vielse) 1.
Juni (1851) i Kirken.</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Translation:</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: red;">Bachelor Lars Poulsen, age 27 4/12 years, bricklayer living in the area of Hvidovre. The girl, Charlotte Gudmundsen, aged 25 5/12, living in Vesterbro</span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: red;">Best man of Lars Pouslen</span><span style="color: red;">: Lars Petersen, pub owner, Fredericksberg, Smallegade No 12.</span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red;"><b>Best man of Charlotte Gudmundsen: L. Jespersen, pub owner, of Vesterbro No 35</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red;"><b>The wedding took place in Frederiksberg, Kirke/Church on 1 June 1851.</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In October of that year (1851) their first son named <b>August Waldema</b>r was born, so was conceived before their marriage in June.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Their second son <b>Carl Christian Julius</b> was born in August 1853, at Ballerup district, Copenhaven. He sadly died aged six, in 1860, just two months after the birth of brother Ferdinand.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <span style="color: blue;"><b>1855 Census</b></span>, <b>Lars,</b> aged 31, was described as a bricklayer, living in Utterslev, Bronshej, Sokkelund, with his wife <b>Charlotte</b>, housewife aged 29, their children August, aged 4 and Carl aged 2, and Charlotte's twin sister Ingeborg also 29. </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Daughter <b>Elvine Florentine Nathalia Poulsen</b> was Christened 2 December 1855 at Bronshoj, Kobenhavn (FHL microfilm 44,270)</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Daughter <b>Adleheid Eleonore Augusta Poulse</b>n was Christened 3 May 1857 at Bronshoj, Kobenhavn</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1860 their third son <b>Ferdinand Adolph George Poulsen</b> was born at Frederiksberg, a suburb of Copenhagen. (He is not recorded in the 1860 Census- see above)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Their last child, <b>Edvard Emil Anton Poulsen</b>
was born three years later on 13 August 1863.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US">BIRTH RECORDS OF
FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIHdgJyxQGg9eWtOdCSYyi-6HA_vsQp1vE1T2k3vB_YlI6-UGBVKdTIAFvN52XQUg-L0AwS93HTt0AAt9Kg3jzo4UKpb6xpSFolJw4emeud8Si08qeugvvkbQKfXbbvuIqNqIUnZhox98/s1103/Ferdinands+birth+record+1A.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="185" data-original-width="1103" height="108" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIHdgJyxQGg9eWtOdCSYyi-6HA_vsQp1vE1T2k3vB_YlI6-UGBVKdTIAFvN52XQUg-L0AwS93HTt0AAt9Kg3jzo4UKpb6xpSFolJw4emeud8Si08qeugvvkbQKfXbbvuIqNqIUnZhox98/w640-h108/Ferdinands+birth+record+1A.jpg" width="640" /></a></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoXbS8X4Bkf2T1P9SDwCc5g9RRlP_5MJ5C0km8aObMBoqiLWS3OfDtjzZkBGTpvjKOMTi8DjTLvEHetnj4gLxvbEvzRREelEaYFCb9zJ1FkYmZUqOay3G6vZ9ojnkV2pZAWjRD9azDnCI/s1103/Ferdinands+birth+record+1B.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="247" data-original-width="1103" height="144" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoXbS8X4Bkf2T1P9SDwCc5g9RRlP_5MJ5C0km8aObMBoqiLWS3OfDtjzZkBGTpvjKOMTi8DjTLvEHetnj4gLxvbEvzRREelEaYFCb9zJ1FkYmZUqOay3G6vZ9ojnkV2pZAWjRD9azDnCI/w640-h144/Ferdinands+birth+record+1B.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj70LBu-aTNd8gMgeytgrRGFvcaf3WPBpUNvMF5SPSFNbim_angUqphz0LxiK5usqCmwZnH2v8Kf8So10zF-tLwgE0T1tOUFBYgYdlB8ZS0HkVEDRUkTkziBiS3Mc9wRCSfOycnomesnnA/s1125/Ferdinands+birth+record+2A.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="179" data-original-width="1125" height="102" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj70LBu-aTNd8gMgeytgrRGFvcaf3WPBpUNvMF5SPSFNbim_angUqphz0LxiK5usqCmwZnH2v8Kf8So10zF-tLwgE0T1tOUFBYgYdlB8ZS0HkVEDRUkTkziBiS3Mc9wRCSfOycnomesnnA/w640-h102/Ferdinands+birth+record+2A.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAhlI4p5ku1ka3XpQabZrzRZuq40FesN_h5Az3r_ThlYkxbKHTF1X5x3IRYFtVOW7LnXsPoEUmR2KgkO4jLsBFwxiTsroDiNoelzoAJL6zkXadsIg3wJlKC5obLHVkFQncU_pVVvi4Ks/s1125/Ferdinands+birth+record+2B.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="238" data-original-width="1125" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAhlI4p5ku1ka3XpQabZrzRZuq40FesN_h5Az3r_ThlYkxbKHTF1X5x3IRYFtVOW7LnXsPoEUmR2KgkO4jLsBFwxiTsroDiNoelzoAJL6zkXadsIg3wJlKC5obLHVkFQncU_pVVvi4Ks/w640-h136/Ferdinands+birth+record+2B.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Danish Baptism record of Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen- b. 12 January 1860; bap. 3 July 1860</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong> (Danish Archives- Fredericksberg Sogn- Kontraministerialbog p.112)</strong></span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaVbpxk4vIrpEVrjc-d-AJ4bQgfApphIg9peG0PLgT-8jT8Xktv5NLyuTGlhibAzujKdmB9SVCKlX7nr1qykYHu7i5xceVwp0jiOPUUqRC5i8is3MhJUjj869npd8KBT0wbTmTsBmPIgM/s1600/IGI+Baptism+recod-+Ferdinand+Poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaVbpxk4vIrpEVrjc-d-AJ4bQgfApphIg9peG0PLgT-8jT8Xktv5NLyuTGlhibAzujKdmB9SVCKlX7nr1qykYHu7i5xceVwp0jiOPUUqRC5i8is3MhJUjj869npd8KBT0wbTmTsBmPIgM/s400/IGI+Baptism+recod-+Ferdinand+Poulsen.JPG" width="400" ya="true" /></a></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>IGI Baptism Record</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><p style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span lang="EN-US">In the </span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">1870
Census</span></b></span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">, Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen and his brother August Valdemar Theodor
Poulsen were living with their mother’s twin sister Ingeborg and her husband
Carl Bievald in Ǿstergade, Kobenhavn.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0t7FpzAtRABr2O3909LEwJOKEIPo0Sb-IdsTZqG8csKgT-8InraH-BZkSNRjtW_QCkmrwH5bJx7WGEeJlLiFHpMWJ90c3eVux4cZEV3Lu_XQolJHfheFkcQkjfh_CsIuQut8yssc3JVM/s1442/1870+Denmark+Census-+Ferdinand+7+August+living+with+Ingeborg.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="188" data-original-width="1442" height="84" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0t7FpzAtRABr2O3909LEwJOKEIPo0Sb-IdsTZqG8csKgT-8InraH-BZkSNRjtW_QCkmrwH5bJx7WGEeJlLiFHpMWJ90c3eVux4cZEV3Lu_XQolJHfheFkcQkjfh_CsIuQut8yssc3JVM/w640-h84/1870+Denmark+Census-+Ferdinand+7+August+living+with+Ingeborg.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp0rR0GR33mHSI-a5Y_M5U6hwx1JL22ymGDtJYVUYM0B7wQArtzpfDA_gEJhgZQ1kKTkJJSlo_3E1O3uLivWpDT4j6AYvZcNkaV8lUfH6YwZMIAWOtyE__GB_LRlrFyZccr5uYntUh800/s506/1870+Census-+Ferdinand+Poulsen+aged+10-2.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="313" data-original-width="506" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp0rR0GR33mHSI-a5Y_M5U6hwx1JL22ymGDtJYVUYM0B7wQArtzpfDA_gEJhgZQ1kKTkJJSlo_3E1O3uLivWpDT4j6AYvZcNkaV8lUfH6YwZMIAWOtyE__GB_LRlrFyZccr5uYntUh800/w400-h248/1870+Census-+Ferdinand+Poulsen+aged+10-2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><p></p><p style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: arial;">The two daughters, <b>Elvine,
14, and Adelheid,13</b>, were living with eleven other unrelated children aged
9 to 14, with Karen Pedersen, 55, at Lyngby, Kobenhavn- possibly a school or
boarding house. There </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif">is no record of the whereabouts of youngest son Edvard, however, in
1885, aged 21, he was in Almindeligt Hospital.</span></p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There is a church <b>Confirmation</b> record in Holmen's Church for <b>Ferdinand Adolf Poulsen</b> in 1874:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Confirmation April 19, 1874 in Holmen's Church, Holmen's Sogn, Sokkelund Herred, Copenhagen County Denmark: </i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Ferdinand Adolf Georg Poulsen, Ǿstergade 20. </i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Parents: Murer, Lars Poulsen, Charlotte Frederikke Gudmundsen.</i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Murer= bricklayer)</span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">While it names his parents, it does not confirm that they were present, and his address was still Ostergade where he was living in 1870.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd6OPvREthsxDhWb-82Y1EuMYOwTYqOGo_E63kN-6t5JXz8nW0QD_C8bBrGrBOhV3lIvBfrrVC81KRt1wiDdXXyKx9c7Rdxet6QuCoADrFFEztXZbCc_-VdDxX_D_Di1uPjKqMOiAzYrU/s1731/1874-+Confirmation+Ferdinand+Poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="355" data-original-width="1731" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd6OPvREthsxDhWb-82Y1EuMYOwTYqOGo_E63kN-6t5JXz8nW0QD_C8bBrGrBOhV3lIvBfrrVC81KRt1wiDdXXyKx9c7Rdxet6QuCoADrFFEztXZbCc_-VdDxX_D_Di1uPjKqMOiAzYrU/w640-h132/1874-+Confirmation+Ferdinand+Poulsen.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;"><br />
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: center;"> Holmen's Church</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: center;"><br /></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">The whereabouts of Lars and Charlotte in 1870 is
difficult to pinpoint.</span></div><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;"><div style="text-align: justify;">In the <span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>1880 Census</b></span></span>, Charlotte Gudmundsen is
listed as a convict at a prison in Copenhaven, and divorced from husband Lars
Poulsen. Lars Poulsen, 55, born Helsingor, 'murer' (bricklayer) is listed living with his second wife Amalie Chr. Poulsen aged 48. Why Charlotte was in prison has not been established.</div></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">However, in the </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>1870 Census</b></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">, there is a Lars
Poulsen, aged 47 (b.1823), divorced, living in a day rental establishment
(dagleier) at Arup, Vester Han, in Kobenhavn. As the divorce may have been
recent, this may explain why the children were living apart from their parents.
The only Charlotte found is a Charlotte Friderikke Kiaer, aged 44 (b.1826)
living with a relative named Anna Dorthea Ehlerts aged 13, described as the
head of the household- as this was her mother’s name, this may be her.</span></p></span></div></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: arial;"><em><strong>Fraskilt = divorced; Straffefange = convict</strong></em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial;">Christianshavn was originally a reform school for orphans, founded in 1605, but over time the home was also used as a penal institution for adults, known as the women's prison in Christianshavn. It is not known what crime she committed or how long she was there.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">T<span style="font-family: arial;">he Original Census record gives the following information:</span></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1 February 1880: Straffeanstalten ("Kvindefaengslet"), B</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿrnehustorvet 1B, Christianshavn, K</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿbenhavns Amt, Danmark: </span></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">31) Charlotte Frederikke Gudmundsen Poulsens sye Hustru, Kvinde, 54 (</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">år), FFraskilt, Lutheran, (f</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿdested) K</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿbenhavn, Straffefange, (fange nr) 90, (vielse) 1850, 4 (levende b</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿrn), 2 (d</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿde b</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">ǿrn).</span></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Google translation</b>:</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: arial;">1 February 1880: Criminal Institution ("Kvindefaengslet"), Bǿrnehustorvet 1B, Christianshavn, Kǿbenhavns County, Denmark: </span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: arial;">31) Charlotte Frederikke Gudmundsen Poulsens sick Wife, Woman, 54 (years), divorced, Lutheran, (fǿdested) Kǿbenhavn, convict, (convict No.) 90, (marriage) 1850, 4 (live bǿrn), 2 (dead bǿrn).</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial;">The census tells us that Charlotte is the mother of 6 children, two of whom had died (viz. Carl and Elvine). The remark, "Poulsens sye Hunstru" or "Poulsens sick wife" is odd- does it refer to her physical or mental state? And it mentions Poulsen's 'wife' despite the divorce. It also appears to indicate that the census recorder knew Poulsen.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Prisoners exercising at Christianshavn Women's Prison</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Royal Library Copenhagen- photo by Peter Elfelt (1866-1931)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Children of <strong>LARS POULSEN and CHARLOTTE FREDERIKKE GUDMUNDSEN</strong> are:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> i.<strong>AUGUST WALDEMAR THEODOR POULSEN</strong>, b. 09 October 1851, Kobenhavn, Denmark; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Baptism: 23 November 1851. E</span></span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #333333;">migrated to
Maryborough, QLD, in 1870. Married 1st 5 July 1877 Catherine Marsh (died
2.2.1886)- 5 issue born Cooktown QLD; married 2</span><sup style="color: #333333;">nd</sup><span style="color: #333333;"> 5 February 1891
Elizabeth Whitby- 1 issue (marriage record named him Walter Augustus Paulson ). Died
26 October 1893 at Rockhampton Hospital (named Walter [aka Waldemar] Paulson- ‘</span><i style="color: #333333;">mother
Charlotte Gudemunsen, father Leopold Paulson’</i><span style="color: #333333;">, aged 41 [b.1851/52]
Copenhagen. </span></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 88.7pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: right 74.7pt left 88.7pt; text-indent: -88.7pt;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> ii.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><strong>CARL CHRISTIAN JULIUS POULSEN</strong>, b. 26 August 1853, Ballerup district, K</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">obenhavn. Died</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> 22 March 1860 at Smallgade nos 14 & 15 (street), Fredericksberg, Copenhagen, buried 25 March in new cemetery Frijord.</span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">iii. </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">ELVINE FLORENTINE NATHALIA POULSEN</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">, Ch. 2 December 1855, Bronshoj, Kobenhavn. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;">Died
27 March, buried 1 April 1878 Fredericksberg Sogn, Kobenhavn, aged 23</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">iv. </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">ADELHEID ELEONORE AUGUSTA POULSEN</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">, Ch. 3 May 1857, Bronshoj, Kobenhavn. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;">Died
unknown (after 1890 Census). Married 3 March 1883 Niels Emmanuel Pedersen aged
37, bogholder ie. book keeper or accountant, who died 4 March 1917.</span></div></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">v.</span><span style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"> </span><strong style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN</strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">, b. 12 January 1860, Kopenhavn Denmark; died 08 July 1932, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Married 19 May 1886 Katherine Tobin. Details below.</span></div></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-indent: -88.7pt;">vi. <b>EDVARD EMIL ANTON POULSEN</b>, b.13 August 1863, Kopenhavn Denmark; (confirmed 1881 Copenhagen, father named but not mother); </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;">In
1885 Census, Edvard was recorded at the Almindeligt Hospital aged 21. This hospital
was established to improve the care of the poor, “</span><i style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">for the old, widows, those
separated, the infirm, those without work, the mad and alcoholic, the poor who
could not manage themselves or stay with family.” </i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;">In 1890, Edvard was
living in Amagergade-Baadsmandsstraede Kobenhavn with ten others, all with ‘occupation’
listed as “</span><i style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">Lun i Alm Hugh</i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;">” (? unknown meaning). Edvard died 19 August
1916 at ‘</span><i style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">Almindeligt Hospital’</i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;"> aged 53, and was buried ‘</span><i style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -88.7pt;">Almindelig Hospitals
Kobenhavn’</i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-indent: -88.7pt;">.</span></div></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 88.7pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: right 74.7pt left 88.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -88.7pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 88.7pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: right 74.7pt left 88.7pt; text-indent: -88.7pt;"><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;">AUGUST WALDEMAR THEODOR POULSEN</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRGhgoWwJDJcarQwpetFVUmSt9SlaTcZ7Oia1dt7byYLYoQsrvwE5LN_L7f-4e3FXAE1k93PAcpBG3i-YpLuCbLnVhK4iuivBNUVsE_t9yRvdqZ3pCFJkHSO8jcOs_ed8X7iX8Eeetn9c/s1575/bap+1851+August+Poulsen-+Frederiksberg.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="302" data-original-width="1575" height="122" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRGhgoWwJDJcarQwpetFVUmSt9SlaTcZ7Oia1dt7byYLYoQsrvwE5LN_L7f-4e3FXAE1k93PAcpBG3i-YpLuCbLnVhK4iuivBNUVsE_t9yRvdqZ3pCFJkHSO8jcOs_ed8X7iX8Eeetn9c/w640-h122/bap+1851+August+Poulsen-+Frederiksberg.JPG" width="640" /></a></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><b style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><br /></span></b></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><b style="text-indent: -88.7pt;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">birth and baptism
record of Adolph's brother August Poulsen in 1851, Fredericksberg</span></b></b></div><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 18.0pt; text-align: center;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The eldest son, <strong>August Poulsen</strong>, emigrated to Australia on the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Reichstag</i>, a 3 masted iron sailing vessel, leaving from Hamburg Germany on 12 November 1870 (shortly after the 1870 Census when he was living with his aunt Ingeborg and brother Ferdinand Adolph in Kobenhavn), arriving in Maryborough/Hervey Bay on 9 March 1871. Under the 'Immigration Act of 1869', he came under "<em>Free Passage</em>", ie. at the cost of the Government. Of the 329 immigrants embarked, 125 were Danes, 145 Germans, 18 Swedes, 40 Swiss and 1 </span></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Austrian, seven of whom
died on the voyage (six of whom were young children under two, and the other an
adult), plus four births.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4AjLP6ekmEx_pOKxxzvaTqKmBixgXiyKaH7bb_OeYxFJ6mk1q4lp5_GvHiyn_j08J-a5jz5K11CPwNNs2gJqRa6QJaOQlEMvyry3s_yOyuV_EmM3ZpQN9b6QOU70N_wZ7dOylq_7Lw0U/s1419/Reichstag.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="878" data-original-width="1419" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4AjLP6ekmEx_pOKxxzvaTqKmBixgXiyKaH7bb_OeYxFJ6mk1q4lp5_GvHiyn_j08J-a5jz5K11CPwNNs2gJqRa6QJaOQlEMvyry3s_yOyuV_EmM3ZpQN9b6QOU70N_wZ7dOylq_7Lw0U/w400-h248/Reichstag.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">The Reichstag</div><br /><b><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">The Maryborough Chronicle</span></i></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">, Sat. March 11, 1871 reported the ship’s
arrival, and said “<i>As soon as the steamer was made fast, the immigrants
commenced their disembarkation and it was a very pleasing sight to notice that hardly
one of the them landed without shaking hands with captain Hauschildt and Dr
Seisner who came up with them, thus giving ample proof that they had been well
cared for on the voyage</i>. <i>From the gentlemen who visited the vessel
officially we are given to understand that this is one of the cleanest and best
conducted ships and the immigrants themselves the finest and healthiest lot of
passengers it has been their fortune to admit to pratique, and we have no doubt
they will prove beneficial to the district and be duly appreciated. Many of the
men are experienced mechanics- such as blacksmiths, engineers, engine fitters
etc and a large proportion have been accustomed to agricultural pursuits in
their native countries, and if healthy looks and good appearance be a criterion,
we have no doubt the single girls will be found good general servants. The
majority of the passengers have come out under engagement to hire immediately
on landing.</i>” </span><br />
<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh45nEo4f9juIR-sTkD5qsm0BtGRQ5sapti7gtc3zPEZ6nVVWFItP5_IfkhOwLfyHCtyreXmaLlrLh18zLvZ9xTlKf_BVNsN2S0h67ptI56RBxDPUH9n_m9YavGEN1ZEQ28CNkvqvWC8II/s557/August+Poulsen+Shipping-+QSA+Series+ID+13086+Registers+of+Immigrant+Ships'+Arrivals+Roll+M471.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="214" oya="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh45nEo4f9juIR-sTkD5qsm0BtGRQ5sapti7gtc3zPEZ6nVVWFItP5_IfkhOwLfyHCtyreXmaLlrLh18zLvZ9xTlKf_BVNsN2S0h67ptI56RBxDPUH9n_m9YavGEN1ZEQ28CNkvqvWC8II/s320/August+Poulsen+Shipping-+QSA+Series+ID+13086+Registers+of+Immigrant+Ships'+Arrivals+Roll+M471.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: x-small;">(QLD State Archives, Series 1013086. <em>Registers of Immigrant Ships' Arrivals</em>. Roll M471)</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: x-small;">NB the original image has <b>Aug W. 'Th'. 'Paulsen</b>'</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYeTU9x4uK6AB5v_iwNBOdSvKogimWSYux4GfabHXyI7Qh_kTUM4lMg4oioiEdo9SxPflu7jIJumgKI69dnjYeH-eCLLRKvVJWXXTHlL02ex0iBsiudAMGYI1Y4oFVfgfeabp1_nvgMsc/s1600/Shipping-+Aug+Poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="338" oya="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYeTU9x4uK6AB5v_iwNBOdSvKogimWSYux4GfabHXyI7Qh_kTUM4lMg4oioiEdo9SxPflu7jIJumgKI69dnjYeH-eCLLRKvVJWXXTHlL02ex0iBsiudAMGYI1Y4oFVfgfeabp1_nvgMsc/s640/Shipping-+Aug+Poulsen.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There
were no further records or newspaper records of August Poulsen in Maryborough,
so finding him was difficult, and the mystery was finally resolved through his
daughter Alexandra.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Alexandra
Poulsen</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;">
attended Adolph Poulsen’s wife's funeral in 1901 and was described as his
niece. That could only mean she was the daughter of Adolph’s brother August. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><div style="text-align: left;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;">The
1913 Electoral Roll for NSW showed </span><b style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Alexandria Elvina Poulsen</b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;">, occupation
domestic duties, living with Adolph George Poulsen, musician, daughter Marjorie
Vaughn Poulsen, clerk, and son Theodore Sylvestor Poulsen, clerk, at 89
Cowper-street Waverley.</span></div><span lang="EN-US"><div style="text-align: left;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 13.3333px;"><br /></span></div>
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]-->
<!--[endif]--></span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In
the 1914 Electoral Roll, only Adolph was living at 89 Cowper Street, although a
Miss <b><i>Ethel</i></b> Poulson, violin teacher, was also living in Cowper
Street, no street number given- whether this was Alexandra <b><i>Elvina</i></b>
Poulsen, or another Poulsen relation is uncertain.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An
entry in Ancestry.com has <b>Alexandra Elvina Poulsen</b>, b.c.1880, married to
<b>Henry Edwin Christie</b> in 1927 in Victoria (VIC. BDM: 4395/1927), as his
second wife (no issue), his first wife Kathleen M.L. Laing having died in 1919
(3 issue).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Vic
BDM Reg 4395/1927</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiods-76Y5VS6KGnyQL9KktDQV39FKA7VWe12ixvEwhINYHwQKnOAMfCzVOOO7-rdVq3UUmBsavMljwNLh-Xh4SlnX4GYoAigLg15JT1UnrsskfVbwhuwIQfYj_JAoInmv-Sz07kxSnLm0/s1370/marr+1927+Alexandra+elvina+Poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="1370" height="110" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiods-76Y5VS6KGnyQL9KktDQV39FKA7VWe12ixvEwhINYHwQKnOAMfCzVOOO7-rdVq3UUmBsavMljwNLh-Xh4SlnX4GYoAigLg15JT1UnrsskfVbwhuwIQfYj_JAoInmv-Sz07kxSnLm0/w640-h110/marr+1927+Alexandra+elvina+Poulsen.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Alexandra
Elvina Christie</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">
died in 1959 at Ascot Vale, Melbourne, Victoria, aged 79, place of birth <b>Cooktown</b>,
QLD (Vic BDM: 8438/1959).<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwqn2eqSmLvwokIggc2HcquaScAvJngbELEeZtwttKrD40AHcc34O3UrCeCIgj17jC7wrsHxbuL4wbUNNGYlcq7IkJFfAVNwNkSlUsyNE_5wceCIk-vkHOBR4ZG5S7DfGtukt0tHE4pnQ/s1375/death+1959+Alexandra+Elvena+Poulsen+Christie.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="248" data-original-width="1375" height="116" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwqn2eqSmLvwokIggc2HcquaScAvJngbELEeZtwttKrD40AHcc34O3UrCeCIgj17jC7wrsHxbuL4wbUNNGYlcq7IkJFfAVNwNkSlUsyNE_5wceCIk-vkHOBR4ZG5S7DfGtukt0tHE4pnQ/w640-h116/death+1959+Alexandra+Elvena+Poulsen+Christie.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cooktown
was founded in 1873 as a supply port for the goldfields along the Palmer River.
By 1880, there were about 7,000 people in the area, and about 4,000 permanent
residents. It is possible August Poulsen was attracted there by the goldrush,
but he set up business in Cooktown as a saddler/harness maker.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal">
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A
birth record for <b>Alexandra Poulsen in 1879</b> <b>in Cooktown</b> to <b>Auguste
Poulsen</b>, 28, saddler and <b>Catherine Marsh</b> (born Ireland):<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieRY1QrbZx77zBcvRc24bXMmJa9mt58qNrGcD0Wsmr1Xv24uni8IqfVbHWQcWuxehu5hjOpEPIbGpNcUaEWCmDK8RhuhMRSx1lUzJsl1PcvlvWeRLRBUEw2W1ehyxvUZWcApVhGTk0XCo/s1398/bap+1879+Alexandra+Elvina+poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="1398" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieRY1QrbZx77zBcvRc24bXMmJa9mt58qNrGcD0Wsmr1Xv24uni8IqfVbHWQcWuxehu5hjOpEPIbGpNcUaEWCmDK8RhuhMRSx1lUzJsl1PcvlvWeRLRBUEw2W1ehyxvUZWcApVhGTk0XCo/w640-h170/bap+1879+Alexandra+Elvina+poulsen.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Auguste Poulsen married
Catherine Marsh</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;"> in <b>1877 in Cooktown. </b>He had to convert to his wife's Catholic religion.</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA0RZEwlfVdG2AMaFW0Kk8IK2OuiUjGJ7OBy66FQvWepb9pD36mn38shelumDPk9-mfq7sud__7E2-JuumKwH657Ry4RNyLFReJXnOIsBYHa7sw-KPD1cPV06-79Cv6S2FGTsGiZWNeko/s1800/marr+1877+Auguste+Poulsen+%2526+Catherine+Marsh.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="545" data-original-width="1800" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA0RZEwlfVdG2AMaFW0Kk8IK2OuiUjGJ7OBy66FQvWepb9pD36mn38shelumDPk9-mfq7sud__7E2-JuumKwH657Ry4RNyLFReJXnOIsBYHa7sw-KPD1cPV06-79Cv6S2FGTsGiZWNeko/w640-h194/marr+1877+Auguste+Poulsen+%2526+Catherine+Marsh.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">The
marriage record has his correct mother named, <b>Charlotte Gudmundsen</b>, but,
curiously, his father is named as ‘<b>Leopold’ Paulsen</b> a military captain
(not Lars Poulsen, bricklayer/stonemason). It correctly gave his age as 25
years (b.c.1851/52) born Copenhagen. He is described as a harness maker
(saddler).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">They
had several children:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">1.Alexandra
Poulson</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">
born 23/7/1879, married 1927 <b>Henry Edwin Christie</b>; died 1959 Ascot Vale,
Melbourne Vic. No issue.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">2.Albert
(George) Paulson</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">
born 6/3/1881 (to ‘<i>Catharine Marsh and Auguste Paulson’</i>), died 31/3/1920
(son of <i>‘Lillian Marsh and Walter Poulsen’</i>), married 2/7/1913<b> Mildred
Florence Bennet</b>; issue: Albert George Poulsen b.1915; Frederick Walter
Poulsen b.1917; Marjorie Stella Poulsen b.1919<o:p></o:p></span></p></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">3.Walter
George (Joseph) Paulson</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;"> born 23/12/1882 (to ‘<i>Auguste Waltemar Paulson</i>’),
married 11/10/1911 <b>Ellen Elizabeth Mary Gleeson</b>; issue: Albert George
Poulsen b.1912 d.1934; Walter John Poulsen b.1914 d.1985; David Joseph Poulsen
b.1916 d.1942; Frances Mary Poulsen b.1921<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">4.Florence
Catherine Mary Polson</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">
born 24/9/1884 (to ‘<i>Auguste W.T. Polson’</i>); died 27/7/1933 (mother ‘<i>Catherine
Marsh, father Walter Poulsen’</i>); m.13/1/1904 <b>James Edward Muldoon,</b>
issue: Veronica May Muldoon b.11/5/1904; Kathleen Florence Muldoon b.1907. (? a
James Muldoon d.1915, son of Sarah McNab and Patrick Muldoon)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Wife,
Catharine Paulsen</span></b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">
<b>died 2 February 1886</b> (father named as Patrick Marsh), leaving August
with four very young children to raise.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">There
is no record of the death of ‘Auguste Poulsen’, however, there is a record of
the <b>death at Rockhampton Hospital of</b> ‘<b>Walter Paulson</b> (aka
Waldemar) on <b>26/10/1893</b>, aged 41(ie. b.c.1851/52), a saddler, <i>‘mother
Charlotte Gudemunsen and father Leopold Paulson, Captain in Army’</i>. Notably,
Walter is the chosen name he was using, as revealed in the death records of his
children. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">His
death certificate reveals that he had a (2<sup>nd</sup>) wife named <b>Elizabeth
Whitby</b> and a daughter named Mina aged 2 months. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">‘<b>Walter
Augustus Paulsen’</b> had married <b>Elizabeth Whitby</b> 5/2/1891. His other
children were not named on the death certificate, and it is unknown who raised
them, as the eldest, Alexandra was only aged 14 at the time, and the youngest
aged 9. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Also,
strangely, his death certificate incorrectly states he was born in ‘Marseilles,
France’ and had been in the colony for ‘32 years’ - notably, information
supplied by his second wife of just two years.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDzVTnrqCsDlyLFXuslUWtQ1nCOy-NkHTEeOFa0Mz-qC_v36AYuesodlPXpWsC0_MClUmwlQ60JohUTlfHhQWxvqhSSomwhwbtL4lXsLVvbwr9uyDiOEdMgqGE6zmOm5SctJc1_CareNQ/s1554/death+1893+walter+Paulson+1.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="724" data-original-width="1554" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDzVTnrqCsDlyLFXuslUWtQ1nCOy-NkHTEeOFa0Mz-qC_v36AYuesodlPXpWsC0_MClUmwlQ60JohUTlfHhQWxvqhSSomwhwbtL4lXsLVvbwr9uyDiOEdMgqGE6zmOm5SctJc1_CareNQ/w640-h298/death+1893+walter+Paulson+1.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPPmaqTdrXdZxi2Jk0OS92jIsLDextpDTx4PEKBcPB9l28K1vKrWSwCmDoAwyaFV6A7Ay8Aq3nLNgFaHX8jD_CL8n__1f9Qp1Ej8yrCFBwQeczbXpsr6-Hm4_TEunkxOH8iedcteNEuk4/s1545/death+1893+walter+Paulson+2.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="714" data-original-width="1545" height="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPPmaqTdrXdZxi2Jk0OS92jIsLDextpDTx4PEKBcPB9l28K1vKrWSwCmDoAwyaFV6A7Ay8Aq3nLNgFaHX8jD_CL8n__1f9Qp1Ej8yrCFBwQeczbXpsr6-Hm4_TEunkxOH8iedcteNEuk4/w640-h296/death+1893+walter+Paulson+2.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">The
fact that August Poulsen named his father ‘<i>Leopold Poulsen</i>, <i>an army
captain’</i>, in his first marriage record, which was repeated on his death
certificate, is difficult to explain. There are no records of their father Lars
Poulsen or his wife Charlotte Gudmundsen between the 1860 Census and the 1870
Census when the sons were living with Charlotte’s sister Ingeborg and the daughters
with a Karen Pedersen. It would appear that their parents were involved in a separation and divorce at the time. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">In 1864 Denmark was engaged in the Schleswig War with Prussia
and Austria over the states of Holstein and Schleswig just south of Denmark,
which Denmark claimed in 1863, but taken back by Prussia and its ally Austria a
year later after winning a quick victory which lasted 9 months. Denmark had
38,000 soldiers, with 13,000 killed, wounded or captured.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">From
1849, men were enlisted in the Danish army at 14 years of age (from 1869
enlisted at 17). As Lars Poulsen’s mother’s family were in the military
hierarchy (see the Dreyer section below), it is highly likely that Lars Poulsen,
aged 44, was engaged in this Schleswig war, and would have held an officer’s
position. It is also possible that August escaped his compulsory conscription
in the Danish army by travelling to Hamburg in Germany and emigrating at age
19- for that reason, he may have deliberately confused the information given
about his family to the authorities, and travelled to the remotest location.
However, that remains speculation. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Why
August named his father as ‘Leopold’ is inexplicable. August’s brother Adolph named
his father as <i>'Lars Poulsen, stonemason, and mother Charlotte Gudmundsen</i>' on his QLD
marriage record in 1886. However, the link between Alexandra Elvina Poulsen and
her father and uncle, proves that August Poulsen in Cooktown and Adolph Poulsen
were brothers, and the above records are relevant beyond doubt, despite the
confusing information.</span></div><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;"><i style="font-size: 10pt;">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;">FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN</span></b></p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><strong> Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen, who went by the name Adolph,</strong> was a musician, playing the violin at concert standard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;">
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">unnamed photo in family album thought to be Adolph Poulsen</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>Adolph Poulsen's violin</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Adolph donated his violin to the Technological Museum in Harris Street Sydney (now the Powerhouse Museum) at his death in 1932, and it is one of the earliest violin acquisitions into the Powerhouse Museum's collection. He began correspondence with the curator of the museum in 1929, three years before his death. The current curator of music and musical instruments at the Powerhouse Museum, Mr Michael Lea, wrote a description of the violin for the collection database, (ref. collection number H3505- concise link to article- <a href="http://from.ph/237186">http://from.ph/237186</a>). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">In his original letter to the museum curator, Adolph Poulsen, claimed he acquired the instrument in Copenhagen in 1868, when he was just 8 years of age. (see letter below)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">The maker of the violin was <strong>Johann Gottfried Hamm</strong>, and the violin was made c.1784-1810. Johann Gottfried Hamm (1764-1817) was known to make violins in an Italian style, and mostly worked in Markneukirchen in Germany. Hamm was a "<em>Master of the Violin Maker's Guild, and known as the best maker of his time</em>." "<em>Sometimes prettily marked wood, but always acoustically good even when plain. Branded inside with 'I.G.H.'. Sometimes 'Hamm'. Sometimes inlaid the edges with ivory, mother-of-pearl, and other material for decoration. Occasionally a coat-of-arms inlaid with ivory on the back. In 1959, a Hamm violin was worth about </em><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><em>£100</em>.</span><em> "</em> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">(ref. William Henley, <em>Universal Dictionary of Violin and Bow Makers</em>, 1973 ed.) </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><strong>Adolph's violin made by Johann G. Hamm</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><strong><br /></strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><strong>Photos courtesy of descendant Philip Nott</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><br /></strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4I8mcZWAZurZZZ3dEmpWBwjbZxSKzCnRBnbN5E6Vv6ciH07kSJYK0OsVD4JYdDzYxKtKGRNE0ulaMMqfyVb8LqxOrtMa1x5oImr9QiZzJjyYGD6APUPBfRa6NkEOAizRg17oNAn_bl3P0bkFpmuIneRIAMAtmte_xtukBhzGEYNO-O-x6NAFaudV8/s4032/20201118_135744%20(002).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4I8mcZWAZurZZZ3dEmpWBwjbZxSKzCnRBnbN5E6Vv6ciH07kSJYK0OsVD4JYdDzYxKtKGRNE0ulaMMqfyVb8LqxOrtMa1x5oImr9QiZzJjyYGD6APUPBfRa6NkEOAizRg17oNAn_bl3P0bkFpmuIneRIAMAtmte_xtukBhzGEYNO-O-x6NAFaudV8/w300-h400/20201118_135744%20(002).jpg" width="300" /></a></div><br /><strong><br /></strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><b> ivory label on back</b></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><br /></strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWhJb9Bx6HQPlDjU3k_O0CegEQXkovE5YUONYvKnfJGvHxgZSrmMqjMLBRNDalJwM39kDB1rovqYCb0Bbzvl_09BHFNX0Va1n4OgwJCeNvxQpxlCdoIkxBZLNlKU_4SWl-lwt-VdUzNq6HcmbFoERzoAVkDcpM_CDBvQ1Fso4rc8Rd5-YKXmVUy7QK/s475/Poulson%20violin-%20Ivory%20harp%20dec.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="475" data-original-width="395" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWhJb9Bx6HQPlDjU3k_O0CegEQXkovE5YUONYvKnfJGvHxgZSrmMqjMLBRNDalJwM39kDB1rovqYCb0Bbzvl_09BHFNX0Va1n4OgwJCeNvxQpxlCdoIkxBZLNlKU_4SWl-lwt-VdUzNq6HcmbFoERzoAVkDcpM_CDBvQ1Fso4rc8Rd5-YKXmVUy7QK/w333-h400/Poulson%20violin-%20Ivory%20harp%20dec.JPG" width="333" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Ivory harp decoration on the front</b></span></div><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial";"> Adolph described the violin in his letter:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>"This violin was made by Johannes Gottfried Hamm, a German. Initials I*G*H* being stamped inside in the back and Ivory edges inlade outside around the top edge, with a small Ivory Label inlade on the back. His date is 1780-1810."</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Adolph further claims that the violin underwent restoration by <strong>Emil Hjorth</strong> in 1874 "<em>when new linings, bass bar, blocks, fingerboard, tailpiece and pegs were added."</em> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>Emil Hjorth</strong> (1840-1920) was a Danish maker and repairer working in Copenhagen and part of a family of makers and repairers who worked for the Danish Court from the late 18th century. He also worked briefly in Vienna, Paris and London and became repairer to the Danish Royal Orchestra. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">The label inside the violin reads in very small print:</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><em>Â?Repareret at / instramentinager Emil Hjorth / <strong>Frederiksberggaade</strong> [--] <strong>Kjohenhava </strong>18--.Â?</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>ie. repaired by Emil Hjorth at Frederksberg, Copenhagen.</strong></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Adolph Poulsen's violin in the Sydney Powerhouse Museum Collection</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph's first letter to the curator of the Technological Museum in Sydney, dated 20 November 1929:</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Second letter dated 30 December 1931:</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Courtesy of the Powerhouse Museum )</span></div>
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</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The neck of his violin broke in 1929 and Adolph had it repaired in Sydney by the well respected Polish violin maker and repairer Gerard William Paszek who learnt his trade from his father who was a violin maker in Berlin, and then served an apprenticeship in Bohemia before emigrating to Australia.</span>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">In his letter, Adolph described the tone of his violin as "<em>beautiful, clear, sweet yet full and somewhat resembles that of a clarionet." </em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">His scathing comment on the bottom of his letter may give an insight into his character. On describing the broken neck of his violin, he wrote:</span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: "arial";">"If I had done all I was advised to do to it by prominent artists and teachers who ought to have more sense, there would have been nothing of the Instrument left. To save it from such Vandals, I have placed it out of their reach."</span></em><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">To house his violin at the museum, Adolph had a maple display case and brass plate commissioned especially for it by Charles Ritchie Ltd, costing him <span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">£5.10s.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Adolph Poulsen's emigration to Australia</strong></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;">For some reason, Adolph Poulsen was in England when he decided to emigrate to Australia. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333;">It is unknown where he
was living in 1880, as he does not appear in the Danish Census. However, in
1882, at the age of about 22, he decided to follow his brother and emigrate to
Australia. It is unknown the reason for his emigration, however, he may have
received favourable reports from his brother, plus the fact that his mother was
in prison for reason unknown, may have influenced his decision.</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #333333;">The fact that his ship
departed from England may indicate that he had been living there just prior to
emigrating. There is a record of an <b>A. Polson, aged 21,</b> working as a
footman in a large wealthy household at St Katherine’s Lodge, in Regent’s Park,
St Pancras London, in the </span><b><span style="color: blue;">1881 England Census,</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> although it states that he was born in ‘<i>England</i>’.
It is also strange that only his first initial is listed rather than his name,
as opposed to full names for the other servants. He worked for Catherine L.
Marlay, 80 (born Ireland) and her son Charles Brinsley Marlay, 60, (born in the
grand mansion of Charleville Castle in Tullamore Offaly, Ireland; an Anglo-Irish
landowner, including Belvedere House, inherited from his cousin Brinsley Butler
4<sup>th</sup> Earl of Lanesborough; died at St Katharine’s Lodge Regent’s Park
in 1912- see Wikipedia), “JP Deputy Lieutenant MA”. The household included a
cook, 2 housemaids, a lady’s maid, a kitchenmaid, 2 footmen, a coachman, a
general servant, and 2 stablemen. It would seem that this may be Adolph.</span></p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;">Embarking at Plymouth England, he arrived on a ship named the</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">B.I.S. Chybassa</i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"> </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;">landing firstly at Cooktown 19 October 1882, and disembarking in Mackay in November 1882, where he claimed he spent the next three years. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">When he landed in Cooktown,
his brother August was living there, so they probably met up. </span><div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: x-small;">(QLD State Archives, Series ID 13086, <em>Registers of Immigrant Ships' Arrivals</em>, Roll M1699)</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">One of the assisted immigration schemes in the mid to late 19<sup>th</sup> century was the Remittance or Nomination system.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Remittance Regulations stated that any person could nominate immigrants from the UK with the eligible immigrants to be mechanics of every description, domestic servants and all persons of the laboring class.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Amounts of deposits paid in mid 1863 were: 12 yrs and under 40 years, Male, £7, Female £4. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Persons/the depositor wishing to sponsor the immigrant of a nominated person, who were frequently members of their own family or they were prospective employees, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>attended at the local petty sessions courthouse in the country districts or at the office of the Agent for Immigration in the city, paid the deposit for the passage and an additional sum to provide outfits for the voyage.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph Poulsen’s shipping record has him listed as a Nominated and Remittance passenger, which means that someone in the Mackay community sponsored his passage to Australia- whether this was just a friend, or a relative is not known- it may have been his brother August Poulsen. On arrival in Mackay, the sponsor then had to provide employment to him. It may explain why he left from England rather than from Germany or Denmark. In what capacity he was employed in Mackay has yet to be determined, but possibly as a printer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong> F. Poulsen</strong>- ship <strong><em>Chybassa</em>,</strong> 2644 ton ship<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKXgVgb8ha5Zivw9MzYp2e4wVQxBsjfVkKGHIQ7f6a_6RMknzD1UlOm2boIqhCla19D_FaeWLimXvfCweYcdNfBk2d2s8ELDPafbki8XBOdpF-0qp880bnq92kKBsPclA_fPiiPpTH7Xk/s555/Chyebassa+ship+1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="426" data-original-width="555" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKXgVgb8ha5Zivw9MzYp2e4wVQxBsjfVkKGHIQ7f6a_6RMknzD1UlOm2boIqhCla19D_FaeWLimXvfCweYcdNfBk2d2s8ELDPafbki8XBOdpF-0qp880bnq92kKBsPclA_fPiiPpTH7Xk/w400-h308/Chyebassa+ship+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">357 embarked at Plymouth, left 30 August 1882, arrived Cooktown 19 Oct 1882</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Disembarked</strong>: Brisbane 124; Cooktown 9; Townsville 104; <strong>Mackay 19 (including 1 Saloon, 4 steerage, 7 free, 5 remittance and 3 nominated</strong>; Rockhampton 51.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Nationalities</strong>: 199 English, 94 Irish, 10 Scotch, 55 other countries.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(QLD State Archives- Ships Arrivals 1848-1912; Series ID 13086; Chybassa QSA Item ID 18479; Microfilm 1- Z1960; Microfilm 2- M1699)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">The Torres Straits Route from
Queensland to England by the British-India Steamship Navigation Company’s Royal
Mail Steamer Chyebassa, </span></i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">by E J Banfield,
Townsville 1885 (reprinted from the Travelling Correspondent of the “<i>Townsville
Daily Bulletin</i>”) is an account of a voyage of the ‘Chyebassa’ in 1885 from
Queensland to London. (Trove- downloadable): </span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">“The British-India Steam Navigation
Company’s steamer ‘Chyebassa’. The company is under contract with Her Majesty’s
Government, and the Governments of India and Queensland, for mail services to
ports in India, East Africa, Arabia, Persia, Burmah and Queensland. The yearly
subsidy paid by the Government of Queensland to the B.I.S.N. Company for the
conveyance of mails is by no means an extravagant one. All the boats bring
immigrants and cargo at less charges for freight than those ruling between
Sydney and some of the ports of North QLD. The Company’s relationship with
Queensland must prove in the highest respect beneficial to England’s youngest
and ‘most vigorous colony’…</span></i><i><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">The traveller will find the steamers
of the Company comfortable, roomy, fitted with punkahs and all other appliances
and conveniences necessary to temper the heat of the tropics. With regard to
the not altogether unimportant details of eating and drinking, the traveller
will find himself in clover. The saloon bills of fare are as liberal and as
varied as those issued in the very best hotels of Sydney, and the tables in the
second saloon are set out with far better food, both with regard to quality and
cookery, than the average mistress, with the aid of a professional cook, offers
for the delectation of her lord and master ashore. </span></i><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">Although the Chyebassa is not one of
the best boats on the line, she represents a good and comfortable class of
ocean-going steamers.”</span></i></p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">After spending three years in Mackay, Adolph then arrived at Southport in 1885 where he joined the </span><b style="font-family: arial;">Local Volunteer Force</b><span style="font-family: arial;"> (1885-1890). Land was surveyed and named Southport in 1875. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">An article, <i><span style="color: blue;">Ramblings in QLD from Tweed to Nerang in the Logan Witness</span> (Beenleigh) </i>Sat 21 January 1882 p4 described Southport as a '<i>favourite watering place which is making rapid strides, and will continue to do so. The place has become a rage and is "fashionable'. A an illustration of the progress it has made, I might tell you that three years ago, there was only one building here, and that land which was sold from </i></span></span><i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">£20 an allotment has since been sold for </span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">£150. There is a daily coach to and from Brisbane, also a steamer once or twice a week. A <b>school of arts is about to be established here, Mr J. R. Sabine being the chief moving spirit in the matter</b>. There are three really good hotels. Fishing forms no small part of the amusement of the visitors to Southport.'</span></i></div>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Adolph would often play his violin at Sabine's School of Arts</b>.</div></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: blue; font-style: italic;">The Brisbane Courier</span><i>, </i>Friday 23 Oct 1885 p3 featured an article on <b>Southport and the Volunteers:</b></div></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">The <b>Volunteers </b>have lately been making no small stir in this usually quiet locality. The arrival of the <b>new uniforms</b>- a neat and serviceable turn-out in blue, with white facings- was availed of by Captain Agnew as an appropriate occasion for making the corp's first military display. This took the form of a church parade, and the company, preceded by the drums and fifes, marched in good style to St John's Church, where divine service was celebrated by the Ven. Archdeacon Glennie, in the presence of an overflowing congregation. A finer body of men than the <b>Southport Volunteers</b> are not often to be met with in that arm of her Majesty's service.</span></i></div>
<i><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">On the 14th instant a <b>Volunteer ball </b>was given in the <b>School of Arts</b> for the ostensible purpose of augmenting the funds of the company, though the new uniforms might have had some slight influence in bringing about the festive occasion. the affair was a brilliant one, and the pecuniary result more than realised the anticipations of its promoters. The decorations, <b>the music (provided by Messrs Rosenstengel and Poulsen)</b>, the ladies' dresses, the refreshments, and the spirit infused into the dancing were all that could be wished.</span></i></div></i></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">For five years, he lived in the Southport area where he met the Tobin family, pioneer settlers at Tallebudgera. He married </span><b style="font-family: arial;">Katherine Tobin</b><span style="font-family: arial;"> on </span><b style="font-family: arial;">19 May 1886</b><span style="font-family: arial;">, in the Tallebudgera Catholic Church, having converted to Catholicism.</span></div></b></span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Katherine had been born in Gerringong/ Kiama New South Wales in 1865 to Irish immigrant parents Stephen and Mary Tobin (see rest of Tobin blog).</div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph and Katherine had 5 children between 1887 and 1894, the first three born in the Southport/Nerang area, and the last two, born in Lismore NSW after 1892.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1887, Poulsen was on the Electoral List for the Division of Nerang, qualification of <b><i>'Freeholder</i></b>' at Southport. Notably his father-in-law Stephen Tobin was not on the list. </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh6CnhqH05L1T4jBOvv7xuYmSk9d7zuciWtAkcGwAbBrAj24RRzLONfb3Ql7qEs0GWTFoewyUyI0uFmlghBKshmWu013DyXFWe60L0R_TuXPD7kKzMXWUJXJqg07DJJj_jsPQxm1FNLks/s1600/Logan+Witness+Sat+15+Oct+1887+p2-+Poulsen+list+of+electors.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="532" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh6CnhqH05L1T4jBOvv7xuYmSk9d7zuciWtAkcGwAbBrAj24RRzLONfb3Ql7qEs0GWTFoewyUyI0uFmlghBKshmWu013DyXFWe60L0R_TuXPD7kKzMXWUJXJqg07DJJj_jsPQxm1FNLks/s1600/Logan+Witness+Sat+15+Oct+1887+p2-+Poulsen+list+of+electors.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><em><span style="color: blue;"><strong>The Western Star and Roma Advertiser</strong></span></em> Wed 25 Aug 1886 p3 described the small settlement of Southport in an article <em>“<b>A Trip down South</b></em><b>” </b>by W. J. Lawson:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><em>We came to a popular watering place called Southport. It is beautifully situated by the sea side and is nine miles from Burleigh. The township is very well laid out, on the brow of a range of hills about 300 yards from high water mark, and contains four hotels, six stores, three boarding houses, two bakers, two butchers, one saddler, one bootmaker, and a blacksmith shop, the latter the property of Mr Joseph McGhee; he is the boss blacksmith of Southport, and is good a good “biz”. The public places of note are the court house, and police barracks, School of Arts, State School, and the Southport Grammar School. The only places of worship are the Presbyterian, Congregational and Roman Catholic churches. Strange to say there is no church of England here yet, but that denomination is very strong here. All the above are fine substantial buildings, all built of wood- none of stone to be seen anywhere; but take it all in all Southport is a beautiful place. It has a standing population of 600, and the support of those depends upon the crowds of visitors that throng it at holiday time. Last Easter Monday there was a race meeting here, and was patronised by 800 from Brisbane, and if it were not for the numbers that flock here on such occasions, Southport could not possibly go ahead, as there is no other industry, no farming, no sugar growing, no potatoes or maize, in fact nothing to provide labor for the working classes. Certainly it is very fair for carpenters and painters just at present, as there are buildings going up in every direction; but the oldest inhabitants say that as soon as this stops the place will be at a standstill.<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><em>I now think I have given a very correct description of Southport, but I forgot to mention that any poor working man who wishes to make a comfortable little home can buy land here for £200 per acre, very cheap when said quick.<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">According to a newspaper report, Adolph worked in Southport as a printer, and was living there when the article above was written.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph's skills as a violinist, was often called upon at local events. He had a close association with two local Schools, playing at their concerts, as well as the School of Arts run by Mr J.R. Sabine. Whether he taught any of the children at the schools is unknown. He no doubt provided the entertainment at musical events at the Tobin's Music Hall and hotel. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There are several newspaper reports that mentioned his contributions to local entertainment:<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier </span>Mon 14 June 1886 page 3<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Country Mails- Southport<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As regards scholastic matters, it is pleasing to note that the success of Miss Cargill’s Preparatory Grammar School has induced imitation. Southport will soon be able to boast of two first-class ladies’ schools. Mrs Chetwynd opens her establishment here in July.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The resignation of Mr P.P. Agnew as Post master of Southport has caused much regret amongst his numerous friends in this township…. As a mark of appreciation with which he is regarded here, it was determined by his musical and dramatic friends to give him a complimentary benefit. This came off on Friday evening at the School of Arts with much éclat, before a numerous and sympathetic audience.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Nearly all the available talent of Southport took part in the performance…. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">But I feel called upon to particularise as exceptionally admirable the violin solo of Mr Poulsen- the Keel Row, with variations. Mr Poulsen also rendered valuable assistance in the overtures to Fra Diavolo and Esmeralda in which he was seconded by Master Phillips</b> a clever young violinist from Miss Cargill’s school who played with a facility and correctness not a little astonishing in so juvenile a performer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span> Mon 13 December 1886 page 5<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Miss Cargill’s School of Arts<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Article on school break-up ceremony)<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A minuet dance, in which all the ladies shone to cap__ advantage was very gracefully given. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The small orchestra</b> consisted of Miss Platt and Miss Hobsen who shared the duties of pianist. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr A.G. Poulsen first violin</b>, and Mr Walter Gardner of Brisbane, second violin. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">Mr Poulsen is a Dane by birth, plying his trade as a printer in Southport at present, and his skill as a violinist is of great assistance at all the local entertainments, as he is always willing to assist in furthering any good object. The orchestra also gave a selection from Von Suppé’s well known “Poet and Peasant” and “La Couronne d’Or”.</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> The scenery was appropriate, and thanks</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">to Mr Geo. Agnew, the stage manager, everything worked without a hitch. In fact the opera could hardly have been a greater success.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span> Fri 10 Dec 1886 p2,3<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A concert was given in the School of Arts on Saturday evening being the first of a series of entertainments for augmenting the building fund of St Peter’s Anglican Church, now in process of erection in Southport. It was very numerously attended and passed off quite successfully.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">Among the more prominent numbers were a serenade with violin obligato and piano accompaniment, by Bragn, charmingly sung by Miss Drew,</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">the obligato being artistically rendered by Mr Poulsen.<o:p></o:p></b></span></i></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mr Poulsen’s fantasia on the violin proved to be another success.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">… The concert was brought to a conclusion by a glee pleasingly sung by some of Mrs Chetwynd’s young ladies.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span> Tues Dec 21 1886<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mrs Chatwynd of the Knowle, Southport, celebrated the breaking up of her school for the current year by a concert which was given by her lady pupils at the School of Arts on Saturday, the funds being devoted to the St Peter’s Church Fund.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A number of vocal and instrumental pieces were given to the entire satisfaction of the audience, which was a large one, and the piano solos by the little Misses Lock and McIntrye may be specially mentioned as deserving of warm encomium. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr A.G. Poulsen contributed a violin solo in his well known able manner.</b> Dancing was kept up at the conclusion of the concert until nearly mid-night.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span> Wed 17 Oct 1888 p4<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A correspondent writes: “The bachelors of Tallebudgera on Friday evening last entertained their friends at a plain and fancy dress ball, which, in spite of the unfavourable weather prevailing for the last few days, was well attended and proved a complete success. Mrs Dwyer’s hall had been secured for the occasion, and shortly after 8 o’clock some 25 couples were assembled, and the evening’s enjoyment began to the admirable music provided by Messrs Skott and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Poulsen of Southport</b>. The ball had been tasetefully decorated, and the floor was in admirable condition: a programme of 25 dances was gobe through with energy and spirit, several extras being subsequently insisted upon. A more enjoyable evening has never been witnesses in our township.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span> Thurs 16 May 1889 page 4,5<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A Correspondent writes from Southport<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The second of a series of entertainments now being given monthly in the School of Arts, Southport, under the management of Mr Frances, the local P.M., came off on Monday evening and was numerously attended. Mr Allison gave a lecture on Dickens. Mr Frances also read very humorously the ‘notable courtship of Bumble from :Oliver Twist’. The lecture was succeeded by<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> a concert,</b> which was well carried out by the Misses Frances, Burbell, and Cathcart, and Merrs Frances, Allison, W. Philpott, and Baker with Mrs Sabine (piano) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">and Mr Poulsen (violin),</b> the children of the State school, under the direction of their teachers sand several songs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Logan Witness </b></span>(Beenleigh) Sat 21 June 1890 p2</span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Southport Oddfellows Ball-</b></span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Took place in the <b>School of Arts</b> on Monday night last, and may fairly claim to have been a success. A nice little programme of 26 dances kept the affair going till early morn. The music was supplied by <b>Mrs Sabine (piano)</b> and<b> Mr Poulsen (violin)</b> and was a cut above what is generally met at most socials. About 40 couples were present.</span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Poulsen’s brother-in-law, John Conway Tobin, had extended his father’s hotel The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tallebudgera Hotel</i> in 1888 and renamed it the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Victoria Hotel</i>. In April 1889, Tobin transferred the license of the hotel to Adolph Poulsen. It was described in one newspaper as a “music hall”. No further information is given about this hotel and it is unknown how long he kept the license, or whether he actually contributed to the running of the hotel or whether it was in name only.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1890, the Poulsens had left Southport/Tallebudgera and lived for a period of four years at Lismore in NSW. Nothing is known about their years there, although the Trinity College music results for St Marys Catholic Convent School at Lismore showed daughters Marjorie getting a 'pass mark' in piano and Eileen getting 'honours' for violin in October 1900, and would therefore appear to have boarded at the school after their parents moved to Sydney.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By 1895, they were living at Waverley in Sydney, at “Sunnyside" 89 Cowpar Street, Waverley. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph visited some friends in July 1900- <b><span style="color: blue;">The Richmond River Herald & Northern Districts Advertiser,</span></b> Friday 6 July 1900 p4:</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>The annual ball was held at Nowra last week, and the Shoalhaven Telegraph this refers to the playing of <b>Herr Poulsen (for some years residing at Lismore):</b>- Capital music was dispensed by Mrs Cordery (piano) and Herr Poulsen, of Sydney (violin). Herr Poulsen is at present staying with Mr and Mrs Gurney, and kindly proffered his services. He is a violinist of exceptional ability, and his playing on a fine old instrument of beautiful tone will not soon be forgotten by those who had the good fortune to be present.</i></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Tues 21 June 1898 p7<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On Sunday the <b>Church of St Francis</b> held its eighth anniversary. Solemn High Mass was celebrated, the Rev. Father Lawler being the celebrant, etc… Gounod’s “Messe Solennelle” (St. Cecilia) was rendered by a large choir and orchestra led by Mr J. Miller. Miss Andrews presided at the organ, the whole being under <b>the conductorship of Herr Adolph Poulsen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>… with violin obligato played by Herr Adolph Poulsen.</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Unnamed photo in family album, thought to be (L to R) Mary Tobin, Katherine Poulsen nee Tobin, niece Alexandra Poulsen, with two of Katherine's children, possibly Theodore and Myra c.1897, at their home in Cowper Street Waverley</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Katherine died of pneumonia and heart failure on 16 August 1901 at the young age of 36, leaving her young children aged between 7 and 14. Death notices appeared in the Sydney Morning Herald, from her husband, inviting friends to attend her funeral, and also one from her niece Alexandra Poulsen, daughter of Adolph's brother August Poulsen who was staying with them.</span></span><br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Sat 17 Aug 1901 p18<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>FUNERAL NOTICES<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>POULSEN</strong>- The Friends of Herr ADOLPH<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>POULSEN are respectfully invited to attend the Funeral of his late beloved WIFE, Catherine; to move from Sunnyside, 88(?) Cowper-street, Waverley, TO-MORROW (Sunday) Afternoon, at 3 o’clock to R.C. Cemetery Waverley<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">POULSEN- The Friends of Miss ALEXANDRA POULSEN are respectfully invited to attend the Funeral of her late beloved AUNT, Mrs Catherine Poulsen; to move from Sunnyside etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">19 Aug 1901 p1<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>POULSEN</strong>- August 16, 1901, at her residence, Sunnyside __ Cowper-street, Waverley, Katherine Mary, the death beloved wife of Herr Adolph Poulsen, of pneumonia, aged 36 years, R.I.P. Western Australian papers please copy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">RETURN THANKS<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Herr ADOLPH POULSEN, FAMILY, and NIECE desire to return their sincere and heartfelt THANKS to their many kind friends for floral tributes, telegrams, letters, cards, and kind messages of sympathy in their recent sad bereavement.</span></span></i><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following obituary appeared in the <span style="color: blue;"><i>Freemans Journal</i></span> Sat 24 August 1901 p28:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Mrs Poulsen- Many will regret to learn that pneumonia has been responsible for the death of Mrs Poulsen, wife of Herr Adolph Poulsen, the well-known musician of Waverley, which occurred on Friday last after a few days' illness. Mrs Poulsen only a week before her death was in robust health, assisting to do honour to the Very Rev, Father Kennedy O.F.M. and the news of her death was not known to many till its announcement in St Charles's Church on Sunday. The deceased lady, who was only 36 years of age, was a daughter of Mr S. Tobin of Bundanoon. She was of a genial disposition, and entered with zest into every religious or charitable work in connection with the Waverley Parish. She was a member of the Third Order of St Francis, at the meeting of whose members on Sunday last her demise was announced by Father Birch. The funeral took place to the Waverley Cemetery on Sunday afternoon. R.I.P.</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Following the death of his wife, leaving him with the difficult job of raising five young children, Adolph called on his father-in-law, Stephen Tobin, and his two sisters-in-law Louisa and Lily Tobin for help. The children spent some of their childhood in Bundanoon where Stephen (until his death in 1904) and Louisa and Lily resided, the two spinsters having been appointed postmistresses at Bundanoon from 1899. The children attended school in nearby Moss Vale, travelling by train. They remained very fond of their aunts and visited them regularly. Louisa died in 1931, and by 1950 Lily was residing at the Bundanoon Hotel, dying in 1955<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Sat 14 June 1902 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Handel’s Oratatio “Judas Maccabaeus” will be rendered in the above Church on Wed, June 18 at 6pm by an augmented choir and an efficient orchestra (over 100 performers).<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Principals: Leader of Orchestra: Herr Adolph Poulsen, etc<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Proceeds in aid of Choir Funds.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Fri 29 May 1903 p7<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SACRED CONCERT AT WAVERLEY<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There was a very large and appreciative attendance at St Charles’ Church, Waverley, on Wednesday night, when a sacred concert was given by the church choir, assisted by several well-known artists.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mr Joseph Tracy acted as conductor, whilst a capable orchestra was led by Herr Poulsen.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(lists performers and music)… Herr Adolph Poulsen also contributed an air by Bach, with orchestra and organ accompaniment. … The proceeds were in aid of the parochial debt.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph was teaching violin and in 1904 he began the Sydney Juvenile Orchestra.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wed 27 Jan 1904 p9<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SYDNEY JUVENILE ORCHESTRA<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In another column Herr Adolph Poulsen draws attention to the Sydney Juvenile Orchestra, which he is promoting with the object of accustoming young students to ensemble playing and in this way preparing them for orchestral work in later life.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">The Sydney Morning Herald<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wed 27 April 1904 p7<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SYDNEY JUVENILE ORCHESTRA<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The first concert of the Sydney Juvenile Orchestra will be given at St James’ Hall tonight under the conductorship of Herr Adolph Poulsen, when the pupils of Mr Harry Leston will also deliver recitations. Vocal and instrumental solos will be included in the programme.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wed 23 Nov 1904 p7<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SYDNEY JUVENILE ORCHESTRA<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There was a good attendance at St James’ Hall last night when the Sydney Juvenile Orchestra under Herr Adolph Poulsen, performed a number of selections which excited the warm applause of the audience. Those assisting as soloists were Misses Neville Vane. Etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wed 23 May 1905 p10<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SYDNEY JUVENILE ORCHESTRA<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Sydney Juvenile Orchestra of nearly 60 players including some two score juvenile strings, gave their fourth concert at St James’s Hall last night under Herr Adolph Poulsen’s direction. The rehearsal of so many young people must be an arduous affair, “perfection” more or less resembling the vanishing point in perspective drawing. At the same time, the “Nabuco” Symphony, the march “Under the Double Eagle” (by a composer unfortunately named Wagner, but evidently having no connection with the great one), the “Famous Champagne” galop (Lumbye), and the “Happy Days in Dixie” may be named amongst the pieces that were creditably rendered. The applause was of the heartiest, and during the interval Herr Poulsen was presented with an illuminated address and a dressing case by his youthful band. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">The Sydney Morning Herald<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wed 23 May 1906 p12<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Sydney Juvenile Orchestra gave their sixth annual concert at St James’s Hall last night, when Herr Adolph Poulsen conducted about 50 performers, tow score of whom belong to the string section. It is hardly possible to criticise seriously these immature efforts, but it is hoped that they have a good effect in stimulating an early interest in orchestral music. “Teaching the young idea to shoot,” at the right note, if persevered in, would lead at last to a steadily tuneful ensemble, but as a general rule the young people leave before reaching that point of comparative perfection. In last night’s programme the Juvenile Orchestra rendered a “Faust” selection arranged by J. Riviere, an air de ballet (“La Gazelle”) Corbin’s Spanish valse “San Tiago”, and similar pieces, in all of which their endeavours were cordially applauded. Miss Eileen Poulsen (violin), Mrs Lawrence and Mr E. J. Bowen (songs), Miss Muriel Henderson and Miss Wardell (recitations) contributed to a bright entertainment.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In correspondence with the Technical Museum (re donating his violin), he described himself as a <em>'Violin Teacher'</em>.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph’s daughter, <b>Eileen Poulsen,</b> was also an excellent musician, playing the piano for the silent movies in picture theatres and in high class hotels and restaurants in Sydney (Australia Hotel in Sydney and in the Grand Ballroom at the Carrington Hotel in Katoomba during the 1920’s) She taught at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music, played for the Sydney Orchestra, and she also took a band to play in Java, Indonesia before the First World War (c.1913).</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">Adolph's</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"> children had a close bond with Katherine's sisters, particularly Aunt Louisa (Louie) and Lily Tobin who ran the Bundanoon Post Office for many years, and helped him raise them. They often visited them in Bundanoon during their childhood and in their later years. (Source- Eileen’s son Niall and g</span>randdaughter.) <o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There are several newspaper reports during the
period 1906-1908 where Eileen, Theodore and Myra performed at concerts in
Bundanoon, with Eileen playing violin, and Theodore and Myra singing.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>In 1909</b> Adolph gave evidence concerning his knowledge of violin makers at a trial in Sydney:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">The Sydney Morning Herald<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Sat 27 March 1909 p6<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">DISTRICT COURT<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Before Judge Murray<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SALE OF A VIOLIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Spring v. Staell<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Plaintiff sued defendant to recover ₤50 damages for alleged misrepresentation in connection with the sale by him to plaintiff of a violin. Plaintiff said that in consequence of defendant’s representation that the violin was a genuine Grancino she bought it from him for ₤47 5s, which she paid with her own cheque, The violin was not genuine.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The defence was not guilty, that the instrument was a Grancino, and that no guarantee was given.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Alfred Sayer, head of the violin department of Nicholason and Co. of George Street said the violin (produced) was brought to him a few days ago for his opinion as the its age and value. He considered it worth from ₤7 to ₤8, and thought it a German instrument made in Saxony.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">Adolph Poulsen</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">, teacher of the violin, said he had had about 40 years experience of the violin. In his opinion the instrument produced was of German make. It was certainly not a Grancino.<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Arthur Sewell (in his defence) said he bought it in Dresden Germany for ₤30 and in his opinion the one produced was an old instrument- a Grancino. Etc.</span></span></i><br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>In 1911,</b> Adolph returned to Copenhagen for several months, </span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">according to the following record, and stayed in the house of Petersen in Holmens Kanal,</span></span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> a
street crossing the canal, past the Holmen’s Church. No 40 was opposite the church.</span></span></i><br />
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<i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Notably Thorlak Gudmundsen and his children, including
Adolph’s mother Charlotte (aged 15) were lodgers with the Petersen family in
the 1840 Census- Ane Petersen, widow aged 49 and her children, Caroline aged 8
and Carl aged 5, living in Spring Street, Rosenborg Neighbourhood in the city
centre.</span></span></i></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeLQX20AA_z_m4NGcZMH9hKF61qyXjus_sNeMr2ABo_xrxZRITgLr5AdCQLvsvBwYoZKHmkhmnhhzAEh_3iKgE_bVwaYAE9d1pncUVoebhgYCgZDsoM327act5-2sFAq6YapzhgjRdQPo/s1600/Ferdinand+Adolph+Poulsen+returned+to+Denmark+in+1911.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1003" data-original-width="805" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeLQX20AA_z_m4NGcZMH9hKF61qyXjus_sNeMr2ABo_xrxZRITgLr5AdCQLvsvBwYoZKHmkhmnhhzAEh_3iKgE_bVwaYAE9d1pncUVoebhgYCgZDsoM327act5-2sFAq6YapzhgjRdQPo/s640/Ferdinand+Adolph+Poulsen+returned+to+Denmark+in+1911.JPG" width="512" /></a></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>In the 1913 NSW Electoral Roll for Waverley:</b></span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Address- 89 Cowper Street Waverley:</span></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Poulsen, Adolph George, musician</span></span></i><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Poulsen, Alexandria Elvina, domestic duties </i>(niece)</span></span></span><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Poulsen, Marjorie Vaughan, clerk (daughter)</span></span></i><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><i>Poulsen, Theodore Sylvester, clerk (son)</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><i><b>In the 1914 NSW Post Office Directory:</b></i></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><i>Poulsen, Adolph, 89 Cowper Street Waverley</i></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><i>Poulsen, Miss Ethel, Cowper Street Waverley, tchr violin (??? Eileen maybe?)</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><p class="MsoNormal"><a name="_Hlk88813576"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Notably, Adolph’s niece <b>Alexandra
Elvina Poulsen</b> was living with the Poulsen family in 1913. She was the
daughter of Adolph’s elder brother August Waldemar Theodor Poulsen who arrived
in Maryborough in 1870, and settled in Cooktown where Alexandra was born in
1879, before dying in Rockhampton in 1893. <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: #333333; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;">ADOLPH
POULSEN'S NATURALIZATION</span></u></b></span></p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">Adolph first applied for citizenship/naturalisation in 1915, which
was granted. He was living at Goulburn at the time, stating he had lived there
for 10 months. He also stated that one of his sons was living in Goulburn,
which may be the reason he was living there. It was also not far from Bund</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">anoon (see below for application form).</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By 1916, Adolph was calling himself <i><b>Professor Poulsen</b></i>. He had returned to Lismore to conduct an orchestra in accompaniment of a play:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><i>Northern Star (Lismore)</i></span> Mon 28 Aug 1916 p4:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>FEDERAL PICTURES</i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>A large audience greeted the initial production of the Metro-Art picture "The High Road", at the Federal Hall on Saturday night. The realistic scene depicting the terrible fire at the factory, where the girls had been locked in by the manager and the subsequent rescue by the fire brigades, fairly carried the audience away. The music rendered by the orchestra under the direction of <b>Professor Poulsen</b> was of high merit. During the interval, <b>Professor Poulsen</b> rendered a violin solo "Une Petite Plainte" by Poussard. The same programme with be shown to-night.</i></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">And again, he performed in Lismore in October 1916<i>- <span style="color: blue;">Northern Star</span>, Tues 10 October 1916 p4:</i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>SACRED CONCERT</i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>A large and appreciative audience attended the sacred concert given by the Lismore Citizen's Band, assisted by local vocalists and instrumentalists last Sunday night. The solos, which were of a purely sacred nature, were rendered in such a manner as to gain the entire approbation of the audience. The programme...... <b>Mr A. Poulsen</b> displayed great ability in his violin solo "Reverie", by Veuxtemps, receiving well deserved applause.</i></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1921, Adolph Poulsen was employed by the Steamship Company of New Zealand on their passenger cargo vessel, the 'Makura'. He is listed in the manifest of crew members on four trips between Sydney and Hawaii in July, August, November and December 1921, the first two as a 1st Grade Steward, and the second two as a musician to entertain the passengers. The 'Makura' was the first steamship specifically built for the Sydney-Vancouver passenger service, catering for 207 first class, 114 second class and 72 third class passengers. Early the following year he remarried, so does not appear to have continued with this job.</span><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1922, Adolph applied for the new Certificate of Naturalization under the new Nationality Act of 1920. At that time he was living at 7 Challis Flats, Challis Avenue, Potts Point, Sydney. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He described himself as <b>62 yrs of age, 5 ft 6 in., dark brown hair and brown eyes. </b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The timing of Adolph's first application is interesting. Within one week of the declaration of war with Germany in August 1914, all German subjects in Australia were declared 'enemy aliens' and were required to report to the Government and notify their address. By February 1915, it also included naturalised migrants as well as Australian born persons whose fathers or grandfathers had been born in Germany or Austria, and the Government pursued a policy of selective internment, targeting leaders of the German Australian community including pastors of the Lutheran Church and businessmen. Some were accused of being disloyal by neighbours and dobbed into the police. As Adolph had very German sounding names, maybe this was the reason he took out naturalization, declaring he was of Danish nationality not German.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He also stated in his application in <b>June 1915</b> that: </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="font-weight: bold;">Since his arrival in Australia, he had resided at Mackay 3 years, took the Oath of Allegiance to HM Queen Victoria and served in the Volunteer Force, Southport QLD 5 years, Lismore NSW 4 years, Sydney 20 years, Goulburn 10 months </i>(where his son was residing at the time<b>).</b></span></span><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1915</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>1922</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Naturalization Certificate 4 April 1922</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><u>Adolph Poulsen's second Marriage:</u></b></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Adolph remarried 27 February 1922 to Frances Daisy Bevill (widow):</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><i>Sydney Morning Herald</i> 22 April 1922 p9</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> It is unknown what happened to Frances, and she is not named in his funeral notice. Nor was she living with him in Brougham Street Darlinghurst in the 1930 Electoral Roll. There is no death record in the NSW BDM for a Frances Poulsen.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Frances Daisy Bevill nee Watts was the widow of Frederick Bevill M.A. who died in 1911 aged 63 at his home in Randwick. She had married him in 1901, a year after his first wife died (viz. Annie, by whom he had a daughter Florence in 1878). Frederick's obituary stated that "he was well known in scholastic circles and many of the leading citizens claim him as their educational mentor". "He was recognized as a capable <em>mathemaritic</em> and newspaper dramatic critic of high attainment." He was also secretary for about 10 years of the Licensed Victuallers' Association. In the early 1880's he was headmaster of Royston College in Woolloomooloo, but became insolvent in 1886 (having earlier been insolvent in 1877). A Cambridge graduate, he had edited a paper in China and Japan. In Sydney he often gave public lectures on scientific subjects such as the tides, the arctic ice and icebergs, the coral reef, etc, and even hypnotism and mesmerism.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p>In 1924, Adolph appears to be living at or visiting Parkes, although without a forename in the articles, the relevance is uncertain:</o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p>In the <span style="color: blue;"><i>Western Champion,</i></span> Parkes, Thurs 20 March 1924 p9:</o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><b><i>T</i></b><i>HE CONCERT</i></o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><i>The National Concert in the Parkes Picture Palace in the evening brought a 'perfect day' to a fitting conclusion. The large hall was well filled with a thoroughly representative and sympathetic audience, who apparently enjoyed every item of the diversified programme which was presented...... A violin solo by Mr Poulsen 'St Patricks Day' with Yankee Doodle' as an encore followed.</i></o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><i><br /></i></o:p></span></span></span></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p>This was followed on Thur 26 June 1924 p13 <i>(</i><span style="color: blue;"><i>Western Champion)</i></span><i> with:</i></o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><i>SUCCESSFUL CONCERT</i></o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><i>On Tuesday night a very successful "Shilling Pop" in aid of the funds of the Parents and Citizens Association was held at the P.P.P. There was an excellent attendance and the fine programme presented was arranged by Mrs Smiles. The programme was as follows: Duet, <b>Professor Poulsen</b> and Edgar Smiles.... Violin trio. Miss Madge Sanders,Jack Davis and <b>Professor Poulsen</b></i></o:p></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By 1929 he was living at 126 Brougham Street, Kings Cross, Darlinghurst. A <em>Mrs Mayhew</em> of 45 King's Cross Road handed Adolph's violin to the curator of the Technical Museum in 1932, and handled his correspondence with the curator due to Adolph's illness. In 1930, Adolph's son Theodore was living in nearby Wylde Road, Darlinghurst with his wife Lillian.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><strong>Adolph Poulsen's death</strong></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph was living in Hurstville Sydney, at 10 Hurstville street, with his daughter Eileen Spain, when he died on 8 July 1932 of a cerebral haemorrhage at North Shore Hospital, and was buried in Waverley Cemetery with his wife and family. </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Sydney Morning Herald, 13 July 1932, p.10- funeral notice</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph and son, Raymond, who died 10 years before, were buried in the same grave #2282, Section 17 (Roman Catholic). <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">The Sydney Morning Herald- </span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">Mon 3 July 1922 p8<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></i></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">POULSEN- July 1, 1922, Raymond Horace, youngest son of Adolph Poulsen, late of Waverley, aged 28 years, R.I.P.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wife Katherine, her father Stephen Tobin, and second son Theodore Poulsen are all buried in the same grave #2281, Section 17, adjacent to #2282, the two plots combined into one large family grave.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The large family grave has a very elaborate memorial covered with Irish Catholic symbols, and is positioned overlooking the sea. As Katherine and her son Raymond share the same marble plaque, it would appear that Adolph must have had the elaborate memorial constructed after his son's death in 1922. Adolph's plain plaque is on the ground below his son, while Stephen Tobin's equally plain plaque is on the ground below his daughter Katherine. There is no plaque for son Theodore who was the last to be buried in the plot.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">The two semi-headstones on either side of the central carving may have been cut down from the two original headstones of Katherine and Stephen's original graves. Interestingly, even though the memorial was constructed by a Dane who had converted from Lutheranism to Catholicism, the memorial is purely Irish Catholicism in its symbolism. (see symbolism explanation at bottom of this chapter)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Katherine's plaque is rather touching, with the words:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>"Sleep darling- sleep and take thy rest"</em></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>(see Waverley Cemetery Map and grave location details in Chapter 6)</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Grave * overlooking the sea</strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";">Notably, Waverley cemetery also holds the magnificent Memorial to Irish rebel leader Michael Dwyer and the 1798 Irish Rebels.</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Children of FERDINAND ADOLPH POULSEN and KATHERINE TOBIN are:</strong></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">i.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MARJORIE VAUGHAN POULSEN</b>, b. 09 March 1887, Brisbane, Queensland<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Australia; d. 1942 Brisbane QLD (QLD 1942/B58852); married ARTHUR TEKLOOT, 15 October 1913, Waverley, New South Wales; b. 1884 Liverpool, Sydney, NSW; d.1969 St Leonards Sydney (NSW- 27318/1969).<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ii.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">EILEEN BEATRICE POULSEN</b>, b. 01 August 1888; d. 23 February 1964 Brisbane (Reg. B64108- NB. under<b> Ieleen B. Spain</b>). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">married in Sydney in 1924 to WILLIAM JOSEPH </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SPAIN, b. 15 August 1888 Limerick Ireland, (dentist, served in A.I.F. in WWI) d. 18 January 1938 at Randwick Military Hospital, Sydney, NSW, buried at Katoomba RC Cemetery.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">iii.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">THEODORE SYLVESTER POULSEN</b>, b. 29 April 1890<i><sup>17</sup></i>; d. 22 March </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1965, Manly, Sydney, </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">NSW. Married 1st MAUD A. LEYDON at Manly in 1915 (she died 1924 at Sydney). He married 2nd LILLIAN J. CRAWFORD in August 1924 at Balmain North, Sydney, NSW, and divorced 6 August 1937. He married 3rd LENA MoORELLA 30 August __ and divorced 30 August 1946 Canberra ACT.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">iv.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MYRA LILLIAN POULSEN</b>, b. 1892, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia; d. 9 Oct. </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1948, </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Brisbane Queensland, Australia. married PHILIP ROWLING NOTT on 11 September 1916 at St Leonards Sydney NSW- see below for details<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">v.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">RAYMOND HORACE POULSEN</b>, b. 1894, Lismore, New South Wales,</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong> Marjorie Poulsen</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Arthur & Marjorie (Poulsen) TeKloot</b></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Eileen Poulsen</span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Myra Poulsen as a child</span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Myra Poulsen</span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Myra Nott nee Poulsen at the beach</span></b></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";">THEODORE SYLVESTOR POULSEN:</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1913 Electoral Roll- living in Margaret Street Toowoomba, occupation: clerk</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1930- Living in Ronald Flats Wylde Street Darlinghurst, with his wife Lillian, occupation: traveller</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">1958 living in Pacific Lodge Fisher Rd, DeeWhy, no wife listed, no occupation/retired.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As the last legal grantee of the Tobin/Poulsen grave at Waverley cemetery, his last address given was Mulwala House, Canberra, ACT.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">M</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">YRA</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> L</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">ILLIAN</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> P</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">OULSEN</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> was born 1892 in Lismore, New South Wales, Australia, and died on 9 October 1948 in Brisbane Queensland, Australia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She married <strong>P</strong></span><strong><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">HILIP</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> R</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">OWLING</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> N</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">OTT</span></strong><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> on 11 September 1916 in Sydney, NSW, son of P</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">HILIP</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> N</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">OTT</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> and M</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">ARTHA</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> W</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">RIGHT of Brisbane (see Nott Family History blog- link below)</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was born 7 May 1887 in Brisbane Queensland, Australia, and died 1945 in Brisbane Queensland, Australia.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Philip and Myra Nott</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Myra is buried at South Brisbane Cemetery.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Grave of Myra Nott</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>The Nott's favourite holiday spot on Point Danger overlooking Rainbow Bay, Greenmount, and the Tweed at Cooloongatta, the Gold Coast, QLD in the 1930's</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Philip Rowling Nott was born in Brisbane in 1887. He was educated at Brisbane Grammar School, 1901 to 1905, and won Lilley Medals for distinction in Greek, Latin and English; Lower school Silver Medal in 1903 and Upper School Gold Medal in 1905.</span></span><br />
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<strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Philip Rowling Nott</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1906 he joined the staff of the Royal Bank. He later qualified as an accountant (A.F.I.A. and A.I.A.Q.) with the Queensland National Bank.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Philip played A grade tennis. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He married Myra Poulsen, the daughter of a Danish musician, in September 1916, and had their first child, Patricia, the following October. Their son, Philip Arthur was born in 1922. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Philip became Secretary for Gunnerson Crockett, a timber importing firm, which became insolvent during the 1927-35 Depression. He battled on during the bad years in various casual occupations including keeping books, taxation etc for Arnold Young, chemist, his sister Isabel's husband.</span></span><br />
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<strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Philip Rowling Nott in Brisbane</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Before and during World War 2, he was on staff of the National Mutual Life Association as an insurance salesman. During the War, he joined the R.A.A.F. as a Pilot Officer, instructing in maths and navigation to young lads who intended to join the R.A.A.F. when old enough.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">His son, Philip Anthony Nott, also joined the R.A.A.F. in December 1941 as a pilot. He was a Flight Lieutenant in the 31 Squadron, flying Beaufighter planes over New Guinea. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Philip Rowling died during the last year of the war on 2 August 1945, at the relatively young age of 58. He was described as a company secretary, and they were living at no. 9 Cordelia Street, South Brisbane. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>Blog on Nott family:</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p><a href="http://nott-wrightfamilyhistory.blogspot.com.au/2013/04/ch1-introduction.html">http://nott-wrightfamilyhistory.blogspot.com.au/2013/04/ch1-introduction.html</a></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> Christmas at Brereton Street, Sth Brisbane c.1928</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Front row L-R: <b>Marjorie teKloot nee Poulsen</b>, children <b>Philip and Patricia Nott</b> with mother <b>Myra Nott nee Poulsen</b> with hands on son, husband <b>Philip Nott</b> back left in tall hat;</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">others unknown, but would appear to be the Poulsen/Tobin clan, with possibly <b>Adolph Poulsen</b> in the suit in the centre next to his 2nd wife Daisy with possibly son <b>Theodore Poulsen</b> beside him; possibly sister <b>Eileen Spain nee Poulsen</b> on right next to Myra and possibly <b>Loui and Lily Tobin</b> on the other side of Myra.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Children of MYRA POULSEN and PHILIP NOTT:</b></span></span><br />
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<strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Myra with Philip and Patricia c. 1923-24</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">i<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">.PATRICIA MARJORIE NOTT</b>, b.1917, Brisbane Queensland, Australia; d.</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">1991, Brisbane Queensland, Australia; m. (1) ROBERT WILLIAM ALFRED </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">MARSHALL, 1942, Brisbane, Queensland (b. 1911; d. Unknown); m. (2) OLEG </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">VITTE in 1950, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; issue one daughter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Patricia was born in Sandgate, Brisbane. She was rather adventurous and took flying lessons in 1937 at Archerfield Aerodrome. She finally gained her pilot's licence on 3 February 1938 and was licensed to fly Taylor Cubs and D.H.60G planes. She also did her training on a Gypsy Moth plane. This was not long after the first female pilots began flying in the early 1930's. It was a time when female pilots were a rare breed. She continued flying until the outbreak of WW2, in 1939. Patricia died from chest injuries caused in a car accident in 1991.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Patricia's pilot's licence dated 3 Feb 1938</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Pat in a DH 60C in 1939</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Patricia on a flight in 1938</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>The Taylor J2 Cub at QANTAS at Archerfield</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Flying over Mitchell QLD </strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Patricia Nott 1938</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Pat’s husband, OLEG VITTE was born in Harbin Manchuria (Russian Quarter) and emigrated with his Russian parents in 1925 on the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mishna Maru,</i> a Japanese freighter. This was shortly after the Russian revolution had concluded with the defeat of the remaining White Russian Army that had held out at Vladivostok until 1922. Oleg and his father Richard and elder brother Vladimir were naturalised in 1933. Oleg served on the HMAS “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Gympie</i>” during WWII and following the war gained a degree in Civil Engineering, working in the Dept of Ground Water for the Qld Government. They had one daughter. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ii.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PHILIP NOTT</b>, b.1922, Brisbane, QLD; m. FLORA MCNEIL in 1948; </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">d.2012; issue: 4 sons</span></span><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Myra and Philip Nott with son Philip at the beach</span></b></div>
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<strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Flight Lieutenant Philip A Nott in R.A.A.F. during WWII</span></strong></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";">31 Squadron flying Beaufort fighters</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><u><span style="color: blue;">SYMBOLISM OF THE FAMILY GRAVE AT WAVERLEY<o:p></o:p></span></u></strong></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">The magnificent memorial over the Tobin/Poulsen grave at Waverley cemetery is covered with religious and Irish symbols</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: black;">.</span> An American website by Doug Gray </span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.christiansymbols.net/"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">www.christiansymbols.net</span></span></a></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU"> describes many of these symbols:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red;">Shamrock</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">- often seen on Irish graves, symbolizes the three leaf shamrock used by St. Patrick to explain the Trinity to the Irish unfamiliar with Christianity. Patrick plucked a shamrock and explained that although the stalk has one leaf, the leaf is divided into three separate leaflets, as, too, the Trinity- the Father, the Son, and Holy Spirit. It is said that he converted many people to Christianity that day. It also denotes Irish roots as it is the national flower and symbol of Ireland. Apart from the Trinity, the three leaves also symbolizes faith, hope and charity; or past, present and future. Irish culture and ancient Celtic Druid cultures believed that the plant had magical powers such as predicting storms, etc. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red;">Colour White</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU">- white symbolizes light, purity, innocence, joy, virginity and purification.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; line-height: 115%;">Celtic Harp</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">- the national emblem of Ireland, as well as a symbol of joy in heavenly music. It has been recognized for eight hundred years as the national emblem, despite British attempts to ban it through the centuries of occupation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; line-height: 115%;">Celtic Cross</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">- a very ancient form of the cross used by Christians in Great Britain, Ireland and surrounding areas. The circle represents eternity. It is often used to distinguish Irish graves.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; line-height: 115%;">Latin Cross (cross of Calvary)</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;">- the cross being empty symbolizes the Resurrection<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: red; line-height: 115%;">The centrepiece</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"> is a bit of a mystery especially the two different arms that are reaching up out of the clouds. On contacting Doug Gray, he had not seen one like it before. His interpretation is that: God, because He is a Spirit, is never depicted as a full man, however, throughout history He has been depicted as a hand or arm coming out of the clouds. In this case, one arm symbolizes God. The other symbolizes the soul departing to Heaven and uniting with God, which ties in with the phrase below “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">My God and My All”.</i> The question is- which arm belongs to whom?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 115%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Elizabeth Wheeler, a researcher of gravestone symbolism, questions whether either of the arms represents God as His arm would be reaching down, not up, and these hands are open, beseeching. However, the sleeved arm is stretched sideways out of the cloud, whereas the bare arm is reaching up for salvation. A difficult one to interpret.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b><u>ANCESTRY OF LARS POULSEN, FATHER OF FERDINAND ADOLPH POULSEN</u></b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As previously mentioned Lars Poulsen was the son of unmarried mother <b>Edel Sophie Dreyer</b>; the sire was also named <b>Lars Poulsen</b>. They did not marry nor did they live together, so presumably the pregnancy was an accident. Edel Sophie, known as Sophie (and some records have Elen Sophie), came from a well-to-do family, so her pregnancy was probably considered very shameful at the time. Sophie was sent to have her baby to a small village called Skovhuse in Esbonderup, a few miles west of their home in Helsingor, in the county of Frederiksborg, north of Copenhagen on the island of Zealand. The father, Lars Poulsen was a 'huckster' or hoker in Danish, which was a small grocer, with a shop in the Market town area of Helsingor. </span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Adolph played violin at professional level, and considering that his father’s occupation was a manual one, listed as a ‘travelling bricklayer’ in the Danish Census records, questions arise as to how the family managed to purchase an expensive antique violin by one of the world’s renowned violin makers, and pay for expensive violin lessons. The answer appears to come from Adolph’s paternal grandmother’s family and their ancestry.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br />The following records follow the Dreyer family back to the 1600's, and also Lars Poulsen Senior's family.</span><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Map of Denmark- this family originates from the island of Zealand/Sjaelland (capital Copenhagen), and the island of Fyn (Odense)</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <b><span style="color: blue;">1855 Danish Census for Copenhagen</span></b>, we are given the following information:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lars Poulsen, 31, bricklayer, birth place Esbonderup Parish, County of Frederiksborg<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></b></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Carlotte Gudmundsen </b>29, his wife, born Copenhagen<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>August Poulsen</b>, 4, son, born Copenhagen<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Carl Poulsen, </b>2, son, born Ballerup Parish, Copenhagen</span></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Ingeborg Gudmundsen</b>, 29, twin sister, born Copenhagen<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">From that information we can look for records of Lars Poulsen, born c.1823-24 in Esbonderup Parish in the County of Fredericksborg, north of Copenhagen, and the following records confirm this.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ANCESTRY OF LARS POULSEN<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-AU">Lars Poulsen</span></b><span lang="EN-AU"> was the illegitimate son of <b>Sophie Dreyer (aka Edel/Aedel Sophie Dreyer, and Elen Sophie Dreyer/Dreier in various records), </b>described as <i>'Ugift</i>'= unmarried. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-AU">He was born in <b>Skovhusene, in Esbonderup Parish</b>. The record states that Sophie was from <b>Helsingor, Esb</b></span></span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">ǿ</b><b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">nderup Parish in the County of Fredericksborg</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">, but was living in the home of Anders Nielson at the time of the birth/baptism. The </span><b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">father of the child was named as Lars Poulsen</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">, a ‘huckster’ living in Helsingor.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following baptismal record in Danish is translated below<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(my grateful thanks to Morten Stryhn, a distant cousin, for his help with accessing and interpreting these records).<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- </b></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Esbǿnderup Sogn- Kontraministerialbog 1815-2004 p.33)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #1f497d;">Esbønderup Sogn:</span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: red;">Aar og Datum</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">: Født Søndag mellem Juul og Nye Aar, d. 28. Dec. 1823.</span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: red;">Barnets fulde Navn</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">: Lars Poulsen.</span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: red;">Daabens Datum enten i Kirken eller Hiemme</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">: Hiemmed. 1. Jan., 18. Jan i Kirken 1824.</span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span style="color: red;">Forældrenes Navn, Stand, Haandtering og Bopæl</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">: Ugift Sophie Dreyer, fra Helsingøer, til huse hos Anders Nielsen i Skovhusene. Udlagt til Barnefader Spækhøker Lars Poulsen, boende i Stjernegaden i Helsingøer.</span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #1f497d;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: red;">Faddernes Navn, Stand og Opholdssted</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">: Sophie Meelby, Koldbjørns Hustrue i Skovhusene Knudsen ____ , Anders Nielsen, Hans Christiansen og Ole Skomager, alle af Skovhuse.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #1f497d;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><u>Translation:</u></b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">Esbønderup</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"> <span class="hps">Shire </span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: red;">Date of Birth</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: red;">:</span><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"> </span><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">Sunday</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"> <span class="hps">28</span> <span class="hps">December</span> <span class="hps">1823</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: red;">Child's</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: red;"> <span class="hps">full</span> <span class="hps">name:</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"> </span><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">Lars</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"> <span class="hps">Poulsen.</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><br /></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: red;">Baptism</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: red;"> <span class="hps">Date</span> <span class="hps">either</span> <span class="hps">in</span> <span class="hps">church</span> <span class="hps">or</span> at <span class="hps">home</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">: <b> <span class="hps">January 1, 1824 at home.</span>, <span class="hps">January 18, 1824</span> <span class="hps">in the Church</span></b><span class="hps"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">(It was important that the child was baptised before it died in case the child shows signs of disease, so the child was first baptised at home, then baptism is confirmed in the church later)</span></i><span class="hps"><br /></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: red;">Parents'</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: red;"> <span class="hps">name</span> and r<span class="hps">esidence:</span> </span><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">Unmarried</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"> <span class="hps">Sophie</span> <span class="hps">Dreyer,</span> <span class="hps">from</span> <span class="hps">Helsingøer</span>, <span class="hps">living in the house of</span> <span class="hps">Anders</span> <span class="hps">Nielsen</span> <span class="hps">in</span> Skovhusene</span></b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: red;">Father </span></span><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">Lars</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"> <span class="hps">Poulsen</span>, residing <span class="hps">in</span> <span class="hps">Stjernegaden in</span> <span class="hps">Helsingøer, ‘Spaekhoker’.</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">Spaekhoker is a profession- at the time, the grocery trade was split into different professions, </span></i><i><span lang="EN">especially in the big towns, eg.</span></i><i> Hørkræmmer, </i><i><span lang="EN"> (flaxshopkeeper), </span></i><i>Spækhøker</i><i><span lang="EN"> (huckster) and </span></i><i>Urtekræmmer</i><i> <span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">(grocer). Lars Poulsen probably had a little store somewhere in the town, probably in the street “Stjernegade”, in which he also lived.<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Spækhøker (huckster): Older name for retailer who sold bacon, hams, sausages, chickens, geese, eggs, butter, flour, bread, beer and spirits. Huckster was socially slightly higher than Hørkræmmeren who was selling iron, coal, herring, salt and flax, but lower than the Urtekræmmeren (grocer) who sold eg coffee, tea, sugar, spices and lemons. (thanks to Morten Stryhn for this explanation)<span style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;">Sophie</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d;"> <span class="hps">Meelby</span>, <span class="hps">Wife</span> of Koldbjorn <span class="hps">Knudsen</span> <span class="hps">____</span>, <span class="hps">Anders</span> <span class="hps">Nielsen</span>, Hans <span class="hps">Christiansen</span> <span class="hps">and</span> <span class="hps">Ole</span> <span class="hps">Skomager</span>, <span class="hps">all</span> <span class="hps">of</span> <span class="hps">Skovhuse</span></span></b><span class="hps"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">What relationship Anders Nielson, or the Godparent Sophie Meelby/Knudsen are to Sophie Dreyer, is not yet established.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Skovhusene</b> is in the southern part of the <b>parish of Esbonderup</b>- see map below<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">In Wikipedia, in a description of ‘Esbonderup’, Esbonderup Skovhuse is described as “<i>a small village south of Esbonderup, in North Zealand. The area was formerly known for its strange existences include consisting of poachers and charcoal burner. Today the buildings are characterised by large villas and well-kept farms and smallholdings.”</i> Esbonderup has Denmark’s oldest hospital (1755).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><b>Map of Skovhuse in Esbonderup, west of Helsingor, in the County of Frederiksborg</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">which is north of Copenhagen</span></b></span></span></div>
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Poulsen died in Kobenhavn in 1897 at Kommune Hospital. His record names his
mother as Sophie Dreyer. It also named his second wife Amalie Larsen:<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-qJ8wYbbx8aQ31KIvql6vU-swJH9DLCFb3cwVXOKiRX2mUhi0nyLahy4NuOzvRLA3RbNyqDFcS3uBPC3UzbhPAZmKk29KL90Gq2oSAlqfFbdeyoBN7P2dGb_PeutzPGuMb0QsqxQAItA/s425/death+1897+Lars+Poulsen.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="420" data-original-width="425" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-qJ8wYbbx8aQ31KIvql6vU-swJH9DLCFb3cwVXOKiRX2mUhi0nyLahy4NuOzvRLA3RbNyqDFcS3uBPC3UzbhPAZmKk29KL90Gq2oSAlqfFbdeyoBN7P2dGb_PeutzPGuMb0QsqxQAItA/w400-h395/death+1897+Lars+Poulsen.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><br /></span></span></p>The </span></span><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: red;">1834 Census</span></span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, lists Sophie’s name as:</span></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal">‘<b>Elen Sophie Dreyer’, aged 35</b>, living with her new <b>husband Christian Frederik Rudolph Beyer</b>, 34, a brick layer, and ‘<b>her son’ Lars Poulsen aged 11</b>, and her 21 year old niece Charlotte Pauline Andersen (daughter of sister Christine Hamaine Dreyer who married Poul Anderson who died in 1823). Notably <b>Lars </b>would take up the profession of his stepfather. A woman, Lisbeth Hansen 41, widow, described as a “washer woman” also resided with them</p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>1834 Census</b></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Sophie, named as ‘<b>Aedel Sophie Dreier’</b>, married <b>Christian Rudolph Beyer</b> either on 1 October 1833 or 11 November at <b>Helsingor, Frederiksborg</b>, and her given age was <b>35 (b.c. 1798</b>). </span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 9pt;">(marriage confirmed on </span></span><a href="http://www.geni.com/people/Hans-Dreyer/5078951621410134723"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="font-size: 9pt;">www.geni.com/people/Hans-Dreyer/5078951621410134723</span></a><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 9pt;">, and links to family of Hans Langsted Dreyer –see below). </span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Notably, her name in other records is <b>‘Edel Sophia</b>’.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">Marriage Record (Danish Archives)- 11 November 1833</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_MXZnwgDxcV_IQ7lOA51Pxuby1TAtArcSl5xNnF34YUnfMThY2yPCa6GKqkxXzgGthtdZM5aJAYBN2K6oYLAdOIPD5Uki_ImnWB50spUi_-Mz9rOT8DNV6LwNoqUPS_5wIqmSNTk6t1Q/s1600/marr.+Adel+sophie+Dreyer+to+Christian+R+Beyer-+Helsingor+Kontraministerial+p204.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="58" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_MXZnwgDxcV_IQ7lOA51Pxuby1TAtArcSl5xNnF34YUnfMThY2yPCa6GKqkxXzgGthtdZM5aJAYBN2K6oYLAdOIPD5Uki_ImnWB50spUi_-Mz9rOT8DNV6LwNoqUPS_5wIqmSNTk6t1Q/s640/marr.+Adel+sophie+Dreyer+to+Christian+R+Beyer-+Helsingor+Kontraministerial+p204.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Danish Records- Helsingor Sogn- Kontraministerialbog p204)</span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably the father of her child, Lars Poulsen's marriage is on the same page, a month earlier:</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPuextZK96rQWeT8Yk9_tDqAK0P3nXWZbSjWTZY0CIJ-UgsVrddjxdvCe0h_WlIcqfV05UZXZjhIqfj_ng-Kd-Mphe2WZzUgOX3N7ZG8Xu2KTckhYN2eH4DbZk8GrOPWd3Tvcq4tXs8W0/s1600/marr+Lars+Poulsen+to+Cath.+Nodskov+Helsingor+Kontraministerialbog+p204.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="94" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPuextZK96rQWeT8Yk9_tDqAK0P3nXWZbSjWTZY0CIJ-UgsVrddjxdvCe0h_WlIcqfV05UZXZjhIqfj_ng-Kd-Mphe2WZzUgOX3N7ZG8Xu2KTckhYN2eH4DbZk8GrOPWd3Tvcq4tXs8W0/s640/marr+Lars+Poulsen+to+Cath.+Nodskov+Helsingor+Kontraministerialbog+p204.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By the <b><span style="color: blue;">1845 Census</span>, </b>Sophie’s husband<b> Christian Rudolph Beyer, 45, bricklayer, is ‘single</b>’ living with an older man (ie. HP Bagge 57 a clerk), and in <b><span style="color: blue;">1850 Census </span>he is described as a widower</b> and a lodger living in a large household in Helsingor, Sophie having died in 1838. Beyer is not listed in the 1840 Census, nor is Lars Poulsen. However, it is obvious that Lars Poulsen learnt his trade as a bricklayer from his stepfather Christian Beyer. His future brother-in-law was also a brick layer which may have been how he met his future wife Charlotte.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Witnesses were officers in the military, and several 'cancellists, which is an administrative officer.</span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Holmens Sogn Enesteministerialbog 1617-1813F- p35)</b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2hciffIjXyQz2ENPuZeacX3y-IJwmOielAZV8iEJpUwZ42vWSI7aUuODceepMG0dBLzdCnA7PeqfkpveTdGHlkuev-M_o68OqSCZfPnh7lORJ1NjNrDqVTE6j83zxSHxELFBZQoWOT0w/s1600/death+Edel+Sophie+Beyer+nee+Dreyer.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="154" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2hciffIjXyQz2ENPuZeacX3y-IJwmOielAZV8iEJpUwZ42vWSI7aUuODceepMG0dBLzdCnA7PeqfkpveTdGHlkuev-M_o68OqSCZfPnh7lORJ1NjNrDqVTE6j83zxSHxELFBZQoWOT0w/s640/death+Edel+Sophie+Beyer+nee+Dreyer.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">There are Danish Census records as well as numerous family trees on this family, from which the following information has been gathered. The Dreyer family originated from Odense which is on the neighbouring island to Zealand (Copenhagen and Helsingor)<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Map of Denmark showing ancestral places: Odense, Raschenberg, Bogense on the island of Fyn, and Copenhagen and Helsingor on the island of Zealand<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">1787 DANISH CENSUS</span>- <span style="color: blue;">Parish: North Quarter, Copenhagen City</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Hans Lungsted Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, age 24 (b.c.1763), Business: “Mynster Writes in Holmen” ie. copyist (Holmen is in Copenhagen)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Catrina Aastoft (Rostoft</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">), age 21, his wife<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 11pt;">Frideriche Kirstine</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 11pt;">, 2, daughter</span></span></span></b><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 11pt;">NB. Business: "Mynsterskriver, or Mynster Writes (Copyist) in Holmen"</span></span></b><br />
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Mynsterskriver is a profession in the army or navy- practical and administrative assisting with recruitment and ordinary operations; he was copying and updating nautical charts. </span></span><br />
<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Holmen is the suburb of Copenhagen where they lived, near the naval area on Holmens Canal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Hans Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, 42, occupation ‘Fuldmaegtig’ (administrator; producing documents)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Elen Sophie Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, 7, </span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">dau of 1<sup>st</sup> wife (ie. born c. 1793/4)<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Inger Catharine Olsen, 18, girl</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">THE DREYER ANCESTRY<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">HANS LANGSTED DREYER (Edel Sophia’s father)</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">born</span></b>:</span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">June 1764, bap. 1 June 1764 Saint Canute Parish Odense District, Odense, Fyn, Denmark<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>parents</b></span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">: <b>Christian Haman Dreyer and Frederikke Sophie Langsted</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>siblings</b></span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">:</span> Johanne Dreyer b.d.1760; Anna Elisabeth Dreyer b.d.1758; Jens Dreyer 1753-1770; Anna Elisabeth Dreyer 1765-1811 m. Laurits Berth; Johannes Dreyer 1767-1768; Johannes Jensene Dreyer 1770-1772; Johannes Dreyer b.c.1775 d?<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Another website (</span></span><a href="http://www.ourtree.dk/web/familytree/ancestor.php?ancid=59063"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">www.ourtree.dk/web/familytree/ancestor.php?ancid=59063</span></a><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> has:</span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">1</span></span><span style="color: #222222;">791- copyist in 3</span><sup style="color: #222222;">rd</sup><span style="color: #222222;"> Department Bureau of the Admiralty and Kommisariatskollegiet</span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">1799 Department Office-Pension<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">1799 Club Host in Helsingor<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">1804- Kommandersergent in Helsingor Civil Artillery<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;">The two marriage records for Hans Langsted Dreyer are</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">:</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>Spouse 1</b></span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: red;">: Cathrine Rostoft,</span></b> b.1766, baptised 9 December 1766 Saint Nicholas Parish, Sokkelund District, Copenhagen married 3 September 1784 at Frue Kirke or Vor Frue Kirke, Copenhagen; </span></span><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;">married</span></b></span><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> 3 August 1784 in Our Ladys Parish</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, Sokkelund District, Copenhagen; died c. 1795 Copenhagen- notably on 5th July 1795, there was a disastrous fire in </span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Copenhagen </span></span>which started in the old naval base and spread to Holmens Canal and over Holmens Canal to the quarter around St Nicolai Church, and lasted for 3 days (dying out on 7th July at 4pm), with most residents fleeing, destroying 909 houses, and damaging a further 74 houses and making 6000 residents homeless (of total population of 100,000). I wonder if that is when Hans moved his family to Helsingor, as his wife died in 1795, and the children were all baptized at Holmens Parish (Saint Nicholas). The church of Saint Nicholas which began in the 1200’s as the church of fishermen, sailors and visiting traders, was the second most ornately decorated church in Copenhagen, becoming the church of the upper classes and nobility, but it was almost totally destroyed in the fire- the spire, the nave and most of the furniture and fixtures were lost, although part of the walls remained. Due to state bankruptcy after Napoleon, it could not be rebuilt and the parish was dissolved in 1805.<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;">parents</span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">: <b>Morten Mathiasen Rostoft</b> b.c.1721; married 1 Anna Knudsdatter Leegaard (d.1766-1769); m.2. <b>Kirstine Poulsdatter</b> c.1768 in Copenhagen; died after 1801 in Copenhagen; occupation: brandy burner; residence in 1787 Census Norway Street 154, Copenhagen; a widower living with unm. dau Marn Rostoft 28, Poul Rostoft 12, Niels Rostoft 8, and Sophia Hendrichs 28 unm dau.; in 1801 Census, Morten 83 was living in household of Jens Niesen 51 and his wife and several boarders in Rosenborg Quarter, Copenhagen. His wife Kirstine Poulsdatter died before 1787 in Copenhagen<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>Spouse 2</b></span></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: red;">: <b>Anna Christina/Cathrine Thomasdatter Werlin</b></span>, b.c.1777 </span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Astrup Sogn, Falster Sonder Herred, Maribo Amt, Denmark<span class="hps"><span style="color: #222222;">; d. 15 May 1854 in Copenhagen; </span></span>daughter of Thomas Tengelsen Werlin and Christiane Nicolaisdatter Jacobsen; married firstly Hans Birnbaum and 2. Hans Langsted Dreyer <span class="hps"><span style="color: #222222;">8 October 1800 at Sankt Marie, Helsingor, Frederiksborg;</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">1.Friderica Kirstine Langsted Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, Ch. 10 November 1784 at Holmens Sogn (Parish), Copenhagen; died January 1785 Copenhagen, buried Kobenhavn Holmens Kirke<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">2.Friderica Kirstine Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b.c.April 1786 at Holmens sogn, Copenhagen; died 14 July 1827 Helsingor Skt. Olai sogn, Fredericksborg; married 1. Andreas Carstensen Meinertzen, married 2. Mads Jacob Hammer<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">3<span style="color: red;">.Edel Sophia Dreyer</span></span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, Ch. 12 August 1791 at Holmens sogn Copenhagen; died 1793<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">4.</span></b></span><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Edel Sophia Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b.c. September 1793 and bapt. 4 October 1793 Holmens sogn, Sokkelund District, Copenhagen; died 13 March 1838 Helsingor Skt, Olai sogn; married <b>Christian Rudolph Beyer</b> on 1 October 1833 St Marie, Helsingor; illegitimate son, <b>Lars Poulsen</b>, born 28 December 1823, Baptised 18 January 1824 (in church), father’s name Lars Poulsen of Helsingor.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">5.Christiane Hamanine/Hamaine Dreyer</span></b></span><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, Ch. 26 November 1788 at Holmens Sogn, Copenhagen; died unknown; married Poul Andersen<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">Baptismal records for children of Hans Langsted Dreyer and second wife Anna Catherine Thomasdatter Werlin</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">1.Fridericha Tengelina Dreyer, </span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">b.16 November 1800 Helsingor Skt. Marie sogn; died 4 October 1850 in Copenhagen Holmens sogn; married Laurs Jensen Hollensted; issue Henriette Laurine Fridericke Hollensted<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">2.Andreas Christian Dreyer</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b. 9 September 1802 Helsingor Skt, Olai sogn; died 10 May 1835 in St Thomas, Danske Vestindien; married Johanne Justine Schonning<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Occupation: Laege paa Skt. Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">3.Friderich Wilhelm Dreyer</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b. 23 September, 1804 Helsingor; died unknown<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">4.Carl Arnoldus Dreyer</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b. 5 September, 1806 Helsingorl died unknown<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">5.Amalia Jensine Dreyer</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b. 31 March 1810 Helsingor; died 11 September, 1883 in Aarhus; married Carl Wilhelm Langberg; issue: Wilhelm Langberg; Mathilde Bigitte Langberg<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">6.Thomas Ferdinand Dreyer</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, b. 20 November 1814 Helsingor; died 8 July 1867 in Hillerod, buried Helsingor; married Marie Vilhelmine Wolsted; issue Ferdinand Vilhelm Andreas Dreyer b.1844; Carl Christopher Dreyer b.1846; Vilhelmine Frederikke Dreyer b.1850; Frederik Wilhelm Dreyer b.1852 m. Caroline Marie Ostergaard; Charlotte Amalie Dreyer b.1854 m.Lars Andersen Jensen; Caroline Mathilde Dreyer b.1856 m. Niels Hansen Jensen; Viggo Christian Dreyer b.1859; Christian Emil Dreyer b.1863, all born Hillerod.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">ANCESTORS OF HANS LANGSTED DREYER</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">FATHER of Hans Langsted Dreyer:</span><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">CHRISTIAN HAMAN DREYER<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">born</span>:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;"> </span></b>25 August 1727 Odense, Odense, Fyn<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">died</span>:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> 8 January 1787 in Odense Vor Frue sogn<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">parents</span>:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> <b>Jens Hansen Dreyer</b>, til Raschenberg, senere kaldt (now called) Juelsberg; and <b>Anna Elisabeth Haman</b>, til Raschenberg senere kaldt Juelsberg<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>married</b></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">:</span> </span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">22 March 1752 to<b> Frederikke Sophie Langsted</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>siblings</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>:</b></span> Sara Dreyer; Hans Jensen Dreyer; Woldborg Dreyer; Daniel Dreyer; Margareta Sophia Dreyer; Christiane Dreyer; Catharina Dreyer; Peder Dreyer<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>Property</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">:</span> Ditch Bjerggaard; 1752 place of residence Overgade 19, Odense<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>Occupation:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> 20 August 1752- Master Grocery feast<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>Occupation</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>:</b></span> grocer, councilor, owner of ‘Grotebjerggaarrd’; 1753 grocery store in Odense<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #1515dd; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Place of residence</b>:</span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">1769- Odense Sonder Neighbourhood<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">MOTHER of Hans Langsted Dreyer:</span><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">FREDERIKKE SOPHIE LANGSTED<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">born:</span></b> c</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">.1736 in St Knud, Odense, Odense<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">married</span>:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> 22 March 1752 in Our Lady, Odense, Odense<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b>parents</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="color: blue;">:</span> <b>Hans Nielson Langsted</b> b. 1690, <span style="color: #1515dd;">occupation</span>: Kammerraad, Regimentskvartemester/Councilor and Regimental Quartermaster (father <b>Niels Langsted</b> b.c.1664 in St Hils, Odense) married 29 March 1717 in Sct. Knud, Odense to <b>Johanne Hieronimusen Berndtz</b> b.c.1695 in St His, Odense (dau. Of <b>Hieronimus Christiansen</b> b.c.1668 in St His, Odense and wife <b>Else</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><b><span style="color: blue;">died</span>:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> 26 June 1798 in Odense Vor Frue sogn<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">(SEE FULL ANCESTRAL TREE BELOW FOR FREDERIKKE SOPHIE LANGSTED)</span></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;">GRANDPARENTS of Hans Lansted Dreyer:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></b><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>JENS HANSEN DREYER (father of Christian Haman Dreyer) AND ANNA ELISABETH HAMAN</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Records have</span></b><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">: Jens Hansen Dreyer, til Raschenberg, senere kaldt (now called) Juelsberg (ie. owner of manor and farm of Raschenberg estate)<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b><span style="color: blue;">Born</span></b>:</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> c.1690-1699 Odense, Fyn, Denmark<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Parents</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;">:</span> <b>Hans Simmensen Dreyer and Woldborg Jensdatter Meyer</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Siblings:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> Elisabeth Marie Dreyer; Hans Hansen Dreyer; Simon Hansen Dreyer; Hans Peter Dreyer; Arnold Hansen Dreier<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Burial</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>:</b></span> Jens Dreyer and Anna Elisabeth Haman’s tombstone is depicted in Odense/St Canute's Cathedral, S. Knudsen, 'Funerary Monuments', page 809 in 'Danmarsk Churches, Odense County 8-10', published by the National Museum 1996<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Occupation</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>:</b></span> Grocery Store in Odense; merchant<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Occupation</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;">: </span>cancellieraad i Raschenberg (Cancelli + Raad- member of the Cancelli Council. The Council had to ensure the community understood and respected the King's decisions, and worthy members of the community would become members of the council.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b><span style="color: blue;">Married</span>:</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> <b>Anna Elisabeth Haman</b> 3 June 1722 at Odense, Skt Knuds, d.15 March 1769 (dau of <b>Christian Haman</b> [1673-1728, occupation: Kobmand og oldermand/merchant and alderman in Odense and <b>Sara Rasmusdatter </b></span><b>Ǿstrup</b> [died 17 November 1747]<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> who was daughter of <b>Rasmus Adamsen</b> [b.1640 d.1701 Odense- occup: haulage] and <b>Sara Pedersdatter </b></span><span lang="EN-AU"><b>Ǿstrup</b> [d.1732 Odense- </span>the village of Østrup is about 15 kms north of Odense, so the family probably originated from there].</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Issue:</b></span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Sara Dreyer; Hans Jensen Dreyer; Christian Haman Dreyer; Woldborg Dreyer; Daniel Dreyer; Margareta Sophia Dreyer; Christiane Dreyer; Catharina Dreyer; Peder Dreyer<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Elected</b></span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Alderman for Kraemmer Guild in 1735<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Elected</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> Member Kommercekollegium 1736<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Elected</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"> </span>Councilor 1743<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">“<span style="color: #1e0fdf;">Princess Control 66 Mark Extraordinary Royal. Tax</span>” in 1749<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Died</b></span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">30 August 1753 Aunslev p Svendborg a.; buried 21 Sept 1753 Odense St Knud<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Died</b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"> </span>30 August 1753 in Pa Raschenberg Hovedgard, Aundslev sogn, Fyn, Denmark, buried Sct. Knuds Kirke, Odense, Fyn, Denmark<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">NB The <b><span style="color: #1515dd;">estate of Raschenberg</span></b>, manor and farm, lies exactly where Juelsberg lies today. Raschenberg was bought by Gregers Christian Juel in 1776, hence the name change. Juel died young (aged 38) and his wife constructed the grand elegant mansion of Juelsberg which was completed in 1786.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><br /></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Jens Dreyer and his wife Anna Elisabeth Haman, and her parents Christian Haman and Sara </b></span><b>Ǿstrup, and Jens Dreyer's mother Woldborg Jensdatter Meyer (with 2nd husband Rasmus Lauritsen)</b> were buried in<b> Odense Cathedral, also called St Canute's Cathedral. </b>The cathedral dates back 900 years. The Danish king Canute the Saint and his brother Benedict were killed by the people in 1086 at the High Altar of the local priory. The cathedral was built on the same site two centuries later. Canute was canonised as a saint and is the patron saint of Denmark. Canute's and Benedict's bones are in the cathedral, as are King Hans (d.1513), his son King Christian II and their queens and two sons. The cathedral has undergone several refurbishments down the centuries including in 1754, just after the Dreyers and Hamans were buried inside the cathedral. Many of the graves and wall monuments have since been re-positioned, but the Dreyer tombstone is one of only seven of the older original stones that survive in its original state (others have been cut down or rewritten), and the Haman's wall monument is one of only 23 that survive. The Dreyer stone is located in the crypt where the bones of St Canute and his brother Benedict are on display along with the graves of the kings. They were obviously high status families in Odense.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The monuments are featured in an article on Danish churches- Odense (pages 782, 808, 812, 883/84, 902/903):</span><br />
<a href="http://danmarkskirker.natmus.dk/uploads/tx_tcchurchsearch/Odense_0409-1007.pdf"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">http://danmarkskirker.natmus.dk/uploads/tx_tcchurchsearch/Odense_0409-1007.pdf</span></a><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">Tombstone No 7: Counsellor</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"> <span class="hps">Jens</span> <span class="hps">Dreyer</span> <span class="hps">(†</span> <span class="hps">1753</span>) <span class="hps">and his wife</span>, <span class="hps">Anna</span> <span class="hps">Elisabeth</span></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span class="hps">Haman</span> <span class="hps">(†</span> <span class="hps">1769</span>)</span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">The description written in Danish translates as (Google):</span></b></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;">Kancelliråd/Councillor <b>Jens Dreyer,</b> Raschenberg, purchaser and merchant Odense († 1753) and his wife, <b>Anna Elisabeth Haman</b> († 1769) with their children and family (Mumme 170). Cf.. † funeral<br />Grey limestone, 212x116 cm. Inscription with rapt capitals, names italicized capital letters;<br />traces of black padding. Over scripture field immersed field with relief of the Risen Christ<br />with victory tab, framed by cloud formations; Future bottom impersonation, flanked by two<br />stumps and equipped with quill, blackboard, laugh and overhead an hourglass. Frame Away with foliage and seashells with inmates hjørnemedaljoner, which can be seen the four evangelist characters, all with scrolls by name in rapt capitals; top . Matthew and John, at the bottom</span><span style="color: #222222;"> Markus and Lukas.</span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>At one end 4/4 extremely long, at the other end 3½ cubits long, width 6/4 cubits (2,67-2,19mx4,08 m).</i></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span lang="EN"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Acquired by Jens Dreyer in 1742 by merging of two or probably three older funerals</i></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Presumably identical gravestones, mentioned in 1752 inventory (no. II, 6) which placed in the hallway south of the choir, that is, the family burial († funeral no. II, 6) in the southern side ship 3. subjects 'by the small Corsdør when man goes up to the Glorupe funeral '. Refurbished 1753.321 Same location 1811 (Vedel Simonsen, Collections) and<br />1844 (Mumme 170). After 1875 in the second subject of the crypt southern transept.</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Plan of crypt showing position of Dreyer gravestone, and his mother Woldborg Meyer (with 2nd husband Rasmus Lauritsen)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>The bones of King Canute in the crypt</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Interior of crypt- St Canute and Benedict bones in raised glass cases</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Dreyer stone to the right off screen, and mother Woldborg Meyer to the left</b></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Wall monument no. 20, 1736, for Christian<o:p></o:p></b></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><i>Haman (</i>†<i>1728) and his wife, Sara Østrup (</i>†<i>1747).</i></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Description in Danish, translates as (Google):</b></span></div>
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<i><b style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> Epitaph No. </span></span></b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: #222222;">20) (Fig. 647), 1736. <b>Christian Haman</b> købog </span><span style="color: #222222;">merchant, † 30th January 1728 in his age 55th </span><span style="color: #222222;">years, with his wife, <b>Sara Østrup</b>, † 17. November 1747 in </span><span style="color: #222222;">his age 76 years. The couple was blessed with </span><span style="color: #222222;">three living children, Christian Henrik Haman, </span><span style="color: #222222;">† 21st in June 1725 in his 25th year; Margretha Sophia Haman, </span><span style="color: #222222;">† 23rd May 1731 in its 25th year, 1 ° G. M. Peder </span><span style="color: #222222;">Fugl, grocer, † first April 1728, 2 ° G.M. Bonde </span><span style="color: #222222;">Simonsen, alderman who lived her together </span><span style="color: #222222;">with a daughter and died as a councilor and </span><span style="color: #222222;">landsdom (m) is at his farm Elvedgård 6 sept. </span><span style="color: #222222;">1765. <b>The eldest daughter</b>, <b>Anna Elisabeth Haman </b></span><span style="color: #222222;"><b>lives in marriage with Jens Dreyer, purchase and </b></span><span style="color: #222222;"><b>merchant in town</b> (Mumme 236f.). Cf.. <b>Gravestones </b></span><span style="color: #222222;"><b>no. 21</b>, † tombstone no. 94 and † funeral no. </span><span style="color: #222222;">VI, 4th</span></span></i><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><i>Memorial plaque of gray limestone, 157,5x100 cm.<br />Danish inscription in relief capitals, names, however, in italics, all in recessed, horizontal bands. The inscription, culminating in scripture (Rev. 14.13), framed of the portal-like frame formed by båndakantus, between which the larger leaf ornaments, single flowers or flower displays. In the portal bow a crown, flanked by two putti with palm branches, crown (TV.) and trombone (th.). </i><i><span lang="EN">.</span></i></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;">NE fot. 1987. - <b>Wall monument no. 20,</b> 1736, for Christian Haman († 1728) and his wife, Sara Østrup († 1747). it sits a grieving woman covered hair with head resting in his left hand and eyes turned to the pedestal with laurbærkranset skull, while her right hand disperse flowers. The stone that is sortstafferet and gilt rim away, relief decoration and inscriptions, is cracked right through the upper third. 1736 paid madam Haman (Sara Østrup) for letting a stone insert in the wall by his and the deceased husband's † burial (no. VI, 4) 0.6<br />Originally located in the middle of the ship's third mainstay in sydrækken (h1), west of the pulpit and close the family burial no. VI, the fourth For with Herholdt restoration moved to the south wall, directly next to the earlier location, ie the southern side ship 7. subjects east of window.</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Floorplan of Odense Cathedral showing positions of memorials- </span></b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Dreyer floor tombstone at G7 (in crypt) and Haman wall monument at E20. </b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>The six royal graves are marked K, and the two glass cases holding the bones of St Canute and brother Benedict, in crypt near G8.</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Haman gravestone at G21, and post medieval Haman family graves at column <i>'hi'.</i></b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b>Woldborg Jensdatter Meyer, mother of Jens Dreyer, buried with 2nd husband Rasmus Lauritsen at G24.</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Odense Cathedral</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Odense Cathedral from the park- statue of Hans Christian Anderson in front</b></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1e0fdf; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;">GREAT GRANDPARENTS of Hans Langsted Dreyer:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></b><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">HANS SIMMENSEN DREYER, known as “Hans Simonsen Bendrejer” </span></b><br />
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">(father of Jens Hansen Dreyer), and WOLDBORG JENSDATTER MEYER<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Hans Simmensen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1515dd; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>born:</b></span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">1634 Odense (Seest praestegard); son of Simon<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1515dd; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>siblings:</b></span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Niels Simonsen; Anders Simonsen; NN Simonsen<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b><span style="color: blue;">married</span></b> 1</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">. Marie Daniel’s daughter<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b><span style="color: blue;">married</span></b> 2</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">. 3 January 1683 Elisabeth Hansdatter at Odense<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1515dd; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>married</b> 3</span>. </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">19 Feb 1690 <b>Woldborg Jensdatter Meyer</b> at Odense Skt Knuds (b. 1670, m.2. of Rasmus Lauritzen 13 April 1706; d. 8 Feb 1747 Odense St Canute; Woldborg died before 1747)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1515dd; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>issue:</b></span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Elisabeth Marie Dreyer; Hans Hansen Drejer; Simon Hansen Dreyer; Hans Peter Drejer; Jens Hansen Dreyer;<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><b><span style="color: blue;">died:</span></b> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">15 Sept 1703 Odense<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #1515dd; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Occupation</b>:</span> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Kunstdrejer (kunst means art?)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> Name ‘dreyer/dreier’ often meant one who turned wood to create things<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span lang="EN-AU">(info:</span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.ourtree.dk/web/familytree/ancestor.php?ancid=59063"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">www.ourtree.dk/web/familytree/ancestor.php?ancid=59063</span></a></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN">; </span></span></span></span><br />
<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span class="hps"><span lang="EN"> and </span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.geni.com/people/Hans-Dreyer/5078951621410134723"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">www.geni.com/people/Hans-Dreyer/5078951621410134723</span></a></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN"> )</span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span class="hps"><span lang="EN"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Ancestry of Frederiike Sophie Langsted (wife of Christian Haman Dreyer)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Map of placenames on the trees above</b></span></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Notably, the ancestors of <b>Frederikke Sophie Langsted </b>come from the mainland of <b>Jutland</b>, and from the island of <b>Bornholm</b> (between Sweden and Poland/Germany, but belonging to Denmark, and from the southern county of <b>Sweden</b>.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #222222; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span class="hps"><span lang="EN">The island of <b>Bornholm</b> in the Baltic Sea to the east of Denmark has in the past, been fought over by Sweden and Denmark during the 1600's. The main industries on the island included fishing, arts and crafts such as glass production and pottery, and dairy farming. The topography of the island consists of dramatic rock formations in the north, sloping down towards pine forests and deciduous forests and farmlands in the middle, and sandy beaches in the south. There is a ruin of Hammershus fortress in the NW tip of the island, the largest medieval fortress in northern Europe, a testament to the importance of its location.</span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Conclusion on the mother of Lars Poulsen:</span></b><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Lars Poulsen Junior was the illegitimate son of Edel Sophie (known as Sophie) Dreyer and Lars Poulsen Senior. He was born in December 1823 in the county of Frederiksborg which is north of Copenhagen on the island of Zealand. Sophie came from a respectable family living in the town of Helsingor (Elsinore in English) and her unplanned pregnancy probably shamed her family, so she was sent to the home of Anders Nielson who lived in a small village of Skovhuse near Esbonderup, a few miles west of Helsingor, to have her baby. Notably a hospital was in Esbonderup. What relation Anders Nielson was to the family is unknown, but he was named as one of the godparents. Sophie's father was employed in the bureau of the Admiralty and the Commissariat , and his ancestors were respected members of the local community in Odense on the neighbouring island of Fyn, and were elected town councilors. Sophie married Christian Frederick Rudolph Beyer, a brick layer, in 1833, but just five years later Sophie died, leaving her 15 year old son with her husband. Beyer must have taken Lars as his apprentice as Lars also became a brick layer. It would appear that Lars had nothing to do with his sire Lars Poulsen senior who had also married but remained in Helsingor where he had a grocer's shop and then an inn. </span></span><br />
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;">RECORDS FOR LARS POUSEN (Senior)</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">In Lars Poulsen Junior’s baptismal record, his father was described as:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-themecolor: text2;">Lars</span></b></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="color: #1f497d; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-themecolor: text2;"> <span class="hps">Poulsen</span>, residing <span class="hps">in</span> <span class="hps">Stjernegaden in</span> <span class="hps">Helsingøer, ‘Spaekhoker’/huckster<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span class="hps"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">There are several records for ‘Lars Poulsens’ in the Frederiksborg area in the Census records and the birth/marriage records, but as he was recorded as a ‘huckster’, or ‘</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #231f20; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Høker’, the following records seem to be the most relevant and likely, and show that Lars Poulsen Senior was born c. 1790 in Bogense in Odense County on the neighbouring island of Fyn:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red;">1845 Census<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">NB Place of birth is listed as <b>Bogense</b> which is in <b>Odense County</b> on the neighbouring island of <b>Fyn</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">In the <b><span style="color: blue;">1845 Census</span></b>, Lars' daughter <b>Therese Pouline Poulsen</b>, aged 24 is living with Lars Nielsen, a cabinetmaker, and his wife <b>Emilie Henningsen</b> and their 2 year old daughter Julie, and the occupation translates as "in care". Presumably it means that Therese is taking care of the child; or, Therese had a disability. Notably, Emilie, the wife's surname was Henningsen which is the name of the first husband of her mother (Anne Kirsten Backe), so it would appear that Emilie Henningsen was Therese Poulsen's half sister (aged 30 so born 1815).</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Map of Bogense in Odense County, on island of Fyn, Denmark</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(NB Raschenberg estate of Jens Dreyer, just north of Nyborg)</b></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red;">FAMILY SEARCH.ORG—MARRIAGE RECORDS<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This wife, <b>Catherine Nodskov</b>, is the one named in the above Census records of 1840 and 1845</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Helsingor Sankt Maria Sogn- Kontraministerialbog p.204)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Information on marriage record: <i>17 Sept 1833, Helsingor St Maria Church, Fredericksborg</i></span><br />
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lars Poulsen, 43, Sp</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">ækh</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">ǿker (ie. profession as a huckster), <b>widower</b>, marries Catharine Magrethe N</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">ǿdskou 36 "jomfrue" (ie. unmarried but older than a young woman). witnesses Kj</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">ǿbmand Brandt and Brygger S</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">ǿren Hansen.</span></span></i><br />
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red;">A POSSIBLE PREVIOUS MARRIAGE (NB. This was one month before the birth of Lars Junior)<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No further records found of this marriage.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: red;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">FIRST MARRIAGE of LARS POUSLEN in 1816 (their dau. Therese named in 1840 Census living with Lars and wife Cathrine)</span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Their daughter:</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Anne Kirstine Backe</b> firstly married <b>Peter Henningsen</b> (b.1786 Birkerod, Fredericksborg) on 15 Nov 1811 at Sankt Marie, Helsingor. </span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 18.4px;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It would appear that they had a daughter named <b>Emilie</b> in 1815 (see 1845 Census record with <b>Therese Poulsen</b> living with Emilie Henningsen and her husband Lars Nielsen, above). </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Anne Backe </b>had a child, presumed illegitimate, named<b> Ane Kirstine Magrethe Smidtz</b>, Chr. 22 April 1816, father only named as Smidtz. <b>She then married Lars Poulsen on 17 March 1819 in Helsingor.</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <span style="color: red;"><b>1850 Census</b></span>, Lars was a 'Pub holder' or Inn keeper:</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2AGdzyLbg9NW_N0wH_ezz3eHlgpyrEfE4exHU9l9U5tou9ssGBqZ8vIgP3Hd7pAnvyJlmjOWlDnRCNwLbOpBW16U1nSrWsisHwrTZnZ9oeM6oVq6qbqHKfoiRzxnyqt5y5f4Al4JuDVE/s1600/1850+census+Lars+Poulsen+&+cathrine+Nodskov-+inn+keeper.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" height="584" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2AGdzyLbg9NW_N0wH_ezz3eHlgpyrEfE4exHU9l9U5tou9ssGBqZ8vIgP3Hd7pAnvyJlmjOWlDnRCNwLbOpBW16U1nSrWsisHwrTZnZ9oeM6oVq6qbqHKfoiRzxnyqt5y5f4Al4JuDVE/s1600/1850+census+Lars+Poulsen+&+cathrine+Nodskov-+inn+keeper.JPG" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">In the Census records, Lars Poulsen states he was born in <b>Bogense </b>in the <b>County of Odense</b> which is on the <b>island of Fyn,</b> next to the island of Zealand. There is a Census record for <b>Broe/Bro</b> near <b>Brenderup which is adjacent to Bogense</b>, and a matching baptismal record for a <b>Lars Poulsen</b>, which are probably relevant.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0lnDUuVrIjODpuYkkWF_FlQmRn1aXbgzoZJ9rPOFCYveC2A479hGnLaaHhKXGh-yRcgFfNuL6h60tNytLRMablnNkkH4v2grGUZzrkBRQtvIlvfLZHRzJodhNm2wttMraf1o2JX_sDJo/s1600/map+of+Bogense+%2526+Brenderup%255B1%255D.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="454" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0lnDUuVrIjODpuYkkWF_FlQmRn1aXbgzoZJ9rPOFCYveC2A479hGnLaaHhKXGh-yRcgFfNuL6h60tNytLRMablnNkkH4v2grGUZzrkBRQtvIlvfLZHRzJodhNm2wttMraf1o2JX_sDJo/s640/map+of+Bogense+%2526+Brenderup%255B1%255D.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Map of Bogense, Bro, and Brenderup on the island of Fyn (north of Odense) showing close proximity</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Therefore this baptism record would appear to be relevant.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsEUlLEaXNuE6nN-__zkfzs7Zsda5r-YrI_p3dIcPJa5VcZ7httvJQEP3mdjrS429QJXqqkrKD0u9NhxGB5rdFqBk0lASnyqAxdNH5RbipfLuC_aoSBRpxSBBDUxbLQFc2g_6xhY-qd3o/s1600/baptism+Lars+Poulsen+Brenderup+1789.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsEUlLEaXNuE6nN-__zkfzs7Zsda5r-YrI_p3dIcPJa5VcZ7httvJQEP3mdjrS429QJXqqkrKD0u9NhxGB5rdFqBk0lASnyqAxdNH5RbipfLuC_aoSBRpxSBBDUxbLQFc2g_6xhY-qd3o/s1600/baptism+Lars+Poulsen+Brenderup+1789.JPG" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Brenderup Sogn- Enesteministerialbog p.114- 18 Oct 1789)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Information from the baptism record (thanks to Morten for this information):</span><br />
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Brenderup Sogn: den 8 Octob confirmeret Daaben over Povel J</span>ǿrgensens Barn frq Bro kaldet Lars frembaaren af Sogne Præ</span></i><br />
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<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">stens Datter Constance Alexandrine, Fadderne vare Lars Gregersen Morfaderen fra Brenderup, Hans Jensen, Niels Henricsen, J</span>ǿgen Andersen's Kone og Hans Smeds Kone, alle af Bro.</span></i><br />
<i><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Translated:</span></b></i><br />
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">October 8 (1789), confirmed the baptism of <b>Povel J</b><b>ǿrgensen</b>s child from (the village) of <b>Bro,</b> named <b>Lars</b>. The child was held by (godmother) Constance Alexandrine (the daughter of the parish priest). The witnesses were <b>Lars Gregersen the mother's father from the village Brenderup</b>, Hans Jensen, Niels Henricsen, Jorgen Andersen's wife and Hans Smed's wife, all from the village of Bro.</span></i><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The record above names Lars' mother, Maren Larsdatter as the daughter of Lars Gregersen of Brenderup.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <b><span style="color: red;">1801 Census</span></b>, <b>Lars Gregersen</b>, aged 69 (b.1732), 'landless farmer of hops', was living with his second wife Anne Margrethe Jespersdatter, aged 49, and his son Jorgen Larsen aged 21, and their children Jesper Larsen 14, Karen Margrethe Larsdatter 10.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">His brother, Mikkel Gregersen aged 67 and his wife Maren Andersdatter 70, live next door.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <b><span style="color: red;">1787 Census</span></b>, <b>Lars Gregersen, </b>aged 52 (b.1735), farmer and labourer, was living at Brenderup with his second wife Anna Jespersdatter 37, and "children of his first marriage", Anna Maria Larsdatter 14, Christen Larsen 12, Johanna Margreta Larsdatter 9, and Jorgen Larsen 7. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">So the marriage must have been recent, as their first child Jesper was born later that year.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Daughter <b>Maren Larsdatter,</b> 21 was living with the vicar of Brenderup, <b>Rasmus Edsberg</b> 66, his wife and daughters including <b>Constance Alexandrina Edsberg </b>aged 12 who would become the godmother of Maren's son Lars Poulsen. Maren was employed as a servant, the cook, for the Edsberg family. There were several servants employed by the Edsbergs.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Living next door to Lars Gregersen was his brother <b>Michel Gregersen</b> aged 51 and wife, and nearby was an elder brother <b>Niels Gregersen</b>, aged 56, wife and two children.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Maren, daughter of Lars Gregersen, was baptised on 10 August 1766 at Brenderup:</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> (Ref: Enesteministerialbog 1705 FVD-1801, Brenderup Sogn- p64)</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">If these records are relevant, then <b>Lars</b> was the son of <b>Poul/Poval Jorgensen from the village of Bro </b>which is <b> </b>between the towns of Brenderup and Bogense.<b> </b>Poul's wife in the Census was named </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Maren Larsdatter daughter of Lars Gregersen of Brenderup</b>.</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> Notably Maren is 21 years younger than her husband (so maybe a second marriage for Poul). Poul was aged 56 in 1801, ie born 1745, while Maren was aged 34, ie. born in 1766. They also have four younger children in 1801 Census: Karen 9, Frederiche 5, Hans, 2 and Rasmus 1.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN"><b><u>Conclusion on the background of Lars Poulsen Senior:</u></b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Lars Poulsen, was probably born/baptised in Bro near Bogense in Odense County in October 1789, the son of a hops farmer/crofter. Lars moved to Helsingor before marrying Anne Kierstine Backe in 1819.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Anne K. Backe, b.1789, had previously been married to Peter Henningsen in 1811, and in 1816 had a daughter by a man named Smidtz (possibly illegitimate).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Lars and Anne Kierstine Backe had a daughter Therese Pouline Poulsen Ch 30 June 1820.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Lars possibly had a second wife named Johanne Dahr (b.1800), married on 18 November 1823 (just a month before the birth of Lars Poulsen by Sophie Dreyer), as Lars’s birth year is given as 1790. No further records found of this relationship, and this marriage is speculative.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Lars Poulsen, described as a widower, born 1790, married Cathrine Margrethe Nodskov in September 1833 in Helsingor (though not listed in the 1834 Census). They were living in the Market Town of Helsingor in the 1840 Census with his 20 year old daughter Therese Pouline, and his business was described as a Hoker/huckster.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">In the 1845 Census, they are still living in the Market Town, in No. 171 Anne Street still described as a ‘Hoker’/huckster; his birth place named as Bogense. He employs a domestic servant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN">By the 1850 Census, Lars is an inn or pub holder, or </span>Værtshusholder , still at No. 171 Anne Street, and is still living with his wife. Again, his birthplace is given as Bogense, Odense County. He has a hired domestic and 20 people are living in the same building, so presumably his pub was on the ground floor.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Neither are listed in any other Census record, so presumably have died before the 1860 Census.</span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: blue;"><u>RECORDS FOR CHARLOTTE FREDERIKKE GUDMUNDSEN (wife of Lars Poulsen Jnr)</u></span></b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: blue;">Baptismal record of Charlotte and twin sister Ingeborg (</span></span></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">born on 25 November 1825 and Christened on 17 March 1826 January 1826), daughters of <b>Thorlak Gudmundsen and Charlotte Friderikke Kiaer.</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Trinitatis Sogn- Kontraministerialbog 1822-1833F- p.162)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">In the <b><span style="color: blue;">1840 Census</span></b>, Charlotte is listed with her family in Copenhagen. Her widowed father is named as <b>Thorlak Gudmunsen</b>, aged 53, a 'Stolemagermester', which is a 'master chair maker/manufacturer/repairer' (as 'mester' means trained craftsman with his own firm, he probably would have employed others). There is also her twin sister <b>Ingeborg</b> and younger brother <b>Rasmus </b>living with them. Her elder brother <b>Magnus</b> is living elsewhere, with <b>Johan Schmidt</b>, a master blacksmith (who appears to have been his half-brother, son of his mother's first marriage), Magnus, aged 17, described as a "laere dreng" (apprentice)- by 1845 he was listed as a bricklayer's apprentice. The fact that Charlotte's elder brother was a bricklayer, may be the reason she met Lars Poulsen, also a bricklayer. There are four other families living at this address in the census.</span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By the next <b>census in 1845,</b> Thorlac is no longer listed. Charlotte was working as a maid for Army Captain Christian Walther.</span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In fact, there are no further records of Thorlak Gudmunsen, so one could assume he was dead.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;"><b>1840 Danish Census</b></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Danish Archives- 1840 Census Kobenhavn- Rosenborg I Quarter, Spring Street, p.73</b></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>The birth records for Charlotte and her three siblings:</b></span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The birth/baptism records reveal that their mother was named Charlotte Friderikke Kiaer. The spelling of their father's name varies considerably: in the Census he was Thorlac Gudmunsen, and in the above records: Thorlack Gudmundsen; Thorlak Gudmondsen; and Thorlag Gudmundsen.</span></b><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color: blue;">Mother: Charlotte Friderikke Kiaer</span></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>Birth</b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoPTTQyi_K3RIidpIQuNx_641PjPdl_BbtLkGYNboD-aebn2KW76Pljn0VsyHUgIXk6nYm3owbQuvSHTwWqqwhyphenhyphenCZqvm8eqkjyOS9qRUMRWPOnCOeXRIGmV-r2GQfU3LCedWp3m_Nmdl8/s596/bap+1786+Charlotte+Friderikke+Kiaer.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="457" data-original-width="596" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoPTTQyi_K3RIidpIQuNx_641PjPdl_BbtLkGYNboD-aebn2KW76Pljn0VsyHUgIXk6nYm3owbQuvSHTwWqqwhyphenhyphenCZqvm8eqkjyOS9qRUMRWPOnCOeXRIGmV-r2GQfU3LCedWp3m_Nmdl8/w400-h306/bap+1786+Charlotte+Friderikke+Kiaer.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><br /> </b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>Charlotte Kiaer</b>, who was dead before 1840 (Thorlac described as a widower in the 1840 Census), was married previously, in c.1810. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">There are records for four children of <b>Charlotte Friderike Kjaer and Johan Gottlieb Schmidt</b> also baptised at Trinitatis, Kobenhavn where her other children were baptised: </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>Charlotte Frideriche Johansen</b> Chr. 30 Dec 1810; </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>Caroline Wilhelmine Johansen</b> Chr. 29 Sept 1814- died;</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>Caroline Emilie Johansen</b> Chr. 29 July 1816 </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>Johan Gottlieb Johansen (Schmidt)</b> Chr. 1 August 1819.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Charlotte Kiaer married Thorlach Gudmundsen on 7 December 1821 at Trinitatis Church in Kobenhavn. They were both aged 35 years, and it confirms Charlotte's previous married name of Schmidt. The two records below are from the original Trinitatis Parish records:</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Vielseregister for Trinitatis Sogn p197)</b></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Danish Archives- Trinitatis Sogn- Enesteministerialbog 1660-1833- p.172)</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0r4fwMIOowMsDptqSBxu7TF_Po577Jw0_aqLtY2TuDfASTQtGTtL2er94sq3Hb5czDI7-PgUvVGQaOc5iDOJeuVlYORp1ES7KKeVr4v9Pfz-jxvz-rmhAHofe-Hiw-hHxAIG8mQWGErk/s1826/marr+1821-+Thorlak+Gudmundsen+%2526+Charlotte+Kiair+orig+1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="594" data-original-width="1826" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0r4fwMIOowMsDptqSBxu7TF_Po577Jw0_aqLtY2TuDfASTQtGTtL2er94sq3Hb5czDI7-PgUvVGQaOc5iDOJeuVlYORp1ES7KKeVr4v9Pfz-jxvz-rmhAHofe-Hiw-hHxAIG8mQWGErk/w640-h208/marr+1821-+Thorlak+Gudmundsen+%2526+Charlotte+Kiair+orig+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Trinitatis Sogn- Hovedministerialbog p.274)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b><u>Marriages of Charlotte's siblings, and issue:</u></b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><u><br /></u></b>1. <b>Magnus Thorlak Gudmundsen married Juliane Marie Hansen</b> and had issue: <b>Ottogine Nathalie Gudmundsen </b>Chr 20 June 1858 at Garnisons Parish Copenhagen; <b>Juliane Marie Gudmundsen</b> Chr 22 July 1860 at Holmen's Parish Copenhagen; <b>Thorlach Emanuel Gudmunsen</b> Chr 2 November 1862 at Fredericksberg, Copenhagen; <b>Edvard Bern Hard Gudmunsen</b> Chr 13 Sept 1868 at Fredericksberg, Copenhagen.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By the 1880 Census, his wife Juliane is described as a widow.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Magnus's occupation was a bricklayer</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /><b>2.</b> <b>Rasmus Christian Gudmundsen married Grethe Dorthe Kirstine Nielsdatter</b> (b.1827) on 10 April 1856 at Frue Kirke Kobenhavn. A daughter, <b>Valborg Margrethe Gudmundsen </b>was born 26 June 1859 at Garnisons Parish Kobenhavn to Rasmus Christian Gudmundsen and <b>Dorthea</b> Borresen, so presumably this was their daughter.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Rasmus's occupation was a plumber</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>3.</b>The <b>1850 Census</b> has an <b>Ingeborg Gudmunsen,</b> 24, widow, occupation- maid, living with another widow, Emilie Stange 33 at St Anne's Gothergade, Copenhagen- whether this is Charlotte's sister is unconfirmed. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif">However,
in the </span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1870 Census</b><span face="Arial, sans-serif">, </span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Ingeborg Margrethe</b><span face="Arial, sans-serif">, 44, is living with her
husband </span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Carl August Bievald</b><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> in Ostergade, Kobenhavn, and lodging with
them are </span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">August Valdemar Theodor Poulsen</b><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> 18 and </span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Ferdinand Adolph
Georg Poulsen</b><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> 10, ‘</span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">relative</i><span face="Arial, sans-serif">’.</span><span class="apple-converted-space" face="Arial, sans-serif"> Their
two sisters, <b>Elvine, 14, and Adelheid, 13,</b> are living with a group of
unrelated children in the care of Karen Pedersen 55, in Lyngby, Kobenhavn.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span class="apple-converted-space" face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span class="apple-converted-space" face="Arial, sans-serif"><b>The Gudmundsen- Poulsen Family Tree:</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA3N5iw5EiSEVzdbOvZd6RaUNf7i-w9EK0EuT_p9xXapDoC_qP0f17NbPfN4zTtZXR58hfM5itmnUFhypDevSztWMYH0hZnJ9x7jCMOQ2sGhuz1Yh4MwpIVm2AHgnvIP4zOKtPC0h2rLU/s1001/Gudmundsen-+Poulsen+Family+Tree+v3.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="694" data-original-width="1001" height="444" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA3N5iw5EiSEVzdbOvZd6RaUNf7i-w9EK0EuT_p9xXapDoC_qP0f17NbPfN4zTtZXR58hfM5itmnUFhypDevSztWMYH0hZnJ9x7jCMOQ2sGhuz1Yh4MwpIVm2AHgnvIP4zOKtPC0h2rLU/w640-h444/Gudmundsen-+Poulsen+Family+Tree+v3.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span class="apple-converted-space"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: blue;"><b><u>The origins of Thorlak Gudmundsen</u></b></span></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: blue;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The <span style="color: blue;"><b>1840 census</b></span>, and the birth records of his children are the only records yet found on Thorlak that can be confirmed. Strangely he does not appear in the 1787, 1801, 1803, 1834/5 , 1845, 1850, 1860 Danish Census records, nor does his name appear in the Danish Birth records. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">However, there are two possible scenarios for his birth that show in the records.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The first record which may be relevant is a marriage record in Copenhagen for a man of the same name, but born a generation before, and therefore could be his father, or related- notably in Garnisons Parish which is the same parish in which his son Magnus's first child was baptised. Garnison's Church is also known as the Garrison Church, built in the 17th century for military personnel. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">There is wide discrepancy in the spelling of his forename and surname. In just three of the records below it is spelt <i>Thorlak, Torlak</i> and <i>Thorland</i>.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">This Thorlak Gudmandsen married Maren Nielsdatter. Note the two dates differ which could indicate the first on 9 April 1784 was a betrothal record, and the second on 12 May 1784 the marriage date:</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives/Arkivalieronline - Garnisons Sogn- Volume 1780V-1799V, p.23)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>9 April 1784</b></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Information on record:</b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Marriage: 9 April (1784), <b>Thorlek Gudmansen</b> U.K (short of Ung Karl- viz a young unmarried man) and Pige (ie. young woman) <b>Maren Nielsdatter</b>, Hr Regiments Mr Wolqvatz (her employer- as a servant), Bestmen: Peder Berndtsen , S.__ and Borre Andersen</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Garnisons Sogn- Volume 1769V-1815V p.67- 12 May 1784) </b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>NB. different spelling for Thorlak and Gudmundsen in the two records</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">There is a baptism record for their daughter, Ellen Kirstine on 6 February 1785. Notably the baptism is recorded at Garnisons Parish in the volume of German baptismal records, not the volume of Danish baptismal records for this parish. And again, the spelling of her father's name is now '<i>Thorland</i>'- his profession is described as 'Arbeitsm(and)/Arbejdsmand' which is a labourer.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(Danish Archives- Garnisons Sogn- V.1772-1797 p.165)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">As our Thorlak was aged 35 when he married in December 1821, and age 53 in the 1840 Census, his birth year was circa 1786, which would be appropriate with the above records, so this would appear to be the most relevant. The fact that the two names are the same which does not match the Danish naming system (where one would expect his father to be named Gudmund ____ ), is problematic, although there are exceptions, viz. Lars Poulsen and his father Lars Poulsen. </span>Until the act of surnames changed in 1828, the practice
was: the surname of the son was his fathers name + sen ( in very old time
"søn", later on "søn" changed to "sen" in
Denmark/Norway, but "son" in Sweden).; and + datter (daughter) if the
child was a girl eg. the daughter above named as 'Ellen Thorlandsdatter'.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This family does not appear in the 1787 Census, however, they do appear in the 1801 Census, and notably there is no son listed as living with them. Torlak's name has the 'K' and 'L' switched to spell 'Terkel', incorrectly, but he is with his wife Maren Nielsen and daughter Ellen Christine. Torlak is revealed as a sailor in the Danish Navy, living in Delfingade/Delfin Street in the Nyboder area which was built by Christian IV as barrack accommodation for his naval personnel (common sailors) and their families. The accommodation was generally small- only two rooms and an attic, plus shared kitchen and toilet/bathroom facilities. In the record (below), Torlak and family are quartered with Christian Moller and family plus a third woman.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The fact that there is no son listed would seem to indicate that this is not our Thorlak's family, but can't be completely discounted as young Thorlak could have been apprenticed, or in the navy, and living elsewhere, as, by 1801 he was turning 15. Notably the daughter Ellen Christine's age is incorrect and should have been 16.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The elder Torlak's age of 38 means he was born c.1763.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There is also a record in the 1787 Census of a Thor Gudmonsen, aged 51 (b.c.1736), but "single" living as a lodger in Snaren's Quarter, Copenhagen, with Ole Simensen 53, a merchandiser, and his wife. Thor is described as a "timber Svend". Again, this could be irrelevant.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>1801 Census</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Danish Archives- 1801 Census- Kobenhavn- Navy 2 Division 2 Matros/Navy Company p4</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">At this time, the country was Denmark-Norway and had been in conflict with Sweden for 200 years. Denmark's role as gateway to the Baltic was instrumental in the development of strong Danish naval power. It is possible that the sailor, Torlak Gudmundsen was from Norway.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">However there is also an alternative record. The name Thorlak is very uncommon in Denmark, and originates from <b>Norway</b>, but it is also <b>a common name in Iceland</b>, </span><span style="line-height: 18.4px;">where sons are often named after the patron saint of Iceland, St Thorlak who lived there in the 13</span><span style="line-height: 15.3333px;">th</span><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"> century. Looking at Icelandic BDM records, there are several records of the name 'Thorlak Gudmundsson' in the 1700's, including a birth in 1787 in southern Iceland.</span> </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It is possible that Thorlak was born in Iceland and emigrated to Denmark as either a child, or as an adult. Or, alternatively, the Torlak Gudmansen in the 1784 marriage record above, may have been the one to emigrate to Denmark and/or to join the Danish naval service. It should be noted that Iceland was under Danish rule, and in 1783, there was a catastrophic event when there was a volcanic eruption at Mt Laki. This was the world's second largest volcanic eruption in the past 1000 years. At the time, the population of Iceland was 50,000, and in the ensuing years, 10,000 of those people would die as a result of the explosion. Laki is a volcanic system in the south-east of Iceland, and in 1783 it was ripped open with such force that a huge fissure produced scores of boiling craters, and over the next eight months, it spewed lava over 600 square kilometers, and belched more toxic gases than any eruption in the last 150 years. The effects of the eruption were felt all over the northern hemisphere. People died because of starvation, as the farm animals died and the crops died, affecting the whole country. The toxic gases poisoned the plants and vegetation and thus the livestock. Eight out of ten sheep are thought to have died and half of all cattle and horses perished. Extreme heat caused by the sulphuric gases, then turned into extreme winters caused by the build-up of heat absorbing sulphur dioxide in the stratosphere. The gases also drifted over Europe, causing 20,000 deaths in Britain alone. The volcanic eruption at Mt Laki was only about 60 kms from the area where the family of Thorlak Gudmundson lived, in the county of Rangarcallasysla in southern Iceland. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Whether Thorlak, (or his possible father, Thorlak Gudmansen), emigrated to Denmark from Iceland can't be verified but the following records should not be discounted, particularly as the birth year matches, and the events described above could account for his emigration to Denmark.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Notably, Gudrydur's birthplace of Keldur is in the same district, Rangarvallasysla.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">There are several baptismal records for Gudmundur Sigurdsson between 1744 and 1765, so too difficult to pinpoint the correct record.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Apart from son, <b>Thorlakur Gudmundsson</b> Chr. 3 Feb 1787, this couple also had children:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>i) Thorlakur Gudmundsson</b> Chr. 12 June 1784 at Eyvindarmuli, Rangarvallasysla (notably the year after the eruption, so probably died, and their second son born in 1787, was named after him.)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>ii) Gudny Gudmundsson</b> Chr 17 Oct 1782 at Eyvindarmuli, Rangarvallasysla</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b>iii) Magnus Gudmundsson</b> Chr. 20 July 1795 at </span>Eyvindarmuli, Rangarvallasysla</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(notably Magnus is the chosen name of Thorlac's eldest son)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br />The place named on these records is <b>Eyvindarmuli</b> in the county of <b>Rangarvallasysla.</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br />Eyvindarmuli is a parish in the south of the island, in the county of Rangarvallasysla, as marked on the map. </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The close proximity of the volcanic eruption to the area where this family lived could certainly account for the emigration of Thorlak's family to Denmark. It could also be possible that Thorlak emigrated when he became of age, as the country's climate continued to grow colder during the 19th century resulting in mass emigration, mainly to the New World- about 15,000 people emigrated during this period.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br />However, the first record of the marriage in 1784 of Thorlak Gudmandsen in Copenhagen, referred to above, could also be relevant. And as discussed, it is also possible that he emigrated to Denmark following the volcanic eruption in 1783, and married in Denmark the following year.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As stated, there are several marriages for men of that name during the 1700's in Iceland, so the name appears to be a common one in Iceland, unlike Denmark where it is rare.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There is also the following baptism in Iceland (Family Search) which may be relevant. (NB. the different spellings in Iceland, using <i>sson</i> instead of <i>sen</i> on the end of the surname- this would revert to the Danish custom on records if he emigrated:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj29bN47o2Kq2cw-6P19HLXiKz2zf1lhFd6rzwYo4aYoYKJvEHp6_oV5XT1r1gtl9NdcoWJIyoB2cYINrLSY87LujXxd7xNht1GPQvdfnhi3FdueLMZ90KvOpxV43Z2jWugHCsqmT_9NRM/s1600/bap+1858Thorlakur+Gudmundsson-Iceland.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" height="346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj29bN47o2Kq2cw-6P19HLXiKz2zf1lhFd6rzwYo4aYoYKJvEHp6_oV5XT1r1gtl9NdcoWJIyoB2cYINrLSY87LujXxd7xNht1GPQvdfnhi3FdueLMZ90KvOpxV43Z2jWugHCsqmT_9NRM/s640/bap+1858Thorlakur+Gudmundsson-Iceland.JPG" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably, he had two siblings:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>i) Sigurdr Gudmundsson</b> bap 28 Jan 1755 at Reykjavik, Gullbringusysla, father <b>Gudmund Myrahusum</b>,</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> and, possibly a twin sister,</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>ii) Ingebiorg Gudmundsson</b>, bap 9 March 1755 at Reykjavik, Gullbringusysla, father Gudmund Myrarhusum </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Possibly the origin of Charlotte's twin sister's name of Ingeborg, and also the twin gene which occurs with our Charlotte and Ingeborg?</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Or</b>, records of Thorlak Gudmunsen in Denmark may be lost, or not yet discovered. Given that his children were born between 1823 and 1829, it is strange that the family does not appear in the 1834/35 Census's. Maybe they had left the country at that particular time, and returned by 1840. It could also be explained if Thorlak came from Norway and travelled back and forth.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"> <b><u>Gudmundsen family tree</u></b></span><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><u>DNA
GENEALOGICAL TESTING</u></span><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: blue;">WHAT IS DNA
GENEALOGICAL TESTING</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The newly developing
science of genealogical DNA and specifically Y-DNA matching will
probably gain momentum in the coming years and may play an important role in
unraveling these family tree mysteries and help with matching family links. It
may also pose new unanswerable genealogical questions as well. DNA can provide
information about our ancestor's migratory paths through thousands of years as
well as individual descent from one's forefathers. The same DNA markers are
handed down from generation to generation for hundreds even thousands of years,
with occasional mutations of individual markers in the DNA profile. DNA is the
only genealogical record that is absolute proof of one's true heritage, and
combined with the traditional genealogical paper trail, it promises an exciting
future in family research.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="color: #333333;">Human DNA consists of about 3 million bases and more than
99% of those bases are the same in all people.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU" style="color: #333333;">In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packed
into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of
DNA, containing thousands of genes which contain the instructions for our
individual characteristics. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: 22 pairs of numbered
chromosomes, and one pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y. Each parent contributes
one chromosome to each pair so that offspring get half of their chromosomes
from their mother and half from the father. Males have one X and one Y
chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes.</span></span> </div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: blue;">AUTOSOMAL DNA TESTING</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">There are
several genealogical DNA testing companies, including FamilyTreeDNA (in the
USA), which offer three types of tests: <i><b>Y-DNA</b></i> for males (testing the Y sex
chromosome inherited from father to son), <b><i>mtDNA</i></b> tests for females and males
(testing the X sex chromosome inherited down the female line and passed on to
daughters and sons), and <i><b>Autosomal</b>.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><i><br /></i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">ISOGG (international
Society of Genetic Genealogy) describes <b>Autosomal
DNA</b> used in genetic genealogy as “<i>DNA
which is inherited from the autosomal chromosomes inherited from both parents.
An autosome is any of the numbered chromosomes, as opposed to the sex chromosome.
Autosomes are numbered roughly in relation to their sizes, ie. Chromosome 1 has
approximately 2,800 genes, while chromosome 22 has approximately 750 genes.”<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">When results
of the Autosomal test are released, FamilyTreeDNA also gives you a list of matches
with genetic cousins who have also taken the test and are in their database.
The autosomal DNA tests can confirm relationships for all relationships from
parent/child up to the second cousin level. For all relationships beyond that,
genealogical information is also needed to find and prove the connection.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The
FamilyTreeDNA (FTDNA) <b>Family Finder</b>
test is designed to trace all of your ancestral lines (5 generations and
beyond) using your autosomal DNA. It tests thousands of data points on your 22
autosomal chromosomes. Your results are then compared to others in the FTDNA
database. </span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Family Finder software detects linked blocks (segments) of DNA
that indicate a common ancestor. The number and size of these segments is used
to determine how recently any two people are related. These tests also indicate
your ethnic breakdown as they test all of your DNA inherited from all of your
ancestors.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">You share 50%
of the DNA from each parent, and in each generation, after your parents, the
percentage of DNA that you receive from any given ancestor is not exactly 50%
of the previous generation, but close.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Example, on
average:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">50% inherited
from mother and from father<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">25% from grandparents,
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">12.5% from
great grandparents, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">6.25% from 2x
great grandparents, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">3.125% from
3x great grandparents,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">1.563% from
4x great grandparents <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">0.781% from
5x great grandparents, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">0.3905% from
6x great grandparents<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">0.19525% from
7x great grandparents<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">0.0976% from
8 x great grandparents<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">0.0488% from
9x great grandparents, etc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The actual
percentages vary from the average in individual cases, because of the random
way that autosomal DNA is inherited. Each sibling may inherit a slightly
different set of genes from each parent which means siblings aren’t genetically
identical, except for identical twins. With each generation, DNA from ancestors
is passed at random to the next generation and, over time, the less accurate
the relationship predictor will be. There is a 90% chance that third cousins
will share enough DNA for the relationship to be detected, but there is only a
50% chance with a fourth cousin. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The further
back along the genealogical tree, the fewer genes are inherited, but there
could be some particular genes that are carried down through the generations. One reason could be a type of mutation called an inversion, which is described as <i>"a segment of DNA that has attached and then reattached in the reverse direction. Inverted segments of DNA cannot recombine so a child will inherit that entire segment or none of it. When two distantly related people inherit the same long inverted segment, it makes them seem more closely related than they actually are. The chances of two distant relatives both inheriting the inverted segment of DNA decreases with each generation, but, although less likely, it is possible that both distant relatives will inherit the block."</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The author of
this blog has taken a FTDNA Family Finder test, and was given a list of
matching ‘cousins’ of various levels of relationship. As one of this author’s
great grandfathers, Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen, was Danish, one of those listed matches was from Denmark,
and on contacting him, the degree of relationship was eventually found. FTDNA
suggested that the relationship was a 3<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">rd to </span>5<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> cousin. The
proven relationship proved much further back, although it should be noted that
not all of our Danish lines have been traced back very far, so there could be a
second unknown blood connection in another line (however, it should be noted that our Danish cousin has an extensive family tree and has traced all of his many lines back a considerable way, with no obvious second connection with my Danish ancestors). A third testee sharing the
same segments on particular chromosomes would make it easier to identify a
common ancestor (called triangulation), but as a third person has not yet been
found, the genealogical paper trail had to be followed to determine the common
ancestor. The fact that only one of the author’s eight great
grandparents originated from Denmark, reducing the number of Danish ancestors that
could be in common, it made finding the common ancestor a much easier task than
if all of the great grandparents were from the same country.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Family
Finder test uses calculations that involve the total <b><span style="color: red;">centimorgans (cMs)</span></b><span style="color: red;"> </span>shared and the <b><span style="color: red;">longest contiguous block</span></b>. (In scientific terms, <i>a centiMorgan, or cM, is a unit of recombinant
frequency which is used to measure genetic distance. It is often used to imply
distance along a chromosome, and takes into account how often recombination
occurs in a region</i>- ISOGG)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The total
number of shared centiMorgans is less significant than the number and lengths
of individual shared segments. It assumes that the aggregate length of each set
of autosomal chromosomes is 3,400cM, and that each individual inherits 6,800cM
of autosomal DNA, 3,400 cM from each parent, but needs to allow for random
variation around the averages in individual cases.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">While the
author shares a total of <b><span style="color: red;">49.09 cM’s in 16 segments</span></b><span style="color: red;"> </span>with
the Danish cousin (M.S.) in Chromosomes 1,2,4,6,7,8,11,12,17,& 22, only <b>Chromosomes 11 and 17</b> share a fairly
large segment greater than 5 cM’s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Chromosome 11 = 5.32 cM</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;"> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">(plus 2.67cM, and 2.6 cM in different locations
on Chromosome 11)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Chromosome 17 = 12.58 cM</span></b><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">NB. Segments
greater than 10 cM are considered significant when determining closeness of
relationships.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The following
test result shows the shared common segment of DNA greater than 5cM, in
Chromosomes 11 and 17 (marked in orange): <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Chromosome match with M.S.</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Shared chromosome segments (16) and number of cM's (total 49.09cMs) shared between author and Danish cousin (M.S.)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(NB. Chromosomes 11 and 17)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The blog author
and the Danish cousin found their common ancestors to be:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> <b>Rasmus Adamsen born 1640 at Odense on the Danish island of Fyn and his
wife Sarah Ǿstrup who died 1732 Odense. </b>They <b>married in 1670</b> in Odense.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Issue: </span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">1. Their eldest
daughter <b>Sarah Rasmusdatter Ǿstrup, </b>(b.1671
Odense) married <b>Christian Haman</b> in
1699 in Odense, and their daughter <b>Anna
Elisabeth Haman married Jens Hansen Dreyer</b>, the author’s ancestors in
Odense.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">2. Their younger son <b>Frederik Ǿstrup</b> (b.1686 Odense) married
Vibeke Feldman and their daughter <b>Sarah
Ǿstrup</b> married Lauritz Langhoff, and their descendant is our Danish cousin.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Rasmus Adamsen and Sarah Ǿstrup</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> are therefore the blog author’s 8x
great grandparents, and our Danish cousin’s 7x great grandparents, which makes
us <b>8<sup>th</sup> cousins once removed</b>,
and should therefore share very little DNA. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">According to
ISOGG, the expected total amount of cM’s shared by an 8<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> to 9<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> cousin would be between 0.014cMs and 0.055cM’s, less than 0.000763% of shared
DNA, and the chance of detecting an 8<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> to 9<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> cousin
would be 0.06% to 0.24%, so the amount of our shared cM’s is highly unusual
(ie. 49 cM’s total and the largest shared segment of 12.58cMs). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Multiple
shared common ancestors would increase the predicted shared cM’s, which would
appear to indicate another close connection, but the family tree above does not
support that theory (although the ancestry of Lars Poulsen the elder who was
born just north of Odense, at Bogense, is unknown and may prove to be the
second link). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The ISOGG
Autosomal DNA Statistics page estimates the possible relationship between two
matches who share 13.28 cM’s, as a 4<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th </span>cousin, or 3<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">rd</span> cousin twice removed, and 6.64 cM’s as a 4<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th </span>cousin once removed, or
3rd cousin three times removed. And the larger the biggest individual segment
the closer the relationship. But in this case that has proved an incorrect
prediction. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">And a study
by Cambridge University (Kevin P. Donnelly, 1983) estimated the probability of <b>no</b> detectable DNA relationship with an
8x great grandparent as 57.53%, and with a 7x great grandparent as 37.43%. And
the probability of <b>no</b> detectable DNA
relationship with a 6<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> cousin as 89.9% and a 6<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">th</span> cousin
once removed as 94.4%.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">So the
results of this particular autosomal test have challenged the established
predictions quite considerably. Maybe the description of the inherited inversion mutation, above, applies in this case.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">However, without the autosomal test, this author would not have discovered the extraordinary amount of information on Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen's ancestry in Denmark, which proves the potential value of DNA genealogical testing in breaking down those brick walls, and I discovered a genetically related Danish cousin in the process. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The DNA test also proves without doubt that Ferdinand Adolph Poulsen was a genetic descendant of the Dreyers and Hamans, and Rasmus Adamsen and Sarah<b> </b></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Ǿstrup, dating back to the mid 17th century, without any unexpected <i>Non-Paternity Events</i> in the direct line.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b>I must
express my gratitude to my genetic Danish cousin, Morten, for his invaluable
help in determining our relationship, and for all of his wonderful help and infinite patience in
discovering and translating many of the invaluable documents found on the
Dreyer family for me.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">© B A Butler<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Email contact:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">butler1802 @ hotmail.com </span></b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(no spaces)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p></o:p><br />
<o:p></o:p><br />
<o:p><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span></o:p><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></strong><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comWaverley NSW Australia-33.9011438 151.25376430000006-33.9143228 151.23359430000005 -33.8879648 151.27393430000006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-3803647189020058972013-03-19T19:43:00.001-07:002020-05-24T23:04:30.541-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:9- sister Ellen Tobin<span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><em><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></em><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Ellen Tobin</strong>, born 1833, was the fourth of six children of John Tobin and Elizabeth Brien of southern Tipperary, in or near Newcastle in the barony of West Iffa and Offa. John Tobin died in Dublin in 1837 aged 37 and was buried in Glasnevin cemetery, however, his wife and children remained living in Tipperary. The children were born between 1821 and 1836- viz. Mary b.c.1821, Catherine b.c.1823, Stephen b.1825, Ellen b.c.1832, William b.c.1833 and John b.c.1834.</span></span><br />
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Barony of West Iffa and Offa, southern Tipperary</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">In a deposition dated 18 January 1894 Sydney, <em>Stephen Tobin of Tallebudgera in the Colony of Queensland but at present temporarily of Mulgoa Penrithy in the Colony of New South Wales,</em> declared that <em>the said Ellen Koch late of Smithfield near Cooktown in the Colony of Qld, wife of Henry Koch, died at Smithfield on or about the sixth of April 1878. The said Ellen Koch was my sister. The said <strong>Ellen Koch was married to the said Henry Koch</strong> and left no children. The said <strong>Ellen Koch was formerly married to one Fahey</strong> by whom also she had no children. (QLD State Archives, N11667, dated 15/2/94)</em></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Ellen Tobin </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">arrived in South Australia on 10 September 1849 aboard the ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elgin</i></b>’ which left Liverpool on 17 May via Plymouth on 1 June. She was 16 or 17 years of age and was one of 190 ‘Orphan’ girls, including 15 girls from Clonmel, on board.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p>[ref: Irish Famine Memorial Sydney- Famine Orphan Girls database- <a href="http://www.irishfaminememorial.org/orphans/">http://www.irishfaminememorial.org/orphans/</a>, and</o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p>South Australia Passenger Lists- Early Shipping Arrivals and Immigration, by Barry Leadbeater- <a href="http://www.familyhistorysa.info/shipping/passengerlists.html">http://www.familyhistorysa.info/shipping/passengerlists.html</a>, </o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p>and, Sources 6,7(J. Fahy), 20, 30- see below].</o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>part of the passenger list for the 'Elgin'.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Ellen Tobin married </b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">James Fahy/Fahey</b> on <b>13 June 1850.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(S.A. Reg. No. 8/201)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Ref: Historical South Australian Marriages 1836-1856, Barry Leadbeater-</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><a href="http://www.familyhistorysa.info/births-marriages-deaths/marriages.html"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">www.familyhistorysa.info/births-marriages-deaths/marriages.html</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">) </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>South Australian Immigration Records</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">James Fahy and sister Anne Fahy</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> arrived in South Australia on 7 December <b>1840 </b>aboard the ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Birman’ f</b>rom Greenock via Cork on 24 August 1840. </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> (Sources 2,4,7(+ w. Holland), 20- see below). James was born between 1812-1813, and sister Ann about 1814.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Fahys were from Knockanira, Parish of Killone, 8 kms from Ennis in Co. Clare, Ireland</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Anne Fahy married William Holland on 9 August 1843. He was educated and a Catholic from Lincolnshire.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(information courtesy of Fahy descendant Marilyn Corica)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Birman</i>’, carrying 218 passengers, was one of the last of the ships to arrive under the Emigrant Labourer Free Passage Scheme, proposed by Edward Wakefield, and accepted by the Colonization Commissioners of South Australia. The scheme ended at the end of December 1840 through lack of funds. By the end of 1840, there were approximately 17,366 persons in the new colony of S.A., including 5000 labourers and their families.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">This marriage was not a harmonious union. Less than a year after their marriage, the following Police Court report appeared in the <span style="color: blue;"><b><i>South Australian Register (Adelaide), </i>Tuesday 8 April 1851 page 3</b></span>:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Police Court,
Adelaide Monday 7<sup>th</sup> April<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i><b>James Fahey
</b>appeared on the information of his wife, <b>Ellen Fahey</b>, for ill-treating her and
threatening to shoot a ball through her body, on the 3<sup>rd</sup> instant.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Ellen Fahey
stated that her husband for a long time past had beaten and ill-used her to
such an extent that she was obliged to leave her home, which she did on the day
named, for the purpose of getting a situation in Adelaide. After she left the
house, her husband followed her down the road, beat her about the face and
head, and threatened to kill her. He also said he would strip her naked and tie
her to a tree. Before she left the house, he threatened to set fire to it about
her. After his abusing her in the road, she persuaded him to come into town to
see the Catholic Priest. He was not at home, and her husband then renewed his
attacks, which compelled her eventually to take refuge in the Police Barracks.
His conduct was not the result of drunkenness; if it had been she would
willingly have forgiven him.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>The prisoner
could not make any answer to the complaint of his wife, but confined himself to
a declaration that he was a kind husband, and that his wife had a bad heart, as
was fully proved by her causing him to be half devoured with bugs and fleas in
the lock-up all night.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Prosecutrix
said she could produce witnesses who could confirm her statement. </i></span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The prisoner
was bound over in £25 to keep the peace for one year.</i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen stated that she had left her husband because of the constant abuse and was trying to find 'a situation in Adelaide'. Whether she returned to him or carried out her threat to leave him is not known. They had no children. For poor Ellen, the beginning of her new life in this new land was a very unhappy one, having married a cruel brute of a man. She must have wondered about her decision to emigrate. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sometime between this incident in April 1851 and her second marriage in Sydney in December 1854, her husband James Fahy/Fahey either died (no records found) or she obtained a divorce or annulment from him, which would have been an unusual step for a Catholic, but given the circumstances, she may have been driven to it, and certainly now had the evidence she needed for grounds for divorce- <i>"this could have been a Church Divorce which meant that the Priest could convene a Church/Ecumenical Council Court, grant a divorce or annulment and they would be free to commence new lives. The Catholic Parish was St Patricks in Adelaide."</i> ( per Marilyn Corica).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It may be the case that he divorced her on grounds of desertion. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Descendant of Ann Fahy (who died in 1872) has found that a James Fahy appeared in the Wallaroo Court on a drink charge in 1877 and at the time, three of his nephews were working at Wallaroo, and that this could indicate that James had remained living near his family. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The most likely record pertaining to Ellen Fahey's arrival in Sydney, is the record of the coastal schooner the <i>'Almeda</i>' which sailed up and down the east coast between Melbourne and Newcastle, arriving in Sydney in February 1853. She would have had to travel from Adelaide to Melbourne first, either, via another coastal schooner, or overland. How she afforded these trips is a mystery, given her circumstances. And where and how she found work for the year preceding her marriage is also unknown. Maybe the Catholic Church helped her, and possibly found her a position in Sydney. She probably met her second husband through the church.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(my grateful thanks to Marilyn Corica for her invaluable information and input on the Fahys)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By 1854, Ellen was in Sydney where she found her new husband, and appears to have found happiness at last.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen’s background<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As outlined in Chapter 2, Ellen’s father John Tobin died when Ellen was just 4 years of age. He was a 'provisions dealer' (seller of food items) selling from a small shop in Townsend Street, Dublin at the time of his death. He was possibly selling the produce from his farm in Tipperary.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen was probably born in or near the place where her brother Stephen was born, viz. Newcastle, a few miles SW of Clonmel, in the barony of West Iffa and Offa, in southern Tipperary, near the border with Co. Cork and Co. Waterford. She may have been born in the town of Clonmel. Whether the death of her mother Elizabeth Tobin nee Brien occurred before or after Ellen left Ireland for Australia is unknown, but she grew up during the period of the Great Potato Famine in the 1840’s, when Tipperary was particularly badly affected. It would appear that she was placed in the Clonmel Workhouse, possibly with her mother and two younger brothers. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen’s elder sister Catherine had migrated to NSW in 1842 and was living with her husband, Timothy Guinea, on the Berry estate at Gerringong by 1848. Their eldest brother Stephen was a sergeant in the British Army and would follow his sisters to NSW in 1857, paying for his and his wife’s passage from Ireland. Stephen Tobin was highly intelligent and well educated, proving to be a valuable community leader with excellent communication skills which he used effectively with local politicians to gain valuable infrastructure for his community, even becoming an alderman representing the Gerringong/Kiama residents at one stage, and continuing his role as a community leader following his move to Tallebudgera in QLD in 1869 where he was one of the original pioneers of the area.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Historian and author of two books on the history of the area from the Nerang to the Tweed border, Robert Longhurst described Stephen Tobin as “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">a determined lobbyist, an articulate man who obviously had previous experience in rattling the bones of government. In a community where many settlers could not sign their names, Tobin early on assumed a commanding role</i>.” And, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">An especially literate and forthright man, Stephen Tobin figured as a prominent community leader.</i></span> </span></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">So even though Ellen ended up as a pauper in the Clonmel Workhouse following the untimely death of her father, she came from a reasonably well-off family background with sizeable landholdings in the area, not from the poor peasantry.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Clonmel Workhouse<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following description gives us an idea of life in the Clonmel Workhouse and the reasons why a young girl like Ellen would grab the chance for a new life in Australia with the offer of a free passage. She had probably received favourable reports from her sister Catherine who had made the journey seven years before her.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The first Clonmel Poor Law Union workhouse was located to the west of the town on the north bank of the Suir River, in a district known as Irishtown, at the junction of Upper Irishtown and Convent Road, and was an adaptation of the existing House of Industry set up in 1811 by the Quakers as ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">a common receptacle for all descriptions of malfortunes, serving at the same time as a place of confinement for vagrants and lunatics as well as an asylum for the poor and helpless’</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(ref: Eamonn Lonergan, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">St Joseph’s Hospital, Clonmel: An Historical and Social Portrait</i>, self published, 2000)<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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(<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ref: clonmelgraveyards.com/indexphp/other-stuff/clonmel-workhouse)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Clonmel Poor Law Union was officially formed in March 1839 and was responsible for the running of the Clonmel Workhouses. Financing for the Poor Law Union was via the 'rates' or property tax collected from property owners, under the Act.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The government took over the House of Industry in 1841 as Clonmel’s first workhouse. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The upgraded building could accommodate 600 and was declared fit for the admission of paupers on 1 January 1841 and admitted its first inmates the same day.</span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Margaret Rossiter wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1842, there were 506 inmates, classified as ‘paupers’, whose diet consisted of oatmeal, skimmed milk and potatoes, and as potatoes became scarce, bread was substituted and other items such as Indian Meal (maize) were added. By February 1847, 1,365 men, women and children were in the Clonmel Workhouse, where overcrowding had become such that Auxiliary Workhouses had to be established, one on the Quay and another in the Northgate Brewery.</span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the Clonmel Workhouse, its policy was segregation and families were parted, causing much distress to parents. Whether Ellen was placed with her mother and two younger brothers is unknown.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Eamon Lonergan gives a fascinating account of life in the Clonmel workhouse, and </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">looks at the operation and management of Clonmel’s Workhouse, which was in the hands of the Board of Guardians, appointed from amongst the country’s largest ratepayers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Workhouse Master and Matron took charge of the day-today management, some of whom were decent and kind, and others “disreputable and incompetent. In the first years of its operation, the workhouse seems to have been plagued by staffing problems. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The first Master of the workhouse was Edward O’Riordan who had previously been Master fo the old House of Industry. His daughter Mary became Matron. O’Riordan was forced to resign in 1842 when the unmarried inmate mother of a newborn male child revealed that O’Riordan was the father. The mother and child were also ejected from the workhouse.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1845, the O’Riordan’s successors, a Mr and Mrs Lumley, were dismissed after two inmates were found drunk. The next incumbents were Patrick and Catherine Ryan had a relatively brief tenure- Catherine died of fever in Feb 1847 and her husband was dismissed a month later, being considered unable to perform his duties adequately. Two further appointees both resigned after brief tenures.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The rules were strict and infringements punished. In 1847, “Biddy O’Meara was caught climbing the wall and ordered to be confined for 24 hours and have her hair cut.”. “Five boys who refused to work on the farm were given 12 lashes each.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By November 1849, with increasing and intolerable pressures on the institution and its inmates, consideration was given to the construction of a new Workhouse.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">At the end of 1850, land for a new workhouse building was leased, and the building to hold 1,200 inmates was begun in 1851.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Ref: </span></span><a href="http://www.workhouses.org.uk/Clonmel/"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://www.workhouses.org.uk/Clonmel/</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> , </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and </span></span><br />
<a href="http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/IRELAND/2000-10/0972572789"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/IRELAND/2000-10/0972572789</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Earl Grey’s Emigration Scheme<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This was when Earl Grey’s Emigration Scheme began, and young girls from the Workhouse, some aged only 15 or 16 were shipped to Quebec and to Australia.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen was selected under Earl Grey’s Famine Orphan Scheme which ran between 1848 and 1850. He was Secretary of State for the Colonies and designed the emigration program to meet the demand for domestic servants and marriageable young women, at the same time reducing overcrowding in Irish workhouses.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The young women selected under this scheme during the Famine years were from Workhouses throughout Ireland. Although some were orphans, or had lost the breadwinner of the family, while others were destitute and unable to support themselves due to their family situation. Approximately 4000 Irish female orphans under the Earl Grey Scheme made the journey between October 1848 and August 1850. While some suffered at the hands of their employees and husbands, others, such as Ellen, found happiness and prosperity. The scheme only lasted two years, as objections rose about the colony being flooded with unskilled Irish Catholic immigrants which was undesirable and a drain on the economy. The newspapers warned that <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">most of the Belfast Irish Orphans were addicted to bad language and behaved in a mutinous manner, and that the colony would become a receptacle for thieves, juvenile bastards and prostitutes</i>. The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">SA Register</i> (Oct 25, 1848) reported “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Irish orphans looked to be a tough lot”</i>. So the scheme was brought to an end by 1850 due to such negative reactions.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Refs: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></span><a href="http://museumvictoria.com.au/immigrationmuseum/discoverycentre/your-questions/earl-grey-scheme/"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://museumvictoria.com.au/immigrationmuseum/discoverycentre/your-questions/earl-grey-scheme/</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> ; and <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/fh/passengerlists/PauperImmigrationScheme.htm"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/fh/passengerlists/PauperImmigrationScheme.htm</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and : Irish Orphan Girls, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">'Barefoot And Pregnant? - Irish Famine Orphans In Australia</i>' ISBN 0 949672 25 4<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The three masted barque, 548 ton, ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elgin’</i></b>, brought 190 female orphans from southern Ireland (Cork, Waterford and Tipperary)-- 85 from Skibbereen, 35 from Killarney, 30 from Fermoy, 25 from Lismore, and 15 from Clonmel. Reportedly, almost half of them had their period for the first time on this trip. While the age ranged from 15 to 20, the majority appear to have been aged 16 or 17. All the Irish orphans were provided with- 6 shifts, 6 pairs stockings, 2 flannel petticoats, 2 pairs shoes (not boots), and 2 gowns (one of warm material). <o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Board was also required by the Emigration Board to provide each Catholic girl with a Douay bible and a R.C. prayer book, and a box measuring </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2 feet long 14" high and 14" wide </i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in which to hold their allocated provisions and personal items.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong>Elgin’</strong></i> departed from Liverpool on May 17, 1849 and made its way around the coast to Portsmouth from which it finally departed on May 31 1849 and arrived at McLaren Wharf at Port Adelaide on September 10, 1849. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(Ref.</span> </span><a href="http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/fh/passengerlists/1849elgin.htm"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/fh/passengerlists/1849elgin.htm</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><u> </u></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Where it picked up the 190 Irish orphans is not specified, but it was possibly at Cork after the ship departed Liverpool. The Clonmel Board of Guardians reported that <i>'In reference to the letter of the Poor Law Commissioners... date 9 May 1849, the Board resolved to fit out 15 young girls for emigration to Australia, their names and ages are as follows.... <b>Ellen Tobin 17</b>... these names and the corresponding characters are to be sent to Lt Henry R.N. without delay, the outfit of 8 of the above is already prepared and Col. Philpps and Dr Scully are in power to cause the necessary articles of dress etc to be got for the remaining 7 so as to have them </i><i>ready for embarkation and to make arrangements for <b>the conveyance of the whole party to Cork by the appointed time 24th May instant"</b></i><b>.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">After the first 28 girls were selected for emigration in 1848, the Board reported on 14 April 1849 that "<i>there are several other families in the workhouse eligible and willing to go and for whom the Guardians are satisfied to defray the expenses of outfit etc when sanctioned by the Commissioners."</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">On 21 April 1849,<i> "In reference to an enquiry made by the Poor Law Commissioners as to the number of young females the Board would be willing to fit out for emigration they have caused a search to be made and find there are a considerable number in the house eligible and willing to emigrate: the number of such persons may be set down at 69. The Guardians are willing to comply with the necessary conditions to send out 60 of these persons and will commence the required preparations on being instructed to that effect by the Poor Law Commissioners." </i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Only the 15 on the <i>Elgin</i> went to South Australia, the others chosen went to Sydney, Port Phillip or Hobart.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(<i>Clonmel Board of Guardians Minute Books 14 May 1849</i> p.306-- from typescript supplied by Dr B. Taylor sometime Deputy Keeper, Public Record Office of Northern Ireland- sourced in B<i>arefoot and Pregnant? Irish Famine Orphans in Australia</i>, Volume 2, p.11-12, compiled by Trevor McClaughlin, pub. Genealogical Society of Victoria, 2001.)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The first 28 girls selected by the Clonmel Board of Guardians for emigration on the ship '<i>Roman Emperor</i>', were sent to Dublin, the Board paying 8 shillings car and railway fare, and 13s. 6d. for the passage from Dublin to Plymouth.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Of the first shipload of 246 orphans sent to South Australia on the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Roman Emperor’</i>, according to the Lieutenant Governor, all were engaged by the Colonists within 14 days from their arrival in the Colony. However, by the time of the arrival of the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elgin</i>’ in September 1849, the situation was very different, and this shipload of orphans found difficulty finding positions.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">South Australian Register</i> reported:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">September 12, 1849- The female orphans aboard the Elgin expressed themselves highly satisfied with their treatment, and the Captain (John Mann) says he has not a fault to find with the young women</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">September 15, 1849- Saturday- the Office of the Children apprenticeship Board advertised that: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The ‘Elgin’, with female orphans, arrived. Applicant desirous of availing themselves of their Services, are requested to attend, in person or by proxy at the Office of the Secretary, Native School, on and after Friday next, the 14<sup>th</sup> instant. It is recommended that the orphans be removed immediately after the arrangements have been made.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Signed M. Moorehouse, Secretary to the Board.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">October 13, 1849- Shipping Intelligence- the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elgin</i>’ was ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lying in the stream’</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">October 13, the Report of the Board mentioned that “.. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The orphans per the Elgin arrived on the 10<sup>th</sup> September last, but are meeting with situations at a slow rate. The vessel has been nearly one month on Port, and <strong>there are at this date, 109 unhired</strong>…”<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">November 14, 1849- the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elgin</i>’ was “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">loading for London</i>”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">December 29, 1849- the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elgin</i>’ was still in Port Adelaide awaiting loading. Most of this delay was attributable to the delay in finding places for the orphans.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen Tobin’s Second Marriage<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By 1854, Ellen found herself in Sydney where she <strong>married</strong> <strong>Henry Koch, on 6 Dec 1854</strong> at St Mary’s Catholic Cathedral Sydney. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(NSW Reg. V.1854 100/708) <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Newspapers stated that Henry Koch was from America. It would appear that<b> Henry Christopher Koch</b> was from St Louis in Missouri, USA, and a possible death record states that he arrived in the colony of NSW at the age of 21, ie. c.1852. The funeral notice said that he was from Illinois- St Louis is on the Mississippi river dividing Missouri from Illinois. Steamboats first arrived in St Louis in 1818, improving connections with New Orleans and eastern markets. Missouri was admitted as a state in 1821, in which slavery was legal, working in many jobs on the waterfront as well as on riverboats. Neighbouring Illinois was a free state. Immigrants from Ireland and Germany arrived in St Louis in significant numbers in the 1840's and the population of St Louis grew from less than 20,000 in 1840 to 77,800 in 1850. Settled by many Southerners in a slave state, the city was split in political sympathies and became polarized during the American Civil war beginning in 1861. By then Henry had left for New South Wales. The death record states he was born in St Louis, c.1831, so his father, also named Henry Christopher Koch, a miller, had settled in St Louis before the majority of German immigrants in the 1840's.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Not long after their marriage, Henry and Ellen Koch travelled north to QLD and settled in Dalby sometime around 1856. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dalby, on the Myall Creek was declared a township in 1854 and became a municipality in 1863. It is on the Darling Downs, about 216 km north west of Brisbane. It is said that it was named after Dalby on the Isle of Man. The railway arrived at Dalby in 1868.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">So the Koch's played an important part in the early history of this town.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By June 1857, Henry was regularly importing goods into QLD, and in September 1857 Koch was one of those praised for their efforts in fighting a fire in the Dalby Arms Hotel. By all accounts, Koch appears to have been financially well-off. Whether he made his money on one of the gold-fields is not known.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Kochs were prominent and quite affluent town citizens, owning extensive property and shops. In the early 1860’s, the Kochs were renowned throughout the district for hosting grand balls to which over 100 of the leading residents in the town and district would be invited, which were reported in local newspapers.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Unusually, on 29 December 1862, Ellen Koch was named as the purchaser of Allotment 11, Section 66, in the township of Dalby, 2 roods, for ₤9. 17s. This land was acquired by Ellen’s named heir, her brother Stephen Tobin in April 1895 and transferred to Edward Michael O’Keefe in August 1895. Oddly her husband was not named as her heir, nor could he claim her inheritance, possibly because he was not an British citizen.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Dalby in 1896 taken from the Dalby Pictorial Book</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By 1863, descriptions of Dalby included ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mr Koch’s extensive stores’</i>. He sold his stores in July 1865 and left for Sydney, only to return to Dalby in December, due to ill health.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In September 1867, Henry applied for 320 acres of the land released upon the Cumkillenbar Reserve. He built a grand seven room house, approached by an avenue bordered by fruit trees and a vineyard, which masked the stockyard and a paddock under cultivation. He grew cotton with fair success, however the farming experiment ultimately proved a failure and was later sold at a loss. A report in 1874 on the Cumkillenbar Agricultural Reserve, described the Koch homestead: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">at one time it had been the ‘beau ideal’ of what a prosperous farmer’s residence ought to be. Koch is said to have laid out ₤1500 on the whole property. To support him in his attempt to make his farming experiment pay, he had the benefit of an income from property in Dalby to the amount of ₤250 p.a. The property passed into the hands of Messrs Bell of Jimbour for ₤300.</i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Koch was appointed to the Commission of the Peace in 1868. In June that year, the R.C. Bishops of Brisbane, Maitland and Goulburn visited Dalby and were conveyed to the church in the carriages of Mr Koch and Alderman O’Keeffe. The Bishops then stayed the night at the Koch residence, before moving on to Toowoomba.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In October 1868, the great fire in the main street of Dalby destroyed Koch’s extensive premises- damage was estimated at ₤1500 and Koch was unfortunately uninsured.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In August 1870, Koch stood as a candidate for the Northern Downs, losing to Mr Bell at the election. His electoral speech revealed he held rather controversial views re the extension of the railway which he stated had been <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">a</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">curse to the colony</i>; he also supported the idea that all land bordering rivers and dams should be resumed by government as reserves; and that every farmer in QLD should be allowed on the land on the same terms as squatters, which would encourage immigration to the state.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Koch held several positions of importance in the town, including J.P.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1870, he was appointed one of the trustees of the Dalby General Cemetery.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In December 1871, the Kochs decided to leave Dalby- the water supplies in the area had completely dried up and Henry announced his plan to return to America. Whether they went to America first before returning and trying their luck in the newly developing area opening up in the far north of the state near the Hodgkinson goldfields near Cooktown, or whether they went straight there is uncertain.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Koch’s selected an allotment in the newly opened town near the Palmer goldfield named Cooktown followed by two allotments in the town of Smithfield near Cairns in Nth QLD, becoming pioneers of that area which was fast developing as a gold mining area.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Having purchased land in September 1875, Henry opened a saddlery and harness store in Cooktown, and was elected as an alderman. In May 1877, he and Ellen both purchased land at Smithfield, upriver from the newly developing township of Cairns. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ellen died of jungle fever at Smithfield in April 1878, and was buried at Smithfield the next day. She left no issue. (QLD Reg. 1878/C427) </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Strangely, it was her brother Stephen Tobin who claimed her properties in Dalby, Cooktown and Smithfield in 1894, as her 'heir-in-law', not her husband.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following year, in 1879, Henry had a narrow escape from a cruel death, in an encounter with a crocodile determined to have Koch for dinner. <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In <span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: black;">that same year it was reported that he found two nuggets of gold at Tinaroo south of Cairns.</span> </span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Henry Koch was last heard of when a wrote a commentary on the Land Act for <em>'The Worker'</em> (Brisbane) newspaper on 28 June 1902. </span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following newspaper reports reveal the details of the Koch’s lives in Dalby and Smithfield:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">North Australian, Ipswich and General Advertiser</span></em></strong> , Tues 9 June 1857, p2:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Shipping Intelligence</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Imports</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Yarra Yarra</em>: 1 case saddlery, <strong>Koch</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">North Australian, Ipswich and General Advertiser</span></strong></em> Tues 29 September 1857, p.3 -Fire at Dalby</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">On Saturday night last, about midnight, the Inn known as the Dalby Arms, was discovered to be on fire. It was first discovered by a neighbour and by the time the alarm was given the whole building was enveloped in flames.... All the inhaitants of the town were promptly on the spot, and a line was formed for the purpose of conveying water from the creek, and thanks to their exertions, the large stable adjoining was saved. There was but one lodger in the end of the house where the fire originated, and he has been arrested on suspicion of setting fire to the premises. Great praise is due to the following parties who signalised themselves by their untiring exertions to extinguish the fire:- Messrs Roche, Burns, Sapthurn, Taylor, Clarke, <strong>Koch</strong>, etc.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Darling Downs Gazette and General Advertiser</span></strong></em>, Thurs 22 July 1858 p.2</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Register of Lost Stock</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">From Green Bank, <strong>9 months ago</strong>, as Iron Gray Mare, long tail, branded HK WG on shoulder: owner <strong>H Koch</strong>, Dalby.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: blue;"><em>The North Australian Ipswich and General Advertiser</em></span></strong> Tues 15 Nov 1859 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Roman Catholic Church Ipswich<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following is a complete list of all Subscriptions paid towards the erection of the Ipswich Catholic Church during the period of one year.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Moreton Bay Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 12 Jan 1861 p3- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Jan 5<sup>th</sup> 1860 (sic)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Another private ball took place in the same hall on the Thursday night, <strong>Mr and Mrs. Koch</strong> of this town being the donors. About 120 of the leading residents in the town and district, availed themselves of the invitation, the Messrs. Smith were in attendance and their fine music was duly appreciated by the number of persons joining in each dance. About 80 or 90 sat down about 12 o’clock to a supper composed of every luxury the “Downs” could afford, and dancing was resumed until daylight, when the guests separated, highly delighted with their entertainment. Mr and Mrs Koch may pride themselves upon the success of the festivities, which could not have passed off better in the city. Only one slight circumstance occurred to mar the harmony of the evening. A puppy calling himself a north squatter, having more assurance than sense, grossly insulted some of the company, but the door was opened and he was politely handed out to enjoy the scenery of Dalby by moonlight.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Darling Downs Gazette and General Advertiser</strong></span></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Thurs 21 March 1861 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Public Notice<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In reference to an advertisement in last week’s ‘Gazette’ I hereby give notice that <strong>HENRY KOCH</strong> of Dalby has no claim whatever over any horses or cattle belonging to me; and that any person purchasing from the said Henry Koch cattle of the following brands will be doing so entirely at their risk: on the rib and rump WC on rear ribs and C on JC near shoulder.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I also caution anyone from purchasing from Henry Koch, a Roan Mare, branded JSC near shoulder and a Yearling Foal branded J near shoulder<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">John Collins<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">The North Australian Ipswich and General Advertiser</span></em></strong> Fri 3 May 1861 p.4<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">FOR SALE<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Those eligible Premises, situated in Drayton-street Dalby, now in the occupation of <strong>Mr H. Koch</strong>, and one of the best business sites in that town. The buildings stand on a half-acre allotment, and comprise a Store 20x14, a Parlour 12x14, and two Bedrooms each 10x12, a Sitting-room 10x12, with the necessary Outhouses, Ac. The Allotment was sold as No. 4 of Section No. 6 and is securely fenced in with a good paling fence. The whole will be sold on liberal terms, and is to be parted with solely on account of the proprietor leaving the colony.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Applications to be made to Mr H. Koch, Dalby or to Messrs T Jones and Co. Ironmongers, Ipswich.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Tues 20 May 1862 p3- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A ball was given on Monday night by <strong>Mr Koch</strong>, at his private residence. About eighty persons were present, who apparently enjoyed themselves exceedingly, as they did not “go home toll Morning”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Tues 27 May 1862 p3- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An accident occurred here the early part of this week, the results of which might have been serious, but which fortunately resulted in nothing worse than a broken arm. Quite enough at once, most people will say, but when a man’s horse falls with him, and amuses itself by rolling over him, I think the man has cause to congratulate himself that it is no worse. All this happened to <strong>Mr. Koch</strong>, storekeeper here, and to the surprise of those who saw the occurrence, he escaped with a broken arm only.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Henry Koch</strong> was not shy to take out writs against people (various <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Brisbane Couriers</i>):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Police Court</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">25 Jan 1862</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Henry Koch</strong> v. F. Atkinson: goods sold and delivered amounting to to ₤8 5s 6d, settled by private arrangement.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Police Court</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> 24 <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">July 1862</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Before F Rawlins Esq. P.M. and F. Roche, Esq. J.P.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H. Koch</strong> v. John Cahill: Cruelty and injury to horses- no wish to push the case: dismissed<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H. Koch</strong> v. Mrs Lavercombe: Summons for using abusive language: withdraws<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">John Barry, charge with stealing a quabtity of spurs, the property of <strong>H. Koch</strong>; sentenced to three months’ imprisonment<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Petty Debts Court 24 July 1862<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H. Koch</strong> v. W. Parkes: Summons for £10 for goods delivered; verdict for plaintiff<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H. Koch</strong> v. Thomas Bateman: Summons for £2.12s.6d. for goods supplied; verdict for plaintiff<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Police Court 2 Sept 1862<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H Koch</strong> v. R. Heales: Summons for ₤3.7s.6d. good sold and delivered: verdict for plaintiff.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Police Court 23 Sept 1862<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Wm Mann charged with illegally working a horse, the property of <strong>H. Koch</strong>: case dismissed; Court not having any jurisdiction<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 1 Aug 1863 p.4- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">July 28 1863<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Report on the town of Dalby (Dalby declared a township in 1854 and became a municipality in 1863):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Anyone who knew Dalby four or five years ago, and who has been absent since that time, would now scarcely recognize it. The numerous buildings springing up- the many improvements that are intended to be made by our future corporation (now undergoing the process of incubation)- the number of the population- the increasing commercial enterprise- and the annual amount paid for carriage of goods and wool in the Dalby district (estimated at £30,000)- are conclusive evidence of the growing importance of Dalby, etc. etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The streets now being defined- the different buildings are brought prominently into view, the number of which astonish even the residents. Bark huts have given way to more substantial erections, which will bear favourable comparisons with any buildings out of Brisbane, and many of them would not disgrace even the leading streets of the metropolis. (Follows with description of hotels, shops etc. and continues). Of stores, I may more particularly mention the business like building erected by Mr John Disney, <strong>Mr Koch’s extensive stores</strong>, and the new premises of Messrs Trundle and Cottell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Thurs 17 Dec 1863- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Auctioneers’ licenses have been granted to , etc. etc. <strong>Mr Henry Koch</strong> had applied for and obtained a general auctioneer’s license.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">The Northern Australian Brisbane</span></em></strong> Tues 2 Feb 1864 p4.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">To Let, for a term of years, the well known General Stores, situated in Drayton-street Dalby, at present in occupation of <strong>Mr Henry Koch,</strong> who is retiring from business.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The premises consist of a Retail Store with House combined, the latter containing two Parlours and four Bedrooms.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Large Wholesale Store, with loft and two rooms attached, capable of storing 100 tons of goods.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An excellent Kitchen, adjoins the house, with store-room and bed-room.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The premises are centrally situated in Drayton-street, and well known to the Mercantile Houses in Brisbane, having been established for Seven Years.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For Further particulars apply to <strong>Henry Koch Dalby<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 23 July 1864 p5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A sale of 56 allotments of land, situate in the township of Jandowae, was held in the Dalby Court-House on the 18<sup>th</sup> instant. The attendance was very poor, and not a single allotment underwent competition. The following is the result of the sale:- Lot 15, purchased by <strong>Mr Henry Koch</strong>. (NB another 2 lots went for “the upset price of” £8 per acre.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Wed 15 Feb 1865 p.2 IPSWICH<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A serious robbery was committed on Saturday night as Ross’s Victoria Hotel, East-street. <strong>Mrs Koch, wife of Henry Koch</strong>, storekeeper of Dalby, came down in the Toowoomba coach on Saturday evening, en route for Victoria, accompanied by two friends, Mrs Brown and Mrs Skelton, both of Dalby. They stopped at the Victoria Hotel., and, having booked themselves for the morning coach for Brisbane, retired to rest. Mrs Koch having in a pocket-book the flowing moneys:- Two ten-pound notes (new) of the Commercial Bank, issued at Dalby; two or three five-pound notes of the same Bank; a cheque for £5 drawn by ___ Vukgour, of Jingle Jingle Station, on the Orient Bank, Sydney; an order for £5.1s, by Watson and Roebuck, Halliford, in favor of a German, and endorsed by him, on a Sydney firm; some one-pound notes and gold and silver; as also a draft on the Commercial Bank, Sydney, in her favor, for £57. Mrs Koch and Mrs Brown occupied a room opening into the front balcony, adjoining the drawing room; and she felt the money in her pocket before undressing. She placed her clothes on the floor of the room, and the balcony door was left open; the other doors were closed, but not fastened. During the night Mrs Koch slept soundly, but Mrs Brown twice thought she heard someone in the drawing room. They rose early next morning, having to leave by the early coach, and Mrs Brown noticed a half-sovereign on the floor; this cause Mrs Koch to examine her pocket when she discovered that her money was gone. The clothes of both had been moved, but a gold watch and two brooches which were on the table had not been touched. Mr Ross was called, and it appearing that the room next to Mrs Koch’s which had been occupied by a drover, was vacant, the man who was then on his way to Brisbane with a mob of cattle, was brought back and searched, but nothing belonging to Mrs Koch was found on him. Afterwards the whole of the inmates and their apartments were searched, but without any result. An investigation was held yesterday by the Police Magistrate and Messrs Torn and Muchinson at the Victoria Hotel, but nothing calculated to afford a clue for the discovery of the thief was elicited.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Darling Downs Gazette and General Advertiser</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 10 June 1865 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Skelton and Hughes<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Will sell by public auction, on Monday 26<sup>th</sup> June and 3 following days,<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The whole of the Stores, Stock-in-trade &c., of <strong>Henry Koch</strong> Esq., who is retiring from business, comprising a general assortment of Merchandise.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Will be sold on the premises, Drayton Street, Dalby<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Darling Downs Gazette and General Advertiser</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 17 June 1865 p3 advert<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">To Squatters, Storekeepers and Others<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Skelton and Hughes<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Are instructed by <strong>Henry Koch Esq</strong>., to sell by public auction at his store, Drayton-street, Dalby on Monday 26<sup>th</sup> June, the 3 following days, a Large Stock of General Merchandise comprising:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Clothing, Blankets, Drapery, Flour, Tea, Sugar, Groceries, Oilman’s Stores, Ironmongery, Hardware &c. &c., Being the whole Stock of the proprietor, who is retiring from business.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The whole will be sold without reserve.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Darling Downs Gazette and General Advertiser</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 12 August 1865 p1. Advertisement<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Re-opening of Business Premises<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The undersigned (J. Al Baxter) begs leave to inform the above that he has taken those eligible premises (lately occupied by <strong>Mr H. Koch,</strong> General Storekeeper) for a term of years, and has made considerable alterations nd improvements etc. Each department now being distinct and consisting of the following:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>The Koch’s</strong><b> returned briefly to Sydney, but returned at the end of the year:</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Many of the inhabitants will be glad to learn that <strong>Mr H. Koch</strong> has returned to take up- his residence permanently in Dalby. Some time since Mr Koch disposed of his business here, and went to reside in Sydney. At that place, we are informed, his health began to fail, and he determined to return to Dalby, where he has resided many years. He arrived a few days since, and doubtless the presence of his “familiar face” will afford gratification to his numerous friends.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Mon 19 Nov 1866 p.3 DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On Thursday November 8, Mr Edward Phillip O’Dwyer, teacher of the Catholic School in Dalby, attended to his duties as usual, and while at tea, about half-past 7 o’clock in the evening, had a fainting fit. A scream from his wife attracted the attention of <strong>Mr H. Koch,</strong> his next-door neighbor, who at once attended, and by the application of cold water caused a temporary revival. Mr Koch took Mr O’Dwyer on to the verandah, when the latter said that he had not felt well for two or three days. Mr Koch then left with the view of procuring some assistance. After an interval of about ten minutes, Mrs O’Dwyer’s servant came into Mr Koch’s residence and said her master was dying. Mr Koch immediately went over. Dr. Howlin, who had been summoned after the first attack, immediately attended, but the vital spark had fled a few minutes before his arrival. A magisterial inquest and post mortem examination were held on the following day, and a verdict returned, “Died by the visitation of God”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Tues 3 Sept 1867- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Free selection has caused no little stir and excitement during the present week in our usually quiet community. Already 720 acres have been taken up on the <strong>Cumkillenbar Reserve</strong>, and the deposits duly paid; and it is confidently anticipated that by Saturday next more than 2000 acres will have been applied for. Everyone speaks highly of the action taken by the Minister in thus throwing open the agricultural lands of the colony for occupation. Those amongst us who cannot just now raise sufficient of the “ready” to make a selection, good humoredly banter the lucky fellows who have manifested such alacrity in securing the first pick of the choicest blocks- if there can he any that is entitled to the term “choicest” where all the land is represented to be the very best in the colony. The scenery too, is said to be really beautiful; and lying as the reserve does near the foot of the lofty ranges comprising the Bunya Mountains, there is a much greater rainfall throughout the year than on the level country in the immediate vicinity of Dalby. To-morrow (Sunday) the town will be comparatively deserted, that day having been fixed upon by many of the inhabitants for a trip to the locality where so many hope permanently to settle down and found a home. The following persons have already applied for land selected by them- <strong>Henry Koch 320 acres</strong>, Alexander Macarthur 320 acres, Charles Barlow 100 acres.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The cottons seed sent by Mr Cozen for gratuitous distribution, arrived on Saturday last. Mr Roche has already distribute a considerable quantity, and those persons who intend to cultivate the plant had better secure a supply of seed at once.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Mon 17 Feb 1868 p.3- THE GAZETTE<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">We summarize from the Government Gazette of Saturday last, the following:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Magistrate- the following gentlemen have been appointed to the Commission of the Peace:- <strong>Henry Koch</strong>, Dalby; etc. etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Mon 1 June 1868 p.2 DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On Monday afternoon last, the Right Rev. Dr. Quinn, Bishop of Brisbane, accompanied by the Right Rev. Dr. Murray, Bishop of Maitland, and the Right Rev. Dr. Lanigan, Bishop of Goulburn, arrived at Dalby by the half-past 5 o’clock train. They were welcomed at the station by the Very Rev. D.J. D.Arcy, and a large body of members of the Church. The right rev. gentlemen were conveyed to the church in carriages of <strong>Henry Koch, Esq</strong>., J.P. and Alderman O’Keeffe, followed by the members of the Church where an address was read by the Rev. Father D’Arcy, on behalf of the congregation. After the reading of the address, a purse of sovereigns, subscribed by the Catholics of Dalby, was presented, in accepting which His Lordship addressed the congregation at some length. The three Bishops then severally blessed the persons assembled, and were afterwards conveyed to the residence of Mr Koch. On Tuesday morning the Right Rev. De Quinn celebrated mass and preached. There was a large attendance. In the afternoon the right rev. gentlemen took a drive through the town, and in the evening were occupied in the church to a very late hour preparing penitents for most holy communion. On Wednesday morning the Bishops left Dalby for Toowoomba.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Dalby Herald & Western QLD Advertiser, </span>Sat 13 Feb 1869</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Advertisement</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Nunn Brothers have determined on clearing out the whole of the Damaged Stock,</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Before Removing into their New Premises,</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Lately <b>built by Mr Henry Koch,</b> on the site where the late Dalby Exchange stood in <b>Drayton-street,</b> etc.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Tues 6 Oct 1868 p5 DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>GREAT FIRE DALBY</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">From the Daily Herald of Saturday last we take the following detailed account of the fire, briefly described in the Courier yesterday by our Daily correspondent:-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A fire occurred in Dalby on Thursday night last which in a few hours reduced a large proportion of the most valuable property in the town to a heap of ruins. The present aspect of <b>Drayton-street</b> brings forcibly to mind the devastation which resulted from the fires in Brisbane four years since, and which made such terrible havoc n the principal street of the metropolis. About 9 o’clock on Thursday night the groom at Mrs Hartley’s Post –office Hotel was in the harness- room attached to the stables; in this room a “fat-lamp” was burning, and during the temporary absence of the groom it is supposed the flame of the lamp was blown against the lining, causing it to ignite. The intense glare of light in the harness-room attracted the attention of Mr Seckington, who at once went to ascertain the cause, and found the whole of the lining ablaze. In two or three seconds afterwards the fire had ignited the hay in the loft over the stable, and Mr Seckington, seeing it was impossible to save that portion of the premises, raised an alarm, and then turned his attention to getting the horses out of the stable. The whole of the horses- ten in number- were fortunately set free without injury, and they immediately galloped away. In a very short time the stables were completely enveloped in flames, and the fire spread with great rapidity to the adjoining wooden buildings. The alarm was quickly carried over the town. In a short time Sergeant McKiernan with a number of constables arrived, and these were speedily followed by a general muster of the townspeople who rendered material aid in removing the contents of the adjacent stores and dwellings. A number of men exerted themselves in trying to save the kitchen at the rear of the hotel, and in this they happily succeeded, although it was ignited two or three times on the side nearest to the burning stable. Had the fire got control of the kitchen, nothing could have saved the main building from destruction. Another body of men was busy removing the carriages form the coach-house to a place of safety, and in tearing down the garden fences so as to cut off all communication with the buildings in Cunningham-street. By this time the fire had spread to Mr Murray’s fruit shop in Drayton-street, which burnt like a bundle of sticks, and then set in flames the extensive stores of Messrs Nunn Brothers, who lost a portion of their drapery stock and household goods, notwithstanding that every exertion was made to save them. The grocery store of Mr Spriggs was next in flames, and also the extensive wooden premises at the rear. At this stage of the conflagration the column of fire was the greatest and the heat most intense. It was hoped that the range of handsome two-story brick buildings belonging to Mr P. Hallimam, and only recently erected, would effectually prevent the flames spreading further in that direction; and such would doubtless have been the case had there been a good supply of water handy, to beat down, even for a brief period, the immense volume of flame which was lapping and climbing up the gable higher than the roof. But although the brick wall and iron roof did resist the progress of the fire for a considerable time, it was found when the huge blaze from the burning timber began to diminish that the flame had insinuated itself beneath the roof and had ignited the ridge-board, along which it gradually and slowly crept to the rafters, and along the other timber work in the roof. The slow progress the fire now made, however, enabled the occupiers of the shops beneath to remove most of the articles of value which they contained. The documents and other property belonging to the Commercial Bank were safely deposited in the vestry of the Church of England on the opposite side of the street. The stock of Mr Walter Taylor, chemist and druggist, was also removed, but sustained injury in the hurry attending the calamity of this nature. The stock of valuable jewelry in Mr Harris’ premises was also secured, without, so far as we can learn, any damage being done. As soon, however, as it became manifest, that Hallinan’s Buildings would be consumed, exertions were directed towards saving the wine and spirit stores of Messrs Landy Brothers, and also those adjoining belonging to Messrs Benjamin and Co., known as the old School of Arts, and in which a miscellaneous collection of merchandise usually found in spirit and grocery stores were accumulated, to the value of £9000 or £10,000. The Police Magistrate and the Mayor, both of whom, with many others of the principal residents, had arrived early at the scene of the conflagration, were indefatigable in their endeavors to direct to the best advantage the efforts of the crowd of men who had by this time assembled, and who were only too anxious to be of service. By the direction of the Police Magistrate, the small fruit shop which occupied the narrow space between Hallinan’s Buildings and Messrs. Landy’s establishment was cleared away; the contents of the stores were turned out, hogsheads of spirits, &c., being rolled away to a place of safety; wet blankets were spread over the entire roof, while a string of men attending to the creek passed up hundreds of buckets of water to be used to prevent Landy’s building taking fire. In addition to these precautions, the whole of the timber work likely to catch fire was knocked away, including the eaves, verandahs, and fences at the rear &c., &c.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">These arrangements had scarcely been completed when the upper floor in Hallinan’s Buildings fell with a loud crash, sending up myriads of sparks, causing the fire to rage with increased fury. The brick walls, however, kept the fire back until it had almost exhausted itself. The men on the roof at Landy’s store directed their attention to a doorway in the upper story of the wall, and to a small wooden landing that overhung the narrow passage. As the flames burst through the doorway, buckets of water were thrown upon this landing and against the framework of the door. In spite of the great hear, the men resolutely stuck to their places on the roof, and kept the blankets well saturated with water. By this means the fire was prevented spreading further, and the valuable properties belonging to Messrs Landy and to Messrs Benjamin and Co. were saved from a very narrow escape, and it is entirely owing to the exertions of the numerous volunteers, who came forward in the most praiseworthy manner, that the work of destruction was arrested. Both Messrs Landy and Messrs Benjamin are sufferers to a considerable amount in consequence of the hurried removal of their property; but Messrs Landy more particularly because the whole of their stock of drapery and other goods were bundled out into the street, and several of the cases of spirits were broken and their contents spilled. By about 1 o’clock yesterday morning the fire had so far abated that no further apprehensions of danger were entertained. The police authorities took possession of the property lying scattered about the streets, and watched the smoldering beams and heaps of rubbish until long after sunrise, when they were relieved. The scene now presented is desolate in the extreme. The fire has made a clean sweep of what was the best property in town, and has brought ruin upon several persons. It is estimated that Mrs Hartley is a sufferer to a large amount, a large quantity of valuable household furniture brought from Jondaryan, which was stored ion the coach-house, having been consumed. She also lost a large quantity of harness, saddler, a dray, &c. So far as we can learn, none of the goods were insured. Mr Murray’s loss will be about £100; not insured. Mesrrs Nunn Brothers saved a large portion of their stock, which we believe was insured for £1500. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The building however, as well as that occupied by Mr Spriggs, said the dwelling-house and back premises were the property of Mr Henry Koch, J.P. and were not insured. The damage is estimated at £1500.</b> Mr Sprigg’s loss (uninsured) will be about £200. Mr Hallinan’s loss, however, will prove the heaviest. The range of handsome buildings he had erected on his allotment has, we are informed, cost him, with improvements recently made upwards of £3400; but the stock was insured for £1000 in a Sydney office. The loss to the Commercial Bank wa unimportant, and consisted principally of injury to furniture. Mr Walter Taylor’s stock was not insured, and the loss he has sustained must be considerable. Mr Harris, jeweler, did not sustain any damage beyond the loss of shop fixtures and furniture. Mr Landy’s stock is valued at between and £5000; but the loss altogether resulting from injury by removal will not exceed £400 or £500. The stock was, we understand insured for £2500. The damage sustained by Messrs Benjamin and Co. is also very small in proportion to the value of the stock endangered, over which there was no insurance whatever. Too great praise cannot be awarded to our townspeople for the readiness with which they came forward to render whatever assistance it was possible to give. Prominent amongst them were the ministers of religion, whose energy upon the occasion deserves special mention. Good service was also rendered the police; and a blacksmith, named Adcock, distinguished himself by his persevering efforts. Other persons were very active in helping to put out the flames, and also in saving Landy’s store, but they were so numerous that it would be invidious to mention one or two among so many. At one time Ford’s Hotel was considered to be in danger, and the proprietor took the precaution to protect his establishment by spreading wet blankets on the roof; but the measures taken to prevent the conflagration gaining full possession of Landy’s store proving successful, Mr Ford’s premises have not sustained any damage whatever. We are glad to be able to state that no person was injured.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></strong></em> Sat 20 March 1869 p8<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A serious accident we regret to have to record, occurred last week to Mr F. McKeon, a settler on the Cumkellenbar Reserve. Mr McKeon was preparing to accompany <strong>Mr H. Koch J.P</strong>. into town on the morning of the above day, and saddled a young horse he had recently purchased for the purpose. When attempting to mount, the horse became restive and plunged throwing Mr McKeon to the ground. He was found to have sustained a fracture of the collarbone. In the evening he was brought into town, when Dr Howlin reduce the fracture and the patient is now progressing favourably.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Mon 20 Dec 1869 p3- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The usual monthly Court at the Land-office, Dalby, was held on Wednesday by the new Commissioner Mr A. McDowall. Two applications were sent in for a small piece of land of the Cumkillenbar Reserve, of about 35 acres, the applicants being <strong>Mr H. Koch</strong> and Mr F. McKeon. Mr Koch’s application was approved.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Mon 1 Aug 1870 p.2- DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Dalby Herald of Saturday last-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“The election rumours mentioned in our last issue have scarcely yet assumed tangible form. Two days since, many persons began to feat that Mr Bell would ‘walk over’ after all, and there was no little doubt and dissatisfaction manifest in the various visages of the expectant deputy returning-officers, of whom we learn there are far more applicants than billets to give them. Ion the earlier part of the week an attempt was made to get up a requisition to Mr F. O’Sullivan, but somehow it failed. Since then reports have been current of a working man being brought out, but that also appears to have ended ‘in smoke’. A requisition to <strong>Mr H. Koch J.P. of Cumkillenbar</strong>, is, however, in course of signature, and many persons hope that he will allow himself to be nominated, as he is familiar with the wants of the district, and the great necessity which exists of settling on the adjoining lands a class of farmers, who will be independent to a certain extent of the vicissitudes of the seasons- a<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>number of small squatters in fact, who may lease from the Crown areas of land, varying from 3000 to 10000 acres. We understand that a meeting of electors favourable to Mr Koch’s return was held at the Post Office Hotel, last night, and that they are so farm in earnest as to have determined upon raising a fund with which to defray Mr Koch’s election expenses. Since writing the above we have received the copy of the requisition and Mr Koch’s reply, in which he consents to come forward and announced that he will address the electors in the School of Arts on Tuesday evening. Mr Bell arrived in town last night. It is not improbable, therefore, that something of interest will be talked about during the ensuing week. The visages of expectant ‘deputies’ are already assuming a cheerful and satisfactory aspect, while the publicans and sinners are becoming jubilant.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Wed 10 Aug 1870 p3.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">THE MAIN WANT OF QUEENSLAND<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">To the Editor of the Brisbane Courier.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sir, Everyone who desires the welfare and permanent prosperity of QLD, will, I am sure, heartily concur with the sentiments of the leader (in your Tuesday’s issue) on the subject of the so-called “Royal Agricultural Society of QLD”. That leader states- and its statement is beyond contradiction- that “the great want of QLD is a Colonial Agricultural Society, worthy of its name;”- a society having in view “the progress of agriculture and the improvement of live- stock.” Of a truth, that is the great, nay, the main, want of Qld. The society that held its exhibition in Toowoomba last week is as much a travesty on what an agricultural society should be, as the one that lately held its “Shoe” in Brisbane.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In his able letters in your columns, “Jumbuck” has pointed out that, until there is a combined and comprehensive system of farming initiated and carried out in Qld, there never can be any really substantial class of settlers or settlement in her midst. He also drew a very striking contrast between two descriptions of settlers he saw in NSW:- the one, a motley and miserable class, ill-clothed, ill0fed, and ill-mounted; the other, a body of men pleasant to look upon- the true prototypes of the well-to-do yeomen of the old country. After drawing the picture of the two groups, “Jumbuck” tells us, in plain terms, the cause of the contrast. The bluff, well-looking, and evidently thoroughly prosperous men were those who had combined, with cultivation, the keeping of stock: the other group (the analogues of the greater portion of our Qld farmers), a class that merely subsisted upon the raising of maize, pumpkins and an acre of two of wheat.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Now, Sir, the sooner Qld is stimulated to settle a class of yeomen on her waste lands the better for us all- the better, also, for yourself, who must, I am sure, be (as most of your readers are) sick at heart at hose innumerable letters on “Protection”, which rob the Courier of the space that should be allotted to useful intelligence. Owing to the on-substantial settlement of our waste lands it is that these wearisome scribes (by some of whom, I perceive, John Stuart Mill is regarded as nil) are so continuously clamorous in our midst. They have not employment; but look not as the real cause of the slackness in their several trades. With our interior depopulated, whence can come their customers? But were there (as there should and might be), throughout the length and breadth of beautiful Qld, thousands upon thousands of substantial families on substantial farms, the mechanics and tradesmen of metropolis would then soon find a wonderful tide of prosperity come to their very doors- and all without the aid of their pet nostrum of “Protection”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During all our electioneering hubbub, it is pleasing to see that the substantial idea for Qld has been enunciated by at least one (and it may be said by only one) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">candidate Mr Henry Koch of Dalby</b>, has told the people of that town that the great fault of the present land law is, that it takes from a man the money that, at first, ought to be invested in stock, and posts and rails for paddocks wherein to improve and cultivate fodders for that stock. He maintains that every farmer in Qld ought to be permitted to go on to the land on the same terms as the squatter- ought to be permitted to take up from 1000 to 5000 acres for that purpose of stock raising and wool-growing, on whatever portion of the resumed ___ of runs he might choose to select. Mr Koch believes- not in wholesale alienation, but in the rental of the public estate by the farmers of the Colony.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Had the above proposition been the main feature of Qld’s land policy, of one thing the present writer is assure, that our Darling Downs especially would have now teemed with a wealthy and (as would have been found by the colony at large) a most substantial and all-enriching yeoman population.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">One gratifying fact should be noticed. Our excellent Governor seems fully alive to the fact (as was evidenced from his speech both at Toowoomba and at the late Brisbane agricultural show meeting) that a combined system of husbandry- a blending of the crook and ploughshare- is the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">sine quo non</i> of Queensland’s agrarian prosperity- and, with that, the prosperity of all. Sir George Bowan, also, held the like opinion; as was evidenced from the conversation (reported in the Courier at the time) held by him with Mr Moses Adsett of Enoggera.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Let this be the election cry throughout Queensland- Stock for the farmer; and land at a low rental, whereon to keep it.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">SUGGESTION<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></em></strong> Fri 12 Aug 1870 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">MR H.KOCH AT DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Mr H. Koch,</strong> one of the candidates for Northern Downs, held a meeting in the School of Arts hall, at which a respectable and numerous body of electors and others interested attended. The chair was occupied by Mr. Alderman Jessop. Mr Koch very briefly laid his views on the position of the colony before the meeting. These views were comprised under a number of headings. This, He was not in favor of railway expansion, either from Dalby westward or from Ipswich to Brisbane, nor would he support any continuation of the railway in the North at present. He considered the railways to have been a curse to the colony, in so far as they had led up to fully one-fourth of all the distress and disaster the colony had suffered since they were began. He would support the Palmer Ministry, and believed in the members of it. He advocated a land law that would extend the area of the settled districts to Roma and the Dawson. He was an advocate for economy and retrenchment, therefore could not but support a Ministry pledged to measures having economy and retrenchment for their basis. He would have- if he could- all the lands of the colony open for the people to go upon them with the greatest facility, and to further this view would support the idea of the Government resuming all water frontages and reserving them for the use of the people by proclamation; and he thought reserves of 1000 to 5000 acres should be further made around the dams that were now in existence or to be made. All dams at present made should be resumed, and the Government should make more reservoirs or dams wherever they were required throughout the colony. Unless this were done many other things must remain undone in the way of settling the people upon the lands, and the population now brought to the colony at such great expense would continue to be drained off into the other colonies. He advocated free selection before survey, on the American system- the lands to be taken up at £1 per acre and paid for by yearly installments for five years, in the event of any default the land to revert to the Crown, and be immediately open for selection by any other colonist. He was also in favor of leasing large blocks of from 1000 to 5000 acres of land for grazing or agriculture. His reason for objecting to railway extension was that if they were extended in the South they ought also to be gone on with in the North, and the colony could not stand that at present. It returned, he would support the necessary motion for a sum of money to make Cunningham-street, as by the action of the Government that street had become the main thoroughfare of the town. On immigration he was particularly clear that we did not require any more Government immigration at present. What was wanted was a good land bill well administered, and the money that was at present paid for immigrants spent in the colony, to make the people prosperous who were here, and thereby endure spontaneous immigration. The meeting was afterwards addresses by Mr. P. Hallinan, who afforded much amusement by the peculiar style of oratory he uses, and at intervals tow inebriated electors entertained those present by a little dancing and hooraying peculiar amongst excited temperaments of a certain type. A vote of te usual kind was carried in Mr Koch’s favor, and the usual compliment to the chairman closed the proceedings. Of the entire affair, I quote an opinion offered by one of the free, &c., at the close of the meeting, viz., “Well, it is jolly good fun, but awful rot.” Whether this opinion obtained with the general body I cannot say, but think the meeting was a very pleasant if not a very important affair. It is now the turn of someone else, and as the thirst for political excitement is at present very great, candidates should be considerate enough to “walk up at once.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Tues 16 Aug 1870 p.2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <em>Dalby Herald</em> of Saturday last says:-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“Election affairs continue to absorb public attention, and speculation of all sorts are in circulation as to which of the candidates will be returned. Mr Bell addressed a large meeting at the Union Hall, on Wednesday night, and everything passed off very decorously, yet sufficient feeling was manifested to show Mr Bell that he will have plenty of work to do before he can make sure of the result. Indeed, there will be no certainty about it until the ‘numbers are up’ on polling day. The fact of so few holding up their hands, wither for or against the vote of confidence was not a favourable indication, and has given rise to much comment. On Thursday night, Mr Slaughter addressed a large number of persons at the School of Arts, and he was loudly cheered. He reviewed the policy of the candidates, and their claims upon the support of the electors, in an eloquent speech, and concluded by announcing his resolution to withdraw from the contest, but urged upon them the importance of returning <strong>Mr Koch</strong> as their representative in the present crisis. Mr Slaughter’s withdrawal is regarded with satisfaction by Mr Koch’s supporters, and they appear to be confident their candidate will be returned, while those who espouse Mr Bell’s side are equally sanguine of success. Mr. Thorn is hardly spoken of, and now that Mr. Slaughter has retired, it would be a pity to mar the interesting contest between the two prominent candidates by a third one going to the poll. As Sir Lucius O’Trigger would observe, ‘It is a very pretty quarrel as it stands and the slightest interference will spoil it.’ “<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Henry Koch</strong> was defeated by Mr Bell at the election<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Mon 14 Nov 1870 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">OFFICIAL NOTIFICATIONS<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following notifications appear in Saturday’s Government Gazette:-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following gentlemen have been appointed trustees of Dalby General Cemetery, under the provisions of the Cemetery Act: Messrs James Skelton, <strong>Henry Koch</strong>, William Twine, Richard Sexton, and John Bronchhurst.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Wed 22 March 1871 p.3 Supreme Court Insolvency<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the Estate of Murty Meade- Insolvent was not present Debts proved by <strong>Henry Koch</strong> £29.11s.2d. (rent, allowed as preferent), &c</span></span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFPSrCmOlx6EtKrX6bHk5ysdzf_hmsrYYbqqimdQEXdp29pbWNS-refnfmL6FHiQDOndWA8bvLYmZw7v6voy1cNhqywj1tvWaO48L3fkVUN4wp_qwye8HgUO51hNu7r3joj7ob8kteX8E/s1600/Dalby+Herald+%2526+Western+Advertiser+Sat+7+Oct+1871+p3-+under+distaint+from+rent.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="417" data-original-width="796" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFPSrCmOlx6EtKrX6bHk5ysdzf_hmsrYYbqqimdQEXdp29pbWNS-refnfmL6FHiQDOndWA8bvLYmZw7v6voy1cNhqywj1tvWaO48L3fkVUN4wp_qwye8HgUO51hNu7r3joj7ob8kteX8E/s400/Dalby+Herald+%2526+Western+Advertiser+Sat+7+Oct+1871+p3-+under+distaint+from+rent.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dalby Herald and Western Qld Advertiser, Sat 7 October 1871 p3</span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>The Kochs decided to leave Dalby at the end of 1871:</b></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 10 Dec 1871 p11.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">DALBY<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dec 28 Another week or two and Dalby will have to emigrate to a more favourable spot. The water is all but gone- a nice position for a town under responsible Government!<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Mr H. Koch, a well known and highly respectable inhabitant is leaving here in a few days; his property is to be sold off this week. Mr Koch is a magistrate of the colony, and is bound for America, of which country he is a native.</strong> He does not give a very sanguine view of farming in this locality.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Whether <strong>the Koch's</strong> left for America as planned, only to return a short time later is undetermined.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><i>Dalby Herald and Western QLD Advertiser, Sat 16 December 1871 p3</i></b></span></div>
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<b><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dalby Herald & Western QLD Advertiser, Sat 25 November 1871 p3</span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Description of the Cumkillenbar property:</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span></span>
<i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 1 Aug 1874 p.5.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Darling Downs Selections<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">No. XII<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By our special commissioner<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cumkillenbar Agricultural Reserve being settled under the Act of 1866 does not strictly come within the scope of my mission. The experience in agriculture gained by the occupants of the farms of which it is composed bears, however, so directly upon the prospects of all settlers in this part of the Darling Downs, that I considered the public would be benefitted by an account of what has been effected here. The position is well chosen where a series of gentle ridges meet the plain through which the Bunya Creek runs to join the north branch of Myall Creek. It is simply a continuation of the same country as is included in Mr Moffatt’s selections, recently described by me. On the ridges the soli is reddish and somewhat lighter than along the creek, and was supposed to be similar to the fertile chocolate loam which surrounds Toowoomba. It was also judged that the neighbourhood of the ridges would attract to this area a more frequent rainfall than nature had allotted to the rest of the district. How far these expectations have been fulfilled, I shall show as I proceed. I may commence by stating that agriculture here has not proved a success. The number of farmers cultivating land on this reserve was, I am informed, originally eleven. Of these but four retain their holdings. The rest have sold out and left the place, with the exception of one, who still cultivates his original holding as the employee of the purchaser.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In all directions fenced farms or paddocks present themselves to the view. The number of patches now under cultivation is, however, but three. Mr Donovan, an original selector, farms one of these, and has some 20 or 30 acres under corn and green fodder. He has, however, long given up the idea of making a living by this means, and gains his chief subsistence by a small herd of cattle, which he is permitted to run in the neighbourhood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The next farm has a fine house upon it, which contains seven rooms, and, although wearing now a somewhat neglected air, has evidently at one time been the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">beau ideal</i> of what a prosperous farmer’s residence ought to be. You enter the place through neat gates, and approach the house by a straight avenue bordered by well-grown fruit trees, comprising the apple, peach, quince, loquat, apricot, orange, and fir, besides a patch of vineyard. These mask on one hand the stockyard and on the other the paddock now under cultivation, which is about 30 acres in extent. The formed the home and part of <strong>the estate of a Mr. H. Koch</strong>, who is said to have laid out £1,500 on the whole property, which comprised, I believe, two or three hundred acres. To support him in his attempt to make his farming experiment pay, I understand he had the benefit of an income from property in Dalby to the amount of £250 per annum.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This, it must be granted was a fair start. The result, however, was failure. The property passed into the hands of Messrs Bell of Jimbour for the sum, if my informant was correct, of £300. Mr Moffat, the manager of Cumkillenbar station (part of Jimbour) keeps here, on Mr Bell’s behalf, a married man, who resides with his family in the house, and himself cultivates the land. He was at work at the time of my visit, and his account of recent crops left little room for surprise at Mr Koch’s want of success. Of some seven acres of this ground the last crop of corn only amounted, he said, to about 50 bushels. Not 50 bushels per acre, but that quantity from the whole seven. This statement I could hardly have ventured to reproduce had it not been corroborated by another informant who was known to me by repute as a reliable man, and who had himself husked the produce stated. The crop of oaten hay was also very poor. To Messrs Bell this mattered little. It very possibly was half enough to pay wages, altogether. But the effect upon a farmer who would have to rely for his living upon such returns can be readily imagined. Behind a wall built up of the stones turned out of the ground probably when first broken up, and still retaining a few creepers once meant to convert it from a disfigurement into an ornament to the place, I noticed a broken machine of an appearance which did not seem to connect it with tillage. On enquiry, I learnt that this was a cotton gin, once the property of <strong>Mr Koch</strong>, who had cultivated the staple at one period with fair success. Trifles such as this marked the place as a scene of disaster, and lent a depressing atmosphere to all the surroundings. The half-empty house, the unnatural stillness, where the choices of numerous occupants might have been expected, the half-finished embellishments and broken appliances, made this stage of my journey a sentimental one, and disposed me to reflections in the manner of Sterne’s genius. I recommend these hints to the notice of Mr R. West Mayne, the talented dreamer of “The Two Visions”, who resides at Jimbour…….<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For these disheartening results the climate appears to have been chiefly blamable. The rainfall is too intermittent. The ground is alternately parched and drowned. For two years at one stretch, the creek skirting the <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Reserve has been entirely waterless, and all the wells on the farms have run dry at the same time, including one sunk to a depth of 102 feet. The red soil which was believed to be identical in character with the loam about Toowoomba, appears also to have been a delusion. Its lightness of color seemed to me to be due rather to the admixture of sandy constituents than to any other cause, and the unanimous opinion of the farmers pronounced it wanting in some constituent of fertility. They also allege that, except along the creek, it has no great depth, and attribute the early exhaustion of the Lucerne to its roots reaching after a year of two of growth, a substratum of cold and barren pipeclay, or gravel.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u><span style="color: red;">Relocation to Cooktown</span><o:p></o:p></u></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sometime between 1872-1875, <strong>Henry and Ellen Koch</strong> left the Dalby district to try their luck in the newly developing area opening up in the far north of the state, near the Hodgkinson and Palmer goldfields. Koch opened a store in the new township of Cooktown servicing the Palmer goldfields which opened in 1873, and then by 1878 they had moved further south to Smithfield (now a suburb of Cairns), on the Barron River, which served the newly opened Hodgkinson goldfield. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Whether they had first travelled back to Henry's homeland in America, which was their original intention, and had returned to QLD, is uncertain.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In <strong><span style="color: blue;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Courier</i></span></strong> 1 December 1875, <strong>Henry Koch</strong> advertised as a saddle and harness maker at Cooktown.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On 22 September 1876 <strong>Henry Koch</strong> was a candidate for alderman:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 30 Sept 1876 p5.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">COOKTOWN<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sept 29<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Mr Henry Koch</strong> was elected an alderman today by a majority of 27 votes over Mr Menzies.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The revenue for the month up to today amounts to £7848. The export of gold for the same period is 46,701 ozs and for the quarter 125,533 ozs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The weather is hot, and large bush fires are raging.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H. Koch and Co</strong>. was listed in the Cooktown Post Office Directory in 1876. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1875/ 76/ 77, <strong>H. Koch</strong> was listed as a saddler/harness maker, and an alderman in 1877. (<span style="color: blue;">The Courier</span> 1/12/1875)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Herald</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> 7 July 1875 Louis (?) <strong>Koch</strong> was a Police Court witness.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>In the Cook Shire Council Minutes</strong>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>1885:</strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><strong>E. Cock</strong>- Hope Street- Section 19 Lot 19; </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>H. Cock</strong>- Hope Street- Section 19 Lot 17<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Cookshire Council Minutes 30 July 1891<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Land- Leases Application for release by <strong>H. Koch</strong>- Allotments 17 and 19, Sect 19<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>1893 Rates</strong>: Lot 17 owned by W. Northcott; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Lot 19 owned by <strong>S. Tobin (Ellen’s brother</strong>)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In <strong>1896</strong>, Lot 19 was taken over by W.R. Humphreys<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An article in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i> Sat 17 Feb 1877 p6- SMITHFIELD, describes this newly opening area on the Barron River, near the Hodgkinson gold diggings:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After a sojourn of six weeks at the town of Cairns, I took a trip to Smithfield, which town is situate on the north bank of the Barron River, and which I think is sufficiently high to be free from the action of floods during the rainy season.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The town of Cairns, now being built on the bank of Trinity Inlet is but slightly elevated above the ordinary sea level, and a great portion of it must be liable to floods during spring tides, the water marks on the trees bearing sufficient evidence thereof. The soil there is sandy, and totally unsuited for cultivation for several miles adjacent to the township. Some five miles seaward, the Barron river emptied itself into Trinity Inlet. The river is navigable for vessels of light draft up to Smithfield, a distance of ten miles. From this place the packers from the Hodgkinson diggings get their supplies, which are brought thither by boats from Cairns. Toe steamers and a number of smaller boats ply daily between the two townships. What a contrast do the north and south banks of the Barron Rover present! The land on the south side is a sandy waste, where the usual forms of Eucalypti grow. The north bank is a fertile valley, the soil of which in most places is a rich humus, while the valley itself is intersected with belts of forest timber, forming at places jungles as dark and dense as any that I have seen in India. The mountains bounding the valley to the west are covered with forests of the most valuable timber in the world, resulting from the rich deposits of volcanic soil covering the mountains from base to apex. Huge cedars grow thereon, some of which I found fifteen feet in girth, the trunks upwards of forty feet above ground before branching; Kauri pine of enormous dimensions, some twenty feet in girth and fifty feet in height above the ground, the trunks as round and straight as could be wished. Here also were to be seen silky oak, mahogany, and other kinds of hardwood. Fruits of various kinds were abundant. I also found nuts in unlimited quantities. At the top of the mountain range, adjacent to Douglas’ Track, I found gold in the ravines, but not sufficient to pay. I do not doubt, however, but payable gold will be found thereabouts in the alluvial, while the numerous reefs of quartz jutting out of the ground lead one to believe that he is on a goldfield which requires but time and capital to develop. A road has now been made by Mr C. McDonald through the dense scrubs which cover the coastal range. This road enables the packers and miners to get their supplies, and without it great suffering would inevitably have been experienced on the Hodgkinson from the high prices concomitant on the long carriage on goods from Cooktown. On the range north of the Barron is the only place as yet known where a dray road can be made and this ought to be done as soon as possible.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I will next call your attention to the Barron River which is navigable to the foot of the mountains, carrying a large stream of water during the driest season of the year. After entering the gorges, a splendid waterfall exists, and above that a short distance is another. Within a few miles of the sea, over the Valley of the Barron, and the mountain ranges up to a few miles of the diggings, are the richest agricultural lands on the Australian continent, while the water in the river will furnish a cheap motive power of dispensing with the costly steam engine, and can be further utilized in dry seasons or in seasons of drought, in fertile land, mines, timber, and water, are rarely met with in the most favored portions of the world, and must, in the end, be put to the use for which they were designed by a bountiful Providence.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When returning from the mountains, I found the town of Smithfield (what a name!) had progressed a little, some permanent buildings having been erected. The first met with was a frame house over the door of which was a sign “Pioneer Hotel, Old Bill Smith”; there was also an iron building used as a drapery store, and several others, including a store and public house larger than any of the others.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A post office is wanted in Smithfield; at present, one has to go to Cairns and lose from one to two days to post or receive a letter. A mail service is wanted to the Hodgkinson, instead of having to send by way of Cooktown, as the packers and others travelling on foot to the diggings being papers and letters thither in from four to six days less time than those sent by mail via Cooktown. The Government should set about this at once for the convenience of the public, and no doubt some of the storekeepers would act the part of postmaster, and save the </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">price of a post office by using his store instead, as is commonly done elsewhere.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It is sufficient argument in defence of the healthiness of this region, that, having no doctor, we have not as yet felt the need of one; while the undertaker is compelled to give up his business and take to house-building, as no one requires his services in the former capacity.</span></span><br />
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<strong><u><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial";">DEATH OF ELLEN KOCH NEE TOBIN</span></u></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Ellen Koch nee Tobin</strong> <strong>died 6 April 1878 at Smithfield and was buried the day after. She was 43 years of age and died of jungle fever which she contracted 4 days before.</strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">She had not had children by either of her husbands.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><b>Dalby Herald & Western QLD Advertiser Sat 27 April 1878 p2</b></i></span></div>
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><b>and also an obituary in the same paper:</b></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">At the time of <strong>Ellen Tobin's</strong> death, Smithfield was a township in its own right. It was on the banks of the Barron River, which was navigable up to Smithfield. The old cemetery is still there but with only one headstone which is unreadable. It is still gazetted as a Cemetery although no one has been buried there for many years. Cooktown was the registration town for this area of the far north. Cairns births, deaths and marriages were all registered there until about 1886. Nowadays Smithfield is a suburb of Cairns.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cooktown was the major port past Townsville, when the gold rush started on the banks of the Palmer River in 1872, known as the Palmer field. This area is east of Cooktown and approximately 370 km northwest of Cairns. Thousands of fortune hunters, European and Chinese, were lured to this area as news of the gold rush spread throughout the country and as soon as news of the discovery reached the south diggers arrived in Cooktown by the shipload.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Cooktown in 1887</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Cooktown in 1880</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Cooktown today</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: black;">The goldfield, called the Hodgkinson was discovered in 1876. In contrast to the Palmer goldfield which was rich in ‘Alluvial” gold, the Hodgkinson was a “reefing’ filed and had to be dug out with explosives, then loaded onto carts to be taken to a crushing mill to pound the rocks to get out the gold, all of which took time and money</span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="color: black;">. </span><span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">The towns of Cairns, Smithfield and Port</span> <span style="color: black;">Douglas were founded as a result.</span> </span>With a rich hinterland which Hodgkinson gold was to be the key to its opening, Cairns would completely supersede Cooktown as the major port north of Townsville. Cairns soon had its Hodgkinson trade strangled first by Smithfield then by Port Douglas, and with a seemingly impassable mountain barrier at its back, it withered and almost died. <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">Smithfield, named after William Smith who cut a track across the Lamb Range to Trinity Bay</span><span style="color: black;"> (Cairns) was created as a landing place on the Barron River in 1876, but it was prone to flooding and superceded when better overland routes were created.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the 15 February 1877 the first land sale was held in Cairns. Ten days later, the township of Smithfield narrowly escaped destruction from a flooded Barron River. After 24 hours of rain, the river reached within 3 feet of the highest part of the town. After <span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">severe</span> </span>flooding in 1878 and 1879, Smithfield was practically deserted. On March 8<sup>th</sup> 1878 a cyclone threatened to wipe Cairns off the map, but somehow the place survived.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Henry Koch</strong> was to found in many of these areas during the succeeding years- Cooktown, Smithfield, Cairns and Tinaroo.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">He began prospecting at a place called Tinaroo south of Cairns, and the following windfall was reported:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">GOLD!</span></strong></span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">The Capricornian</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 20 Sept 1879 p15<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">From Tinaroo <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Our correspondent reports that twelve persons have been engaged in the gullies prospecting for gold, and that we believe all are doing fairly; that <strong>Mr</strong> <strong>H. Koch</strong> had picked up two nuggets, one weighing six and the other four ounces, at the bottom of a shaft he had constructed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Also reported in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander</i> Sat 27 Sept 1879 p.402)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">NB Tinaroo is about 40 kms SW of Cairns</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Tues 9 Dec 1879 p.2- <strong>Crocodile Attack<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following items are from the <em>Cairns Advertiser</em> of the 29<sup>th</sup> ultimo:-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Mr H. Koch</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> had a very narrow escape from an untimely and cruel death in an encounter with an alligator while fishing at the landing place at Smithfield on Wednesday<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>evening last. It appears that while Mr Koch was so occupied an alligator approached him so near indeed as to have touched his boot, but the bank was too steep for the monster to drag himself up and he slid back into the water to land at another spot, where he faced Mr Koch with a determination to have him of possible. Mr Koch ran behind a log beside a large tree, and it is said the alligator blocked him from getting away, but fortunately, it became entangled amongst some roots and had to draw itself back. During the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">rencontre</i> , which could not have been a short one, Koch was loudly crying for help, and was heard by Messrs Fretwell and Audaer, who were engaged about a quarter of a mile away, and who immediately ran towards the landing place. Upon their arrival the alligator made for the river, roaring loudly. Dogs were sent into the water to induce the animal to return, and it did, and came on shore a second time when a bullet caused it to retreat, but it is unknown whether it was wounded.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">In 1880, Henry was located at the Woolgar goldfield between Georgetown and Hughendon, inland from the Townsville area. He wrote the following assessment of the goldfield to a friend in Cairns which was reproduced in '<i><b>The Queenslander'</b></i> Sat 17 July 1880- <i>The Miner</i>:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><i>The Townsville Daily Bulletin</i></b>, Thurs 29 December 1932 p9, reproduced a detailed article <i>"The Woolgar Goldfield- A History Traced. A Report submitted to the Queensland Department of Mines in 1895"</i>, part of which said:</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Situation</b>.- The Woolgar goldfield is situate
about 150 miles south of Georgetown, the chief centre of the Etheridge goldfield,
and about 180 miles west of north from Hughenden, the present terminus of the
Northern railway from the port of Townsville. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Area.</b>- The area of this goldfield is
about 752 square miles, occupying that portion of the Woolgar River water-shed
tram Merton Ponds upwards to the southern edge of the great desert tableland
bordering the Etheridge goldfield, a distance across the top of some 20 miles. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Name.</b>- The name 'Woolgar' is, I
believe, derived from the peculiar notes of a bird of the magpie species
inhabiting the plateau at this table-land. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Access</b> .-The great extent of the Etheridge and the remoteness of the
Woolgar, being at its extreme southern boundary on the other side of the
Barrier Range, and the ruggedness of the route prevent any considerable traffic
between the two goldfields. </span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Alluvial</b>.-The early years of this goldfield were devoted solely to alluvial
gold digging, the precious metal being fairly plentiful in the principal
gullies emanating from the tablelands, in some localities of an extremely fine nature,
in others very coarse lumps up to 20 and 30ozs. specks. The richest of these
gullies had been worked over and over again, and are still being worked.</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Warden reports</b>:—"Many miners left the Woolgar for Kimerley and
Croydon at the first intimation that gold was found at those places. Some of
them are doing well at both places." </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The above few extracts clearly explain the reason for the decadence of
this goldfield, for before the railway reached Hughenden the mining population
and principal milling machinery, such as it was, had completely vacated Woolgar for more promising new goldfields. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There are various reports of different men named Henry Koch living i</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-style: italic;">n Queensland ( at Clermont, and Toowoomba in the newspapers), so it is difficult working out where Henry Koch was living following Ellen's death.</span></span></strong></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: red;">As it appears that Henry Koch possibly married again in 1880 in Sydney, it is not certain if the following newspaper accounts apply to him:</span></strong></span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></strong></span></i></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Cairns Post</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 11 June 1887 p.3- <em>Cairns Echoes<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Henry Koch</strong> tendered for some Divisional Board work. At the first blush we were in a fever- we thought it was our noted Dr. Koch reduced to this. (Famous and beloved doctor in Cairns at the time)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Cairns Post</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 9 July 1887 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Divisional Board Meeting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Henry Koch</strong> applied for £33 in part payment of his work on Norris’ selection, also for two weeks extension. Granted on the motion of Mr Fuller, seconded by Mr Thomas<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u>DEATH OF HENRY KOCH</u></b></span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">No appropriate death record has been found for Henry Koch in the Queensland BDM Register. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It is possible that Henry Koch died somewhere in Queensland, possibly in a mining accident and his death was unregistered, or he may have returned to America at an earlier time.</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A possible death record has been found for a Henry C. Koch in Sydney- 27 August 1914. Although some of details are pertinent, other details don't match with our Henry Koch.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following notices relate to the Henry C. Koch who married Ann Gahan in Sydney in 1880.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Catholic Press, Thurs 24 Sept 1914 p30</b></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sydney Morning Herald, Wed 2 Sept 1914 p10</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Sydney Morning Herald, Fri 28 August p5</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Catholic Press, Sydney, Thurs 26 August 1915 p28</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(<b><u><span style="color: blue;">NSW death record</span></u></b>- 10926/1914). Henry Koch's death record has the following information:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Name: <b>Henry Christopher Koch</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Date of Death: <b>27 Aug 1914</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Place: 18 Westbourne Street, Petersham</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Occupation: <b>Independent</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Age: <b>83 (b.1831)- burial record has birth: 27 August 1831</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Place of Birth: <b>St Louis, USA</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Time in Aust Colonies: 62 years- 15 yrs QLD, 47 yrs NSW (?)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Father: <b>Henry Christopher Koch</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Occupation: <b>Miller</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Marriage 1- <b>unknown</b>; no issue</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Marriage 2- <b>Annie Gahan,</b> place: Sydney; age of groom 49 (m.1880); no issue</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Informant: Thos Loseby, Nephew, 54 Norton St, Leichhardt.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cause of Death: Haemorrhage into spinal cord, cerebral effusion</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Place of Burial: Roman Catholic Cemetery Rookwood, Catholic Mortuary 2 & 3- Plot: Section E, Row 13, No 1325</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Marriage record of 2nd marriage:</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">1435/<b>1880</b>- Groom: <b>Koch, Christopher Ho</b>; Bride: <b>Gahan, Ann</b>, District: <b>Sydney</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The information was supplied by Henry's 'nephew Thos Loseby', so his knowledge of Henry's early life may have been scant, but, this Henry Koch was described as 'late of Queensland' and had remarried, and was a Catholic from America. He was 83 years of age, viz b.1831 so was an appropriate age for Ellen. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">At the time of his death he was living at 18 Westbourne Street, Petersham, just south of the Parramatta Road (for what period of time is not recorded). The record also says he had lived in Queensland for only 15 years, and in NSW for 47 years, so, unless this was a clerical error, or mistaken reporting by Loseby, the record would appear not to match our Henry Koch. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Also, the reproduced letter from Koch to a friend in Cairns, appeared in <i>'The Queenslander'</i> in mid 1880, although the original date of the letter is not revealed. However, if received close to publication, then it would appear to negate a marriage in 1880 in Sydney, unless Henry struck it rich on the goldfield, and quickly retired to Sydney.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The 1913 Electoral Roll has Henry Koch and wife Annie living in Westbourne Street Petersham, with his occupation listed as "retired".</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Death of wife Annie Koch in 1919.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A shipping record in the '<i>Sydney Morning Herald',</i> Sat 2 May 1914 p24, just four months before the death of Henry Christopher Koch, has the following:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>PASSENGERS BY THE VENTURA</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>List of passengers sailing by the steamer Ventura for San Francisco via Pago Pago and Honolulu from No 4 Wharf Darling Harbour:</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Mr and Mrs Henry Koch.</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Ellen Koch's properties</u></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Unusually for a woman living in that era, a number of properties in Dalby, Cooktown and Smithfield were purchased in Ellen's name only. Whether the reason for that was because Koch was not a British citizen is not known.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For some reason Koch could not claim the properties held in Ellen’s name as her heir. Her brother Stephen Tobin claimed all four properties as her ‘Heir-in-law’, the reason for which is not understood.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Stephen Tobin in a deposition, dated 1894, attached to his claim, stated:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>The document hereunto annexed is an affidavit signed and made by Henry Koch the husband of the said Ellen Koch. <b>When the said Henry Koch discovered that he was not the heir at law of his deceased wife (the said Ellen Koch) he caused the said document to be given to me. </b>I claim that the Estate or Interest of the said Ellen Koch deceased has become transmitted to me as the eldest brother and heir at law of the said Ellen Koch deceased in consequence of the death of the said Ellen Koch Intestate and without issue.</em></span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: "arial";">(QLD State Archives, N11667, dated 15/2/94- In the Matter of Deeds of Grant No. 34143, Vol. 306, Folio 153; and No. 30516, v.266, f.26; and No. 33453 v.297 f.214)</span></em></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">One of these properties was at Dalby. The piece of property was Allot 11 of Sec 66 Town of Dalby, Vol 13 Fol 198. This was acquired by Stephen in April 1895. It was transferred to Edward Michael O'Keeffe in August 1895, presumably sold.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There was another lot in the town of Cooktown. Allotment 19 Section 19, which also appears to have been sold. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The other two properties, both in Smithfield, Allotment 6 Section 3 and Allotment 14 Section 2, were transferred under Local Authority Act possibly for non-payment of rates- one in 1924 and the other in 1932. Both of these were after Stephen's death which was in 1904. Stephen left no will, so maybe the family didn't know of their existence and as such they were reclaimed by the Lands Department.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Brisbane Courier 26 Feb 1894 p.8</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Telegraph</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">(Brisbane), Mon 18 March 1895 p8:</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">NOTICE is
hereby given that I intend, on or after the 6th day of April, 1895, in conformity
with the provisions of the 95th section of the Real Property Act of 1861, to
dispense with the production of Deed of Grant No 5433, in the<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>name of Ellen Koch</b>, for<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>allotment 11 of section 66, town of
Dalby,</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>and more particularly
described in Register Book volume 13, folio 198, and will then permit a<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Transmission by Death</b>, No
285271,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>in favour of Stephen
Tobin</b>, of all the land aforesaid, to be entered upon the duplicate of the
said Deed of Grant in the Register Book, volume and folio aforesaid, which
entry will complete the registration of the said Transmission by death; the aid
original Deed of Grant having been either destroyed, lost or mislaid.</span></i><o:p></o:p></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">J.O.
Bourne, Registrar of Titles</span></i><o:p></o:p></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Registrar
of Titles' Office</span></i><o:p></o:p></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Brisbane
March 16, 1895</span></i><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>The following article, in 1903, concerns the Koch's Dalby property:</strong></span> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Queensland Figaro</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Thurs 12 Nov. 1903 p.21 </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Registrar of Titles’ Office Brisbane 7<sup>th</sup> Nov 1903<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Notice is hereby given that I intend on or after the Twenty-eight day of November 1903, in conformity with the provisions of the 95<sup>th</sup> section of the ‘Real Property Act of 1861’, to dispense with the production of duplicate Bill of Mortgage No. 7920, from Susan King to <strong>Henry Koch</strong>, over subdivision 3 of part of allotment 1 of section 46, town of Dalby, being part of the land described in Certificate of Title No 2287, volume 23, folio 55, for the purpose of registering Transfer No. 393203 of the said land made by <strong>Henry Koch in favour of Ellen Agnes Sweeney;</strong> the said duplicate having been lost, mislaid, or destroyed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">J.O. Bourne Registrar of Titles<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An Ellen Agnes O'Neill (b.1880/81) married Hugh Michael Sweeney in 1898 in QLD. Hugh raced horses in the 1880's and was running a pub in Dalby, the Golden Fleece Hotel in the early 1900's. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">© B. A. Butler</span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">email contact: <span style="color: red;">butler1802 @hotmail.com</span> (no spaces)</span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span><br />
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<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Refs: Family History South Australia website by Barry Leadbeater</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.familyhistorysa.info/">http://www.familyhistorysa.info/</a></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">South Australian Emigrant Sources- 2,4, 6,7, 20, 30:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">2. <span lang="EN">Register of Emigrant Labourers Applying for a Free Passage to South Australia 1836-41</span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, PRO CO 386/149-151<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">4. South Australian Birth Registration Certificates Index 1842-1928, </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Genealogy SA, 2012<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">6.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> <span lang="EN">Newspapers - shipping intelligence, imports, obituaries, etc<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">7. <span lang="EN">Biographical Index of South Australians 1836-1885</span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;">, SAGHS, 1986<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">20. South Australian Marriage Registration Certificates Index 1842-1937, </span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Genealogy SA, 2012<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">30. Official passenger lists mainly of immigrants arriving in SA under UK assisted passage 1845-86, SAA, GRG35/48A (A313)</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Robert Longhurst, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Nerang Shire: A History to 1949</i>, Albert Shire Council 1994, p.62<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comDalby QLD , Australia-27.1832863 151.2637479-27.4093703 150.9410244 -26.9572023 151.5864714tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-22574521357284196262013-03-15T00:20:00.001-07:002022-04-02T17:42:21.654-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:8- Bushrangers in the family<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<u1:p></u1:p><div><br /></div>(It should be noted that the following stories are biased as they are taken from newspaper reports and police records. We do not know the defence arguments of the people involved.)<br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As mentioned in the previous chapter, Timothy and Catherine Guinea's daughter Ellen married Thomas James Berry who lived in the Braidwood district of NSW. The Guinea's son John Cornelius Guinea would also marry into the Berry family, marrying Ellen Berry in 1872. Thomas Berry was an enormous young man, 6ft 5in tall. The Guinea family, who moved to the Braidwood district in 1861, would unfortunately get caught up in the illegal actions of Thomas Berry's cousins, the Clarkes and the O'Connells (als Connell), notorious in the area for bushranging. Daniel Guinea in particular would become a suspect in a gruesome murder of four constables, for which he was arrested and, after questioning, was released without charge. The Braidwood area was infamous for cattle theft and highway robbery.</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas Berry (Jnr) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>was the first cousin of the notorious outlaws the Clarke brothers (Thomas and John) of Braidwood who were captured at Thomas and Ellen’s hut at Jinden on 27 April 1867- Thomas Berry and his new wife had moved there following their wedding, two months prior to the dramatic shootout and arrest. The hut belonged to Ellen's half-brother, Daniel Guinea. Whether he was also living at the hut at the same time is uncertain. Thomas and Ellen were looking after Ellen’s younger siblings, 5 yr old Mary Ann, 7 yr old Elizabeth and 11 yr old Denis, at the time of the capture. The farm of Timothy and Catherine Guinea was on the opposite bank of Jinden Creek near Jinden Station.</span></span><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Plan of Daniel Guinea's hut as described in the Court Case, measuring 20 x 28 feet (8.5m x 6m). Described as having 4 rooms, 2 fireplaces, stringy bark roof, sides of vertical hardwood slabs, small verandah at front, no rear door, front fence with slip rails separating from a large cultivation paddock, stockyards at rear, facing Jinden Creek in view of her parents' home on the opposite bank.</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As previously mentioned, Thomas James Berry was the son of Thomas Berry and Bridget O’Connell. Thomas Berry, a Protestant English labourer, was sentenced to 14 years in Warwick, England, on 14 March 1837 for breaking into a shop, and transported on the 'Asia', arriving in December 1837. Assigned to Major Errington at Mount Errington, he married the Catholic Bridget Connell (aged about 22) on 25 August 1841 by an Anglican minister and they would have seven children including three sons, Thomas, John and James. By 1855, they were living at Jerrabattgulla, and in 1859 he bought 42 acres on Jerrabattgulla Creek. His neighbour Thomas Hart was not impressed by the Berrys and was continually accusing Thomas Berry of cattle theft and wife Bridget of illicit distilling. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Bridget and Mary O’Connell were the sisters of Michael Nowlan O’Connell who owned a public house at Stoney Creek, and three other brothers all involved in bushranging, named Thomas, Patrick and John O’Connell als Connell. The Clarke brothers were the sons of John Clarke and Mary Connell.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>photo and charge sheet of Michael N O'Connell, 1872</b></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">gaol photo of John Connell Oct 1873</span></b></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">description: 6'1", 185 lbs, eye disfigured</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The O’Connell (als Connell) family, Michael O’Connell Snr and wife Margaret Nowlan and their ten children from Loughill, Co. Limerick, Ireland arrived in the colony on the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aliquis</i>’ in 1839 as free settlers, and settled in the Braidwood area.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Illustrated Sydney News</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Tues 16 April 1867 p1: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“THE OUTLAWED BUSHRANGERS AND FRIENDS<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Herald</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> gives the following particulars respecting the Clarkes and Connells, whose deeds of violence and robbery have made them the terror of the Southern districts, which will be read with interest: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Clarke</b>, the father of the outlawed bushranger, a twice convicted felon, and was engaged in the respectable occupation of flogging convicts at Moreton Bay before he came to settle in the Jingera district. He married a woman named Connell, who had four brothers. One of them, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Michael (Nowlan) Connell</b>, is now under committal for trial for harbouring bushrangers, and for being accessory to the murder of Carroll and party. (viz. the Jinden murders) Another, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Connell</b> is now serving a sentence of ten years in Darlinghurst gaol for mail robbery, having previously served a sentence of five years for highway robbery. The wife of this man Is in Darlinghurst gaol under sentence for receiving stolen property. The third, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Patrick Connell</b>, a bushranger, was shot dead by the police; and the fourth <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Thomas Connell</b>, has just had a sentence of death passed on him at the recent sitting of the Central Court, for taking part in a highway robbery and wounding, but commuted by the Executive Council into imprisonment for life without hope of remission. With regard to the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">three sons of John Clarke, Tommy</b> is now an outlaw, and his brother <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John </b>forms one of his gang, and will also, we hear, be shortly outlawed. The remaining male member of the family <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">James Clarke</b>, is now serving a sentence of ten years on the roads for highway robbery. Old <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Clarke</b>, the father, died, as everybody knows, in Goulburn Gaol while under committal for the murder of Billy Noonang, an aboriginal.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">One can only surmise that the Guineas became involved with these infamous families due to their common Irish heritage, particularly the Connells from Co. Limerick, and a general distrust of authority and lack of respect for the police and the Law, and the close proximity of their farms.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Infamous Outlaws- the Clarke Brothers<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas and John Clarke, born 1840 and 1846 respectively at Braidwood NSW were the sons of convict John Clarke, a shoemaker who arrived in Sydney in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Morley</i> for a 7 yr sentence, for pig stealing in Co Down, Ireland. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After his assignment to a pastoralist, he rented a block at Mt Elrington, became a free settler in the Braidwood area in the 1860’s and appears to have lived by stealing cattle and horses. In 1866 he died in Goulburn Gaol, aged 71, awaiting charges of killing an aboriginal, Billy Noonang. He was married in 1839 at Goulburn to Mary O’Connell an Irish immigrant and they had three sons, Tommy, Johnny and James, and eight daughters who grew up without schooling in this isolated area, where the sons were involved in cattle stealing. Johnny spent a year in gaol in 1864 for horse stealing and in Jan 1865 their brother James was sentenced to 7 years for receiving the proceeds of a mail robbery conducted by the infamous Ben Hall and Johnny Gilbert. In 1865 Tommy was in Braidwood Gaol while awaiting trial for assault and robbery when he escaped by jumping over the gaol wall and jumping on a horse that was waiting for him. During the following year Tommy was accused of horse stealing, eight robberies including two mails and post offices, the wounding of John Emmett and the murder of constable Miles O’Grady at Nerrigundah on 9 April 1866. He was proclaimed an outlaw in May under the Felons Apprehension Act.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In May Tommy was joined by his brother Johnny and “no more remarkable confederacy of robbery, violence and murder has ever been known to exist in any civilized community”. Special police were sent to the Braidwood district in April 1866 but were unsuccessful. In September the Colonial Sec. Henry Parkes appointed John Carroll a senior warder at Darlinghurst Gaol and three others to capture the Clarkes. Carroll resorted to bribery and arrested Clarke’s two sisters, other relations and friends on charges of harbouring. He was accused of “using the sisters somewhat roughly”. In January 1867 Carroll and his party were given information that the outlaws were at Daniel Guinea’s Hut. Having found the information false, they made their way back to Jinden but were found murdered not far from Daniel Guinea’s hut. The crime was credited to the Clarkes and a reward of £5000 for their capture or £1000 each, with lesser amounts for information. An uncle Michael O’Connell, cousin James Griffin, and Daniel Guinea were arrested and charged with aiding The Clarkes in the murder. </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Police Gazette NSW -16 January 1867</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A special commission was sent to Braidwood to inquire into the murders and local police corruption. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following is the deposition made by Daniel Guinea on the 11 January 1867:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>This deponent, Daniel Guinea, on oath, as follows:</i></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>I am a free settler and reside at Jinden Creek. I have seen the dead bodies of the four men in Jinden today; I have seen three of the four men alive in Braidwood about three weeks ago; I only knew one by name- Mr Carroll; these men were known about this neighbourhood as 'detectives'; I have never seen any of these men since the time I mentioned in Braidwood until I saw them dead at Jinden today. If these men were about my place the last two or three days I never saw them; I know the outlaw Thomas Clarke personally; I have not seen him during the last week, I saw him about Christmas last; I saw him on the road to Stony Creek and my hut; his brother John Clarke was with him when I saw him; a man named Bill Scott was working for me before Christmas time; I paid him his wages, and sent him away; I never saw Bill Scott with Tommy Clarke or John Clarke; I don't recall saying that if Carroll and his detective police came up this way they would be shot; I know the spot where Carroll and his party were killed; it is about two miles from my hut; I was at home all Wednesday evening last; Carroll and his party could not have been at my hut without my knowing it; I heard galloping near my place, on the flat, on Wednesday night, I saw no one.</i></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Daniel Guinea</i></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Governor of Braidwood Gaol deposed on the 13th January that he had heard Edward Smith tell Carroll that <i>Mick Connell had purchased a quantity of ammunition at a house in George Street Sydney and that it was then planted in a garden of a man named Daniel Guinea</i>.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">After about five hours of questioning at their committal, Daniel Guinea’s charges were dropped and the others were released on bail by local magistrates which led to an official inquiry. At their trial, O’Connell and Griffin were found not guilty, but in new charges laid in September, Griffin was found guilty of killing one of the party and sentenced to hang, although this was commuted to life imprisonment without remission. On 22 February 1867 Tommy Clarke held up a mail coach in which John Dunmore Lang was a passenger, but he was not molested. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Clarke Gang sticking up the Goulburn Mail- </b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>"Illustrated Australian News" 28 March 1867</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In March 1867, Henry Parkes sent a force of experienced police to Braidwood led by an aboriginal tracker known as ‘Sir Watkin’. On the night of 27 April, the party tracked them to one of their known haunts, the Berry’s hut/Daniel Guinea's hut near Timothy Guinea’s hut, both of which were near Jinden about 32 km from Ballalaba or 50 miles from Braidwood. The newly wed Thomas Berry Jnr and his wife Ellen Guinea were living in the hut at the time. The party arriving at the hut at about midnight, having found the bushranger’s horses near the slip-rails, watched the hut until daylight when they saw the Clarke Brothers coming from the hut, each having a bridle in their hands whereupon the leader, Sub Inspector Wright, jumped from behind a stump and called upon them to stand. “They ran back about ten yards and made a halt and drew out their revolvers. The police then fired on them as they retreated in the direction of the hut. They were then both returning fire. They saw a man and a woman and two or three children come out of the hut when the firing first began as if they were frightened at it. They were Thomas Berry Junior and his wife. (The children were Ellen’s younger siblings.) </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>'Capture of the Clarkes' by George Lacy</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Courtesy of State Library NSW, V*/Bushr/3</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">When the Clarkes got into the hut they commenced firing through the windows, through the holes in the slabs and through a square porthole at the side of the hut, and after a few minutes Constable Walsh was hit in the thigh and the black tracker got wounded in the wrist by a shot fired out of the hut, the bullet smashed his wrist and ran up through the arm. Thomas Clarke fired two shots from the verandah and retreated back into the hut. The firing was kept up for about five hours until six other police arrived. Constable Walsh galloped up and said “Tommy you’d better surrender, or we will storm the house over you”. Thomas Clarke said “I will give myself up, do not fire”. Thomas then came out of the door of the hut; he called his brother and held up his hands; the other brother, John, came out at the door and we took them. Thomas said “Yes Walsh, I give myself up to you- if you had been here I would have surrendered long before, I called your name several times”. Walsh had not heard him call his name before he was sent for reinforcements. We saw that John Clarke was wounded when he came out. When they held up their hands I ran towards then; they both asked me on giving themselves up, to shake hands with them; they said “Will you shake hands with us?” I did so; they said that they hoped we would forgive them- that they were doing their best to get away, whilst we were doing our best to take them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were arrested and on searching the hut, two revolving rifles, two revolvers and two double-barrelled guns, a single barrelled gun and a single barreled pistol were found. There was no back door to the hut, only two windows. The Sub Inspector admitted that the Clarkes may not have heard him say “We are the Police.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Constable William Walsh, a mounted constable stationed near Jinden had known the Clarkes for about four years. According to his account, Walsh fired upon Thomas who was between the slip-rail and the hut. Thomas returned fire and the bullet rebounded off the ground and struck him on the thigh inflicting a flesh wound. (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Mercury</i> [Hobart] Tues 21 May 1867 p3)<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Clarkes' surrender- "Illustrated Sydney News, May 1867</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Argus</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> (Thurs 23 May 1867 p3)- ‘THE CAPTURE OF THE CLARKES’ reported:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">From an early hour on Sunday many were anxiously looking for the culprits to enter the town; some more anxious than others took to their horses, and galloped out to meet the escort in charge of the two men who had put the district in such dread for a length of time. The excitement was intense when the police were seen coming into town. Johnny Clarke appeared care-worn and extremely pale, possibly from the fact of losing a great deal of blood from the gunshot wound in his left shoulder. Tommy, on the contrary, appeared to consider the number who were waiting to get a glimpse of him was a mark of respect to him, and treated it as a hero would on a triumphal march into a city after some great exploit of valour. He recognized one or two of his former associates by an inclination of the head. When he had reached as far as the Joint-Stock Bank, a woman, who was standing opposite, threw up her hands and set up a most hideous yell, whether it was in exultation at the capture of these men or execration of the police for having so successfully captured the miscreants it was more than anyone could tell, nor possibly could the woman, for she had been imbibing of the rosy goddess; but the circumstance highly pleased Tommy Clarke who laughed at the eccentricities of the woman. On their being taken to the gaol they were securely ironed. A person of the name of Berry who was found in the hut after the Clarkes surrendered was taken into custody and brought into town with them. After the surrender Tommy was very communicative, and spoke of the many hair-breadth escapes he had had with particular gusto; and this man’s mind and feelings are so deadened that he looked upon the awful position he had been, and was then in, as a piece of by-play. Johnny on the contrary, was extremely morose, and it was with some difficulty that he would allow the doctor to dress his wound which is a very bad one, the shot having taken a piece of his shirt into the orifice. The ball had passed right through the top of his left arm. The aboriginal tracker is a brave fellow and bears the pain like a brave soldier. After Tommy Clarke was handcuffed, Sir Watkin went up to him and said “Tommy, you shot me cowardly”. “No,” said Clarke, “I merely shot you in defence; you wanted to take my life.” “Well,” said Watkin, “I forgive you; shake hands.” Tommy raised his manacled hands which Sir Watkin heartily clenched and shook cordially. Another report said after Sir Watkin had indignantly charged Tommy with shooting him, Tommy replied that the kindness had been reciprocated by his distinguished friend, who had made a target o that part of his person known as the seat of honour. The amputation of Watkins was performed very speedily, and did not lst more than a few seconds, and the patient, with that stoical indifference to bodily pain for which the aborigines, equally with the red Indians of America, are celebrated, walked from his ward upstairs down to the dissecting-room below, and after the operation unconcernedly walked back again, as if he had merely had a finger punctured. The old fellow, who has seen fifty-one summers, is not inclined to bear his honours meekly, and looks every inch a hero, now that he has been promoted to the rank of “sergeant-major” which he will have it the two stripes which the superintendent has placed upon his arm signify.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Mon 24 June 1867 p4 wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">PERSONAL APPEARANCE OF THOMAS AND JOHN CLARKE.<br />Amongst those who, from the nature of their special duty or official position, were called upon to be present at the opening of the magisterial Court held in Darlinghurst Jail yesterday, great curiosity was felt as to the personal appearance of the two Jinden bushrangers Thomas and John Clarke (at their trial)- both so deeply stained in crime, the first of them being actually a proclaimed outlaw. When the two unhappy criminals were brought into the common room of the debtor’s prison (turned temporarily into a police court), notwithstanding all that had been heard by many as to the appearance of the Clarkes, the first feeling seemed to be one of intense surprise. No one, judging either from the comely, but rather stupid, face of Thomas Clarke, or from the less agreeable but far from ill-favoured features of his brother John, could ever suppose that they were, indeed, the persons whose many daring misdeeds have so long disgraced the colony- Thomas Clarke especially, who looks as if he were the younger of the two. Thomas Clarke is a rather short, broad shouldered, strongly-built young man with light brown hair and a curly beard. His face is broad; the nose being straight and well formed; the mouth full, but far from sensual or ferocious in its expression. The other features are more of less pleasing. His eyes however, (of a dull blue or grey) fail to convey any idea of intelligence or mental energy, and their vacuity (added, perhaps, to the light hair and full quiet face) gives the man that sheepish air which has already been truthfully noticed. He looked more like a well-to-do West of England peasant who had got into trouble poaching, than a bloodthirsty murderer, whose name had been filling a large district with disgust and terror. As regards costume, he was dressed something like a livery stable groom- wearing a twisted, light coloured neckerchief tightly fitting well made small clothes of a good fabric and a faded dark green velveteen ___ coat. The lower portion of the outlaw’s costume terminated in shabby half-boots with coarse grey socks, drawn-in an odd and slovenly style- over the lower ends of his small clothes above the boots. Heavy___ as the man seemed, there was yet, an intent physical power in him of which it was almost impossible to be wholly unconscious. The only sign of anxiety that he betrayed was the slightly convulsive grasp with which he held the forefinger of his rigid hand, as he sat facing the magistrate at the bottom of the room.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The man John Clarke is taller and darker that the outlaw; obviously pale from the effects of his recent wound; more intelligent and menacing in his looks than his notorious brother, but far less self-possessed. John Clarke at the court yesterday, was dressed in the same style as his brother- his clothes being perhaps of less expensive materials. It was remarked by the reporters of the Daily press that Thomas Clarke (or Tommy, as he is rather offensively called) nodded familiarly to Constable Walsh as he entered the Court to give his evidence- a salutation which the constable good-humouredly returned, unmindful of the leaden missives (?) which he had once received from his now humbled opponent. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those who have a kind of faith in dreams the following incident in this affair may possibly strengthen their belief. On Friday evening, when Tommy and Johnny Clarke made for Guinea’s hut, in which resided Thomas Berry Junior and his wife, they shortly after their arrival laid themselves down to sleep, and soon were wrapped in the arms of Morpheus. About daylight on Saturday morning, Tommy awoke first, calling Johnny, and saying “Johnny, I’ve had a dream that Byrnes (a senior-sergeant stationed at Ballalaba) had trapped us”. Johnny exclaimed, “All nonsense”. “Well,” said Tommy, “this day will tell something.” This was related by Tommy Clarke while Dr Pattison was dressing the wound of Johnny. Guinea’s hut, as it is called, where this affray took place, is about two miles distant from the spot where Carroll and his party were barbarously murdered, a circumstance which is now fresh in the recollection of every person. In the hut, the police found a quantity of ammunition and a breech-loading rifle, supposed to belong to Carroll<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">At their trial in Sydney on 28 May, the brothers were charged with wounding Constable William Walsh and an aboriginal tracker with intent to murder. They were found guilty and sentenced to be executed. During his address, Sir Alfred Stephen listed their record, exclusive of seven suspected murders including that of Constable O'Grady, as:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Thomas</strong>: 9 mail robberies, 36 robberies of individuals of all classes in two years.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>John</strong>: 26 crimes in one year.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Tommy and Johnny Clarke at Braidwood Gaol, shortly before their execution in 1867</span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">(SLNSW Dl Pd788)</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></o:p></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas Berry was arrested at the same time and charge with harbouring the outlaws. However, this appears to have been a tactic to allay suspicion that Berry had informed on them, for his own protection. There is no evidence of his trial for harbouring or a jail sentence, and the Berrys had children born in 1868 and 1869. In June 1869, Thomas was fined £50 which was paid, for having stolen beef in his possession.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">However, Thomas Berry did spend five years in Berrima and Darlinghurst Gaols for cattle stealing. The State Records NSW Index to Deposition Registers has Thomas Berry committed for trial at Braidwood on 9 July 1874 for the offense of cattle stealing, for which he was sentenced in August 1874 to five years hard labour on the roads.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> His sentence was remitted in September 1878.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Berrima prison records are of interest- Berry’s papers are marked- ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">This prisoner is the first cousin of the Clarke brothers and was giving information on the Clarkes”.</i></b> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas also claimed the reward money for the capture of his cousins. After his release he and his wife left the district, fearing retribution. They settled in the Warren area about 100 kms NW of Dubbo. While he was in gaol, his wife Ellen gave birth to a child named Lily Catherine Guinea in 1878, which Thomas, to his credit, always treated as his own.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Thomas Berry's Gaol Entry Record</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A weekly series of articles on the police efforts to capture the Clarkes and Connells, written by one of the local constables, featured in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">‘Queanbeyan Age’</i>, between 23 November 1867 and 11 January 1868. The articles were very revealing. Several times he alluded to a local informer who was supplying information to the police on the whereabouts of the outlaws.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The author of the articles wrote (Sat 28 Dec 1867):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“Carroll (the leader of the four constables) commenced operations in earnest. He began with the harbourers. He took Mick Connell, and then he took James and Pat Griffin. Carroll was right here, for they were all guilty of harbouring, aiding, abetting and all that, but he was wrong when he arrested young …….. This young man would have been Carroll’s safety, if he had exercised prudence; but he took him at the instigation of Lucy Hurley (mistress of Tom Connell), who had a terrible spite against the young man’s mother, who had a great grudge against me until she saw my intimacy with her son was for a good purpose. So when we met Carroll at the hut we refused to aid him by going to Guinea’s for reasons before stated. Young ……. was kept in gaol for some time, but Carroll could get no evidence against him, so he was liberated. This made …….<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>work harder- not for Carroll- but for the “regulars” to get the boys captured.” <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It would appear that he was referring either to young Thomas Berry or Daniel Guinea (who was arrested for the Jinden murders then released without charge.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The author continued:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“There are a few matters preceding the murders, but how those murders were planned, where, and by whom; and how and by whom the murders were perpetrated, will require more careful consideration, for it will not do to mention at least one name in whose behalf high official influence may have been used to save him from a felon’s doom.”</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">To whom was he referring? Thomas Berry?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On January 11, 1868, the author wrote about the capture of the Clarke brothers:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“I told Sergeant B that I wanted to go up the gully to work a little game. He wanted to know my author, but I refused to betray him, because I knew if I mentioned his name in the barracks, the Clarkes would have it soon afterwards, and my friend would share the fate of the Big Tailor (a bushranging associate possibly killed by the Clarkes because of suspicion). I told him it was a man I could depend on, and that I knew it was right. Although I spoke the truth, I well knew it was the very thing to stop me from getting there, and so it did. B, said the horses were too tired to go out, and he would spell them till he got some good information. I could see it was decided against me, and I walked out of the barracks sick at heart. After all my labours, after waiting patiently for that ne attack for that beat all the chances, when it was known they were in ……….’s hut, sleeping out at night and to be out of it when the information came, was to ne a most grievous disappointment. The only comfort I had was to learn that my friend had gone to Egan and thus Wright’s party acted with promptitude , while ours treated the matter with indifference. I told my native friends top make up the gully toward …….’s and they would have a chance.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The following day Constable Walsh rode in at the gallop to inform them that the Clarkes were holed up in Berry’s hut and that their help was needed. The author described their frantic ride through the bush for 24 miles to join Wright’s party:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“We came straight as a line to Guinea’s hut. We were in sight of the other hut, but could not see a soul moving about. We asked the Guineas if the Clarkes were in the hut and they told us they were. So we galloped across the flat and into the river head-first. As we were galloping towards the hut, Wright’s party saw us and waved their hats madly, etc”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Sentence of Death<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">“Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">” Sat 1 June 1867 p6:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Chief Justice who passed sentence on Tommy and Johnny Clarke eloquently articulated thoughts on the life of crime led by these two young men that are relevant to criminals today:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">“You are not to receive punishment as a retribution, but because the taking of your lives is believed to be necessary for the peace and good order, for the safety as well as the welfare of the community, because of the example and warning that a capital execution may hold out to others, by acting as a terror and restraint from the committal of similar crimes of which you are now convicted. This is the principle, the true principle, of all human punishment…..<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(The Chief Justice then listed their crimes, apart from murders.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This is the result of a long career of bushranging. You have had many abettors- both must have had many abettors in the district from which you come; and I have no doubt there are others, blind as they are, who have sympathised with your crimes generally. I shall not waste words in respect of such crimes imputed to you. The community is disgraced by the committal of such crimes. I would ask others- and this I recommend you to reflect upon before you die- what is the result, what the value of this course of wickedness, violence, and outrage which you have been pursuing for so long? In all the cases which have come before me it has been a question- Where is the money they have gained? What is the benefit of it? You have not now a shilling in the world after all your robberies. You have not, therefore, profited by your career of crime. I have not heard of anyone being a gainer by such a lawless course except one (Gardiner) who is now serving 32 years’ penal servitude. A criminal career must end sooner or later. How many lives are taken? How much misery inflicted?- and all this for no earthly good accruing to one of you. All is to end ignominiously! You, young men, might have pursued to different career. You might have been the fathers of respectable families, happy- for happiness is to be found in the circle of home, made home by honest industry. Instead of that, you are to die a dishonoured death in your young days, on the gallows. There is another consideration. You must have expected that, after you had taken to firearms and robbery, the result must have been death. It is shocking to think of; Infamous that you should continue such a career. Those who pursue this course must not only reflect that there is a public shame hanging over them, but that they gain nothing by their robberies. You must have been constantly in terror- always in a state of alarm lest the police tracked you out. And the hard life you must lead. I am not willing to embitter your feelings; but what I am now saying may not be heard by this crowded court but I have a hope that others ears may hear me and be prevented from entering on a career similar to yours. I say men like you must be in constant fear of the police entering your dwellings when you have one; and hence you wander about like wold beasts and undergo an amount of fatigue and privation more sever than that imposed on any labourer, and which, if directed to its proper channel, would bring you peace of mind, would more than furnish you with the comforts of this life. Take this into consideration, and you will admit that the balance must be against you. Tell me, where is the man you have ever heard of, who, by a course of bushranging has gained a shilling’s worth of property he can call his own. If liberated to-morrow, where are their gains? I will read you a lost of bushrangers who have appeared during the last four years and a half, all of whom have been either shot dead, or hanged, or imprisoned for life- a list almost of demons. There was Feisley- he was executed. Davis, sentenced to death, but commuted to fifteen years. Gardiner, sentenced to 32 years. Gilbert, shot dead. Ben Hall, shot dead. Bow and Fordyce, sentenced to death, commuted to imprisonment for life. Manns executed. Vane, ten years. O’Mearly shot dead. Burke shot dead. Gordon, Ben Hall’s mate sentenced to 15 years. Dunleavy, the same. Dunn, executed. Loury, shot dead. Foley, sentenced to 15 years. Morgan shot dead. Yourself, Thomas Clarke and you John Clarke about to be sentenced to be hanged. Fletcher shot dead. Pat Connell a mate and relation of yours Thomas Clarke, shot dead. Tom Carroll another relation, sentenced to death, but commuted to penal servitude for life. And Bill Scott, a mate of yours, believed ot have been murdered. How many widows, how many orphans, how much property is lost by the career of these men? I have a list here which shows that since June 1864, seven persons, mostly police, were killed and 16 policemen wounded- all within three years. Much as I have had to do with criminals, I do not know that there is anything in the world so abhorrent as the sympathy which has been expressed for this class if highway robbers- the scum of the earth, the lowest of the low- they have been held up as heroes worthy of example. But better days are coming. It was the old convict element that was still working that caused the sympathy I am alluding to. Yes, a brighter day is coming. You will not live to see it, for your days are numbered. A better and a healthier feeling is rising and pervading all classes. There will be no longer this vile sympathy which has hitherto so much disgraced us. It is shocking when I think of it. It pains me. It humiliates me when I reflect upon it. But two of three years ago one, a young man, the head and front of bushranging amongst us, was in the dock where you now stand, and was acquitted wrongfully- I say wrongfully acquitted. And there was rejoicing in this court, such an exhibition as would disgrace the vilest country on earth; but I am happy to say such days are gone. If there are any in this court now who participated in that unseemly exhibition they live now to see their shame. I am grieved that two young men like you are to receive the last sentence of the law- that you are to pass away from a country which, by honest industry, you might have assisted to raise in the estimation of the world, but from which you pass after disgracing it.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">His Honour then, with much solemnity, pronounced the awful sentence of death upon the prisoners who were removed by the gaolers to the condemned cells.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The prisoners remained apparently unconcerned at their fate. An elderly woman, said to be Mrs Clarke, stood near the dock, and her feelings can be better imagined than described to see her two sons conducted to their last habitation in this world.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Execution of the Brothers Clarke<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Queenslander</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> (Brisbane) Sat 6 July 1867 p9:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas and John Clarke were executed together within the precincts of Darlinghurst Gaol on Tuesday June 25, a few minutes past 9 o’clock, in the presence of about one hundred and seventy spectators, and a large detachment of city police. The execution was conducted in a very prompt and brief manner. The procession was formed exactly at 9 o’clock. Thomas Clarke was accompanied by the Rev. Father John Dwyer (this was the grandson of the 1798 Irish rebel leader Michael Dwyer), and John Clarke by the Rev. Father O’Farrell.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The prayers said by the clergymen were in a low tone. Both prisoners walked with their heads bowed down, and with their eyes partially closed. They looked very careworn and much dejected. They paid no attention to the presence of so many spectators, upon whom they did not so much as cast one look. Their minds seemed to be fully absorbed in meditation and prayer. On arriving at the foot of the gallows they both knelt briefly in prayer. The Rev. Father Dwyer the proceeded up the ladder to the scaffold, followed by O’Farrell. The prisoners, especially John, manifested slight trepidation. John was placed left of his brother. When the rope was adjusted on John’s neck he looked momentarily at his brother, whose eyes remained closed. The rope was then adjusted round Thomas’ neck. A few more prayers- very brief, were said, when the Rev. Father Dwyer took Thomas’ left and John’s right hand, bid them farewell, and left them. The Rev. Father O’Farrell held the cross to each of their lips, and both kissed it- their eyes being closed. Both clergymen having departed, the hangman placed a white cap over each of the culprit’s faces, and drew the bolt. Both fell suddenly to a depth of nine feet- their necks were dislocated- and they died instantly without a struggle, and without any perceptible muscular spasm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Drs Aaron and Evans and a surgeon from one of her Majesty’s vessels, after the bodies had been suspended for about 20 minutes, pronounced life to be extinct; they were taken down, placed in shells, and given over to their sisters for interment.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Since their conviction they had been attended upon unremittingly by the Sisters of Mercy, by the Rev. Father Dwyer and Father O’Farrell; very early yesterday morning by the Rev. Prior Sheridan; and their demeanor throughout was apparently most penitent.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On Monday afternoon they were visited for the last time by their two sisters. Tears on both sides flowed thick and fast. The parting scene was affectionate and distressing. The prisoners, however, soon regained their composure. The authorities also allowed them to be visited by their uncle, Michael Nowlan O’Connell, who is now awaiting trial for being accessory to the murder of Carroll and party at Jinden, and also for harboring the outlaw Thomas Clarke- now no more. The parting scene was here also of a very sad description.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There are some facts in connection with these two executed criminals deserving notice. It is well known that their solicitor, Mr Joseph Leary, spared no personal effort in defending them, and in endeavouring to procure a mitigation of their sentence. He procured two very eminent counsel at their trial; and when sentence was passed, moved the full Court in arrest of judgment. Failing in this he went personally on Thursday and had an interview with the Governor, in the presence of His Excellency’s private secretary, and pleaded ably for mercy, especially for John Clarke. Feeling that it would be necessary to submit his case in writing he drew up an elaborate statement, which His Excellency placed specially before the Executive Council on Monday. There was a full meeting of the Council- the further report of the Chief Justice and the opinion of the Attorney-General and the Solicitor General being considered with Mr Leary’s statement. The result of a most anxious deliberation, however, was that the two criminals should be left to their fate.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">When this decision had been arrived at and communicated to the prisoners, on Monday evening, they were visited for the last time by Mr Leary. After some conversation, Thomas Clarke said, “We should like to make a statement to you.” Mr Leary replied, “It is useless now for you to make any statement to me; I have done all I can; you have but a few hours to live; direct your thoughts to One who is just, and before whom you have soon to appear; that is now my advice.” Thomas Clarke said “We have given up all hope, and are prepared to die; but, for myself, I wish to declare solemnly that I am innocent of murdering either Carroll or his party.” Mr Leary said, “Don’t tell me anything more about it.” John Clarke said, “ I can solemnly assure you that I am also innocent of murdering either one or the other of those detectives.” Thomas Clarke said, “You know, sir, we have written to the Colonial Secretary, and told him we were innocent of murdering Carroll’s party, and we told him we could prove that at the time they were murdered we were forty miles away from the place; we told him that Mrs St Germains, her daughter, her son-in-law (who had been a member of the police force for some time since), and another person whom we named, could prove that at the time the detectives were murdered we were at her place. Mrs St Germains said to me, a few days after the report of the murder, “Well, Tom, they accuse you of many crimes, but they cannot say you murdered the detectives.” <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These four people are in a position to prove that they saw us during the day, and at the hour, forty miles from the scene of the murder.” </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Appeal letter dictated by Tommy and John Clarke proclaiming their innocence of the murder of the 4 Special Constables (Colonial Secretary's Papers, dated 17 June 1867)</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">They then, in bidding adieu to Mr Leary, warmly thanked him for the pains he had taken, and requested that he would be so good as to convey certain words to their mother,, and that he would strongly advise their sisters and other relatives in the Braidwood district to lead an honest and a good life.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It will be difficult for the public to disbelieve that the Clarkes murdered Carroll and his party; but as they both, almost at the last moment, when there was no chance of a reprieve, voluntarily and persistently protested their innocence of these foul murders, it is but right that it should be recorded. They made no public confession of other crimes.</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Summary of Clarke and O'Connell families, and Thomas Berry<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Michael Nowlan O'Connell (Mick)</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;"> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">– b.1821 Loghill Co. Limerick, Ireland, d.1903 Braidwood, m. 1849 Esther Dempsey, m.2. 1851 Margaret E. Griffin. Kept a store, public-house, post office and blacksmith’s shop near Jinden station- well respected in the local community, but public house a known meeting place for bushrangers (his brothers and nephews); in April 1867 under committal for harbouring bushrangers and accessory to murder of John Carroll and party at Jinden in January 1867, along with James Griffin and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">Daniel Guinea</span></b>. After 5 hours at the committal hearing, Daniel Guinea was released without charge, then both Griffin and O'Connell found not guilty of killing Carroll. However, in August 1867 Michael O’Connell was convicted of “aiding an outlaw” and given 7 yrs hard labour in Darlinghurst Gaol, while Griffin was charged with the murder of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>another in the Carroll party, Patrick Kennagh and remanded until his trial. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">John O'Connell</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- b.1827 Loghill Co. Limerick, d.1882 Braidwood, m. 1854 Ellen Berriman. Served 5 years for highway robbery, then 10 years at Darlinghurst for receiving proceeds of mail robbery. Wife Ellen Berriman served 5 years for passing stolen notes<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Patrick O'Connell</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- b.1835 Loghill Co. Limerick, d.1866 Braidwood. Bushranger with the Clarkes; shot dead by police on 16 July 1866 following store hold-up by Patrick and Thomas O'Connell.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Thomas O'Connell</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- b.1832 Loghill Co. Limerick, d.1907 Braidwood, m.1. 1856 Jane Bradley, m.2. Louisa Ann Hurley. Bushranger with the Clarkes, given death sentence for highway robbery and wounding, commuted to life imprisonment without remission<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">John Clarke (Snr)</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">- </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">b.1808 Newry Co. Down, Ire., d. 1866 Goulburn Gaol, m. 1839 Mary Connell. </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;"> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Co</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">nvict arrived on the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Morley</i> 1828 on 7 yr sentence; shoemaker by trade; assigned to a pastoralist; 1860’s became a free settler at Mt. Elrington near Braidwood; stole horses and cattle; died Goulburn Gaol 1866 while under committal for murder of aboriginal<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Billy Noonang<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Thomas Clarke</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- b.c.1840 Braidwood, d.1867 (executed), m. Charlotte Hart. Outlawed under the Felons Apprehension Act in 1866- bushranger, cattle and horse stealing, robberies including mails and post offices and a mail coach in which <strong>John Dunmore Lang</strong> was a passenger, wounding of John Emmett and murder of constable Miles O’Grady in 1866. Implicated in the murder of John Carroll and party at Jinden in 1867. Also implicated in the murders of two of their gang- the Big Taylor and Bill Scott.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Captured after a five hour gun battle at Berry’s Hut in May 1867. Sentenced to death by hanging at trail in June 1867 charged and found guilty of wounding Constable Walsh with intent to murder (on the day of their capture), and wounding aboriginal tracker ‘Sir Watkin’- hanged on June 25 with brother John. Notably the priest who attended Thomas at the hanging was <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Fr. John Dwyer</b>, the grandson of famous 1798 Irish rebel leader, the ‘<em>Wicklow Chief'</em> Michael Dwyer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;"><span style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;">John Clarke (Jnr)- </span>b.c.1846 Braidwood, d.1867 (executed).</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;"> </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">P</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">art of brother Thomas Clarke’s gang. Involved in at least 24 crimes in 1866-67. Captured with his brother and hanged.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">James Clarke</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- b.?, d.1891, m.1. Susan Kelly, m.2. Alice E. McCurley. Sentenced in Jan 1865 for 7 yrs at Cockatoo Island for receiving proceeds of mail robberies conducted by Ben Hall and Johnny Gilbert. It was not proved that he actually committed the robberies. Between 1863 and 1865, Ben Hall, John Gilbert and their gang committed over 100 robberies. </span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">In late 1864, during the robbery of a mail coach near Jugiong, New South Wales, John Gilbert shot and killed Sgt. Parry. Hall and Gilbert were outlawed under the Felons Apprehension Act which meant they could be shot without trial. On 5 May 1865, the whereabouts of Ben Hall was reported to the police and he was ambushed and shot by a party of eight well-armed policemen. A week later on the 13 May, Johnny Gilbert was shot by police.</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">Thomas Berry Jnr</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">-</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> b.1847 Braidwood, m.1867 Ellen Guinea. Charged in May 1867 for harbouring bushrangers when Clarke Brothers captured at the Berry Hut in which they were residing- result of trial unknown. Charged in 1874 for cattle stealing- 5 year sentence at Berrima Gaol, then Darlinghurst Gaol, remitted in 1878. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red;">James Griffin</span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, a relative my marriage of the Clarke Bros and the O'Connells, convicted of one of the Jinden Murders, viz. Patrick Kennagh, at his trial in September 1867, sentence of death commuted to life imprisonment. James, born in the colony in 1845, was brother to Michael Nowlan O’Connell’s second wife Margaret E. Griffin (b.1835 Co Limerick, m.c.1862, and considerably younger than her husband). He also had two brothers named Patrick and Michael who were also involved in the families’ illegal activities. James was released from gaol in 1880 suffering from consumption and died at Dubbo Hospital in 1881.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Guinea family, including Timothy's son Daniel Guinea and his wife, left the Braidwood district a couple of years after the hanging of the Clarkes, and moved to Queensland. Thomas Berry and Ellen moved to the Dubbo district on his release from jail, and got a job working on a station near Warren (about 100 km NW of Dubbo) in which district the family remained. The Berrys had many children and are remembered as well known pioneers, land owners and teamsters in the Warren area.</span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">© B. A. Butler<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Email contact: <span style="color: red;">butler1802 @ hotmail. com </span>(no spaces)<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Ref “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Illustrated Sydney News</i>” Tues 16 April 1867 p7, ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Queanbeyan Age’</i>, weekly fr 23 Nov 1867 to 11 Jan 1868, page 4- <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bushrangers and Our Police System by a Native Trooper</i>, plus general newspapers in the year 1867, Australian Dictionary of Biography- Thomas Clarke; </span><a href="http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers/clarke_bros.htm"><span style="color: blue;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers</span>/clarke_bros.htm</span></a> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Australian Bushrangers- The Clarke Brothers, Thomas and John.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Several newspapers, including ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Mercury’</i> (Tas) Tues 21 May 1867 p3- <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">THE BUSHRANGERS THOMAS AND JOHN CLARKE</i>, recounted the story of the Clarke brothers dramatic arrest, and the rather poignant description of their execution (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Mercury </i>Tues 2 July 1867 page 3 ). Other articles worth reading are:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Australian Dictionary of Biography on the Clarke Brothers, including their photo:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/clarke-thomas-3226"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/clarke-thomas-3226</span></a><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></o:p></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">‘Empire</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">’ (Sydney) Fri 31 May 1867 p5- the Jinden Murders<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><a href="http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers/clarke_bros.htm-"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers/clarke_bros.htm-</span></a><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> History of the Clarke Brothers<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The Queenslander</span></i><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Sat 6 July 1867 p3- Execution of the Brothers Clarke<o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt;">Author,
Peter C Smith has spent decades researching the Clarkes and the Connells and
their bushranging exploits and has published his findings in a fantastic book,
“<i>The Clarke Gang- Outlawed, Outcast and Forgotten”</i>, Rosenberg Publishing NSW
2015.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Dawn C. Hassett, <i>The Guinea Saga: The History of a Pioneering Family,</i> self published 2001 and 2nd ed 2014, copy in National Library of Australia.</span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: blue;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">SRNSW; [NRS 849} page 30, item 5, Reel No.2760<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comBraidwood NSW 2622, Australia-35.4459966 149.79904379999994-35.6530156 149.47632029999994 -35.2389776 150.12176729999993tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-16045153413822539782013-03-14T23:45:00.000-07:002017-10-25T04:29:52.418-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:7- sister Catherine Tobin<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p> </o:p></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-AU">Catherine Tobin (c.1822-c.1884)- elder sister of Stephen Tobin<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When Catherine Tobin arrived in NSW from Tipperary Ireland is uncertain, but it occurred before 1843. </span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Peter Madden’s “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tipperary Emigrant Index</i>” had an entry which may be relevant: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><i>Catherine Tobin, age 18, dairy maid, Read and Write, from Tipperary Ardfinnan, Ship ‘Lascar’ arrived 11 November 1841, no parents named, </i>comment</span><i><span style="color: blue;">: known in Heddins.</span><o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The place name Ardfinnan matches the baptismal record for Stephen Tobin, and is only a few miles from Newcastle Tipperary. Looking at the shipping record for the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lascar</i>’ at State Records NSW,</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Catherine Tobin is a Bounty Immigrant sponsored by Thomas Gore and Company of Sydney, however, the record just names Native Place as ‘Tipperary’ not ‘Ardfinnan’, so that information must have been obtained by Madden from her immigration papers. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">She was Roman Catholic, and the shipping record had <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue;">Remarks : No protection.</span></i><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The given age of 18 in early 1841 places a birth year about 1822/23, which appears to be correct. So the record is probably relevant.</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Index to Bounty Immigrants has the following information. Note that remarks refer to <i><b>Character Reference Neddins</b></i>, not Heddins as in the Madden record:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-AU">Catherine married Timothy Guinea</span></b><span lang="EN-AU"> (b.1810 Limerick- 2<sup>nd</sup> marriage) at Wollongong on 2 March 1845, according to the birth certificate of her daughter Mary Ann (NSW Registry-1862/6017). There are no other records of their marriage yet found, which could therefore have been a “common-law” marriage. However, as a specific date is given for the marriage, the records of the priest may have just been lost.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Catherine Tobin</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: x-small;">(Courtesy of D. Hassett)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Unnamed photo in family album, c.1860-1870, thought to be Catherine Guinea nee Tobin with possibly her sister-in-law Mary Tobin nee Driscoll, or a daughter, possibly eldest daughter Ellen b.1850</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU">The birth and death of their first daughter <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth Guinea</b> in 1847 is registered in Sydney, baptised at St James Church Sydney and the family were living at Cook's River (on the Liverpool Road-, now the suburbs of Ashfield and Burwood). </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU">Their second child <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Cornelius Guinea</b> was born at Gerringong in 1848, so the Guineas were living at the Berry Estate at Gerringong by then (refer to Chapter 3). </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-AU">Four more children were born at Gerringong- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Ellen</b> 1850, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Catherine </b>1853, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Denis</b> 1856 and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth</b> 1860. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By 1862 they were living in the Braidwood area where their last child, daughter <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mary Ann’s</b> birth was registered. Daughter Catherine died at Jinden south of Braidwood in 1869 aged just 16.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Map of Gerringong, NSW</strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Map of Braidwood and Jinden, NSW</span></strong></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Previous to Catherine's marriage to Timothy Guinea, Catherine had a daughter named <b>Mary Carney</b>.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Mary Guinea nee Carney</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(courtesy of descendant, Carol Schneider)</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">No records of Mary's birth/baptism have yet been found, and no marriage between Catherine and a Carney have been found. However, the following newspaper report confirms Mary as the daughter of Catherine. </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mary Carney married Daniel Guinea the son of Catherine’s second husband Timothy Guinea (by first wife Ellen Meskill in Limerick, born c. 1832) on 7 October 1858 at Gerringong, NSW. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><i>'Illawarra Mercury'</i> (Wollongong) Mon 18 October 1858 page 3</b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Daniel Guinea emigrated from Ireland in 1856 when his father paid his £5 fare, arriving in Sydney on 10 October on the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vocaliste</i>’, sponsored by Michael O’Sullivan. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mary Guinea nee Carney died 8 December 1903 at Upper North Arm, Tweed River, and was buried on 10 December in the RC Cemetery in Murwillumbah, northern NSW.</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Australian Death Index 1787-1985 names Mary's father as Denis Carney.</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A Denis Carney died 30 November 1847, aged 3 years, son of Michael and Catherine Carney, is buried in Old Wollongong Catholic Cemetery (V18471394 116/1847). Also, a James Carney, b.1740 Ireland, d.4 Sept 1847 Wollongong, aged 107 years, labourer (V18471388 116/1847). Whether either of these records are relevant is unknown. However, the town of Wollongong was first gazetted in 1834, and by 1856 Wollongong had a population of 864, so one would think that any Carneys living in Wollongong ten years before, must have been closely related.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Timothy Guinea/Guiney was born at Abbeyfeale Limerick c.1810, the son of Cornelius Guiney and Mary Ann Sullivan. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Timothy was given a life sentence and transported for cattle stealing in 1835, arriving in Sydney aboard the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">‘Forth’</i> on 2 February 1835. Apparently one of his father's own cows had strayed and been impounded for which he was required to pay a fee, so Timothy stole it back as a result of which he was arrested, charged and given a life sentence, which seemed excessive for the crime committed. However, family speculation that he may have been involved with the Fenian Brotherhood, a group founded in the US in 1831 by an Irish republican group founded by John Mahony in 1831 and dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic in the 19<sup>th</sup> and early 20<sup>th</sup> century,</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> may have resulted in his banishment. He left behind a young wife, Ellen Meskell and an infant son Daniel.</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the convict muster of 1837, Timothy had been assigned to Mr Western of Liverpool. By 1845 he was at Wollongong where he married Catherine Tobin.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Timothy Guinea was given his Ticket of Leave on 1 May 1847 which required him to remain in the Illawarra area which is where Gerringong is situated, and after eighteen years in the colony was granted a Conditional Pardon on 10 Dec 1853.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Whether Timothy was originally assigned to Alexander Berry to work on clearing his large grant at Gerringong is not known, but the Guineas were living on the Berry estate before he received his Conditional Pardon, possibly after he received his Ticket of Leave. (see Chapter 3 for description of Berry estate)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As the Berry estate was only leasehold land, at some point Timothy and Daniel decided to apply for selections that they could farm freehold. In 1861 Timothy Guinea and his son Daniel Guinea had settled in the Braidwood district, near the Araluen Mountains,- Daniel at a small settlement near Jinden Station on the Cooma Road, and Timothy a few miles further north at Krawarree.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Daniel and Mary Guinea would have thirteen children.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Daniel Guinea’s first child, daughter <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Catherine</b> was born at Kiama in 1860, but his son <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Michael</b>’s birth was registered at Braidwood in 1862 as were four other children until 1870; his son <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John</b> was born at Dalby QLD in 1871 and the remainder of his thirteen children were born in the Tweed area until the last in 1886. Daniel died 17 July 1916 and was buried in Murwillumbah cemetery, now a park.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1862, Timothy Guinea was residing at the Big Flat at Krawarree just south of Braidwood. An article on the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Queanbeyan Age and General Advertiser</i>, Thurs 14 Aug 1862 p2 has the following information:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ANOTHER CASE OF STICKING_UP<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following case of highway robbery has only just come to our knowledge, but forms another cogent reason for the increase of police in this subdivision. On the afternoon of Friday the 25<sup>th</sup> ult., Mr Timothy Guinea, a resident at the Big Flat Krawaree was stuck up between the top of Araluen Mountain and Dranesfield’s steam flour mill, under the following circumstances. It appears that Guinea had been to Moraya (Moruya on the coast) on the precious day, for the purpose of selecting a block of land on the Upper Shoalhaven, and that he put up at Mr Mellon’s, Merricumbene on his way home, on that night. On the Friday morning he started from Mr Mellon’s for the neighbourhood of Jinglemoney, passing through Araluen and up the track known as Hollidge’s on the old mountain road. He was coming from the top of the mountain leading his horse, in the direction and within a mile of Dransfield’s mill, when two men sprang from behind a tree, one armed with a double-barrelled gun, and the other with a large single-barrelled pistol. One of them caught hold of the reins, the other brought Guinea under cover of the double-barrelled gun, and cried “Stand”; a command which was instantly obeyed. Guinea asked what they wanted: to which was replied “Your money”. Guinea said, “If that is all, you can have it and welcome.” They then ordered him to unbutton his clothes and turn out his pockets. Guinea had a digger’s belt round his waist, on seeing which the diggers ordered him to unbuckle it as they wanted “the gold dust”. Guinea complied, remarking that he had never been at a diggings in his life. “Where then, have you been?” said one of his friends. “At Moraya, about a bit of land.” was the reply. At this, one or both of the freebooters remarked, “Then we are too late.” They were not too late, however, to take all the money, five or six shillings in silver, that Guinea had, about a fig and a half of tobacco and one of his stirrup irons and leather, and then they allowed him to go on his way rejoicing. Etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Daniel Guinea’s selection was near the Berry farm a few miles from Jinden Station, facing the Jinden Creek, on the opposite bank to Timothy Guinea's selection.</span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Two of Timothy and Catherine Guinea’s seven children married into the Berry family- their daughter <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Ellen Guinea (b.1850 Gerringong) married Thomas James Berry</b> on 4 March 1867 at Braidwood NSW, and son <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Cornelius Guinea (b.1848 Kiama/Gerringong) married on 15 October 1872 to Ellen Mary Berry</b> at Braidwood. (The family association would continue when John Guinea’s daughter married her cousin Denis Berry, son of Ellen and Thomas). Thomas James Berry and Ellen Mary Berry were children of Thomas Berry Snr and Bridget O’Connell. Bridget O'Connell was sister and aunt to an infamous family of bushrangers- the Connells and the Clarkes.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Daniel
Guinea, and Timothy and Catherine’s daughter Ellen and her husband Thomas Berry,
would get caught up in the activities and murder trials of the infamous
bushrangers, Berry’s cousins, Tommy and John Clarke, and their subsequent
capture in 1867 at Daniel Guinea’s hut. </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Their story will be told in the next chapter.</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By 1870/71, Timothy and Catherine, and Daniel and Mary Guinea had moved from Braidwood to southern Queensland. Daniel took a selection of 300 acres on the Moola River in the Bunya Bunya Mountains area near Dalby on the Darling Downs, while Timothy took acreage near Nanango on the other side of the Bunya Bunya Mts. Whether they met up with Catherine's sister Ellen and her husband Henry Koch who were residents of Dalby, is unknown. It is possible that they had been in contact with Ellen who had recommended the area to them. The Kochs had moved to Dalby in 1857 and were prominent and quite affluent citizens of the town. Henry Koch purchased 320 acres at nearby Cumkillenbar Reserve (near the Moola River and the road to the Bunya Bunya Mts) and had built a 7 room house which a local journalist described as <i>"the 'beau ideal' of what a prosperous farmer's residence ought to be, Koch having laid out </i></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><i>£1,500 on the whole property, and had an income of </i></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><i>£250 p.a. from property in Dalby</i>". However, the Kochs left the district for Cooktown in December 1871 as the local water supplies had dried up due to drought and the property was no longer viable. Similarly, Timothy and Daniel also left the district at around the same time, after only a few months, as t</span><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">he land was not as they expected due to poor water supplies, and they followed Catherine’s brother Stephen to Tallebudgera, </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial";">and by 1873, the Guineas owned land in Tallebudgera, near Stephen Tobin's land (see map of Tallebudgera landholdings in Chapter 4) where the families continued living for several years before Timothy took up land at nearby Gilston at Nerang, which became Advancetown, and Daniel settled in the Tweed River area, where his descendants continue to live today. Timothy's property is now under the waters of the Hinze Dam, but many descendants continue to live in the Nerang/Numinbah Valley area.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Wife Catherine Tobin died in c.1884, and is believed to have been buried on their farm at Advancetown a few miles SW of Nerang in Queensland, in one of three unmarked graves found on the property which were to be flooded by the dam. Timothy died on 16 May 1888 and is buried at Nerang Cemetery. Descendants raised funds for a memorial plaque and lobbied for a local park situated on his former land to be named after the family- The Guinea Family Memorial Park. A bronze plaque commemorating Catherine and the two children buried near her, was embedded in a large sandstone rock and a garden lines a path leading visitors around a Celtic Circle of large sandstone rocks. It is a rather beautiful and fitting memorial to this pioneer family.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The two families are also commemorated in the Tallebudgera area at the Gold Coast by roads named after them- Guineas Creek Road and Tobin Way.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Recommended reading: Dawn C. Hassett has published a book on the Guinea family history, <em>The Guinea Saga: the history of a pioneering family,</em> pub. Camden NSW c.2001, a copy of which is in the National Library of Australia.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">© B. A. Butler<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Email contact: <span style="color: red;">butler1802 @hotmail.com </span>(no spaces)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">SRNSW Bounty Immigrant Ships (online), Reel 2135, [4/4782]<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Information supplied by Guinea descendants and family researchers D. Hassett and K. Guinea, Tobin descendant and family researcher Julie Tobin, and the Pioneer Family Index at the Gerringong Museum and Gerringong Historical Society:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nswgdhs/pioneers.htm.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">SRNSW; Ticket of Leave [4/4212]; Reel 960, No. 47/412; Recommended Cond. Pardon [4/4480] Reel 798, page 353; Conditional Pardon 10 Dec 1853 [4/4475]; Reel 796, page465-466<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">SRNSW; [NRS 849} page 30, item 5, Reel No.2760<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comBraidwood NSW 2622, Australia-35.4459966 149.79904379999994-35.6530156 149.47632029999994 -35.2389776 150.12176729999993tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-78850374457822597752013-03-14T22:07:00.000-07:002014-09-09T22:32:46.974-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:6- Return to NSW, move to W.A., and death<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">In 1894, an application appeared in the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Brisbane Courier’</i> 26 Feb 1894, p.8 (re Stephen’s sister Ellen’s Will and transmission of her land) which showed that Stephen was living at Mulgoa, Penrith NSW. The section under Name of Claimant described: “<em>Stephen Tobin of Tallebudgera near Nerang, farmer, but at present of Mulgoa, Penrith, NSW"</em>. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">By December 1896, Stephen and his wife had joined most of his adult children who had previously moved to Perth in Western Australia. An article in the <span style="color: blue;"><i>Freeman's Journal</i> (Sat. 19 December 1896 p.28</span>) had disclosed that Stephen and Mary had left NSW for Perth the previous week:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">"Amongst passengers Westward Ho! last week was Mr Stephen Tobin of Mulgoa, who for the present makes Perth his home. The old gentleman- he is much older than he looks- has not been led by booms and rumours of booms to the Golden West, but by his present departure consolidates his family, several members of which have for some time past been carving their fortune in W.A. Formerly a Queensland colonist, Mr Tobin when he left for NSW carried with him credentials from Sir Henry Norman (with whose regiment he served in India) and Sir Samuel Griffith, <i>cum multis alliis; </i>and leaves Sydney not unprovided with like "open sesames." Mr Tobin is the soul of Irish manhood; and the FREEMAN's little testimonial is that for a generation he has read and regularly paid for his FREEMAN."</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A dilemma<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">I am very conscious that genealogists are the story tellers of the family- the custodians of the family history. We spend our lives unearthing the secrets of our forebears to pass on through the generations. We thrill at finding a skeleton in the closet, a black-sheep of the family, and a spicy story to go with it. The excitement is palpable when we first discover descent from Australian ‘aristocracy’- a convict, or even more desirable, one of the ‘first fleeters’. We claim them with pride- no matter whether our forebear was a petty thief, or a highwayman, or an Irish rebel convicted of murder, it makes a fascinating story to write about.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> What better than a link with a bushranger, hanged for his crimes. Despite their foul deeds, we romanticize these characters in our folklore.</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span>We recognize that this was another era with a very different set of values, and punishment was harsh. Life itself was harsh and many of the crimes one’s forebears committed can be excused due to their circumstances and the times in which they lived. But there is one crime that cannot be so easily dismissed. And therein lies the dilemma. Do you reveal your forefather’s shame and destroy his reputation in the eyes of all of his descendants? Do you deliberately avoid publishing the details of the accusation to spare the feelings of his family? Do you present the facts as reported and then debate the arguments for and against the accusation to try and explain his alleged behaviour or determine the truth or otherwise of his guilt?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">For the purpose of this chapter, I have decided to pursue the latter course.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">In the preceding chapters we have established that Stephen Tobin was a popular man with an exemplary character, much admired and respected in the various communities in which he lived and on whose behalf he agitated strongly with government to improve the local facilities and infrastructure with great success- a recognized leader of the community. He also lived in each community for long periods of time, and was an elderly man of 72 years of age when he decided to retire and join his daughters who had moved to new pastures. Over the years Stephen had forged an honourable reputation with many of the leading politicians in Queensland and NSW.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">I had formed a very favourable opinion about this man who was my ancestor- I was proud of him and his achievements. You can imagine the shock and disbelief when I discovered the following notice in the NSW Police Gazette, 14 July 1897, page 249:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Apprehensions &c.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen Tobin, summoned before the Penrith Bench by Constable Hughes, Mulgoa Police, for indecently assaulting Hilda May Hughes, a girl under the age of 14 years, has been committed for trial at Sydney Quarter Sessions. Bail allowed- self £50 and two sureties in £25 each.</span></i><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen returned from Perth for the trial.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">A short summary of the case appeared in the The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday 27 August 1897 p.3:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><i>ALLEGED ASSAULT</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><i>Stephen Tobin, an elderly man, was charged with having on the 15th October 1896, at Mulgoa, assaulted a child, Hilda May Hughes, under 14 years of age, viz. 9 years and 8 months. Mr Walter Edmonds instructed by Waller and Deeson appeared for the defence. Accused was found not guilty and discharged.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">For a short time I felt relieved that he had been found not guilty. However, a more comprehensive report of the case was then reported in the regional newspaper, </span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta</i>), Sat. 28 August 1897.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">PARRAMATTA QUARTER SESSIONS<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Before Judge Backhouse<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Thursday 26 August 1897<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">ALLEGED INDECENT ASSAULT<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen Tobin was charged with having on 15<sup>th</sup> October 1896 at Mulgoa, indecently assaulted a child, Hilda May Hughes, under 14 years of age- viz. 9 years and 8 months. Mr Walter Edmunds (instructed by Walter and Dawson) appeared for the defence.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Hilda May Hughes, an attractive and intelligent child of 10 years of age, was briefly examined by His Honor as to the nature of an oath, and ultimately sworn. She deposed that she was sent on a message from her own house to defendant’s on October 15. She was looking for a packet of needles in the bedroom when accused came in and found the needles for her. He then caught her beneath the arms and threw her down, and indecently assaulted her. Later, he asked her not to tell her father, but she would not promise. She did not tell her parents that day nor for some time afterwards, but told her sister. Some months afterwards she informed her parents in reply to their questions.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Blanche E. Hughes deposed that her sister Hilda made a certain complaint to her on the evening of the 15<sup>th</sup> October.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The Crown Prosecutor pressed for details in view of a recent decision of the higher courts.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mr Edmunds objected on the ground that statements behind the back of accused were clearly not evidence.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">His Honor asked if the Crown Prosecutor had with him the decision lately given, but that gentleman replied in the negative.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">His Honor said he knew the decision had been given, but as it could not be produced, it would be better for the Crown Prosecutor not to press the matter.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The witness deposed that accused once asked her if her sister Hilda had told her of his conduct, and then said that he was “going away to West Australia”, and “no police could touch him there.” When he returned (some six months later) accused went to her father and said he wished to know straight out what it was they (the Hughes family) had against him. Later Miss Tobin said the matter would not rest there- that they (the Tobins) would take proceedings.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">First Class Constable H.S. Hughes (the child’s father) stationed at Mulgoa, deposed that he saw his daughter crying on the evening of the 15<sup>th</sup> October, but she made no complaint. The two houses were about 150 feet apart. Shortly before he had heard some screaming from a child, which he took to come from a neighbour’s house. Did not pay much attention. On the next day he noticed discolouration on the child’s underclothing. Took no action till the 4<sup>th</sup> January when he spoke to his older daughter. He was accosted by Miss Tobin and her father (accused) in June. She asked him what he had against her father and witness said he would say what he thought necessary at the proper time and place. Had called twice to see Miss Tobin in reply to a communication from her, but had not seen her. Had consulted his superior officer who had told him to please himself as to what he did. On July 8<sup>th</sup> he received an ____ that accused had been to the Inspector General of Police.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Selina Hughes, the wife of the previous witness, deposed that she remembered the child crying on the night of the 15<sup>th</sup> October. On the 16<sup>th</sup> she noticed the condition of the child’s clothing. She mentioned the matter to her husband but did not ask the child any questions.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The accused, Stephen Tobin, deposed he was 72 years of age and was for years Sergeant in the British Army and had been a resident of New South Wales and Victoria (sic) for over 30 years. Produced letters from Sir Henry Norman (ex-Governor of Queensland) (</span></i><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Field Marshall who served in India- Governor of Qld 1889-1895<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">), and Sir Samuel Griffith (</i>Premier of Qld 1883-1888<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">), and also a letter signed by various other persons of high standing in Queensland, justifying to his character. Remembered the child, Hilda Hughes, calling at his house in October last. There was not a single word of truth in her story. He left Sydney for West Australia early in December last- it was well known months before that he intended leaving. While in West Australia he heard certain things by letter from his daughters who were still in Mulgoa. On the first intimation he sent a telegram from West Australia to the effect that he would return at once if deemed advisable. He received no telegram in response, and the next letter advised him to wait till further enquiries could be made. He found he could not rest with the allegations about him, and ultimately he came back from West Australia to meet the charge, and, if necessary, to take proceedings against Mr Hughes. Had otherwise no intention of returning. Went with his daughter to see Mr Hughes. She asked him to say to their face what he had said behind witness’s back. Took out a summons against Mr Hughes in July. Denied having used to Blanche Hughes the words sworn to by her. When the child called in October she had to get a candle to get the article for which she was sent. Did not remember what this was. Was not in the room with her. The child went out and closed the door after her.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Alice Hyde, married daughter of accused, deposed that prior to December last she was living with her father and sister at Mulgoa. On the evening of the 13<sup>th</sup> (not 15<sup>th</sup>) October she sent the child Hilda Hughes to her (witness’) father’s house for some needles. The child was not away more than 5 minutes and when she came back there was no indication of any crying or distress on her part. Did not hear any screaming. Was able to fix the date definitely by the fact that she had a “battery” made that evening. On Hilda’s return asked her if she had found the needles easily, and she said “Yes- they were on the chest of drawers in your room.” Was not on very intimate terms with the Hughes family- though she knew the children well. Remembered the child Blanche Hughes being there one day to dinner. It was not a fact that any conversation respecting defendant’s conduct took place on that occasion. Witness was present during almost the whole of the meal and was in the adjoining office for the rest of the time.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Louisa Tobin, post and telegraph mistress at Mulgoa, accused’s eldest daughter, deposed that the families were not on friendly terms. She generally corroborated the previous witness’ evidence.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Lillie Tobin, another daughter, deposed that after her father’s return, he and she went to Hughes house and asked him to say what he had previously said. He declined. Her father was present at the time.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Messrs A.W. Stephen J.P. (a director of the Land Company of Australasia), Arch. Campbell M.L.A. and Alfred Colless (proprietor of the “Nepean Times”, and one time Mayor of Penrith) gave the accused an excellent character.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">His Honor summed up, somewhat against the accused; and the jury, after retirement, stated that they had agreed to return a verdict of not guilty and to add a rider “that, while we believe there is a doubt, we decide to give the accused the benefit of same”.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">His Honor thanked the jury for their attendance and said that he was not surprised that their deliberations had extended over some time. As to the rider, the press were present and no doubt would kindly give publicity to it.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">His Honor then desired the court to be adjourned etc.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">What can one make of this trial? On the one hand he was found not guilty. On the other, the judge and the jury clearly thought he was possibly guilty of this despicable crime but were unable to convict him due to lack of evidence, so the judge more or less directed the press to meter out an appropriate punishment by shaming him- reminiscent of putting him in the stocks. Tobin’s character references and letters of recommendation were impressive, including from such notables as the former Premier and Governor of Queensland, but this method of shaming him in the eyes of all former and any future acquaintances was an effective alternative punishment. His character was forever tainted. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The question is- was he truly guilty of the crime as charged?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen was 72 years of age when this occurred. Does a man reveal a sexual attraction for young girls at this advanced age? Surely this predilection would have manifested itself before this, yet a man could not live in such small communities and attain such a level of respect if he had succumbed to his depraved and shameful instincts. His seven daughters clearly adored him. However, a nine year old child, particularly in that era of childhood innocence, does not generally make an accusation of sexual assault without some basis of truth.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">But why would he choose to molest or rape the very young daughter of a neighbour who was the local policeman? It does not bespeak of a premeditated act, and even a spur of the moment action does not make sense for an intelligent man of such mature years who would be well aware of the consequences. I can only find any sort of justification if senility had set in, which could explain why his daughters defended him so tenaciously. Stephen’s two spinster daughters, Louisa and Lily, as well as his newly married daughter Alice (Hyde) were the witnesses called on his behalf. (Louisa Tobin was appointed Post and Telegraph Mistress at Mulgoa in 1884 and her sister Lily became her assistant from 1896, whereas Alice had returned from Perth shortly after her wedding on 12 July 1897 in Perth, at which her brother-in-law gave her away and her mother hosted the wedding dinner.) Their version of events differs markedly from that of the Hughes family. Were they lying under oath to protect their father? Their testimony clearly evoked enough doubt to prevent Stephen’s conviction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Further questions spring to mind- surely a nine year old child who had been sexually assaulted would show some level of physical injury and bruising which would become more apparent in the days following. Wouldn’t she have behaved hysterically rather than be merely upset, and if so, wouldn’t her parents have been aware of the trauma their child had just experienced and demanded to know the reason? After all, the father claimed to have heard someone screaming at the neighbour’s house but did not make enquiries- an unusual reaction from a policeman. Why did it take so long for the ‘truth’ to come out? And what of the “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">discolouration on her underclothing</i>”? On noticing the stains on the following day, the child’s mother mentioned it to her husband but neither asked the child any questions- is that not an odd reaction? Did they not put two and two together? Blood is easily identifiable, and yet the child’s mother did not pursue the matter, even to question the child whether she had begun to menstruate. None of these questions seem to have been asked by the court. Why didn’t the defense counsel pursue this line? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">There are so many questions left unanswered.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">If he was guilty, why would Stephen return from the legal safety of Western Australia to clear his name? But then again, did Stephen and his family go to Western Australia two months after the assault because they knew he was in deep trouble?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or had they planned to go there months before the assault as he claimed was widely known?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The child’s sister claimed that Tobin had “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">once asked her if her sister Hilda had told her of his conduct, and then said that he was going away to West Australia, and no police could touch him there”. </i>Surely no-one would be so stupid and incautious as to ask his victim’s sister if she (the victim) had told her of his ‘conduct’. And then return to NSW to clear his name after making such a damning statement to a potential witness. That evidence does not ring true.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen claimed he took out a summons against the child’s father, Mr Hughes, in July, probably for libel, which is not the action of a guilty man. Nevertheless, he may have lost that case as the Judge and the Crown Prosecutor made reference to a decision “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">lately given in the higher courts</i>” which could not be produced and therefore that line of questioning was dropped. If it was relevant to the case, one would expect that the Crown Prosecutor would have had the document ready to produce if questioned by the Judge. The pendulum swings.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">However, tellingly, Stephen did not return to his wife and eight children living with their families in Western Australia, but continued to live with Louisa and Lily, following them to Bundanoon in 1899 when they were transferred by the Postal Department, dying there from a stroke five years later. His obituary (below) stated that his death was primarily due to paralysis, this being accentuated by a fall from a tram in Sydney about nine months before, up to which time "he had been quite hale and hearty". The funeral notices inviting Stephen’s many friends to attend were placed by his two daughters, Louisa and Lily, and his widowed son-in-law Adolph Poulsen (my great grandfather with whom Stephen had a close relationship, sharing the raising of my young motherless grandmother and her siblings with help from Louisa and Lily, eventually sharing adjoining graves in death). No mention of Stephen’s wife and no bereavement notice placed by them in the papers. Nor did his obituary mention any of his family apart from Louisa, Lily and Adolph. However, his daughter Elizabeth Rommeis, when told of his impending death, did travel from Perth to Bundanoon, but not in time to see him before he died. She did stay for the funeral.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen's wife, Mary Tobin, died in Perth nine years later, in 1913. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> At the time of her daughter Alice's marriage in July 1897, the month preceeding Stephen's trial, Mary hosted the reception at her house named '<em>Illawarra</em>' in Perth, the same place of her death in 1913. Alice's brother-in-law gave her away at the wedding in the absence of her father. Immediately following her wedding, Alice travelled to Sydney to give evidence on behalf of her father.</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> So it would appear that Mary may have abandoned him after forty years of marriage, which may say it all- the ultimate betrayal of trust in a marriage. If she believed in his guilt, there could be no forgiveness.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mud sticks. Regardless of whether Stephen was guilty or innocent, the fact that the case was recorded in the newspaper condemns the man for eternity. In the present era, we find television news stories and social media inflicting the same damage. It should also be taken into account that if a trial by judge and jury at the time could not come to a clear verdict with all the evidence at hand, then what hope do we have of bettering that a hundred years on.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Have I attempted to whitewash the evidence because the truth is too painful? The crime, if committed, is unforgiveable. I just don’t know. I can only leave the reader to draw their own conclusions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">This is one story where there is no pride in the telling.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stephen's obituary in <i>The Catholic Press</i>:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Another obituary in the Freeman's Journal (Sydney) Sat 5 November 1904 p.29:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Funeral notices:</span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><em>Sydney Morning Herald</em> 28 October 1904 pp.6, 12- </span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Death and Funeral Notices<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><em>Burial Record: <strong>Waverley Cemetery, Sydney<o:p></o:p></strong></em></span></div>
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<em><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><strong>Section 17, Grave No.2281-</strong> Katherine (has Kathleen) Poulsen (nee Tobin), Stephen Tobin, Theodore S. Poulsen</span></em></div>
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<em><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><strong>Section 17, Grave No. 2282-</strong> </span></em><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><em>Ferdinand Adolph George Poulsen, Raymond H. Poulsen</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Combined grave of the Tobin/Poulsen family at Waverley Cemetery</strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: Arial;">(see cemetery maps below)</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>(See Chapter 10- daughter Katherine Poulsen for more photos of this grave)</strong></span></div>
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<o:p><strong><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Western Mail (Perth) Fri 26 Sept 1913 p.34</span></strong></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><em>Buried: <strong>Karrakatta Cemetery, Perth</strong> </em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><em>Roman Catholic Historical Section AA, gravesite 0368- Mary Tobin, with her daughter Elizabeth Rommeis (d.3/8/1928), and son-in-law Edward (Karl August) Rommeis (d.3/10/1901)</em></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Photos taken April 2013- gravestone obviously vandalised</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><strong>Death certificates of Stephen Tobin and wife Mary Tobin nee Driscoll</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Waverley Cemetery Grave Location Maps- Sydney</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>NB. grave location map below relates to the black line (mid right) in the blue rectangle (Section 17)</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Location of Poulsen/Tobin grave marked * near wall, Waverley Cemetery</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Grave marked * overlooking the sea at Waverley Cemetery</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Map of Karrakatta cemetery, Perth</strong></span></div>
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Roman Catholic AA Historical Graves in lower centre of map (orange)</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiayau1V7UQM9vdTREcXZDbM2hcDgJan0eV9P0effxtWize35Kpism74B_-7KV1y5IWn9QPu1Xg1M-RmKnRGoEFSnvKRAXzxKOofoJgXT5MuZVIY6grsspHk-ngxDsmu2kXW_aEU019Uss/s1600/Karrakatta+Cemetery+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiayau1V7UQM9vdTREcXZDbM2hcDgJan0eV9P0effxtWize35Kpism74B_-7KV1y5IWn9QPu1Xg1M-RmKnRGoEFSnvKRAXzxKOofoJgXT5MuZVIY6grsspHk-ngxDsmu2kXW_aEU019Uss/s640/Karrakatta+Cemetery+copy.jpg" height="490" width="640" ya="true" /></a></div>
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Mary Tobin and the Rommeis' grave in section marked red.</div>
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AA Historical RC burial section Karrakatta Cemetery</div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Contact email<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">butler1802 @hotmail.com </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">(no spaces)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span></o:p></span></div>
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span><strong><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Links to all other chapters in this blog:</span></u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></strong><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta</i>), Sat 28 August 1897, p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comMulgoa NSW , Australia-33.8405707 150.64883350000002-33.9461117 150.48747200000003 -33.7350297 150.81019500000002tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-34832890199135052902013-03-14T21:41:00.003-07:002016-07-05T21:25:42.523-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:5- Life at Tallebudgera<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During the 1880’s Stephen Tobin’s community leadership continued. He also expanded his business interests in the rapidly developing township of Tallebudgera.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Brisbane Courier</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> 4 June 1881, reported<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>that :<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“Our local mail contractor Mr Stephen Tobin is making complaint of the bad state of the main road after passing Tallebudgera and before meeting the border line. Nothing in the shape of repairs to this road has been done for some years, and it must not be in a most deplorable state, as it passes for the most part, through scrubby country.” In 1884 the Qld Government voted £2,500 for a proper road to the border from Tallebudgera, and a bridge was erected over Tallebudgera Creek.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In June 1881 Tobin chaired a Railway meeting at Mudgeeraba to urge for a line from the metropolis to the Tweed. (<strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></em></strong> 1 June 1881 p.6) The report said:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The attendance which was good comprised the leading landholders of the district. <strong>Mr S. Tobin</strong>, who was voted to the chair, read the advertisement, convening the meeting, and said he was pleased to see the district so well represented in the meeting. He trusted that with the help of the initiators of the movement they would be able to soon to congratulate themselves on a successful issue. Resolutions were passed and a committee formed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was discussed that a line had been built to Nerang. Subsequently, it was proposed that it be extended to the border. Three routes were surveyed between Nerang and the border, the “Lower Route” being preferred, as the one past Tallebudgera known as the ‘Upper Route’ was considered more circuitous and difficult to construct. In May, Tobin led a delegation to the Minister for Railways, urging for the Upper Route to be chosen over the preferred Lower Route.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">At an earlier meeting in April, convened at Nerang to consider the subject of the Brisbane and Tweed River Railway, a Resolution was proposed: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">That in the opinion of this meeting the time has arrived when it is absolutely necessary for the proper development of the trade and agricultural and pastoral interests of the district that railway communication should be established between the metropolis and the Tweed River. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Mr S. Tobin</strong> spoke in favour of the resolution. The districts of Mudgerebah and Tallebudgera were but partially developed; in fact the splendid lands of those districts were not tilled at all, when it was considered what could be the output of crop if railway benefits were extended to them. His knowledge of the district and of the Tweed enabled him to support a policy which advocated railway extension, for there were millions of acres which would become gradually peopled and tilled if a railway were constructed between Brisbane and the Tweed.” Another speaker spoke about the cost of such a project, predicting it would cost about £93,000 at most £124,000 for the 62 miles of track, and advised the meeting to work together, form a committee to co-operate with other committees along the line of route at the different centres of population and thereby further their object. He also advised what steps needed to be taken. A second resolution was moved by Mr S. Tobin, as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">That a committee be appointed to consider the best means to be adopted to give practical effort to the first resolution; such committee to consist of Messrs R. Hope, E. Cooper, H. Smith, M. McLeod, E. Starkey, H. Bryant, S. Tobin, C. Batten, E. Bellise, and J. Cockerill , with power to add.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was carried unanimously.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Another matter was raised at the meeting. Mr Linneberg rose to speak of a local grievance, and one of great importance to all about Nerang- namely, the state of the river. The traffic by it is now nearly stopped, and if steps are not taken at once, it will be a very serious affair, and should command the attention of all who use the river in sending or receiving goods. He should promise that a committee, formed of <strong>Messrs S. Tobin</strong>, E. Starkey, and H. Bryant, draw up a petition, showing the great necessity there was for the attention of Government being drawn to the state of the Nerang Creek. The channel is fast closing up, almost stopping navigation. Only lately a steamer was stranded for over a week, and a great deal of produce of the farmers spoilt. They also spoke of the serious drawback it would be to the timber trade if the channel closed. It was agreed that they would do their best to get up a petition. The meeting was a most successful one, one of the largest ever held in the district. (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Brisbane Courier</i> Fri 1 April 1881 p3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In September 1889 Stephen once again led a deputation, this time to the Railway Commissioners urging the commissioners to choose the Upper Route, with the argument that lack of transport was a handicap to settlers of the district getting their produce to market. They argued that the present route by road which was slower resulted in a high percentage of spoilage of the produce before it could reach the market.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1889 in a letter to the South Qld Bulletin signed by the settlers of Tallebudgera Creek and Currumbin Creek re the Upper Route option for the Railway, the settlers stated their landholdings, and Tobin , one of the signatories, gave his landholding at 465 acres. This was the 5<sup>th</sup> largest holding in the list. They held a public meeting on 29 December 1889 (<i><span style="color: blue;"><b>Logan Witness</b></span></i> Sat 5 Jan 1889 p2) to conclude the best route for the Tweed Railway, Stephen Tobin voted to the chair- nearly all the residents of the district were present. The Chairman said the meeting had been called in consequence of the surveyor, Mr McArthur, having finished the survey for the Tweed Railway. He had made three surveys and unless the railway was constructed on the upper route, viz. from Reedy Creek, through Tallebudgera to the Border, the railway would be useless to them, therefore the meeting had been called to pass resolutions in favour of the upper route. A committee of 12 were appointed to carry out the objects of their resolutions, including S. Tobin.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1890 the Minister for Railways, Mr Nelson, and the Commissioners personally undertook a tour of the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>surveyed routes, arriving in the area in the middle of a deluge, resulting in the roads becoming a quagmire and the trip being curtailed. Tobin had been unable to meet the Commissioners due to illness and the newspaper reported<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<em>General regret was felt at the absence of <strong>Stephen Tobin</strong> through illness during the Minister’s visit.” <o:p></o:p></em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The railway link was eventually built through Tobin’s land in the mid 1890’s.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Further Community Meetings re local issues<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></strong> Sat 16 Sept 1882 p.373: The Proposed Increase of Duty Upon Cedar<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On Saturday afternoon the timber-getters interested in the cedar trade met at <strong>Tobin’s Music Hall, Nerang</strong>, in response to an advertisement to consider the action to be taken in the matter of the day. Mr McLean, M.L.A. was present by request, and there was a good representative attendance. Mr J. Maynard having been voted to the chair called upon Mr Starkey to propose the first resolution. He, when in town lately had made inquiry regarding the quantity of cedar exported last year and found that 2,593,370 superficial feet- of value of £19,556- of logs, and 103, 658 superficial feet of sawn cedar, value £1424, had been sent away in 1881, which gave them as near as possible 15s, and 27s, per 100 superficial feet respectively. Looking back upon the almost immediate past, an extra punt-load of cedar taken to Brisbane for saw-mill consumption almost blocked the market, and if the export trade was stopped, the quantity now being brought in would not be sold, and the little that would be used would realize a very small price. He thought the matter required consideration at the hands of Government. The figures quoted re export in 1881 showed that 1000 men were engaged in this one industry. He regretted that the pine and hardwood getters did not take a greater interest in the question, as if the duty were enforced many would be compelled to take pine and hardwood falling and drawing. He then moved-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">That the timber-getters in the Nerang district interested in cedar protest against the imposition of the increased duty upon this timber, as it will stop the trade, and cause serious loss, as there is at present in the district a large quantity of cedar awaiting removal, which, if the proposed increase of duty come into force would not pay for removal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr F. Fowler of Tallebudgera moved:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">That the result of the proposed increase of duty would, if carried, only benefit the saw-mill proprietors, who would then exercise a monopoly of the trade, the quantity consumed by them being but small, while the quantity available is large.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The motion was carried.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr F. Nixon proposed the third resolution<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">:<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">That the timber-getters being the pioneers, and having gone to considerable expense in making roads, etc, and as they form a considerable portion of the population of the district, claim consideration at the hands of the Government.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">He stated that the roads had been formed by the timber-getters in places where the Government could never have gone, and that the roads being made opened up the country and induced settlement. The timber-getter was already heavily taxed with license-fee, divisional board rates etc. <strong>Mr Tobin</strong> supported the resolution, stating that upon leaving NSW he was induced to settle at Tallebudgera, in consequence of the timber-getters having previously made roads which enabled intending selectors to view the land. He knew of many more who had been induced to settle in the district from the quality of the land, who could never have seen it if the roads had not been made through the scrub. Mr McIntrye also testified to the fact that he came from NSW to settle in this colony. He came by roads made by the timber-getters, and the three who came with him to settle brought at least £1500 with them, which they had spent in the colony.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The fourth resolution was carried:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">That copies of the foregoing resolutions, signed by the chairman, be forwarded to the Colonial Treasurer and all the members of the Parliament, and that a committee be appointed by this meeting to draw up a petition on the matter to be submitted to the Legislative Assembly, such committee to consist of Messrs Fowler, Nixon, Starkey and the mover</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Queenslander</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 2 May 1885 p.685, reported:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A Correspondent kindly forwards us the following account of a numerously attended meeting of timber getters and other persons engaged in the timber trade, which was held at the Tallebudgera Hotel, Tallebudgera, on Saturday the 18<sup>th</sup> April, to consider the new timber regulations. <strong>Mr Tobin</strong> being called to the chair, addressed the meeting, and explained that it had been called for the purpose of obtaining the opinion of the district upon the new regulations. Mr J. Midgley, after addressing the meeting proposed the following resolution:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em>That, in the opinion of this meeting, the new timber regulations are most unjust and oppressive, and also impracticable, and will, if attempted to be carried out, prove disastrous to the timber industries of the colony.<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The resolution was seconded by Mr Andrews, and it was carried unanimously. The chairman read a letter which he had received from Mr Eden, timber merchant, expressing his regret at not being able to attend the meeting, and stating strongly his opinion of the injury likely to be done to the timber trade by the new regulations and proposed the following resolution:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em>That a copy of the proceedings of this meeting be forwarded to E. J., Stevens, esq., M.L.A. for presentation to the Minister for Lands.<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The resolution as carried unanimously.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></strong></i> (Fri 13 Feb 1880 p.3 and Sat 21 Feb 1880 p.6) reported the weekly meeting of the Irish Famine Relief Committee held<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in the Town Hall. Among a long list of subscribers: </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From Mr. S. Tobin, forwarding £7.6s.6d collected by him at Tallebudgera, and enclosing a list of subscribers. He personally donated £1.1.0. while son Master J.C. Tobin donated 10s.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1881 he became a member of the Agricultural and Pastoral Society of Sth QLD.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i> Sat 17 January 1880 p2: Tobin advertised:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>FOUND</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>There has been running on my enclosed land for some time a dark Bay or Brown Gelding, branded CD on near shoulder, short tail, the two hind fetlocks white.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>The owner can have him by paying agistment and advertisement.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>STEPHEN TOBIN</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Tallebudgera 13th January 1880</i></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Unnamed photo in family album, thought to be Stephen Tobin</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Tallebudgera Post Office<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobin was appointed the first receiving officer for the QLD Postal Department in 1872, and the first Post Master in 1878. The small wooden heritage listed post office at Tallebudgera is thought to have been built by Stephen between 1873 and 1878 on his land, which included a number of surveyed roads or tracks including Trees Road. Its location was also a change over point for the <strong>Cobb and Co Coaches</strong> on the main stock route between NSW and QLD. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Is stephen in this photo?</strong></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Is the woman on the right his daughter Mary Tobin who was Post Mistress in 1889?</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The former Tallebudgera Post Office is one of the oldest and one of the few remaining timber post office buildings in QLD. It consisted of a single room and verandah.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> There is no documentary evidence that the Post Office was ever owned by the Government and the size suggests it was privately owned and built, and as it was built on his land, it would suggest that Stephen Tobin built it. When appointed as the first Post Master at Tallebudgera for 1878 he was paid a base salary of 12 pound per annum. In 1879 he secured the mail contract for the delivery of mail between Nerang Creek, Mudgeraba, Tallebudgera and Murwillumbah twice weekly for a period of two years, for which he was paid 120 pounds p.a.</span></span><br />
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), 6 Dec 1879 p3</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">He relinquished the position in 1880, probably due to his advancing age, and his decision to change careers and become a publican at Nerang. However, the <i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness </span></i>(Beenleigh) Sat 6 May <b>1882</b> p3, in a description of the area: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Adjoining (the school) is <b>the store and post-office</b>, <b>kept by Mrs and Miss Tobin,</b> and they appear to have a good stock of goods on hand. </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Whether this meant that Mary Tobin and one of her daughters had stayed in Tallebudgera while her husband and other children had moved to Nerang, or whether they travelled from Nerang daily to run the store and post office, is unclear.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Their son Stephen William Tobin was Post Master from March until December 1887, when Mrs K. Grear took over, and Tobin’s daughter Mary was appointed Post and Telegraph Mistress in September 1889 and again in 1893, was paid an annual salary of 20 pound, and was the only staff member of the office. She was replaced in 1894. By then her parents had moved back to NSW.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin's Post Office at Tallebudgera in late 1890's</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">(possibly Tobin's house to the left)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin's Post Office today (at No. 17 Trees Road- see map previous chapter)</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1884 Tobin subdivided his holding into a series of allotments fronting onto Trees Road- these were surveyed and sold, including the post office and police barracks.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(The Gold Coast Council purchased the heritage building for $90,000 and spent $</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">30,000 restoring it. It is now on the Heritage Register and can be seen in the main street of Tallebudgera.)</span><br />
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In 2011, the University of Queensland and the City of Gold Coast's Office of the City Architect and Heritage conducted an excavation on the vacant block of land next to the Post Office, and over 800 building-related artifacts, including brick, nails etc., and 562 domestic artifacts were discovered, including clay tobacco pipes, glass stoppers and pieces of alcohol and medicine bottles. Whether these all relate to the residents who built dwellings on the plots subdivided and sold by Stephen Tobin in the early 1880's, or whether any of these items could have come from the Tobin's first house before they moved to their hotel after selling this land, is uncertain. As the Post Master, one would think that Tobin's house would have been in close proximity to the post office. As to the discovery of clay tobacco pipes, remember the journalist who wrote in <i>The Queenslander </i>(1 August 1874 p.7), when describing his stay at Tobin's accommodation house, saying, "<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I again pause to make a remark, which is this- that one strong objection to Tobin’s is the bad tobacco he smokes; and I hope if he sees this that he will immediately sack the man he deals with, and grow his own." </i></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobin’s first hotel, The Royal Mail Hotel<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1880, Tobin applied for a “Country Publican’s License” for the “Royal Mail Hotel” at Nerang a few miles from Tallebudgera, a 4 bedroom accommodation house with 2 sitting rooms. The <em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></strong></em> Sat 22 May 1880 p.6 reported:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Beenleigh monthly licensing court sat on the 11<sup>th</sup> instant. The P.M. with Messrs Savage, Gibson and Watt, JJ.P., were on the bench. An application for the transfer of B. Cockerill’s license at Nerang to Mr S. Tobin was granted.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> </span><em style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></strong></em><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> Wed 14 April 1880 p.5- Application for Publican’s License for the Royal Mail Hotel</span></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), Sat 17 April 1880 p2</b></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), Sat 15 May 1880 p3</b></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), 21 May 1881 p1</b></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), 21 April 1883 p3- Annual Licence Renewal</b></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Royal Mail Hotel (property of Benjamin Cockerill, but leased to Tobin) had two sitting rooms and five bedrooms, exclusive of those required for the use of the family.</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i> (Beenleigh) Sat 22 May 1880 p3 had an article which mentioned Tobin's new hotel in Nerang:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <i>"From our own Correspondent";</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Our little town was thrown into a state of great excitement last Saturday night by a lot of young larrikins removing almost everything they could that was not either too heavy or too hot for them. And then, not satisfied with this piece of mischief, they let out all the water from the tanks of the <b>Royal Hotel</b>, leaving mine host without that necessary article of domestic use. Several other grand tricks were played about the place.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>I must not emit to mention that mine host of the Royal Hotel is now in full swing. As a caterer for the public I think <b>Mr Tobin</b> will take a high rank. Every accommodation and attention is being paid to put the place in order, and it will be found a great retreat for the sportsman or the man of business seeking a quiet nice place on the sylvan banks of the Nerang whereat to spend a little time. The place is well worthy of a call, and Mr Tobin has the hearty good wishes of all the residents down south for his success.</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A journalist using the pseudonym ‘Raven’ wrote an article “<i>Ramblings in Queensland- From The Tweed to Nerang Creek” </i>(<strong><span style="color: blue;"><i>Australian Town and Country Journal</i>,</span></strong> Sat 17 Dec 1881 p26), in which he described: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">A few yards further is a bridge over a deep gully: this we cross, and are in the township of Nerang; a quarter of an hour later and the festive board provided at the Royal Mail Hotel monopolises all my attention. Nerang has a population of about 200, supports two hotels- the Royal Mail being kept by Mr Stephen Tobin, an old acquaintance of yours, Mr Editor, and a well-known man down Kiama way, where he was formerly alderman.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">One of the community meetings was held in ‘Tobin’s Music Hall’. This would appear to have been part of the hotel. Another meeting was held "at host Tobin's hall" for the purpose of forming a race committee, with Charles Philpott Esq. being voted to the chair. (The Tobins and Philpott's would be allied by marriage)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In December 1880, Tobin's daughters Mary and Elizabeth were called to give evidence against a patron who passed a forged cheque at their bar. (<i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i> Sat 11 Dec 1880 p2. Both stated they were single women residing with their father at the Royal Hotel Nerang.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Logan Witness Sat 21 January 1882 p4 had an article <b>Ramblings in QLD from the Tweed to Nerang</b>, which described, in part:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>A bridge spans Nerang Creek: this we cross, and are in the township of Nerang; a quarter of an hour later and the festive board provided at the <b>Royal Mail Hotel</b> monopolises all my attention. </i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Nerang is the head of navigation of the creek, being a distance of 16 miles from its mouth. It has a population of about 200, supports two hotels- the <b>Royal Mail being kept by Mr Stephen Tobin,</b> an old acquaintance of yours, Mr Editor, and a well-known man down Kiama way, when he was formerly alderman- three stores, butcher, blacksmith., and wheelwright and saddlers. There are rather a handsome court-house and police barracks, post and telegraph offices, Church of England, visited once a month by a parson; Wesleyan chapel, a public school with an average attendance of 40, public wharf and warehouse provided by the Government, a recreation ground of 12 acres, and on the other side of the river, a racecourse. Cobb and Co. run a daily coach to and from Brisbane..... </i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>This is a grand stretch of country for a railway, and I did not wonder that there is a cry for a railway to the Tweed, which would tap the trade of all the rivers on the route, and take their produce to its legitimate market, Brisbane. There is no doubt, however, that it would throw open large tracts of some of the richest agricultural land in the world, land almost perfectly useless at present on account of the difficulty encountered in getting produce to market. A great many of the early settlers on the Tallebudgera and Mudgeeraba Creeks, after having cleared their land at great expense, had eventually to let it run to grass on account of this great difficulty of transit. Almost every settler on these two creeks- and they number over 200- hails from the southern district of N.S.Wales. They all brought a certain amount of capital with them, and, what is better still, long experience, and some brought what is better than all in a new country, viz. large and robust families.</i></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A report of the <b>Nerang Ploughing Match</b> was reported in the <i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i> on Sat 18 March 1882 p3;</span></span><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Last Friday was a grand gala day at Nerang. The committee having been fortunate enough to be well supported in their endeavours to promote and get up a good ploughing match. The day was very favourable for the workmen and the horses, it being rather cloudy and not over close. Between 70 and 80 people attended. The competition was very close and spirited. </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After the match was over, people began to wend their way towards the Nerang township, and especially towards <b>Tobin's Royal Hotel,</b> where a grand supper was provided. After spending some time in preliminary arrangement, at about 8 o'clock a large number of people sat down to an excellent spread in the Music Hall, etc. Mr Hinchcliffe proposed a toast of "The Host". It was a good many years since he first crossed the Nerang Creek, and it was a good while since he was last there, but he believed <b>Mr Tobin</b> was at Tallebudgera then, When Mr Tobin was farming at Tallebudgera everybody knew him a right good sort of a man, and when he travelled to town they all knew him on the road to be the same. (Cheers) They had sat down to an entertainment which he could say was hardly equalled in Beenleigh or Brisbane, and, but very seldom surpassed. They had all enjoyed themselves, they had had a grand day and before parting they must assist him in the toast of the Host (Loud Cheers)</span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><b>Mr Tobin ,</b> in thanking Mr Hinchcliffe for the kind manner in which he had spoken of himself said that he was very glad to have the honour of their company and promised that he would always try to do his duty to the public. (Cheers).</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>The company then were enlivened by songs, further toasts, and many humourous anecdotes till about 12 o'clock. A ball in the music hall lasted much later, and everything passed off in a most successful manner.</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <b>Southport v Nerang Cricket boys match</b> was held at Nerang in March 1882<i> (</i><span style="color: blue; font-style: italic;">Logan Witness, </span><i>25 March 1882 p2):</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>The Southport teams was thus thrashed by a club eleven for the fist time, and our boys were doubly proud of their victory. A first-class dinner was discussed at <b>Host Tobins';</b> and the ball which followed was the most successful we have had for a long time.</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following advertisement appeared in the <span style="color: blue;"><i>Logan Witness</i></span>, Saturday 12 January 1884 p3:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A John Ryan, contractor from Southport applied for and took over the licence and lease in March 1884 (<span style="color: blue;"><i>Logan Witness,</i></span> Sat 8 March 1884 p2).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This did not prove to be good business venture for Ryan as by January 1885, John Ryan was declared insolvent (<i><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier </span></i>Thurs 8 January 1885 p8).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness </span></i>Sat 31 January 1885 p2: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>In the Matter of J<b>OHN RYAN, of Nerang</b>, in the Colony of QLD, <b>Licensed Publican</b>, an Insolvent. Theodore Lenneberg, Southport, Storekeeper, has been appointed Trustee of the property of the Insolvent.</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An Old Resident of Nerang wrote to the Editor of the <span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span><i> </i>(Sat 7 February 1885 p3):</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Closing an Old Hotel</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Sir- There is some talk of closing the Royal Mail Hotel Nerang. It is to be hoped the Licensing Bench will think better of it, as a very great injustice would be done to a very old and much respected resident, Mr B. Cockerill, who has been unfortunate in getting an unsuitable tenant that has not looked after his business properly; but not that Mr Cockerill has already commenced to thoroughly renovate the hotel, and will for the future be more careful in his choice of a future occupant, I am sure the universal voice of the people of this district would be- "Give old Ben a chance."</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the <span style="color: blue;"><i>Brisbane Courier </i></span>Tues 7 April 1885 p8, an advertisement appeared for the:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Insolvent Estate of John Ryan, Nerang Creek. The LEASE, LICENSE, FURNITURE AND GOODWILL OF THE ROYAL MAIL HOTEL, NERANG CREEK. etc. Ten Years lease guaranteed to good tenant. Tenders to be sent in not later than the 28th March.</i></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Tallebudgera Hotel<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In April 1884, (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></strong>,</i> 12 April 1884 p.6), in a report on <b>Tallebudgera:</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr Tobin, late of the Royal Hotel Nerang, is about to put up a large hotel.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The report from <b><i>TALLEBUDGERA, (From our own correspondent), </i></b>was written by a local, possibly Tobin himself. It revealed that he had subdivided his block in the centre of the township and was selling the blocks, including one to the Government for the Police Barracks (marked Police Reserve on the maps):</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>As you do not seem to have a regular correspondent from this place, perhaps a few notes occasionally from my pen may not come amiss. </i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Ours is a very quiet little community, but since the advent of Cobb's coach daily the traffic through to NSW has been considerable.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>The Government neglected to reserve a township here in the early days of selection, but I hear of some private land in the centre of the settlement being cut up into building sites on speculation </i>(viz. Tobin's). <i>The Government have already purchased a block, and tenders have been accepted for building police barracks and lockup thereon.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Mr Tobin, late of the Royal Hotel, Nerang, is about to put up a large hotel, and there is a great deal of talk about a sawmill being shortly erected; the wonder is that the latter had not been done long since, there being such quantities of good timber available that such an enterprise would be certain to prove remunerative to the mill-owner and the district at large. The present good price for pine seems to have given an impetus to timber-getting in that direction, and a considerable quantity is being drawn in the log to Nerang water. We are looking forward confidently to the time when the railway will run through our midst and diffuse great and widespread benefit. Some of our "knowing ones" predict that the time is not far distant.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Contrasted with reports from other places, this district has no cause to complain of the manner in which the clerk of the weather has treated us latterly, as we had some very fine rains early in March, with occasional refreshing showers since. Water is now plentiful, and the fields are beautifully green.</i></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In May, the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></em></b> (Tues 13 May 1884 p.6) reported:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Work will soon commence on the Tallebudgera Road to the border, in connection with the Government grant for that purpose. Mr S. Tobin, late of the Royal Mail Hotel here, is putting up commodious hotel premises at Tallebudgera, on the main coach road.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobin built the small Tallebudgera Hotel, with 4 bedrooms and 4 sitting rooms and opened it late in 1884.</span></span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness </i>(Beenleigh), 1 March 1884 p.2</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), Sat 4 Oct 1884 p2</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i>, Sat 13 December 1884 p2- reported:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">TALLEBUDGERA- We are glad to see Mr S. Tobin of Tallebudgera invite all his old friends and customers to his house-warming next Friday evening the 19th Inst. Mr Tobin is an old resident of the southern portion of our district well known for his kind and genial heartedness on the road, and to all strangers visiting his hostelry, and we are sure everyone will be heartlily welcome. 'Tis a pity the weather is so hot for a long journey or we should feel inclined to travel all the way to Tallebudgera to do honour to our old friend on the occasion. But we hope those nearer will not fail to put in an appearance and let us have a good account of the enjoyment.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">The Queensland Figaro</span></strong> </span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Sat 20 Dec 1884 p.14 announced: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">S. Tobin of Tallebudgera, has opened his new pub and was to give a house-warming there tonight. Tobin is well-known on the road, and makes everybody heartily welcome</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An advertisement in the <b><u><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></u></b> Sat 13 Dec 1884 p2, had: <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong> Tallebudgera Hotel and street in 1894</strong></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizeWeyBQPdktmljtXmPZRt-ecyNGdj6yLTn_vrRlaXGBZVBSAoOOepVGvrooW1XngSou4dCsK3C4CFRVNrxEN8iKyxMWeXMIJPqRYA7jHzeD8wsgc7f0A_lQkd9J_O839Ce5lHe_sjHFE/s1600/Tallebudgera+Township+c+1904-+The+hotel+shown+may+have+been+the+'Victoria'..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="398" psa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizeWeyBQPdktmljtXmPZRt-ecyNGdj6yLTn_vrRlaXGBZVBSAoOOepVGvrooW1XngSou4dCsK3C4CFRVNrxEN8iKyxMWeXMIJPqRYA7jHzeD8wsgc7f0A_lQkd9J_O839Ce5lHe_sjHFE/s640/Tallebudgera+Township+c+1904-+The+hotel+shown+may+have+been+the+'Victoria'..jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tallebudgera township<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>c.1904 . The hotel shown may have been called the ‘Victoria’, the new name for the Tallebudgera Hotel.<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong style="color: blue; font-style: italic;">The Logan Witness </strong>Sat 17 January 1885 p.3 reported on Tallebudgera (From our own Correspondent):</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Saturday was a gala day for the children here, the teacher, Mr Duggan, going to a great deal of trouble to provide a day's amusement for them during the Christmas vacation. They had all the usual sport-running, jumping, swings, etc., a plentiful repast, spread in the shade of trees, and a Christmas tree, on which there was a present for every scholar. At the close of the day, <b>Mr Tobin distributed the special prizes,</b> saying a few words of encouragement to each fortunate recipient, and called for three cheers for Mr and Mrs Duggan, which were heartily given by young and old. </i></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Works on our much needed bridge have been at a standstill for a month past, but tenders are now called for its erection, and we may hope to see it completed shortly. Much inconvenience has been felt by passengers in the coach at high tides.</i></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>The new police quarters are growing apace, and give quite a look of importance to our quiet little settlement.</i></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i>Our cricketers are busy practising. They meet the Coomera team here on Monday, and on the Monday following go to Point Danger, Tweed, to play a friendly game there. They look forward to a pleasant holiday if the weather if favourable, as the ride along the beach is always invigorating, and to anyone with an eye for the sublime, the scenery at Coolangatta is charming.</i></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Queenslander</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 14 Feb 1885 p.245- A Correspondent’s report from the Tweed:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The meandering and zig-zag road, from the Upper Tweed to Tallebudgera is now in fine condition for an enjoyable ride on horseback, and the Tallebudgera is to be bridged not far from the new hotel erected by Mr. Tobin, and travelers from the South are beginning to avail themselves of increased facilities by coming on for Brisbane in increasing numbers- a movement to be a good deal augmented soon by the opening of the Beenleigh railway.</span></span></i><br />
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <span style="color: blue;"><i><b>Logan Witness</b></i></span> Sat 21 August 1886 p3 reported on a Banquet held for local elected government representative Mr Stevens MLA, during which a toast was proposed to the Army and Navy, giving us an insight into Tobin's time in the army:</span></span></span><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dr Geoghegan proposed a toast to “The Navy and Army”-(laughter)- whilst the English army was the most insignificant in Europe, the British Navy was the greatest in the world. He drew an amusing and ludicrous picture of the Southport Volunteers marching out to meet an enemy when loud calls for Mr Tobin were made.</span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><b>Mr S. Tobin</b>, said he thought his friend was a little astray as to the precedence of the two services. The Army preceded the Navy on all occasions. (Cheers) It was all very well for a bit of a sailor boy to blow about fighting when they know they had their heads safely jammed behind 15 or 18 inches of armor plate, but he could boast of that service that went to fight sword in hand and man to man- (Cheers) without any plating but their red jackets. (Cheers) In the <b>Sikh war of 1848,</b> he was an able bodied soldier, and was ordered out to India under <b>Lord Gough</b>, where they made short work of Shere Ali, Mere Ali and a lot of ‘Alis” (Cheers) He had been no drawing room soldier; but was in the ranks and fought through a frightful war in a bad climate. (Cheers)</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em>Now for a little chat about my present home. Tallebudgera, so called by the aboriginals and being interpreted, means Talla (fish) budgera (good), thus it reads Fishgood. The name is very appropriate as the river is literally swarming with fish of every variety. This river is very similar to the Mudgeraba, as it is ever and anon running from springs in the Macpherson Ranges. The water is always beautifully cool and as clear as crystal. This river empties itself into the ocean about two miles from the township. The industry here is timber getting. There is very little farming done here. I often wonder there are not more farmers settled here because the land has a richness of fertility unsurpassable in any part of the colony. In a fair season the land will return from 80 to 200 bushels of maize to the acre, and in the worst of seasons the yield amounts to 40 bushels, which is worth 4s.6d. per bushel. But the population comprises the real good old sort of timber-getters, and it matters not where you meet them, at their homes, or in the scrub, their first request is almost invariably “come and have a feed, old man,” and in every way they are a good natured class of men. They make plenty of money, and consequently are always happy. In a day’s ride through the dense tropical scrub I have often met forty bullock drivers, all drawing logs down to the ariver, in order to raft them top the sea, when they are then towed to Brisbane. There are vast quantities of pine, beach and cedar growing here, and in many cases the timber has enormous dimensions. <o:p></o:p></em></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em>Now, as I have clearly shown that the industry here is timber-getting and farming, <strong>I have nothing more to do but invite anybody who may ever travel as far as Southport, just to take a ride as far as Tallebudgera and stay a week at Mr Stephen Tobin’s hotel, and I’m sure they could not meet with a more obliging host and hostess than the landlord and landlady, who spare no trouble in taking their guests into the beautiful dense tropical scrub, in which grow magnificent ferns of all kinds, lawyer canes, and midgen canes. Wild fruits of every description, raspberries, gooseberries, strawberries, passion fruit, oranges and lemons grow all through the scrub in profusion. A great many residents of Brisbane annually visit this place for the sole purpose of botacizing</strong>. Hundreds of trees covered with golden fruit are to be seen everywhere. Yet strange to say none of the settlers attempt to make a living by the production of oranges, though the land is well adapted for it.<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobin's foray into property speculation appears to have failed dismally and the following court case was reported in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander, </i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">and may have been related to Tobin's monetary problems:<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Queenslander</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 26 March 1887 p504<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">IN the SUPREME COURT of QUEENSLAND<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">No. 319 of 1887<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr Justice Harding<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Between SCOTT, DAWSON and STEWART, Plaintiffs,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">And STEPHEN TOBIN, Defendant<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Wednesday the 16<sup>th</sup> Day of March 1887<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Upon hearing the Solicitor for the abovenamed Plaintiffs, and upon reading the affidavit of William Henry Bell, sworn and filed herein on the Sixteenth day of March instant, it is ordered that service of a copy of this Order and of a copy of the Writ of Summons in this action, by sending the name by prepaid post letter addressed to the abovenamed Defendant, and to the Wife of the said Defendant at Tallebudgera, and advertising a copy of the Order once in the “Government Gazette,” Logan paper, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Queenslander</i>, and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Week,</i> shall be good and sufficient service of the Writ.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dated this Eighteenth day of March 1887.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">GEORGE R. HARDING, J.J. OHARHAR WOOD , Associate<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Chambers H.J.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In August 1887, Tobin's land, including the land he had subdivided for private sale, and stock were put up for auction, with his son-in-law Dr. Karl Rommies acting as his attorney- <i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i> Sat 13 August 1887 p2</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen advertised his hotel for sale in October 1887. It failed to attract a buyer, and Tobin’s son took over the license. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Northern Star Lismore</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 22 Oct 1887 p4- Advertisement<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">FOR SALE at TALLEBUDGERA<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>To be sold immediately, by the Proprietor, his Licensed HOTEL.</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Also Stock-in-Trade and Furniture, and 663 acres of splendid scrub and forest land, in one block, or in farms to suit purchasers. The land is subdivided into paddocks by two-railed fences, and laid down in artificial grasses; it has a frontage of over one mile to the Tallebudgera Creek (fresh water).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This district is known as the Illawarra of Queensland. The Brisbane Tweed Railway, now in course of construction, will run through the property. The Hotel is a first-class new building, 68 by 26 ft., with two verandahs of 8 ft., good new kitchen, stables, &c. The whole will be sold, as the proprietor is leaving the district.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">TERMS- One-fourth Cash; balance in 1,2 and 3 years, bearing interest of 8 per cent. Apply to the Proprietor Stephen Tobin, at the Tallebudgera Hotel, who will give every information to intending purchasers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">STEPHEN TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Proprietor<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen did not leave Tallebudgera but would appear to have transferred his licence to his son, John Conway Tobin, who extended the hotel in 1888, calling it ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Victoria</i>’, and transferred the license to his brother-in-law Adolph George Poulsen the following year. It is uncertain how long Poulsen retained the license as his son Theodore was born in Tallebudgera in 1890 and his daughter Myra was born at Lismore in 1892. Adolph, a Danish immigrant (who arrived at Mackay in 1882, where he lived for 3 years before moving to Southport), had married Stephen Tobin’s daughter, Katherine, in 1886. Daughters Marjorie and Eileen were born in 1887 and 1888 respectively. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the 24<sup>th</sup> May 1887, Queen Victoria’s birthday, the whole district celebrated the “Tallebudgera Sports”, at which, Adolph Poulsen, a concert trained violinist, provided the music. After 4 years in Lismore, where their remaining two children were born, Myra b.1892 and Raimond b.1894, Adolph and Katherine moved to Sydney where he played in the Sydney Orchestra and taught at the Conservatorium of Music. His wife Katherine died of pneumonia in 1901 leaving Adolph with five young children to raise.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An amusing, albeit rather obscure article was written in the <span style="color: blue;"><i>Queensland Figaro and Punch</i></span>, Sat 7 April 1888 p.22S, about the state of the new bridge which had collapsed:</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfiz9fa0KRr_stD9UQdQxzr8gWk96E22gcAyJ3byTtubaBILy1M1Hh4Oc0DQc8cU8PPtXr1MjWOJ7XjbzKUgqPgVdzB9H93nc2mOVA1FoXYgq_Aj4kAajgpUdcBSMrEoOtCCknzfYzXKc/s1600/QLD+Figaro+&+Punch+Sat+7+April+1888+p22S-+bridge+broken-+Daddy+Tobin.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfiz9fa0KRr_stD9UQdQxzr8gWk96E22gcAyJ3byTtubaBILy1M1Hh4Oc0DQc8cU8PPtXr1MjWOJ7XjbzKUgqPgVdzB9H93nc2mOVA1FoXYgq_Aj4kAajgpUdcBSMrEoOtCCknzfYzXKc/s1600/QLD+Figaro+&+Punch+Sat+7+April+1888+p22S-+bridge+broken-+Daddy+Tobin.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></i> Sat 6 Feb 1886 p220, gave a favourable report from '<i>A Correspondent from Tallebudgera</i>' about the bridge which was officially opened 13 November 1885:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Things are looking up considerably at Tallebudgera. Now that the main road to the border is in working order, I believe it is the intention of Cobb and Co. to send a daily coach through to the Tweed. The bridge over the creek, which was completed some time ago, is a first class affair, and a very great convenience to all.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Something must have happened for the bridge to deteriorate so badly in less than three years.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>QLD Figaro and Punch</strong></span></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 20 Oct 1888<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Ball at Tallebdugera<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Notwithstanding the boisterous weather and incessant rain which has prevailed during the last three or four days, the plain and fancy dress ball, tendered by the Tallebudgera bachelors to their friends, on Friday evening, 12<sup>th</sup> inst., was a decided success. Undaunted by wind and rain, not to mention boggy roads, the fair sex and their admirers mustered to the extent of some 25 or 30 couple, and a well-arranged programme of 25 dances was so thoroughly enjoyed and appreciated that half-a-dozen extras had to be added, and the entertainment was not broken up until the sun would have gilded the horizon, had he been permitted by the clouds. Mrs Dwyer’s well-known hall had been tastefully decorated with flags, ferns, &c., for the occasion, and <strong>the music was supplied by Messrs Skott and Poulsen, of Southport, deserves special mentio</strong>n, and gave unqualified satisfaction. At 12 o’clock, a substantial cold collation was partaken of, which was served in Mrs Dwyer’s customary creditable style. The fancy costumes were all sell chosen and appropriate, and their respective characters excellently sustained. Among the most noteworthy were those of <strong>Miss Alice Tobin, as Maritana (an opera), Miss Lily Tobin, Fairy Queen; Mr J.C. Tobin, Royal Midshipman; Mr S. Tobin, Mounted Trooper; Mr D. Guinea, jockey</strong>; etc. These local entertainments are becoming so popular that our esteemed hostess will no doubt soon find it to her advantage to enlarge her hall. The present gathering consisted almost entirely of local friends, and had not the inclemency of the weather prevented a number of guests from the surrounding district from attending, our present accommodation would have been found very limited.</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: blue;"><em>The Brisbane Courier</em></span></strong> Mon 7 May 1888 p.6</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ALBERT</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr Castles addressed the electors of Albert at Tallebudgera on Wednesday evening in the State School. There was a large attendance, the chair being taken by <strong>Mr Stephen Tobin</strong>. Mr Castles spoke for some time upon the Land Act of 1884, approving of the part relating to grazing farms and the homestead provisions. He condemned the principle of perpetual leasing and said he considered that injury would be done to settlement and to the introduction of the best kind of immigrants owing to the high price asked for the land in fee simple. He looked upon the Act as a financial failure and hoped that such amendments would be introduced as would facilitate settlement. The royalty upon timber and protection of the timber industry, the Chinese question, the Naval Defence Bill, continuation of the subsidy to divisional boards, federation, railway resumption, law reform, payment of members, water conservation, and other questions of interest were treated in a way that received approbation of the audience. Mr Fowler moved and Mr Anderson seconded,- "That Mr Castles is a fit and proper person to represent the Albert electorate", which was carried without one dissentient. This is the first vote of confidence which has been given to any candidate at Tallebudgera.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>S</b></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>IR HENRY NORMAN, Governor of QLD, visited Tallebudgera in 1891</b> (<em><strong><span style="color: blue;">The</span></strong> <span style="color: blue;"><strong>Queenslander</strong></span></em><span style="color: blue;"><strong> </strong></span>Sat 25 July 1891 p150):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">TALLEBUDGERA, July 14<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Our sleepy little town was excited last week, when it became known that Sir H.W. Norman would pass through it on his way to the Tweed River. At an early hour the townspeople busied themselves in erecting an arch of evergreens opposite the hotel at which his Excellency purposed having lunch. Flags were hoisted in carious directions, and at the hour appointed for the arrival of the vice-regal party the State school children were marched by their teacher to the place where the distinguished visitor would alight. On the arrival of the party cheers were given for him, and the children sang “God Save the Queen”, The Governor was accompanied by his aide-de-camp and Mr W. Stephens M.L.A. Mr Tobin, on behalf of the townspeople, spoke a few appropriate words of welcome, and wished the vice-regal party a safe and pleasant journey. His Excellency thanked them for their kind reception, and after an hour’s rest, during which luncheon was partaken of, the party left Tallebudgera for Murwillumbah. It was a lovely clear day, and the party expressed </span>themselves enchanted with the magnificent scenery between the two border towns.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span abp="2163">An article in the </span><i abp="2164">Freeman's Journal </i><span abp="2165">(Sydney- Saturday 19 December 1896 p.28) stated that <span abp="2166"><i>Stephen carried with him </i><b abp="2167" style="font-style: italic;">credentials from Sir Henry Norman (then Governor of Queensland) with whose regiment he served in India.</b><span abp="2167"> And in</span></span></span><span abp="2153"><span abp="2154"> a statement Stephen Tobin made in 1897, he said he was “<i abp="2155"><b abp="2156">for years</b> <b abp="2157">Sergeant in the British Army</b></i><b abp="2158">”</b> (</span></span><i abp="2159">The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta</i><span abp="2160">), Sat. 28 August 1897)</span><span abp="2161">. </span></span><br />
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In <b>1889,</b> there were 66 selectors on the Currumbin and Tallebudgera, of which there were 60 'homesteads'. A large number of them <b>signed a<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> petition to the Railways Department</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> for the proposed train rail route to be routed through their district and that would make </span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">'land available for 60 more families</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">', and that </span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">'running it though an agricultural and thickly settled district like Tallebudgera could be adding another mainstay to the backbone of the colony</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">', rather than using '</span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">the coastal route for the sole purpose of accommodating a few gentlemen and property-owners there'</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">. The following are the selectors from Tallebudgera who signed the petition. along with their acreages (Railways Department, Construction of Nerang-Tweed Heads line [QSA A/8937, file 1]; and </span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">Southern Queensland Bulletin</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> 2 March 1889 p.2):</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">P.C. Cox 640; Oskar Tommison 160; __ Smith 160; James Hately 160; C.W.; Cox 320;<b> Dr Rommeis 250 (Tobin's son-in-law)</b>; __Petche 320; Nelson Reids 160; Washington Walters 160; William Andrews 520; John Roseman 320; James Leonard 120; William Arrell 106; William Dolan 546; Samuel Andrews 3,200; Henry Gripski 80; John Andrews 260; R.W. Hardy 160; _-Smith 160; William Borthwick 160; James Hately Sr 160; William Lamb 160; Henry Johnston 120; George Mellon 80; Thomas Dolan 80; Redmond Weedon 320; Frederick Fowler 530; Patrick Leonard 450; <b>Stephen Tobin 465</b>; James Moylan 106; James Dolan 220; Mrs J. Dwyer 80; William Simpson 200; Thomas Buck 160.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A rare mention of Mary Tobin in the newspapers- <i><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></i> Sat 5 Sept 1891 p437:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In <b>1892</b>, Stephen and Mary left Tallebudgera and went back to NSW. The ‘<em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier’</span></strong></em> of 27 October 1892 p5, reported “<i>general and wide-felt regret is expressed at the proposed departure from Tallebudgera of one of the pioneers of that district Mr Stephen Tobin who is leaving for NSW. A farewell banquet is to take place at Tallebudgera on Monday evening 7th November at which the member for the district (Mr Plunkett) has consented to reside.”</i><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>The </i></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;"><i><span style="color: blue;">Logan Witness</span></i> (Beenleigh), Saturday 12 November 1892 p3 reported the banquet celebrations:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;"><b>TALLEBUDGERA</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;"><b>A Banquet was given to Mr Stephen Tobin on Monday Evening by the residents of Tallebudgera,</b> amongst whom he has lived for twenty-two years. The member for the district, Mr Plunkett, occupied the chair, with the guest of the evening on his right-hand and Mr Castles upon his left, and amongst the gathering were visitors from Mudgereeba, Nerang, The Tweed, Beenleigh, and Currumbin. Apologies were read from Wm Stephens MLA and Mr P. Leonard. After full justice had been done to the splendid repast prepared by Mrs Dwyer.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">The Chairman, after proposing the usual loyal toasts gave the toast of the evening.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">"<b>Our Guest- Mr Stephen Tobin".</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">He said he was glad to be present <b>to do honour to a colonist of Mr Tobin's stamp, and sorry that the occasion was one to bid him goodbye, as he was a man the district would miss- being always prominent in taking part in anything which was for the benefit of the district- </b>and he wished him prosperity and success in whatever part of the colonies he intended to reside.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;"><b>Mr Tobin, in replying, said there must be something wrong when men like himself who had come to the colony with youth, strength, energy, and a little money, had to go away as he was doing after spending the best twenty-two years of his life and being unsuccessful. He thanked them heartily, and especially those who had come from a distance to do him honour- an honour many greater men than himself could not have commanded. The exhibition of kindly regard would be remembered by him as long as he lived.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">In proposing the toast of "The Parliament of Queensland", coupled with the name of Mr Thomas Plumkett, Mr Samuel Andrews said he could not praise the present Parliament nor any of the preceding ones, as their district never had a fair share of the expenditure of public money. Ten years ago they had been promised a railway, but as yet it only came as far as Nerang- some 15 miles distant. He did not blame their member for that as he believed that gentleman had done his best for them.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">Mr Plunkett then replied.....</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">Mr Tobin proposed prosperity to 'Tallebudgera, Mudgereeba and Nerang', coupled with the names of Messrs Samuel and Isaac Andrews, John Veivers, A Wilson, and S. Joseph, who suitably responded.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">Mr Joseph briefly thanked them for the way in which they had received the toast, and said it would give him great pleasure to welcome Mr Tobin back amongst them.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="text-align: center;">Mr Wm Castles, in responding to the toast was cordially received, and said that he regretted the occasion of their meeting that evening, and he must reiterate the words of the chairman by stating that<b> the district could ill-afford the loss of such a man as Mr Tobin. He had known their guest over twenty years and had frequently enjoyed his hospitality during that time, for his hospitality and open-handedness was known to all who travelled in the district. The expression of their guest "that there must be something wrong in the country where men of energy, industry and perseverance, had to retire from the struggle beaten,' after being on the land for more than twenty years required more than passing consideration.</b> He thought that a great deal of the cause was attributable to the Governments of past years neglecting an industry upon which the prosperity of the country rested. They had allowed older colonies to undersell its own farmers at their own doors while they were struggling through the experimental stage if ascertaining what could be successfully produced, seldom getting a full crop of anything owing to climatic influences, but undersold in what little they had to offer. He unhesitatingly said that if the small amount of protection which had been granted by Parliament during this session had been enacted five years ago, the industry would be in a much more prosperous conditions, and the guest of the evening, instead of leaving them in the way he was doing, would now be a prosperous and thriving colonist. Another difficulty settlers had to contend against was the miserably inefficient manner in which the railways of the colony were conducted. We had imported and appointed Commissioners at an aggregate salary of </span>£6,000 per annum, who were doing their level best to inconvenience the settlers along the lines of railways. Fancy the ability required to run two of the most necessary trains per day without allowing them to stop at Oxenford, Pimpama or Holmview. Only farmers reside at those places.....Now these trains were really a necessity to the settlers in those localities, but being only farmers they had to be content with what was doled out to them .......He thanked them for the kind manner in which they had drunk the toast of the visitors.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Further toasts)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Songs were then given by the Misses Hardy, McArthur and Messrs Richardson, Hately, Schuster and McArthur, and after the health of the chairman and vice-chairman had been drunk a most successful banquet was brought to a close.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen and Mary joined their daughter Louisa who had been posted to Mulgoa west of Sydney as Post Mistress<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a few years earlier.<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">According to Stephen's obituary in <i><span style="color: blue; font-weight: bold;">The Catholic Press</span> (</i>Sydney) Thursday 3 November 1904 p.4 (see next chapter for full obituary), Stephen "<b><i>had settled in Queensland, where he prospered, but owing to the bank crisis, was ultimately a heavy loser.</i>"</b> The 1893 banking crisis occurred in Australia when several of the commercial banks of the colonies within Australia collapsed. During the 1880's, there was a speculative boom in the Australian property market. The commercial banks lent heavily but following the asset price collapse of 1888, companies that had borrowed money started to declare bankruptcy. The full banking crisis became apparent when the Federal Bank failed on 30 June 1893, and by 17 May, eleven commercial banks had suspended trading which was a significant proportion of the Australian financial system. There were no government provided deposit guarantees at this time and this led to a severe depression during the 1890's, far worse than the 1930's in Australia. It would appear that Stephen must have lost most of his investments during the crisis. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1894, an application appeared in the ‘<em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier’</span></strong></em> 26 Feb 1894, p8, which showed that Stephen was living at Mulgoa, Penrith NSW. It was an application for “Transmission by Death” of three parcels of land at Smithfield and nearby Cooktown in northern QLD. His sister Ellen Koch had died in 1878, and the Statute of limitations for Claims for the estate was due in a couple of months. He was described in “Particulars of Will” as “Heir-at-law”. The section under Name of Claimant described: “<em>Stephen Tobin of Tallebudgera near Nerang, farmer, but at present of Mulgoa, Penrith, NSW</em>.” Stephen also inherited a parcel of land at Dalby, where the Koch’s had lived in the 1860’s and early 1870’s before moving to Cooktown. (see chapter on sister Ellen Tobin.) This must have been done to recover some of Stephen's financial losses.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <b><span style="color: blue;">Telegraph</span></b> <b>(Brisbane), Mon 18 March 1895 p8:</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>NOTICE is hereby given that I intend, on or after the 6th day of April, 1895, in conformity with the provisions of the 95th section of the Real Property Act of 1861, to dispense with the production of Deed of Grant No 5433, in the <b>name of Ellen Koch</b>, for <b>allotment 11 of section 66, town of Dalby,</b> and more particularly described in Register Book volume 13, folio 198, and will then permit a <b>Transmission by Death</b>, No 285271, <b>in favour of Stephen Tobin</b>, of all the land aforesaid, to be entered upon the duplicate of the said Deed of Grant in the Register Book, volume and folio aforesaid, which entry will complete the registration of the said Transmission by death; the aid original Deed of Grant having been either destroyed, lost or mislaid.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>J.O. Bourne, Registrar of Titles</i></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Brisbane March 16, 1895</i></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Guinea followed her brother to Tallebudgera with her husband Timothy and his son Daniel Guinea (see separate chapter for details). The Tobin and Guinea families have been honoured with local streets in Tallebudgera named after them</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>see Tobin Way and Guinea's Creek Roads</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1896, Stephen and Mary decided to follow the majority of their children who had made their homes in Perth. The editor of the <i>Freeman's Journal,</i> who obviously knew Stephen well, wrote the following piece about his departure for the west.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Freeman's Journal,</i> Sat. 19 December 1896 p.28:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Two excellent books recommended for those interested in the history and development of the Nerang, Tallebudgera and Mudgereeba areas to the NSW border, were written by local historian <b>Robert Longhurst:</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Nerang Shire: A History to 1949</i>, Albert Shire Council 1994<o:p></o:p></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><b> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tallebudgera to the Tweed</i>, Gold Coast City Council 1996</span></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">© B.A. Butler<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Email contact: <span style="color: red;">butler1802 @ hotmail.com (no spaces)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span><br />
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<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Useful source of information on Tallebudgera: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Centenary Tallebudgera Presbyterian/Uniting Church 1888-1988, </i>compiled by Reg & Heather Schuster, 1988<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, </i>and a reprint of the<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Brief History of the Tallebudgera School and the District 1877-1988, </i>compiled by John Elliott 1977</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Former Post Office Tallebudgera-</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">An Assessment of Cultural Significance</i>, produced by Allom Lovell Architects Brisbane for the Gold Coast Council.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-91802956610388883732013-03-14T21:20:00.000-07:002016-07-05T21:16:12.273-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:4- Settlement in Tallebudgera, QLD<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Settlement in Tallebudgera, QLD <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></b></span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen and Mary became pioneers of the Tallebudgera Valley (QLD) when it was opened up for selection on 4 October 1869, and Stephen selected two blocks of 80 acres and 320 acres. The following year he discovered that although the blocks he chose, Portion 16 and 20, appeared suitable, he wrote “when the wet season of 1870 set in, it was quite evident that the land was too low and not at all fit for agriculture or even healthy to live on. Still I tried and the wet season of that year confirmed my impressions of 1870.” He forfeited the land in 1872. Meanwhile in May 1870 he chose another block of 80 acres, Portion 21, which would become the heart of Tallebudgera township. In 1874 he purchased a further 400 acres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Brisbane Courier</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Wed 6 Oct 1869 p3 also has <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Crown Land Selection lists</b>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Of 58 applications the following were accepted:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Homestead Selections <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Agricultural Land</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen Tobin 40 acres Gilston (Parish of)</b>, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pastoral Land 80 acres Gilston</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tallebudgera on the Gold Coast, QLD</span></strong></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIsFxK6i4BglmCsYfvrjXOlQaIhNjuYT4fdTefM1HfUbw_61b1TaHrbSIo2TWBjiitumClVGocu-07z_0hJrq2339UTErxMehIjqnPBs_IDeX1J6KHzI92J-w_veZY943nqKpTFuGPD7Q/s1600/Land+allocation+map+1a+Tallebudgera-+Tobin+4+blocks.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" psa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIsFxK6i4BglmCsYfvrjXOlQaIhNjuYT4fdTefM1HfUbw_61b1TaHrbSIo2TWBjiitumClVGocu-07z_0hJrq2339UTErxMehIjqnPBs_IDeX1J6KHzI92J-w_veZY943nqKpTFuGPD7Q/s640/Land+allocation+map+1a+Tallebudgera-+Tobin+4+blocks.gif" width="538" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Land Allocation Map for Tallebuggera</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Allocation of Land Selections- NB. there are three blocks assigned to Tobin on the left of the map and one in the main township</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Taken from </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>https://www.dnrm.qld.gov.au/mapping-data/maps/research-history/maps-plans</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(cad-map-40chn-moreton-ag2-sh16-south-1929)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">NB in this map, Tobin's block to the north of his other two blocks (see above map) has been subdivided and now owned by Leonard, Moylan and W. Dolan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1852, the first landholder in the Burleigh Heads district was Alfred William Compigne from the Beaudesert area. His properties were known as Dungoogie and Murry Jerry runs. He later sold to William Ducket White and the lands were amalgamated and advertised for sale under one title, Talli Station.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">James Cockerill leased the Dungogie run for five years with his brothers Benjamin and Edward, but forfeited it in 1869, selecting other land in Nerang. This became the Tobin land. The first applicant for land in Tallebudgera was William Dolan from Gerringong NSW, and others who selected land that year were James Dolan, Patrick Flynn and Stephen Tobin.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Tobin’s first selection in Nerang soon proved unsuitable during the wet season, so he forfeited his original selection and chose another selection in what is now the centre of the township of Tallebudgera, his land bordering Tallebudgera Creek. He would increase his holding to 465 acres on which he grew corn and maize.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Queenslander</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Sat 10 Oct 1874 p2.:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">At the Beenleigh Land Commissioner’s Court, on Friday October 2, the following selections were approved of:<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">CONDITIONAL PURCHASES<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">S. Tobin, 400 acres pastoral, Tallebuggera<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen and his family moved there as of 1 June 1870, and called his property <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mayberry</i>. Whether this name had its origin from the Berry Estate is not known. Robert Longhurst suggests that the word <i>Maberry </i>was taken as the local Aboriginal name for the locality.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen encouraged several families from the Kiama district to take up land grants, including his sister Catherine and her husband Timothy Guinea who arrived in 1871. His remaining four children would be born there. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On arrival in Queensland, the family’s supplies were carried by dray for about 12 miles from a wharf near the junction of Little Tallebudgera Creek and the Nerang River. This was a rough track first blazed by timber-getters in the area. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Typical Tallebudgera house in 1870 (this house belonging to the Veivers family)</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1871, 39 people were living at Tallebudgera Creek. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Brisbane Courier</i> Fri 2 Aug 1872 p.2: IMPORTS- on the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">City of Brisbane</i> which sailed from Sydney, among other importers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">1 bag of seed, S. Tobin.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">By mid 1872, there were over 60 residents in the area between Tallebudgera Creek and Currumbin Creek, described as ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hardworking, struggling but prosperous</i>.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander</i> 14 May 1872)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Farming at Tallebudgera</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1873, an advertisement was placed in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander</i> Sat 6 Dec 1873 p.1:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I HEREBY give 90 days Notice as required by Law, to S. Tobin, to ERECT his portion of the hardwood Three-rail FENCE dividing our farms; and also to assist at the Two-rail Fence on the same line when called on; or, __ Etc. <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">JOHN DWYER, Tallebuggera Creek<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">To S. Tobin, Tallebuggera Creek<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Queenslander </span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sat 25 Oct 1873 p.9 had an advert:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In the Estate of Wm Schmich- The insolvent was present. A debt was proved by Mr Boag of Beenleigh, representing Stephen Tobin, for £26.19.2d. Wearing apparel was allowed, the sitting closed.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen has been described by author Robert Longhurst, as an “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">especially literate and forthright man who figured as a prominent community leader</i>”. He was also described as a “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">determined lobbyist, an articulate man who obviously had previous experience in rattling the bones of government. Tobin early on assumed a commanding role .</i>”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The area was initially spelt <em>'Tallebuggera',</em> which Stephen and other residents found offensive and vulgar. It is noticeable that Tobin’s letters to the Government consistently spelt it Tallebudgera, and the spelling was officially changed in 1876.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen Tobin initially began clearing his land, felling the valuable cedar timber which had to be transported to Burleigh Heads where there was a saw pit. He employed local Aborigines to help clear his land for a shilling a day and rations. A visiting journalist described in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander, </i>20 September, 1973, p.10<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, ‘Country News by Mail- The Nerang River and the Southern Border’.</i>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I was at his place on a Sunday morning, when three of the blackfellows employed by him came up to get their breakfast, after which they asked for their Sabbath clothes, which were kept at the house for safety. Then they had a bath in the creek, and subsequently took a walk through the settlement dressed out most swellishly and the admired of all beholders. When they first engaged with Mr Tobin, they insisted upon having their wages every Saturday, but finding that their money could be depended upon they left it in his hands requesting him to buy clothing for them on his next visit to Brisbane, and saying that if they kept the cash themselves it would burn a hole in their pockets, and then they would be taking a trip to the next public house and spending it in drink, and making fools of themselves after the fashion of many white bushmen. </span></i><br />
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Timber fellers at Tallebudgera</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em>The Brisbane Courier</em> Tues 13 Aug 1878 p.5: <i>The Season in the Southern Coast District:<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">At Tallebudgera, Messrs Andrews, Dwyer, Tobin, and others have got fine land and rich paddocks. Messrs Andrew make a good deal of cheese, and find ready sale for it at 9d. per lb. wholesale.</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen organised petitions in 1871 for a marine survey of the Tallebudgera Creek, the only suitable route for transporting the cedar felled in the area. He stated that a raft of cedar logs had been successfully rafted down the creek and towed to Brisbane, but a second attempt had failed with the raft breaking up and the logs scattered around Burleigh Heads. This route was fraught with problems and logs of cedar lined the banks of the river for decades. The farmers also desperately needed a quicker and more reliable route for transporting fresh produce such as grain. The survey was carried out by Commander Heath, Brisbane’s Port Master who concluded that the creek was not suitable as a navigable stream.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1875 Stephen wrote a letter to the Editor of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander</i>, (Sat 16 Oct 1875 p.17) about the dangers of Nerang Creek Heads to shipping and suggesting the Government appoint a local, Richard Gardiner, as a pilot:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Journalists for “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander</i>” described their travels through the area in the mid 1870’s, and made note of Tobin’s welcoming and convivial nature:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">We had heard at Nerang of an accommodation-house at Tallebuggera- Mr Tobin’s. Let no one, however, imagine for a moment that Tobin keeps an accommodation-house or professes to do so. He finds himself sometimes in the presence of benighted travellers who want rest and accommodation, and to oblige them and discommode himself, like a genial-hearted Irishman as he is, he does the best he can for them for a consideration, and trusts to sharp appetites and weary bodies to do the rest. I again pause to make a remark, which is this- that one strong objection to Tobin’s is the bad tobacco he smokes; and I hope if he sees this that he will immediately sack the man he deals with, and grow his own.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title="">[iv]</a></span></b></span></span></span><o:p></o:p></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></span></span></span></span></i>
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">From the beginning, Stephen Tobin was politically active. The "<b><i><span style="color: blue;">Queenslander</span></i>"</b>, <b>Saturday 22 November 1873 p4:</b></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>LOGAN ELECTORATE</i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>Meetings of the following Committees to secure the Return of P.H. Hind, Esq., will be held every Evening during the ensuing week before polling day, Friday next, 28th instant, viz:-</i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><i>TALLEBUDGERA- <b>Stephen Tobin, chairman;</b> Sam W. Gray Esq, J.P., Joshua Bray, Francis McIntrye, John Johnson, and Samuel Andrews.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">(Also committees listed for Beenleigh, Loganholm, Yatala, Alberton, Pimpama Island, Pimpama, Coomera, Nerang and Waterford.)</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Foundation of Tallebudgera State School</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tallebudgera State School 1894</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beginning in mid 1872, as secretary of the School Committee, Tobin began lobbying for a school. He wrote several letters urging<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the government to supply a school and teacher for the quickly growing community of Tallebudgera. The<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>residents were employing a Mr Coll as a teacher in a rented house which became a private school. (Tallebudgera- Brief History of its School and the District p1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">On 18<sup>th</sup> June 1872 Stephen Tobin wrote to Charles Coxen:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I write you this note to remind you of the promise you made me the other day at Beenleigh, viz; That you would see Mr McDonell relative to the School at this place, and that you would use your influence with him to make our school a vested one. I hope you will do all you can to forward the matter. I do not ask you in an official way but as a friend of the rising generation. I may here mention that our creek is increasing in population every month and all the newcomers are coming from the right place viz, New South Wales, they are all old Colonists and come here at their own expense. I believe in a very short time we shall have all the hard working settlers of the Tweed, as they cannot get a living on that River owing to our Tariff and the heavy freight to Sydney, as I told you we have promises for forty pounds. We have 27 children with every prospect of doubling that number at no remote day and as you know well, we are all hard up for cash, being scarcely able to pay our rent with the low prices, I hope you will endeavour to persuade Mr McDonell to recommend us to the Board for a little assistance to build our school. I have done all that man could do and after all I could raise no more than forty pounds and some of that I fear cannot be paid as the people’s hearts are better than their means. I know the Board have power to aid poor people. I firmly believe there never was a case presented to the Board more deserving their support than ours.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Hoping you will use your own influence on our behalf and that you will let me know the result at your earliest convenience.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>I am Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span>Your Humble Servant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span>Stephen Tobin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">P.S. I forgot to inform you that Mr John Dwyer has given 2 acres of land out of his selection as a site for the school. Mr Tully, Under Secretary, has it from Dwyer in writing so he will be able to give Mr McDonell all information about the land.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">On 5<sup>th</sup> August 1872, a further letter to the Board of Education again stressed the need for a school and outlined problems regarding the raising of money towards the cost of erection of the building:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">R. MacDonnell Esq..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Secretary and General Inspector,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I am in receipt of your letter of 17<sup>th</sup> ultimo informing me that Mr Charles Coxen forwarded to your office two letters addressed to him by me in reference to the establishment of a vested school at this Creek and stating that the Board is always willing to give favourable consideration to my proposal for the establishment of a school and you request me to address myself directly to your office.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In reply I beg to state<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for the information of the Board that the settlers on this creek requested me in April last to call a public meeting of the farmers for the purpose of raising funds for the erection of a school, I done so by advertisement in the “Queenslander” and the meeting took place on the 11<sup>th</sup> May last at which meeting a Treasurer, Secretary and Local Patrons were duly elected. A farmer named John Dwyer gave a grant of two acres of land as a site for the proposed school. The Secretary appointed at the meeting was authorised (by resolution) to write to the Under Secretary of lands requesting him to withdraw two acres of land from J. Dwyer’s selection and make it over to the local Board with the view of having it vested in the Board of Education, the land has been withdrawn from Dwyer, and is now ready to be vested in the Board, no doubt, Mr Tully has communicate to your office on the matter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">When I spoke to you last March in your office about this place, the population did not warrant the people to ask for a vested school, but since then the settlement is steadily advancing, the Government are opening new roads, repairing old ones, and building substantial bridges, this will be the means of inducing people to settle, and no doubt the proposed school will add to the above ten fold.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In January 1870 there was not a soul living on this creek, and in the short space of 2 ½ years we now muster over 70 of that number 27 are children under 15 years and I have good authority in stating that in a few weeks a man with 9 children will be added to our present number.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">At the public meeting we got promises of aid to the amount of forty pounds but the low prices ruling for the only produce we raise, viz. maize, I am afraid we cannot collect much over half that sum. There is not a single man of wealth on the creek, everyone of us have nothing but what we make of our maize and when I state that we have to pay 5 pence per bushel land carriage and 4 pence per bushel water carriage, and the highest price for maize in Brisbane being only 2/6 to 2/8 per Bushel (wholesale). The Board will see that it is out of our power to contribute much towards the proposed building.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I have laid our case honestly before you and earnestly request that you will do all you can in getting the Board to give us a vested school, and grant us aid in its erection and furniture.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>I am Sir Your very Humble Servant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>Stephen Tobin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>Secretary Tallebudgera School</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fund raising efforts continued and by February 1875, ₤40. 4s. 6d had been subscribed by 32 subscribers and a further ₤20 6s. being promised by<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a further 18. Land was donated by John Dwyer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">A Government officer was sent from Brisbane to inspect the proposed site for the school and wrote his report on the 25<sup>th</sup> March 1875. He was not pleased by the outcome, and it would appear neither was Stephen Tobin:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I beg respectfully to inform you of the result of my journey to Tallebudgera. I arrived at Nerang Creek by coach on Tuesday evening, no convenience from thence, I started on foot for Tallebudgera next morning Wednesday, March 17<sup>th</sup> 1875. Country flooded, arrived at Beenona Creek that evening, unable to proceed. Path stopped; stayed thereon Thursday, on that evening I sent a note by a man passing on horseback to Mr Tobin who is the Secretary of the School Committee requesting him to send me a conveyance, started next morning Friday, met Postman on the road who had brought a horse for me, by which I proceeded to Mr Tobin’s. He (Tobin) was away from home when I arrived there. I delivered my letter to him that evening. He called a meeting of the School Committee the next evening Saturday, the opinion expressed by them was, that the money was subscribed for a Primary School, and they would not spend a sixpence in erecting a Provisional School, unless the Board would allow them the amount so paid out, as part of the sum collected, for the Primary School. Mr Tobin said he would apply to the Board again, and asked me if I would wait until an answer was received from them, I agreed to do so, the next day he told me that he had further considered the matter and that he did not think it would be any use my waiting, as there was no likelihood of their getting the use of a Building suitable for a Provisional School. They were not disposed to spend any of the money collected for the Primary School, and he having a large family had no convenience for my staying. I asked him to give me a letter to you, he did so and I posted it, and started on my return to Brisbane on Monday the 22<sup>nd</sup> Inst., rain incessant and the Country flooded, the party who had offered the Building of the Provisional School was gone to Brisbane, and the Committee were not disposed to lay out any money in repairing it, and they also said they would not pay School Fees, I explained to them the Terms on which they could have a Provisional School, but they would not entertain them. I have thus been put to considerable expense and have had a toilsome journey to no purpose.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>Your most Respectful and Obedient Servant,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sam Goodwin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">On the 24<sup>th</sup> August a formal application for the establishment of a new school was lodged with the Department of Public Instruction. The schedule of children likely to attend the proposed new school included 5 children in the Dolan family, 2 named Gripschi, 2 named Dwyer, 4 named Guinea (Timothy and Catherine’s children), 7 named Leonard, 3 named Cockerill, 5 named Laver, 5 named Andrews and 8 children of Stephen Tobin, totalling 41.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The ‘<em>Brisbane Courier’</em> 10 August 1877 p7, Public Notices had a list of Subscribers to Tallebudgera School Premises who have paid up- Total ₤63.13.6. Stephen Tobin one of the largest contributors, subscribing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>₤3. (One subscribed ₤6, and one ₤4, and two for ₤3, the remainder for less.) It concluded; </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><em>The School Committee beg to lend their warmest thanks to the above gentlemen who so liberally subscribed and assisted them.<o:p></o:p></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><em>Stephen Tobin<o:p></o:p></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(Notably many of the subscribers came from elsewhere than Tallebudgera, including Brisbane, and two MP’s)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1876 the government wrote giving official approval for a school on the basis that the community contribute towards the cost of erecting the building. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">16<sup>th</sup> November 1876;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Memo,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Secretary for Public Instruction has approved of a State School at Tallebudgera, provided one fifth of the cost of the buildings is locally subscribed. For this purpose the sum of ₤75 at least is required, and ₤80 should be raised if possible.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">If any difficulty is found in raising funds this year, I would suggest that a School-room and outhouse only be erected in the first instance, and that the School be carried on for a time, as a Provisional School. As soon as the necessary funds were raised, and the attendance justified it, it could be converted into a State School. In this case the Committee would have to arrange for quarters for a Teacher and the School buildings would be leased to them at a nominal rent. If any building is available for a School-room, a Residence could be first built on the same terms. The site I find has been duly gazetted,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>C. Graham,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Under Secretary.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sufficient funds had been raised locally to finance one fifth of the building costs. The school was described by the first inspector as “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">exceeding well finished and pleasing to the eye</i>”.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">A school teacher was appointed to the school in October 1877 and the Government officially opened the state school in 1878.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen wrote a letter of appreciation, and polite reprimand, to C. J. Graham Esq.:<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Your telegram dated 6<sup>th</sup> Inst. I received at noon this day.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I am glad to inform you that we had information from a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">private source </b>that the Teacher for our school would arrive at Nerang this day, so that a Spring Cart was sent for the Master and his family, at daybreak, his luggage will also be here tonight, by bullock dray.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I am glad we had this information, as without it the Teacher would have to stay at Nerang this night.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Allow one here, Sir, to tender you my earnest thanks for your kindness in providing a Teacher for Tallebudgera so soon after completion of school Premises.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>I am Sir, Your Very Humble Servant,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen Tobin, Secretary</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">P.S. Sir, I would reply by Telegram, but I am 15 miles from Nerang, the nearest Telegram Station.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> S.T.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The shingle-roofed and pit-sawn timber school opened on 17<sup>th</sup> October 1877 with the 31 yr old Mr Richard Bamford<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(arrived from England 1872) as teacher and by the 15<sup>th</sup> November he had enrolled 33 pupils, seven of whom were Tobins.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Following the opening of the school, Stephen Tobin relinquished his position of Secretary of the School Committee to Mr John Dwyer.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><i><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander, </span></i>in November 1877, reported on progress at Tallebudgera saying:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><i>Two events have occurred here lately which I though you would hear of form an abler pen than mine. First, the State School was opened by the teacher, Mr R.E. Bamford, on Wedenesday 17th October, when thirty children of both sexes put in an appearance. Some of them never saw a schoolmaster before and were naturally shy and timid, but Mr Bamford's kindness soon banished all fear of him, and I am glad to state that the teacher is well satisfied with the progress made by the children in so short a time; etc</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">On 5<sup>th</sup> July 1878, the school Committee inspected the school and the Secretary, John Dwyer, informed the Department of Public Instruction, that,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i>“The Children present a lively, clean, and healthy appearance, are apparently very diligent in their studies and attentive to their Teacher, whose kindness and courtesy has entirely won the love and esteem of them all.”</i><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Accommodation House<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Initially farming maize, and not one to miss a financial opportunity, in 1873 Tobin converted part of his dwelling into an accommodation house for travelers passing through from Nerang to the border. The building was destroyed by fire in 1877, the same year he opened the township’s first general store.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Two articles about the fledgling Tallebudgera community were written in “The Queenslander” in 1873 and 1874. They give an interesting insight into Tobin’s character, and the lifestyle of the small community.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Queenslander<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">20 September 1973 page 10<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">COUNTRY NEWS BY MAIL<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Nerang River and the Southern Border<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Next there is Tallebudgera Creek- only one of the four creeks on which there has been much settlement. Here there are located nine families and ten farmers who are unmarried or have not their families with them making a total of 61 persons. They hold amongst them an area of 3354 acres of which 250 are cultivated. On the 1<sup>st</sup> January 1870 there was not one solitary farm on the creek. Agriculture is yet in its primitive stage here; there is not a plough in the whole settlement, the work of subduing the soil being done by the axe and hoe only. Several of the aboriginal blacks are employed to help in clearing the land; they receive a shilling a day and rations, but although very useful for a time, cannot be depended upon for a continuance.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Travellers on their way South can get accommodation at <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin’s house.</b> He has about 400 acres of land, 30 of which were under corn last season; but as he has been clearing fresh ground, he expects to have a crop of 80 acres next year. I was at his place on a Sunday morning, when three of the blackfellows employed by him came up to get their breakfast, after which they asked for their Sabbath clothes, which were kept at the house for safety. Then they had a bath in the creek, and subsequently took a walk through the settlement dressed out most swellishly and the admired of all beholders. When they first engaged with Mr Tobin, they insisted upon having their wages every Saturday, but finding that their money could be depended upon they left it in his hands requesting him to buy clothing for them on his next visit to Brisbane, and saying that if they kept the cash themselves it would burn a hole in their pockets, and then they would be taking a trip to the next public house and spending it in drink, and making fools of themselves after the fashion of many white bushmen. The nine families on the creek are well endowed with children, with “liberty to add to their numbers”- a privilege which apparently is freely exercised. One of the farmers has seven olive branches. But these children are growing up without the benefit of a school and even were their fathers in every case able to teach them, a man who has been wielding the axe of hoe all day in the hot sun is more inclined at night for his bed than to act as a pedagogue. With the exception of one German, the whole of the settlers are immigrants from across the border of New South Wales and a considerable proportion of them are natives of Australia. They form certainly, a useful class of settlers, and the introduction has cost the colony nothing- not even the issue of a land order. They have, therefore, some sort of right to expect that their legitimate requirements should receive a degree of consideration from the Government. The case being a special one, it would scarcely be unfair to the rest of the colony to establish a public school here, even although the number of children attending might at first be lower than what the regulations of the Board of Education require. But, beyond all doubt, these 61 persons have a thorough right to demand that the road running through their settlement, which is one of the main roads between Brisbane and NSW, should be made passable in ordinary weather. It was a perfect slough when I saw it, and after a day or two’s rain, traffic by vehicles becomes impossible. In one place the farmers have cut a new line of their own labor, but that will soon become as bad as that which it has superseded. At the outside, only a couple of miles or so in the way of farming and draining the Main Brisbane and Tweed-road and the track to the coast, by which produce is taken to market, will be required. Frost is almost entirely unknown in this climate, and the settlers would grow sugar cane, with every chance of profit, were there a mill on the creek.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">From the cultivated part of Tallebudgera to the mouth of the creek is Burleigh Head a distance of 5 miles. A small sum would put the road in good order, and it affords the only route by which produce can be taken to market. A couple of swamps have to be crossed, which could be made passable by a small outlay. A new line of road over ridges has been surveyed, but nothing has been done to make it, beyond surveying, which is probably as well, because an unnecessary expenditure would have to be incurred. Owing to the badness of a part of the present road, along the creek, although that along the coast is naturally all that could be desired, a charge of 5 pence per bushel is made by teamsters for taking maize to the heads of Nerang River, whence it is shipped to Brisbane at a cost of 12 shillings per ton. The Tallebudgera Creek is not included amongst the navigable waters of the southern coast, for although entitled for a portion of its course to be called a river, it has a bar at its mouth where the water is shallow. Some time back a raft of cedar logs was successfully taken down the creek and towed to Brisbane, but a second attempt resulted in failure, through some mismanagement, the raft broke up, and ever since then the Tallebudgera has ceased to be considered navigable. (Writer continues about Burleigh Head.)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Queenslander<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1 August 1874 page 7<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">OUT FOR A HOLIDAY II<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Burleigh Head has been surveyed and laid out for a township by the Government. The land has been taken up but yet no road has been made to it. Burleigh Head, with thy magnificent beach, with thy rugged bluff, with thy glorious hills and dales, I must leave thee for ever!<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I find I have been spooning over this really charming spot; but in order to disarm prejudice, let me say that although the land has been surveyed and sold, I do not own a perch- more’s the pity. However, I must on. From Burleigh Head back to Cockerill’s is 18 miles; and if others who may visit this spot will stay lingering as long at the “pebbly strand” as I did, they will want accommodation and refreshments, without having to ride that distance for it. We had heard at Nerang of an accommodation-house at Tallebuggera- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin’s</b>. Then back from Burleigh Head across Reedy Creek, leaving Reedy Creek to the left and following the marked Government road to Tallebuggera Creek, across Tallebuggera, and Tobin’s is on the summit of a hill to the right, about 5 minutes’ ride. Let no one, however, imagine for a moment that Tobin keeps an accommodation-house or professes to do so. He finds himself sometimes in the presence of benighted travellers who want rest and accommodation, and to oblige them and discommode himself, like a genial-hearted Irishman as he is, he does the best he can for them for a consideration, and trusts to sharp appetites and weary bodies to do the rest. I again pause to make a remark, which is this- <b>that one strong objection to Tobin’s is the bad tobacco he smokes; and I hope if he sees this that he will immediately sack the man he deals with, and grow his own.</b><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Enterprise and energy is a marked feature of the residents of Mudgeereba and Tallebuggera. At the latter place alone, within the last four years, about 600 acres of scrub land have been cleared and made ready for the plough.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Between Mudgeereba and Tallebuggera there are located about 136 souls, and one great want of the district for the young folks is an itinerating schoolmaster. At the latter place from 20 to 25 children could be got together at any time. Representations, it is said in the district, have been made to the Board, but beyond the fact that a site has been reserved for a school, nothing further has been done. Can nothing be done for these bright-eyed, rosy-cheeked youngsters?<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">One has only to visit this part of the country, which is within a couple of hours ride of our Southern border at the Tweed River, to see the necessity that exists for some effort being made by the powers that be to secure the trade of the Tweed; everything there is languishing from the fact that there is no easy means of getting the produce of the district to a market.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">If something is not done speedily, many of the holdings will have to be abandoned, as men will find it more profitable to work for wages elsewhere than to raise produce, and see it waste before them.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">A visit to the district will, I am sure, be sufficient to satisfy the most sceptical. Having exceeded the fair limits allowed to a wandering scribe, I will now conclude with the wish that others may enjoy the trip as much as I did, and when they return fill up in your columns the many interesting details that I have overlooked for want of keeping notes by the way<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1873, Tallebudgera hosted the first horse race on the South Coast, and in 1877 a racecourse and cricket club opened. Tallebudgera boasted an annual race meeting from 1879, and had an enthusiastic team of cricketers who challenged teams from other nearby communities. Sports seemed to play an important part in the young community. In 1878 the first combined team of Nerang, Coomera and Tallebudgera cricketers met a Brisbane team at Nerang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1876, Tobin opened the first store in Tallebudgera, and the following year, 1877, the first Roman Catholic Church in the southern districts, (originally called "All Saints" when listed in the Brisbane Catholic Directory of 1880, and dedicated to St Malachy by 1892) with the support of Father Scortechini, a pioneering priest from Logan who visited every three months. A cemetery was established beside the church, and although the church has long gone, the cemetery on Trees Road remains (at 48-58 Trees Road). One source (goldcoast.com.au/about-gold-coast/gold-coast-history-2.html- the old Gold Coast Bulletin website) stated that Tobin donated the land, but other sources such as author and historian Robert Longhurst state that William Dolan donated the land. Maps clearly indicate that the church was built on Tobin's land. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(My grateful thanks to Susan Cokley who shared her knowledge, and maps she found showing the boundaries of Tobin's land and the exact location of St Malachy's Church). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It is known that Margaret, wife of William Dolan was responsible for the fundraising for the church. As the Dolans also came from Gerringong at around the same time, and were Irish Catholics of similar age to the Tobins, no doubt there was a long-standing close friendship between these families. Many members of the Dolan family are buried in the small historical cemetery.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(Ref: Patrick J. Tynan, <i>Pioneer Priest and Botanist: The Life Story of Benedetto Scortechini</i>, 1989 Toowoomba, pp.44-45)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><i><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></i> Sat 9 Oct 1875 p4</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tallebudgera Catholic Church in 1904</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>One of Tobin's blocks of land (No. 21) in centre of Tallebudgera township divided by Trees Road on which </b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">the positions of St Malachy's Catholic Church and Tobin's Post Office are shown.</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Maps showing lot 7 on section 21- which is St Malachy's RC Church and cemetery site</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>(courtesy of Susan Cokley)</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tobin subdivided his block <b>no. 21</b> in 1884, selling the blocks privately, including one to the Government for a police barracks and lock-up, marked on the above map as 'Police reserve'- as reported in the <i><span style="color: blue;">Brisbane Courier</span></i> Sat 12 April 1884 p.6:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>The opening of the Tallebudgera school and the Catholic Church were reported in <i><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></i> Sat 17 November 1877 p8:</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen Tobin gave a speech at the opening of the Tallebudgera Presbyterian Church in 1888 during which the Catholics were thanked for their contribution and in return Tobin acknowledged that the Protestants in the community had subscribed to the building of their Catholic Church and that one good turn deserved another, which was reported in </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: blue;">The Queenslander</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Sat 1 Sept 1888 p368: </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><b>Reminiscences of the opening of the RC Church, and old residents of Tallebudgera, were reported in 1929 in the South Coast Bulletin (Southport), Fri 2 August 1929 p8:</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Stephen's interest in the political scene continued and he was often reported as canvassing for local electoral nominees. Voting in elections was conducted at his premises.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">An advertisement in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander</i> Sat 20 Sept 1873 p4:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ELECTION RIGHTS<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">All Electors whose names are on the Roll of the LOGAN ELECTORATE are hereby notified that they can obtain their Electors’ Rights by applying at the following places:-<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beenleigh Court-house; Coomera Post Office; Nerang Creek Post Office; Mr Stephen Tobin, Tallebudgera; etc.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In September 1877, Tobin posted a Notice in the newspaper that he was making application to the Court of Petty sessions:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“for a License to enclose the road running through Selection No.122, Beenleigh district, the property of the applicant, on which road it is intended to erect swing-gates, according to the Enclosure of Roads Act of 1864.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Brisbane Courier</i> 1 Sept 1877)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1879, Tobin applied for a <i><b>Certificates of Fulfilment of Conditions</b></i> on 350 acres, which was granted on 16 August 1879:</span><br />
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), 2 August 1879 p2</b></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Logan Witness</i> (Beenleigh), 16 August 1879 p3</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(continued next chapter)</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">© B.A. Butler<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Email contact: <span style="color: red;">butler1802 @hotmail.com (no spaces)</span></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: red;"></span></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: red;"></span></span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: red;"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: black;">Link back to Introduction</span><span style="color: black;">:</span></strong></span></o:p></span></span></div>
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Useful source of information on Tallebudgera: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Centenary Tallebudgera Presbyterian/Uniting Church 1888-1988, </i>compiled by Reg & Heather Schuster, 1988<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, </i>and a reprint of the<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Brief History of the Tallebudgera School and the District 1877-1988, </i>compiled by John Elliott 1977<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Robert Longhurst, <i>Tallebudgera to the Tweed</i>, Gold Coast City Council 1996, p.40 <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Robert Longhurst, <i>Nerang Shire: A History to 1949</i>, Albert Shire Council 1994, p.62<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> The Queenslander Sat 3 June 1871 p.6- Tallebudgera Creek- G.P. Heath Commander R.N. Portmaster- Report<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Queenslander, </i>1 August 1874, p.7,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> ‘Out for a Holiday II’<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Report of the Secretary for Public Instruction, 1878, vol. 1, p.1097 (Qld State Archives)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Report of the Secretary for Public Instruction, 1878, vol. 1, p.1097 (Qld State Archives)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comTallebudgera QLD, Australia-28.1408742 153.4287332-28.252876699999998 153.2673717 -28.0288717 153.5900947tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-5913660589771377892013-03-13T21:26:00.002-07:002016-03-12T21:01:41.357-08:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:3- Settlement in Gerringong, NSW<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Settlement in the Colony of New South Wales<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Shortly after their arrival in Australia in late 1857/early 1858, the Tobin family settled in the Gerringong/Kiama farming area south of Sydney, where Stephen began farming on the Berry Estate near Gerringong and Kiama. His farm was situated on the Crooked River.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">His elder sister <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Catherine who had married Timothy Guinea</b> in Wollongong in 1845 was living at the Berry Estate by 1848 when their second daughter’s birth was registered at Gerringong. As the Guineas were well established at Gerringong by the time of Stephen’s arrival, it does suggest that Catherine encouraged her brother to emigrate to this developing nation. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Unnamed photo in family album</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Originally thought to be Mary Tobin and daughter Katherine, however, looking at their severe hairstyles and the elder woman's matron's cap, the photo would appear to date to c.1860-70, in which case they would be Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Guinea nee Tobin and either Stephen's young wife Mary Tobin nee Driscoll, or one of Catherine's daughters.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Compare with the following known photo of Catherine Guinea nee Tobin:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Seven of Stephen and Mary’s eleven children were born at Gerringong, and the rest at Tallebudgera:</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial";"><strong><u>Issue of Stephen and Mary Driscoll</u></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">1. MARY TOBIN</span></strong> was born on 26 April 1858 in Gerringong, NSW.(NSW 8026/1958). She died on 23 Dec. 1938 in North Perth, W.A. (WA 23/1938). She married ALEXANDER McPHERSON DUNCAN 8 July 1900 W.A. (WA 527/1900); At her death, she was a widow. Buried with sister Alice at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. HA No. 0807 </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">No issue.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">2. ELIZABETH (Lizzie) TOBIN</span></strong> was born in c.1860 (<em>Sydney</em> according to her marriage certificate; age calculated from death cert.). She died on 3 Aug. 1928 in Swan View, Perth, WA. (WA 68/1928). She married DR. KARL AUGUST EDWARD ROMMEIS in 1881 Qld. (QLD 1881/C691)- he died 3 Oct 1901.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Both buried Karrakatta Cemetery Perth with mother Mary Tobin, Historical Section AA, No. 0368</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: red;">Issue-</span></strong> <strong>Christian Frederick</strong> b.1882 d.1943; <strong>Mary Dorothy</strong> b. 1884 d.infancy; <strong>Stephen Edward</strong> b.1886 d.1891; <strong>Eunice Elizabeth</strong> b.1887 d.1894; <strong>Dorothy Mary</strong> b.1889 d.? m. 1915 to R. Farrar; <strong>Joyce Alice</strong> b. 1890 d.1894; <strong>Monica/Mona</strong> b. 1892 d.1972 m. 1913 William L. Hoops; <strong>Edward</strong> b/d 1896; <strong>Edward Anslem</strong> b/d 1897.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">3. LOUISA TOBIN</span></strong> was born 20 Sept 1861 in Gerringong, NSW(NSW 8278/1861). She died 7 Aug. 1931 in Bundanoon NSW (NSW 13648/1931); unmarried.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">4. ELLEN VERONICA (Nellie) TOBIN</span></strong> was born in 1863 in Gerringong, NSW (NSW 8553/1863). She died 13 Aug. 1942 in Parkerville, W.A. (WA 107/1942). Married 10 Dec. 1883 WILLIAM PHILPOTT in Brisbane QLD (QLD 1883/B8616). He died 22 Aug 1925 aged 81. Buried together Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. DA No. 0530. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Frances Mary</strong> b.1884 d.1928; <strong>Noel William</strong> b. 1886 d?; <strong>Beryl Vyvyan</strong> b.1888 d.1911; <strong>Adrian Wylde</strong> b.1890 d.1918.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">5. KATHERINE MARY TOBIN</span></strong> was born 8 April 1865 in Gerringong, NSW (NSW 9690/1865). She died on 16 Aug.1901 in Waverley, Sydney, NSW (NSW 11806/1901). She married FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN on 19 May 1886 in Brisbane QLD (QLD 1886/C959), son of Lars Poulsen and Charlotte Fredrikke Gudmundsen of Denmark. He was born 3 July 1860 in Copenhagen Denmark (Danish BDM Records online). He died 8 July 1932 in Sydney, NSW (NSW 13563/1932). </span><span style="font-family: "arial";">Buried in family grave at Waverley Cemetery- Graves No. 2281 and 2282.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Marjorie Vaughn</strong> b.1887, m. 1913 Arthur te Kloot; <strong>Eileen Beatrice</strong> b.1888, m.1924 William Spain; <strong>Theodore Sylvestor</strong> b.</span><span style="font-family: "arial";">1890 d.1965, m.1915 Maude Leydon; <strong>Myra Lillian</strong> b.1892 d.1949, m. 1916 Philip Nott; <strong>Raymond Horace</strong> b.1894, d 1922, unm.; <strong>Nellie </strong>b/d/1896</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">6. JOHN CONWAY TOBIN</span></strong> was born in 1866 Gerringong/Kiama, NSW (NSW 9637/1866). He died 10 June 1944 in Shenton Park WA (WA 1184/1944). He married 1906 ANNIE KIERSE (of Ballarat) in WA (WA 387/1906). Buried Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. KC NO. 0123</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">No issue.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">7. ALICE GABRIELLE TOBIN</span></strong> was born 20 July 1868 in Gerringong NSW (NSW 10657/1868). She died on 29 Aug. 1952 in Mt Lawley WA (WA 2107/1952). She married 12 July 1897 GEORGE NEEDOM HYDE in WA (1082/1897), son of Thomas Hyde Esq. of 'Fairview' KIlkenny Ireland. George died in Bendigo 1957 aged 90. Alice buried Karrakatta Cemetery with sister Mary, Sect. HA No. 0807.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Brian</strong> b.1897; <strong>Patricia</strong> b.c.1910.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">8. STEPHEN WILLIAM TOBIN</span></strong> was born on 23 Dec. 1870 in Queensland (probably Nerang) (QLD 1871/B12063). He died in 1924 Sth Melbourne VIC (VIC 2681/1924). He married ANN MARY AUSTIN in 1911 Victoria (VIC 9603/1911).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">No known issue.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">9. CHARLES FREDERICK TOBIN</span></strong> was born 16 May 1873 in Tallebudgera Creek, Qld (QLD 1873/C1768). He died 9 January 1925 Darwin N.T. (<em>Northern Territory Times and Gazette</em>, 9 Jan 1925, p.4). He married MARY MANFORD (aka Grace Emily Mitchell- 1877-1956) on 6 Nov. 1907 at Coolgardie WA (WA 14/1907). Mary Tobin buried Karrakatta Cemetery Sect. ZN No. 0289.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: red;">Issue</span></strong>: <strong>John Eric</strong> b.1907 at Menzies WA., d. 1979 at Northam WA, married 1945; <strong>Frederick Charles Anthony</strong> b.1910 d.1995, m. 1943 Carola Aloyisa Folly (1910-1989).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">(<em>NB. some Ancestry.com records have Charles married to Grace Emily Mitchell- </em></span><span style="font-family: "arial";"><em> all Electoral Rolls and newspaper articles name his wife as 'Mary'. However, John Eric's death record names his mother as 'Grace' and father as 'Jack', yet her burial at Karrakatta Cemetery names her as Mary, grantee: Frederick Charles Tobin.)</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">10. HERBERT PATRICK TOBIN</span></strong> was born 2 June 1875 at Tallebudgera Qld (QLD 1875/C1878). He died 17 July 1956 in Perth WA (WA 1829/1956). He married 21 Oct. 1899 EVA MADELINE MACFARLANE in WA (WA 1626/1899) She died 30 January 1933 . Buried together in family grave at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Historical Sect. AA, No. 0218A, with son Harold</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Dorothy Louise</strong> b.1900 d.1988; <strong>Alfred Herbert</strong> b.1901 d.1930; <strong>Harold Victor</strong> b.1906 d.28/10/1993 (burial Karrakatta Cemetery); <strong>Stephen William</strong> b.1913 d.22/9/1970 (aka <strong>Cedric William Tobin</strong>- see burial record of Stephen Wm at Karrakatta Cemetery); <strong>Lillian May Josephine</strong> d.?; <strong>Eva Jean</strong> d.?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">11. LILY MARGARET TOBIN</span></strong> was born 25 May 1877 in Tallebudgera Qld (QLD 1877/C3136). She died 10 Nov. 1955 in Mossvale NSW (NSW 32624/1955). She was unmarried.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <b>Guinea family</b> left the Gerringong district and moved to the Braidwood district in 1861, but would join the Tobins at Tallebudgera in 1871. The Tobins and the Guineas are listed in the Gerringong Pioneer Family Index, a history of the pioneering families of the area before 1880.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Map of Berry Estate Gerringong 1844</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: x-small;">(NB. Gray's land north of the Berry Estate)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>Tobin's land on the Berry land ('Berry 1000'-grey) on the right above the point</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Gerringong and Werri Beach from the Southern Headland</strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Gerringong farmland</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Vineyard at Gerringong through which the Crooked River runs</strong></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Berry estate<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Alexander Berry and partner Edward Wollstonecraft were granted 10,000 acres on the Shoalhaven River in 1822 which was called <em>Coolangatta,</em> and subsequently purchased several other grants which increased the size of his land to more than 40,000 acres by 1863. Initially clearing the land with convict labour, he was accused of negligence in his care of his convict servants. He lost interest in the estate and as labour became scarcer after the abolition of transportation and the beginning of the gold rushes, in the 1850’s Berry began to let farms on ‘clearing leases’ whereby tenants were given five years free rent to clear and fence their property, after which they became tenants of Berry. This began the development of the Shoalhaven District. When he died in 1873, the property passed to his brother <strong>David Berry</strong> who had previously taken over control of the estate and continued running it until his death in 1889. The town of Broughton Creek was renamed Berry following David Berry's death. In 1850 there were 36 tenants who paid 20 shillings per acre. By 1863 there were almost 300 tenants who occupied 8,650 acres and paid an aggregate rent of about £8000. These tenants included Stephen Tobin and Stephen’s sister Catherine and her husband Timothy Guinea. Berry insisted on yearly tenancies which may have inspired Stephen to look elsewhere for farming land that he could own freehold. He may have seen an advertisement for grants of land in the newly developing area at Tallebudgera in Queensland, or heard from other Kiama residents who had already made the move, and decided to try his luck.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">In 1849 a new road was cleared from Kiama to Gerringong, which had previously been just a rough track. Although gazetted as a postal town in 1829, the Governor of NSW proclaimed the site of the Village of Jerringong on 17 January 1854. When the first official post office was opened in 1857, Gerringong became the official spelling. Although, Methodist, Presbyterian and Church of England churches were built in the 1850’s, the Roman Catholic church was not built until 1882, and Catholics relied on an itinerant priest.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">In the 1850’s small vessels called at Boatharbour. Early difficulties were overcome with the fixing of mooring chains in 1863. Small cargo boats had to be loaded with the produce and taken out to sea some distance before being loaded onto the larger ships which was rather painstaking. With the help of government funding, construction of a jetty began and was eventually completed in 1884.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(Source- The Gerringong and District Historical Society <a href="http://www.gerringong-gerroa.com/history-l.htm">www.gerringong-gerroa.com/history-l.htm</a> )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Newspaper articles about Stephen Tobin</u></strong></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During his time in Gerringong, Stephen would display his strength of character and political interests. The first mention of Stephen Tobin in a long list of newspaper articles came less than two years after his arrival.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Empire</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 5 Nov 1859 p6:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An open letter to The Honourable Alexander Berry M.L.A.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dear Sir- Having observed with regret for some time past, that letters have appeared in the public print containing assertions and remarks derogatory to your character as a landlord, and a member of society, having also seen the resolutions made at a public meeting held in Sydney… together with the proceedings of various meetings in different parts of the colony emanating therefrom, called for the purpose of considering the judgments in your libel cases against the defendants etc etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">We the undersigned landholders and residents in the Shoalhaven and Gerringong districts, amongst whom will be found the names of many of your tenants, feel called upon to repel by all means in our power the foul aspersions contained in that paper, and to testify our respect for your character, and the estimation in which you are held in the district, etc<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The list of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">‘Landowners and Others’</b>, followed by a long list of ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tenants of A. Berry Esq</i></b>.’ included ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Timothy Guinea Gerringong’</i></b> followed by ‘<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Stephen Torbyn Gerringong’</i></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Alexander Berry replied publically to the numerous gentlemen who signed the Address:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I may truly say that the sentiments you have expressed have more deeply moved me than all the slanders perpetrated on my character and disseminated through the public Press. To you I am most grateful for the spontaneous expressions of your kind feelings towards me, and of the delicacy which prompted out to offer your opinions through the medium of the newspapers. Etc</span></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">In April 1863 a meeting was held in Sydney aimed at co-operating with the Dublin committee in raising funds for the erection of a monument to the memory of the great Daniel O'Connell who campaigned for Catholic Emancipation in Ireland- electoral reform such as the right to vote and the right to become Members of Parliament, tenant's rights, and economic development. His campaign eventually led to the Emancipation Act of 1829 and O'Connell's election to the Irish Parliament. When he died in 1847 he was buried in Glasnevin Cemetery Dublin beneath a tall round tower. (Notably, Stephen Tobin's father is buried in Glasnevin Cemetery, having been buried there 10 years before Daniel.) The main aim of the Sydney meeting was to gain large numbers of subscribers, with the idea that the universality of the contribution rather than the amounts raised was of prime importance to show the wide spread feeling in favour of honoring the memory of Daniel O'Connell who was such a great champion of civil and religious liberty.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Sydney Morning Herald</strong></span>,</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Sat 21 Nov 1863 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Fifth Subscription<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>to the O’Connell Monument Fund Sydney<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Collected by the Warden of the Holy Guild of St Mary and St Joseph.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">KIAMA........ </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen Tobin<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.5.0......<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen would appear to have developed a close relationship with the Berry family (NB The <em>Coolangatta</em> mentioned refers to the estate of David Berry south of Gerringong, not its namesake at the Gold Coast adjacent to the Tweed)</strong></span></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span>, </span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Thurs 1 Sept 1864 p3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">To the Editor of the Kiama Independent<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sir- I shall feel thankful if you will allow space in your widely circulated paper for the following:-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>David Berry, Esq., of Coolangatta</strong>, seeing the necessity that existed for a boat on the Crooked River, more especially in time of floods, such as we lately witnessed in this as in other parts of the colony, with his usual liberality, went to the expense of building a handsome flat bottomed boat, capable of carrying six or eight persons, neatly painted, and sent it on one of his drays from Coolangatta to the Crooked River this day (30<sup>th</sup> August) and given me charge of her, so that in future no one need be afraid of a wetting in crossing the Crooked River, as I will be most happy to accommodate anyone with a passage at a trifling expense.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I have great pleasure also, in informing you and the public, that Mr Berry has sent his men and drays, under the able superintendence of Mr. Houston, to do what the Kiama Municipal Council never did, or would do- viz., to repair the road leading down to the Crooked River.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Such conduct, sir, in my opinion deserves the thanks of the public, and cannot be too widely circulated.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I am, Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Yours respectfully,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">STEPHEN TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Gerringong<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">30<sup>th</sup> August 1864<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Thurs 3 Aug 1865 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">St<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>MARY’S<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>CATHEDRAL<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A public meeting was held in the Court-house, Kiama, for the purpose of raising funds to assist in the restoration of St Mary’s Cathedral. The meeting was scarcely so large as might have been anticipated- a circumstance attributable, no doubt, to the very short notice given.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the motion of the Rev. Father Conway, seconded by <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin</b>, Mr John Black took the chair, amid the hearty applause of the meeting.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Chairman (said) he felt the strongest sympathy with the Roman Catholic community in the loss they had sustained by the burning of their Cathedral. Yet, notwithstanding the great loss sustained by them as a body in the destruction of their place of worship, and by the community in general in losing by fire, a fine specimen of architecture, it was gratifying to observe they have risen equal to the emergency, and are resolved to replace the old building, grand as it was in architectural beauty, and its associations with the early history of the colony, as well as being identified, in the minds of all, with the remembrance of the late lamented Father Terry (cheers), who he believed was mainly instrumental, and most indefatigable in his efforts for its erection. It was gratifying, he said, to see the people are resolved that, phoenix-like, from the ashes of the old shall arise a new building, surpassing in beauty and grandeur the one which has been destroyed…..<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was moved: That the Rev. J. Conway, Sr. Nolan, Messrs. Fowler, Farraher, Fechau, Thomas and Francis McIntyre, Perkins, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tobin</b>, O’Connor, Regan, and McCaffery, be appointed a committee to canvass the district, and to resolve subscriptions for “St Mary’s Restoration Fund.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr John Hancock rose and said the charity of this kind was exemplified in the life and labors of the late Father Therry (cheers) who, with his quart-pot slung to his back, visited the district of Illawarra, and never required that the object of his charity should be of his faith. He had proved by personal experience that the charitably disposed were always the best off; and most contented and happy; and it invariably happened that those possessed of little or no charity were the most indigent in circumstances, had little enjoyment of life, and their influence for good, either in their families or the neighbourhood in which they lived, was very small indeed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The subscription was opened, the <strong>Rev. Father Conway</strong> commencing with £50.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the motion of <strong>Father Conway,</strong> seconded by <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin</b>, Mr Black left the chair, and Captain Charels being moved thereto, Father Conway in most eloquent and complimentary language proposed a vote of thanks to Mr Black for his able and sympathetic conduct of the meeting.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 17 August 1865 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">GERRINGONG<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(From our Correspondent)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">According to announcement, Mr Parkes met his constituents at the Lanterrick Hotel on Friday evening last. The long room of that spacious building was pretty well filled, and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Parkes</b> was hailed on his entrance with loud and continuous bursts of enthusiasm. Robt. Miller Esq., J.P. was in the usual form voted to the chair, and briefly introduced Mr Parkes. Mr Parkes’s speech on this occasion occupied tow hours and a half, being almost the same as those delivered by him at different places in the electorate. At its conclusion, he expressed his intention of staying at the hotel a few days, and would, if waited on by a deputation, willingly examine any local improvements requiring consideration. Mr Parkes retired amidst loud and hearty cheering.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Mr Parkes very appropriately returned thanks, making a few remarks on the duties of public men, and wishing his constituents to understand that he desired always to maintain independence in that capacity. (Cheers.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">On Saturday morning a deputation consisting of Messrs Jas. Wilson, John Perkins, sen. And jun. waited on Mr Parkes, and conducted him to the harbor. He was much pleased with the beauty and general appearance of the place, and would willingly vote for its improvement.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span>,</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Thurs 21 Dec 1865 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Shoalhaven Estate Agricultural Association</b> held a special meeting at the Lanterrick Hotel last night, when a deputation, consisting of the Secretary and three members of Committee waited on the members and Tenanty on the Gerringong portion of the Estate. Mr Robt. Armstrong was in due form voted to the chair, who after reading the advertisement convening the meeting, and offering a few necessary and appropriate remarks, called on the secretary to read the minutes of a meeting held at Shoalhaven last week, for the purpose of making definite arrangements, for conducting their coming annual exhibition. Mr Aberdeen was then called on to give some explanation of the progress and general working of the Society, which I am glad to say was so satisfactory, that a great many who had little intention of becoming members, at once paid down the fee and enrolled their names. Mr Thompson, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin</b>, and others’ expressed their anxiety to promote the interest of the Association.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span>, </span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Thurs 14 Dec 1865 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">KIAMA POLICE COURT<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tuesday Dec 11<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A number of tenders were received for preparing the electoral list for 1866-67. For the southern portion of the electorate the tender of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr S. Tobin</b>, £11.10s, and that of Mr B Timms £10 for the northern portion were accepted.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen is mentioned in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>The Sydney Morning Herald</strong></span>,</i> Sat. 19 Aug 1865 p5, at a banquet held for their locally elected Parliamentary representative, Henry Parkes:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The banquet to Mr Parkes came off on Tuesday evening last. The apartment selected for the purpose was the goods store of the Illawarra Steam Navigation Company, which had been kindly placed at the disposal of the contractor for the occasion by the Company’s agent. The room which was thirty feet in length and twenty feet in depth admitted of the introduction of three rows of tables, at which were seated a large company, most satisfactorily representing the property and intelligence of the district,</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> etc, etc. Then began the toasts to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“the health of “Our Soverign Lady”, “the Prince and Princess of Wales”, “the Governor”. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“The Army and Navy” followed, proposed by the vice-chair, responded to by Mr S. Tobin for the army </b>and Captain R. Stobo for the navy.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Part of Parkes’ speech said, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">He knew this gathering represented the district. He saw many gentlemen around him who from their character and intelligence enjoyed largely the respect of their neighbours, and who, at considerable inconvenience to themselves, had come many miles to be there that evening and he felt very sensibly the high compliment paid him in making his visit to the district the occasion of this representative gathering</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">At the end of a very long political speech, more toasts were given.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Henry Parkes was a liberal campaigner opposed to the old Colonial conservatives, who became the ‘largest figure of nineteenth century Australian politics’. In 1850 he worked as chief organizer and canvasser for John Dunmore Lang who worked for universal suffrage and the transformation of Australian colonies into a ‘Great Federal Republic’. In late 1850 he set up as editor-proprietor of the newspaper “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Empire</i>”- a newspaper destined to be the chief organ of mid-century liberalism. However, following its collapse in 1858, Parkes resigned from politics and returned to England until returning to NSW where, in January 1864 he was returned to politics at a by-election for Kiama, a seat he held until 1870. In 1866 he was appointed Colonial Secretary. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In December 1870, Parkes again collapsed into bankruptcy and resigned his seat. However, he returned to politics in the early 1872 elections, elected to the seat of Mudgee, and became premier for the first time.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sir Henry Parkes</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">nla- an 23351399-v</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">By February 1866, Stephen was himself becoming more active politically, as evidenced by several newspaper reports:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span>,</span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Thurs 8 Feb 1866 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr Perkins rose and said he had great pleasure in proposing <strong>Mr Stephen Tobin</strong> as a fit and proper person to represent the Gerringong ward in the Municipal Council of Kiama (Cheers) He believed Mr Tobin was a moist eligible candidate, and would, if elected, prove an efficient working member of the council. The united council was the guardian of the public purse, and if they abused the trust reposed in them it was right for the public to call them to account. He thought the Gerringong ward had not received justice at the hands of the council, for, while its proportion of debt was some £95, it was called upon to pay one-third of the interest and expenses of the whole. He felt pleasure in proposing Mr Tobin believing that he would honestly preform all the duties of the office in a satisfactory manner, and contend for even-handed justice.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr John McClelland had great pleasure in seconding the nomination of Mr S. Tobin believing him to be the right man in the right place.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Mr Stephen Tobin</strong> next rose, and said that he wished to give expression to his feelings for the high honor conferred upon him, but he found himself in a similar position to a countryman of his who fell into a bog, and being asked by a companion, “Are you dead, Pat?” said “No, but I’m knocked speechless.” He appreciated the honor of a seat in the Council the more, as it was unsought by him. For the retiring alderman, Mr Boyd, he had the highest respect, and would have been sorry to have opposed him; but as a principle, he believed the residences of the aldermen should be so distributed as that every portion of the ward shall have a fair chance of representation; and he would endeavor to obtain justice for that part in which he resided, consistently with the interest of the whole. The ratepayers should remember that the Council is embarrassed for want of money. Without means they could do nothing; and he would advise all to pay up at once, and give the Council something to do; and if they found they were mistaken in their choice of aldermen, supply their place with better men. He again thanked them for the proud position in which they had placed him, and trusted by a strict attention to his duties, and a due regard for the claims of all, to merit the confidence reposed in him.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span>, </span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Thurs 8 Feb 1866 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Returning-officer, after allowing ample time for the nomination of any other candidate, declared Mr J. Pike duly elected for the Kiama, <strong>Mr S. Tobin</strong> for the Gerringong, and Mr W. English for the Jamboroo wards.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>There are newspaper reports on the fortnightly meetings of the Council during 1866 in which Alderman Tobin plays a prominent part. There are too many to transcribe here.</strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></strong>, </span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">5 April 1866 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The attendance of the aldermen at each of the meetings was as follows: Alderman Black as mayor was present at all meetings of council. The attendance of the remaining members has been as hereby exhibited: Alderman Pike 5; Alderman Reford 1; Alderman Robinson 6; Alderman Gray 7; Alderman Fredericks 4; Alderman English 4; <strong>Alderman Tobin 2</strong>; Alderman Boyd (up to 6<sup>th</sup> February 4.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The annual election of aldermen, mayor, and auditors took place within the quarter. Alderman Pike and English were duly re-elected to represent the respective wards of Kiama and Jamberoo; and <strong>Mr Stephen Tobin</strong> was unanimously elected alderman for Gerringong Ward in place of Mr Adam Boyd who retired.etc<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin was instrumental in rallying the local farmers in a campaign to persuade the government to fund the construction of a jetty in Gerringong Harbor, as the following newspaper reports attest. They also indicate that Stephen was on familiar terms with Henry Parkes who was then Colonial Secretary:<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Sydney Morning Herald</span></strong> Wed 7 Feb 1866 p4<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">GERRINGONG HARBOUR<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A deputation, consisting of Mr Stephen Tobin, Mr James Wilson, Mr John McIntyre and Mr John Taylor, waited upon the Colonial Secretary, at Kiama, on Monday last. They stated that an application had been made to the Works Department for the construction of a jetty at Gerringong, and that the reply they had received was to the effect that the work was not practicable- that if the jetty were made, vessels could not be brought to it. They represented, however that a steamer had actually called at the instance, of Mr Moriarty, and that he embarked at the place where it was said steamers could not safely approach. The deputation were evidently disinclined to give up their project. Mr Parkes received the deputation cordially, and promised to take the matter into consideration.</span></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></strong>,</em>Thurs 15 March 1866 p3<em> <o:p></o:p></em></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A public Meeting of the inhabitants of Gerringong, Foxground, and Broughton Creek (now the town of Berry, renamed following the death of David Berry), will be held at Mr Lang’s Lanterrick Hotel, Gerringong, on Thursday the 22<sup>nd</sup> instant, for considering and adopting a petition to the Honorable the Secretary for Public Works, to cause a sum of money to be placed on the Estimates, for the purpose of making an approach to, and erecting a JETTY at the harbor of Gerringong. All parties interested are particularly requested to attend.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The chair to be taken at half-past seven o’clock p.m.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Signed JAMES WILSON<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">THOMAS McINTYRE<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">STEPHEN TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></strong>,</em>Thurs 29 March 1866 p2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">PUBLIC MEETING AT GERRINGONG<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As previously advertised, a public meeting was held in the large room of the Lanterrick Hotel on Thursday 22<sup>nd</sup> inst., at half-past 7 p.m. for the purpose of adopting a petition to the Minister for Public Works, praying that a sum of money be placed on the Estimates for the construction of suitable harbor accommodation at Gerringong, and the formation of the road hereto. The room was comfortably filled, over thirty persons being present, all of whom appeared to be thoroughly impressed with the necessity of harbor accommodation to secure the advancement of Gerringong, and also of the justice of their claim that these improvements should be made at the public expense….<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Mr S. Tobin</strong>, on rising, said although he felt sorry at the absence of some gentlemen whose feelings were strongly in favor of the object, and whose attendance would have added weight to the proceedings of the evening, he nevertheless was glad to see so good a company. It was a proof the people were alive to their rights and interests. Believing as he did that at a comparatively small cost the harbor could be made available for the shipping requirements of Gerringong and surrounding districts, he had ever taken a lively interest in securing to the neighbourhood those advantages to which it was justly entitled. With this view he had spoken on the subject to our present member of Parliament at his first election- now the Honorable the Colonial Secretary, and he for one was proud to be represented by a gentleman capable of filling that important office (cheers)- he (Mr Parkes) went and inspected the harbor for himself. He greatly admired the beauty of the spot, and pointed out the place he though most suitable for a jetty, &c. After making inquiries from, and admitting the desirability of harbor accommodation to those who accompanied him, he promised to give the subject his best consideration. Since that time he had corresponded with Mr Parkes on the subject, which correspondence relating as it did to the harbor in which the public were interested, he considered it no breach of confidence to read to the meeting, besides it would better explain what had been done in the matter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>(To) MR STEPHEN TOBIN<o:p></o:p></strong></span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sydney 1<sup>st</sup> Sept 1864<o:p></o:p></span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dear Sir- When I was at Gerringong you spoke to me of steps that might be adopted at small expense for improving the anchorage in the bay. I should be glad to learn from you some particulars of the traffic of the district which the requisite provision would probably direct to this point; and if you could send me in wirting what is considered necessary to be done, with a rough plan of the bay, showing the present bearings and the change in position you suggest, I will give the matter my best attention. With best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I remain, dear Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Yours truly<o:p></o:p></span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>HENRY PARKES <o:p></o:p></strong></span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In compliance with this request he (<strong>Mr Tobin</strong>) had, in concert with others similarly interested, employed Mr Surveyor Taylor to survey the harbor, and draw a plan showing its natural features, the proposed jetty, depths of harbor, &c., on receipt of which he (Mr Parkes) sent the following letter:-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Warrington South Creek<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">December 3, 1864<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dear Sir- I have to apologise to you for not acknowledging at an earlier date the receipt of your excellent plan of Gerringong Harbour. The course of public events has rendered it impossible for me to do amything in furthering your wishes for the present, but you may rest assured, I shall not lose sight of an object in which the little I Know of it has awakened a strong interest. Within a few days from the time you receive this, I shall be at Gerringong, and I shall avail myself of the opportunity to make myself well acquainted with the matter, indeed, I propose staying at Gerringong a day or two, in order thoroughly to understand the district.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Yours very truly,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">HENRY PARKES<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As intimated in the letter, Mr Parkes came a second time and inspected the harbor, and recommended that a petition from the inhabitants be addressed to the Minister for Works. Mr James Wilson and Mr Thomas McIntyre, very much to their credit, but at great personal inconvenience and loss of time, after getting the signature of every individual interested, waited with the petition on the then Minister for Works, Mr Smart, to whom they were introduced by Mr Parkes. Mr Smart, as was his wont, of course, pulled a long face, and talked about short funds, &c. (which could not be urged now the Treasury was full to overflowing) and sent the Engineer of Harbors and Rivers to inspect the harbor. Mr Moriarty came like a thief in the night. No one in the neighbourhood knew anything of his coming, and no information was asked by that gentleman from any one. The report of Mr Moriarty’s hasty inspection could only be characterized as a gross libel on the harbor and its capabilities. (Hear, hear). He condemns the harbor in which an ocean steamer lays to, while a boat is dispatched to convey him aboard. (A laugh). A copy of this report was sent down by Mr Parkes, and which for the information of those who had not seen it, and for the purpose of criticism, he would read to the meeting.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(To) H. Parkes Esq., M.P.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Department of Public Works<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sydney January 16, 1866<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sir- Referring to the petition presented by you from the inhabitants of Gerringong, ppraying that a jetty may be erected at the boat harbor at that place, I am directed to inform you that under circumstances stated in a preport which had been received from the Engineer-in-Chief for Harbors and Rivers, the Honorable Secretary for Public Works would not feel justified in applying in Parliament for funds for the erection of the jetty in question.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I have the honor to be, Sir<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Your most obedient servant<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">John Rae<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Department of Public Works,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Harbors and Rivers Branch<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">8<sup>th</sup> January 1866<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sir- In attention to the minute of the Honorable the Secretary of Public Works on the petition of the inhabitatns of Gerringong, praying that a jetty might be constructed in the harbor of Gerringong for their future accommodation and benefit, I availed myself of the earliest opportunity at which I could conveniently leave Sydney to visit the place.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Gerringong harbor- as will be seen from the accompanying plan- is a slight indentation between two precipitous ridges, on a rock-bound and dangerous piece of coast, about five miles to the southwarde of Kiama. The place is so much exposed to the south-east and north-east seas, so limited in extent, and so fringed with dangerous reefs of rocks that no vessel above the size of a boat would venture in there even in the finest weather, or could work out against an easterly wind. The moorings which were laid down there some years since at Mr Berry’s instance, have never, I am informed, been used; and the buoys are now high and dry on the beach, having been long since washed away from their chains.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I do not consider that anything can be done to render Gerringong a safe port for shipment at any cpst at all commensurate with its importance, and in my opinion it would be far better to expend any money which can be spared in the district improving the road to Kiama.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I Have the honor to be, Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Your most obedient Servant,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">E. O Moriarty<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Engineer-in-Chief<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">What Mr Moriarty says about a boat not venturing into the harbor in fine weather with S.E. or N.E. winds is not true, as the oldest inhabitants can testify that in anything but stormy weather, a vessel would be perfectly safe with the wind at SW, NW, SE, or NE., which in fact was three-fourths of the compass in favor of the harbor; and when wind and sea were adverse, it was not likely that any master would imperil his vessel by coming in, nor would the inhabitants complain of delay incurred by such necessary caution. It was no argument agasint the harbor that either through carelessness in laying down, or insufficient chains being used, the buoys were washed ashore in a storm. These mooring chains it is said were laid down at Mr Berry;s instance, which is untrue, for they were laid down at the earnest request of the people by petition. Mr Berry had told him (<strong>Mr Tobin)</strong> that they never made such a request to the Government, but simply signed a petition of the people. Mr Moriarty was probably not aware that without the advantages of mooring chain or boat jetty thousands of pounds worth of property had been shipped to Sydney from the harbor that he so recklessly condemns, but his information will be improved and possibly his opinion altered when the petition under consideration is received. The winter months of the year, June, July and August, was the period when the agricultural produce of the district would be ready for shipment, during which time westerly winds prevailed, when Gerringong harbor would be as safe as Port Jackson. The roads during the three months he had named were generally in the worst condition, and when it was considered that the expenditure of ó1000 would save the carriage of the produce of the district, in some cases over 15, and in others over 10 or 7 miles of bad roads it was not too much to ask the Goivernment to do, seeing that the enormous sum of £46,000 had gone into the Treasury for the purchasing of land in the neighbourhood, which amount would be found correct, exclusive of sales by auction and free selection. The courtesy of the Illawarra Steam Navigation Co. to Mr Moriarty in delaying the steamer and sending their boat to take him aboard might possibly furnish a reason for the nature of that gentleman’s report. He (<strong>Mr Tobin</strong>) looked upon Edye Manning and the company of which he was the manager as the greatest enemies the people pf Gerringong had: and if the object of this meeting should happily be attained, and vessels were induced to come, it woulod be seen that the Illawarra Company’s steamers would also come, but so long as they can monopolise all the trade of the district without the trouble of coming to Gerringong they will do so. Mr Buchanan, the owner of the <em>Agenoria,</em> had told him (<strong>Mr Tobin</strong>) that if there was a good mooring chain and a boat jetty he would undertake to run his vessel twice a month, bring his family and reside in the neighbourhood. Michael Hindmarsh Esq., had also told him (<strong>Mr Tobin</strong>) that he had shipped many a good cargo at Gerringong Harbor- (A voice: The price of which Moriarty would like in his pocket.) As several others were to address the meeting, he would close his remarks by moving the first resolution:_<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em>"That in the opinion of this meeting, it is essentially necessary for the benefit of the rapidly increasing traffic of this district, that suitable harbor accommodation should be constructed at Gerringong, with a convenient and well-made approach to said harbor</em>,”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This was briefly seconded by Mr Thos McIntyre, and carried unanimously……<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Other speakers made similar arguments, including: On the authority of Captain Charles he could inform the meeting that a steamer could dome to the harbor with safety nine months out of the twelve… and if the Government should be mean enough to draw back, and render unavailable the amount already expended by refusing to build a jetty, the people must unite and as one man urge their claim until it was granted. (Hear, hear, and a voice, we will.). He moved_ “<em>That the petition now read, to the Hon. The Secretary for Public Works, be hereby adopted".</em> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Another resolution was moved by Mr M Egan: "<em>That Messrs James Wilson and <strong>Stephen Tobin</strong> be appointed a deputation to present said petition to the Minister for Works with full powers to use every means which in their judgment may be necessary to have its prayer carried into effect by the Executive Government.”<o:p></o:p></em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">He believed these gentlemen named as the deputation were, from their long residence in the place, the interest they always manifested in public affairs, and their ability to urge the claims of Gerringong at headquarters, the best men that could be chosen. (Hear, Hear). He firmly believed that the judicious expenditure of £1000 on the harbor and its approach would meet the shipping requirements of the district, and be a great boon to the people<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There was one thing not in the resolution which he thought should not be lost sight of. The gentlemen who were asked to go to Sydney ought not to go on public business at their own expense (Hear. Hear.) Other incidental expenses had been incurred, all of which ought to be borne by those in whose favor the present agitation was got up- the people- and not by single individuals. He would in conjunction with the resolution move that a subscription be now made (cheers).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr J Perkins Jun., said he seconded the resolution with pleasure, believing the right men were in the right place, being fully competent to explain to the Minister the peculiarities of the work required to be done, and he heartily concurred in the matter of subscription.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The resolution was carried unanimously, and the sum of £8 subscribed in a few minutes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><strong><em>Sydney Morning Herald</em></strong></span> Sat 26 May 1866 p4</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> A series of open ‘addresses’ to the Rev. D.J D’Arcy<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>were presented by the Catholic parishioners of the district thanking him for his service to the community, including an address from the Catholics of Kiama Gerringong and Jamberoo, to which he replied to<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> “My very dear friends of Kiama &c.”, addressing the letter to J.M. Nolan, Thomas Hanley, T. McIntyre, J. Farrahar, J. Fechin, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alderman Tobin,</b> D. Moloney and C. McCaffery Esquires.</i></span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 12 July 1866 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">A Man who can MILK and nake himself useful on a farm. Apply to S. TOBIN, Crooked River.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></strong>, </em>Thurs 13 Sept 1866 p2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Meeting of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Shoalhaven Agricultural Society<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The annual meeting of the members of the Shoalhaven Estae Agricultural Society took place at Mr Wheatley’s Royal Hotel, Numba, on Tuesday evening, the 5<sup>th</sup> instant. There was a good muster of members present…<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The election of a committee of management for the ensuing year was by ballot, and resulted in <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin</b> <strong>being elected for Gerringong</strong>, Messrs Munroe and Kennedy for Bolong, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Agricultural Show and Ploughing Match came off at Broughton Creek, and your committee have much pleasure in giving an account of the perfect success attending both those gatherings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Your committee also beg to express their thanks for the Rev. William Grant of Shoalhaven for the very liberal series of prizes given by him for the best samples of bread made with maize meal and flour, which were competed for with great spirit at the Agricultural Show.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In concluding their third annual report, your committee beg to impress upon the members of the society the necessity for renewed exertions on their part, so that an institution of so much importance to all concerned may not languish for that necessary support which is so essential to its existence.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 15 November 1866 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzGXMA9EeEPKBg8UglbtqRR4F1KquHQMV48bmjoL5djbRPPHLXgqCtpcePmMFJFigCXavu04U13gLLkx2QuOFugcl8hsmRs2k-0MJ4dLB2hQSfwLxUFvDZCt8_MTkBf0to2iLa-d7fsQg/s1600/1Kiama+Independent+and+Shoalhaven+Advertiser,+Thurs+15+Nov+1866+p3-complimentary+picnic+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzGXMA9EeEPKBg8UglbtqRR4F1KquHQMV48bmjoL5djbRPPHLXgqCtpcePmMFJFigCXavu04U13gLLkx2QuOFugcl8hsmRs2k-0MJ4dLB2hQSfwLxUFvDZCt8_MTkBf0to2iLa-d7fsQg/s640/1Kiama+Independent+and+Shoalhaven+Advertiser,+Thurs+15+Nov+1866+p3-complimentary+picnic+2.JPG" width="474" yya="true" /></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(Notably, Stephen named one of his sons John <strong>Conway</strong> Tobin, probably in honour of Rev. Conway)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><em><strong><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent & Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></strong>, </em>Thurs 22 Nov 1866 p2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">NOTICE<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There is now and has been for the last three weeks running on my farm, a yellow HEIFER with white flanks, branded W on off rump. The owner can have her by paying all expenses.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">STEPHEN TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Crooked River, Nov. 20</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 27 December 1866 p.2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">GERRINGONG<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The Shoalhaven Estate Agricultural Society held a special meeting at the Lanterrick Hotel last Wednesday evening. Mr Morton being absent, the chair was occupied by <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alderman Tobin;</b> great interest was manifested in the cause of agriculture. The large room was crowded with the most respectable of the tenantry on this portion of the estate.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 14 February 1867 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">SHOALHAVEN ESTATE AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Fourth Annual Exhibition in connection with the above Society took place on Wednesday, the site chosen for the occasion being on the Broughton Creek road, about two miles from the township of Gerringong, and on part of the extensive and magnificent estate of D. Berry, Esq. This gentleman has been principally instrumental in forming and sustaining the society hitherto, and deserves great credit for the interest he takes in, and the encouragement thus afforded to, his numerous tenancy, now numbering about four hundred. The arrangements for the exhibition were all that could be desired, the show-room being a substantial weatherboard building 50 feet by 22 feet, partially finished, and which we understand is designed for a schoolroom; adjoining which is enclosed a small paddock and a long row of pens for cattle and pigs. The cost of the several erections has been wholly sustained by Mr Berry.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The weather on the occasion was exceedingly favourable; and numerous parties of equestrians and pedestrians, of both sexes, were to be seen wending their way to the scene of the exhibition, from early in the forenoon to about 1 o’clock, when there could not be less than 400 persons on the ground.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The exhibits in the show-room were not numerous, and many of them rather inferior, owing doubtless to the dryness of the season. Many of the products for which prizes were offered by the society did not till, probably from the same cause. However, the show of horses and cattle were exceedingly good; and if one department was an unavoidable failure, the other was quite a success; and to our mind one of the best that has been seen in the district for many years.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After the award of the prizes, several gentlemen sat down to an excellent luncheon, provided by the hostess of the Kangaroo Inn, Broughton Creek; and this having been disposed of, several toasts were proposed and responded to in very appropriate speeches.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following prizes were awarded-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Class No. 1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Judges- Messrs Thomas, Thomson and Sharpe<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best blood stallion- Mr Waldron £2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best draught ditto- Mr F. Grey- £2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best coaching stallion- Mr Farraher- £1.10s<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best 2 year old draught ditto- Mr Tait- £1.10s.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best blood mare, “Ninn”- Mr York- £1.10s<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best draught mare- Mr D. McLean- £1.10s<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Best coaching mare- Mr Tobin</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">- £1.10s<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best blood colt- Mr T. McIntyre- £1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best blood filly- Mr Cunningham- £1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best draught colt- Mr F. McIntyre- £1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Best draught filly- Mr Williams- £1<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 14 March 1867 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">KIAMA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Council met in the Council chamber at noon<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Present- The Mayor, Aldermen Grey, <strong>Tobin,</strong> Fredericks, Budd, and English.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Mayor briefly stated the reason why he had instructed the town clerk to convene the meeting by circular, and pointed out that the regular business should be entered on, together with any other matter of special importance which might be submitted for consideration.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Corresponcence<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Town Clerk read the correspondence (matters dealing with removing an obstruction from the public thoroughfare in Kiama; one to the manager of the Commercial Bank authorizing Ald. Budd to sign cheques in conjunction with the Mayor; repairs to a bridge at Foxground; letter from Dept of Lands about a road; a letter from a ratepayer signed “Anonymous” which the Council declined to consider.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">With respect to Mr Blow’s letter, the Council resolved on the motion of <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>, seconded by Alderman Grey- ‘That the Gerringong Ward Improvement Committee shall meet on the bridge in question on Monday next to inspect its state with liberty to expend on its repair, a sum not exceeding five pounds.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ORDER OF THE DAY<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Two tenders were opened for repairing the road near the Crooked River, but their consideration was defended till next day of meeting, on the motion of <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>, seconded by Alderman Grey.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Moved by Alderman Budd, seconded by <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>- :That the standing order No. 5 be rescinded, and that the following to be adopted:- “That the council shall hold adjourned meetings every alternate Thursday at noon, and shall hold a quarterly meeting on the third Thursday of December, March, June and September, respectively of every year, for the transaction of general, particular, finance, or committee business.” Carried.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following were postponed till next day of meeting. 1. The appointment of permanent committees for the year. 2. The making f annual estimate of expenditure in public works in the municipality. 3. The making of an assessment on the different wards of the municipality.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Council adjourned to Thursday the 21<sup>st</sup>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Quarterly Report<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This being the first quarterly meeting of the current municipal year, the following summary of proceedings and synopsis of attendance of Aldermen is hereby respectfully submitted.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The attendance of the various meetings of Council has been as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">There were in all six meetings within the last quarter, one meeting having been adjourned fo want of a quorum, and one convened by circular.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Worshipful Mayor attended all the meetings. Alderman Pike, 5; Alderman Gray, 5; Alderman Robinson, 4; Alderman Taylor, 3; Alderman English, 6; Alderman Fredericks, 3; <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alderman Tobin, 3</b>; Alderman Redford, up to the 5<sup>th</sup> February, 1; Alderman Budd, since the same date, 2. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Meeting continued.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Since the last quarterly meeting, there has been a certain change in the council, the municipal year having expired, and the annual election of aldermen and auditors having taken place. All the wards were contested, Aldermen Black and Gray having been re-elected for the Jamberoo and Gerringong wards respectively, and as the late representative for Kiama Ward retired, the electors returned Mr William Budd as Alderman to represent that ward in the council. Alderman Black was unanimously elected Mayor of the Municipaility for the third term, thereby indicating the confidence reposed in him as the President of the Municipality by the council.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 28 March 1867<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">KIAMA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Quarterly Meeting<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Present- The Worshipful the Mayor in the chair, Aldermen Pike, Gray, <strong>Tobin, </strong>Fredericks, English and Robinson<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Order of the Day<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Moved by Alderman Pike and seconded by <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>- “That the Committee of Finance for the current municipal year shall consist of the whole council”. Carried<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Moved by <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>, seconded by Alderman Gray- “That the aldermen of each ward shall constitute the Improvement Committee for such ward respectively during the year.” Carried.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">ESTIMATE OF EXPENDITURE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The Committee of each ward submitted an estimate of probable expenditure for the current municipal year as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kiama Ward<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>£500<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Gerringong Ward<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>£480<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Jamberoo Ward<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>£165<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Total<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>£1145<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">ROAD NEAR CROOKED RIVER<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Moved by Alderman Tobin</strong>, seconded by Alderman Gray- “That the tender of James Perkins for repairing a portion of said road (about 14 chains) at £1.8s.6d per chain, be accepted.” Carried.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Moved by Alderman Robinson, seconded by <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>- “That the town clerk write to all parties on the main line of road between the southern boundary of Gerringong Ward and the boundary of Jamberoo Ward, giving them notice to remove all fences encroaching on the public line of road, to their proper place, within three months from the date of service of notice.” Carried by a majority of 6 to 2, Aldermen Pike and Budd dissenting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">FINANCE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The Council went into Committee of Finance, on the motion of Alderman Pike, seconded by <strong>Alderman Tobin</strong>, and recommended payment of sundry accounts amounting to £32.6s.7d.</span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen resigned from his aldermanic role in the Kiama Council at the beginning of April 1867 after the annual election was held in February, reason unknown. He was still active in the March Council meeting. It may have been frustration that the Kiama area was being favoured with roads, public baths and a library, over the needs of the Gerringong residents, yet paying equal rates, which he appears to indicate on several instances in 1867-68.</span></strong><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 11 April 1867 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Municipal- Gerringong Ward Election- We have not heard that any active steps have as yet been taken at Gerringong to supply the place of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alderman Tobin</b> in the Municipal Council<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">, but we hope the ratepayers of that ward will supply the vacancy with an equally competent man.<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 11 April 1867 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Kiama Municipal Council<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Tuesday 2 April 1867<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Council met pursuant to adjournment in the Council Chamber, at noon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">.. Correspondence<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Town Clerk read a communication from <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alderman Stephen Tobin, tendering his resignation as Alderman for the Gerringong Ward.<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Moved by Alderman Budd, seconded by Alderman Gray- “That the resignation of Alderman Tobin, representing the Gerringong Ward, in the council, be accepted”. Carried<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 18 April 1867 p2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Meeting of Council<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The Council proceeded to the order of the day, and the tenders which had been sent on for the assessment of the municipality were opened. The tenders were as follows:-… For Gerringong- Messrs Arnold £10, E. Bryan £12, A Hukins £16, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">S. Tobin £15,</b> J. Daly £15.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">For Kiama; For Jamberoo etc. After some discussion the tenders of <strong>E. Bryan for Gerringong, etc. were accepted.</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: black;">The following report indicates the problems Stephen was having with the Kiama Council which may have led to his resignation.</span></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 21 November 1867 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">KIAMA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Some desultory discussion then arose <strong>as to what</strong> <strong>Mr S. Tobin was reported to have said </strong>at a recent meeting at Gerringong. He had asserted that a certain resolution moved by him when in the Council had been altered in the minutes of proceedings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The Mayor said that this appeared to be neither more nor less than downright falsehood; and if the thing had been done, nobody was so much to blame as Mr Tobin himself, foe he had sat in the Council<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the next meeting, and heard the minute read recording the resolution, but without objecting to it.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Alderman Robinson gave his explanation of what he supposed to have been <strong>Mr Tobin’s</strong> meaning. He believed for his part that the books throughout were in such a condition that they were in reality worth no more than the unsigned part of them, of the paper on which they were written.</span><br />
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</span> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen then gave his support to the man they wanted to replace him as their representative on the Council.</strong></span>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 21 January 1868 p3<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">To JAMES EMERY Esq. Nethervale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Sir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">We the undersigned ratepayers of the Gerringong Ward of the Municipal Ward of Kiama, being aware that the seat of Alderman Robinson is now vacant by the decease of that gentleman, do hereby request that you will allow yourself to be placed in nomination for such vacant seat, we having the fullest confidence in respect to your fitness to occupy the position of representative for us in the Council of said Borough.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Trusting you will comply with our request we beg to subscribe ourselves your obedient servants<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">[Here follow 110 signatures]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">To <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen Tobin,</b> W. Grey, H. Lee, Esqrs, and the other gentlemen of Gerrringong Ward, in the Borough of Kiama signing the requisition.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Gentlemen- I feel much honored by the confidence expressed in your very flattering requisition, and though I did not intend to interfere in Municipal matters for some time, I consider it my duty to accede to your request; and if elected, I will use my best endeavours in your behalf, by aiding in the equitable distribution and judicious expenditure of all public money throughout the Borough of Kiama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">I am, gentlemen,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Your obedient servant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">James Emery</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 6 February 1868 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">MR HINDMARSH’S MEETING<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">On Friday evening last, Mr George Hindmarsh met the ratepayers of the Gerringong ward in the magnificent long room of the Lanterick Hotel, for the purpose of explaining his views on municipal matters, and affording the electors an opportunity of questioning him as to the principles of action by which he would be guided if elected as their representative. There were thirty persons present in the well-lighted room. The attendance was good considering the evening was wet, and public notice had only been given the day before.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(After addressing several questions)- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin</b> asked would he be favourable to a separation of Gerringong from the Kiama municipality; and whether he would advocate raising the present Council Clerk’s salary. The first question was answered in the affirmative, and the second- that he would be favourable to inviting tenders.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Mr Tobin</strong> would like to hear the candidate’s views as to the propriety of letting by contract the keeping of roads in repair, and whether he would, on receipt of the Government indemnity, as seemed by the new Act, be inclined to pay the municipal debt off at once? The latter question was answered in the affirmative, and in reply to the fist Mr Hindmarsh, after referring to his experience in such matters in the sister colony of Victoria, said that in the present state of our roads he thought it would be impracticable; but when roads were once thoroughly and permanently made, no better plan for keeping them in repair could be adopted than that suggested by the question of Mr Tobin.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Questions continued.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Stephen took exception to a report in the newspaper written by a local journalist about Stephen's comments at a recent election meeting.</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 6 February 1868 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">From our Correspondent<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">GERRINGONG<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The part of the district looks exceedingly well now, presenting a strong contrast to what it was two months ago. The late welcome rain has produced wonderful effects in grass and all kinds of vegetation. It seems also to have produced an exhilarating effect upon the people. Quite a lively interest is now taken in municipal matters, and the supporters of the various candidates (ie. Hindmarsh and Emery) are exciting themselves; and both parties express themselves sanguine of success.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">I find that I’ve been putting my foot in it, as the saying goes, in the epitomized report of Mr Emery’s meeting furnished by me last week. At Mr Hindmarsh’s meeting the other night, (for a report of which you made special provision), <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin complained</b> that he had been mis-represented by your correspondent, and read from a copy of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Independent</i> the matter complained of- “Mr Tobin seconded, and while doing so dealt some heavy blows to the Kiama and Jamberoo Aldermen, the opposition candidate in the present instance, his supporters, friends, and relatives, and a great many others whom it would have puzzled a Philadelphia lawyer to identify.” If Mr Tobin reads the passage in a literal sense he has just reason to complain, for although seemingly highly elated he did not even appear possessed of a “shillelagh” at that particular moment, much less use it on those mentioned. The term must, however, be read and understood in a figurative sense; and Mr Tobin, as a sensible and intelligent man, cannot in justice assert for a moment that the expressions used by him were represented to the public in terms too strong. In speaking of the willful waste of public money, the combination of the aldermen of the other wards against our representatives, and the many wrongs and injustices suffered by the people of Gerringong- did he not make use of terms and insinuations that were hardly doing credit to that fraternity, not individually, but collectively. Again, in speaking of the rival candidate, did he not represent him as a man who had never taken part in any municipal or public matter, who had never attended meetings convened for purposes tending to advance to improve the district in any way. In fact, had never interested himself in matters, either local or general, for the public good, and spoke of him as having been forced by certain parties in Kiama to contest the election, after having refused to do so when asked by the electors of his own ward; and further, that if returned he would be a mere tool in the hands of the Mayor’s party. His supporters were designated as a faction, formed for the purpose of obstructing and intercepting the way of a man who would benefit them, and place them in a better financial position in the council. The relatives of the candidate were spoken of in much the same strain as the candidate himself. It is true Mr Tobin stated that he had the highest respect for Mr Hindmarsh, but in the face of his other assertions, it seemed to me like extending one hand in friendship while he administered a thump with the other. The others alluded to as being so hard to identify is best known to Mr T. himself, being those spoken of as the individuals whose duty it is to see that sufficient funds are at the disposal of the council, to carry out contracts for which tenders are called, and to see that advertisements are not inserted in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Independent</i> for the sheer purpose of putting money into Mr Weston’s; pocket. Mr T. did not directly blame the Mayor’s party for this part of the performance, and did not seem to have the remotest idea that it was the duty of an alderman moving in a matter to ascertain whether the council was in a position to carry out any proposed work before tenders were called for.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">At the time the article complained of was written I had not the least idea that anything therein contained would have given offence. I considered it a correct impartial minutiae of proceedings, and would have been very sorry to have stated willfully anything that would have tended to raise the indignation of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">a gentleman whom I respect and honor as a respectable, honest, and straightforward, though occasionally a rather capricious and obdurate man. </b>But facts are facts, and whether they are “stubborn things” or amiable things is always best known to those who have to deal with them.</span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 2 April 1868 p3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">A meeting of persons desirous of forming a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Volunteer Corps at Gerringong</b>, took place according to advertisement, in the Church of England School room, on Monday evening last. The building was well filled with young men anxious to enroll, and serve, if necessary, in defence of their country and its Government. The various parts of the surrounding district were well represented- numbers being present from Broughton Creek, Foxground, Sadilleback, and even Kiama was not without her representative. The meeting was well conducted, and decidedly the most spirited and enthusiastic ever held in Gerringong, displaying a spirit of loyalty and attachment to the British throne and Government that was <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sufficient to frighten Fenianism</b> out of five years growth. Shortly after 7 o’clock business was commenced by Mr William Wilson being voted to the chair, who, in appropriate terms, expressed the pleasure he felt at seeing so many present, and explained the object for which they were met. Several resolutions embodying the sentiments of the meeting were proposed and carried unanimously; and a memorial to the Government praying for the necessary equipment &c., was signed by upwards of sixty willing volunteers. <strong>A committee of the following gentlemen</strong> was then appointed to carry into effect the wish of the meeting, and make requisite arrangements:-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Messrs</strong> Wilson, James Wilson jun., James Campbell, J. Sharpe, W. Campbell, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">S. Tobin</b>, T. Brown, W. Medcalf, J. Morrow, F. Robson, W. Wells, and W. Hines.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hearty vote of thanks to the chairman, by acclamation, three cheers for the Queen, three cheers for the Duke of Edinburgh, and three cheers for the “Gerringong Volumteers” brought the meeting to a close.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>By August 1868, Stephen was leading a push for separation of the Gerringong Ward from the Kiama Municipal Council.</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</i></b></span>, Thurs 13 August 1868 p3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">GERRINGONG<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The meeting for separation of the Gerringong ward from the Kiama Municipal Borough, advertised in your last issue, was held at the Lanterrick Hotel on the night of Wednesday last. There was a large number of those interested in the movement present. M.M. Robson Esq, was voted to the chair, and explained the importance of the business they have met to consider, and conducted by reading the advertisement calling the meeting. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Mr Tobin moved the first resolution</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">:- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">That it is advisable for the interests of the Gerringong ratepayers to seek the separation of Gerringong ward from the Kiama Municipal Borough and be incorporated a separate municipality.” </b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mr Tobin entered fully into the subject</b>, <strong>and spoke at considerable length of the disadvantages the people of the Gerringong ward were compelled to labor under through being connected with Kiama; and pointed out the advantages and benefits that would be derived if the people were free to manage their own affairs. Nothing whatever of any magnitude stood in the way now, providing the people went about the matter in an energetic and intelligent manner, which he trusted would be the case.<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The resolution was seconded by Mr James Campbell who fully endorsed the sentiments of the previous speaker. He was of opinion that a great saving would be effected, and matters carried on in a much more satisfactory way if the proposed separation was carried out. The area was sufficiently extensive and the population large enough to warrant the people in carrying out the alterations under consideration. They were now in a position to ship their own produce at Gerringong, and very few indeed used the road for which they were paying fifty percent of ll moneys expended in repairs and improvements.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">R. Miller esq. J.P. moved the second resolution:- “That a petition be sent to the Governor, praying that he will accede to our request.” Etc.. Seconded and carried.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Mr John Molliday proposed and Mr Henry Lee seconded the third resolution:- “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">That a committee consisting of the following gentlemen</b>, with power add to their number, be appointed to carry out the wishes of the meeting- Messrs. Geo Hindmarsh, M. Robson, R. Miller jun., H. Lee, J. McClelland, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">S. Tobin</b>, Thomas McIntyre, Thomas Hindmarsh, James Wilson, James Rutledge, Adam Boyd, James Bluff, Edward Bryant, Thomas Blow, John Davy and Robert Hindmarsh.” All the above resolutions were submitted to the meeting were passed unanimously. Arrangements were then made to have a petition legally drawn up and carried round the settlement for signature. Altogether the meeting was quite a success, and the people appear quite unanimous in the opinion that they can govern themselves to greater advantage than they are governed at Kiama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong><span style="color: blue;">Sydney Morning Herald</span></strong></i> Wed 26 Aug 1868 p2 </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">reported a speech by <strong>Henry Parkes</strong> to the citizens of Kiama and Gerringong. He discussed the Treason Felony Act, and newspaper articles in Great Britain on the act, which followed the attempted assassination of the Duke of Edinburgh on a visit to the colony in March 1868 by H.J. O’Farrell, which the government alleged was a Fenian plot.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In part he said: We all know that our mothers told us what was sauce for the goose was sauce for the gander, and if the article in the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spectato</i>r’ of the 23<sup>rd</sup> May was a just criticism on the authors of the Treason Felony Act, we will see what the same journal on the 6<sup>th</sup> June says of those who are opposed to it- that is fair, I think. (Hear, hear) You must remember that what I am going to read are not my opinions; they are the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spectator’</i>s’ opinions. Well, the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spectator’</i>, whose previous article was copied into the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Freeman’s Journal</i>,’ and which all the readers of the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Freeman’s Journal’</i> glory in, says:- “The Irish here, as everywhere, multiply much faster than the rest of the population. There is no doubt that at one time great efforts were made to swamp the rest of the population with Irish emigrants, and make New South Wales a Roman Catholic colony. That this should happen does not seem probable now; but there is an element of disturbance and lawlessness in their separate and sectarian organization which, in critical times, might be dangerous, and is at all times injurious to political morality. Roman Catholicism among the Irish in Australia is becoming less a church than a political society. It may be compared to the Wehngericht, the Jacobin Society, the Evangelical Alliance, the Reform League, or the Trades Unions. All those have, or pretend to have, a germ of religion, or quasi- religion, in them, which gives them an authority unrecognized by the law, and exercised an influence chiefly by open or disguised intimidation. The priests are said to care but little what a man’s morals are, how often he goes to mass, or confesses, if he votes as he is told, and pays his subscription to a new chapel when it is demanded, he is a good Roman Catholic. Their ecclesiastical organization gives the Irish more Political power than naturally belongs to them. At elections they obey orders, and, if it is required of them, vote as one man.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr Tobin: It is wrong! (Laughter)<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mr Parkes: I know it is wrong, but the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spectator</i>’ says it. (Laughter) I do not believe a word of it, but as the ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spectator</i>’ is quoted as an authority against me, I think I have a right to serve it with the same sauce as for the goose. (Laughter) They go on to say- “Any ‘private judgment’ in such a case would be a grievous offence.” Now, of course I do not believe this. I quote it simply to show what is the opinion of this high authority which has been so greatly honoured by the critics of the Treason Felony Act. (Laughter)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 22 October 1868 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">According to advertisement another meeting, in conjunction with the Volunteer movement took place at the Lanterrick Hotel, on Saturday evening, being adjourned to that place from the Church of England school. About forty persons were present, many of whom had previously been enrolled- Mr W. Wilson was voted to the chair, and briefly explained the business of the meeting, recapitulated the action previously taken in the matter, and requested Sergeant McGarvey to explain the difficulties attending enrolment and expenses connected therewith, together with the ultimate advantages derivable therefrom. This the sergeant did to the satisfaction of all present. <strong>Mr Tobin and others asked several important questions respecting the formation of a company which were also satisfactorily answered.</strong> A<strong> committee was then appointed</strong> to conduct the business of projected corps- the chairman to be treasurer. Mr J. Burgess Born, secretary, J. Campbell, H. Lee, <strong>S. Tobin</strong>, J. McLelland, T. Brown and J. Baom with power to add to their number. The chairman requested that all who intended to enroll would do so this week, that communications might be forwarded early next week to the Commander of the Volunteer Force. The meeting throughout was highly enthusiastic.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">I do not see anything of rust in the wheat crop; but I hear it has made its appearance at Shoalhaven. Mr Berry having a patch of about 35 acres completely destroyed.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>In the 1869 election meeting, Stephen gave the Kiama Council a spray, revealing his deeply bitter feelings about his former colleagues.<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</strong></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 4 February 1869 p2<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The Municipal Election<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The nomination of the candidates for the Aldermanic honors took place at the Court-house on Tuesday last. Considerable interest was shown in the matter, and the house was crowded. The various candidates were read…. Gerringong- James Emery, nominated by J. Honey and W. Grey; and M. E Robson, nominated by R. Miller and S. Tobin.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">(After Mr Miller spoke about his nomination of Mr Robson, Stephen Tobin then spoke)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Mr Tobin, with pleasure, seconded the nomination of Mr Robson. Mr Miller had said sufficient as to his fitness for the position but he trusted he would not have to represent them in Kiama very long, and Kiama ought to be proud that they were able to do for themselves. Mr Robson had rendered them a great public service by his energy in assisting to secure for them a shipping place of their own, and this had indirectly benefited Kiama; but for the competition the I.S.N. Company would not now be taking calves and pigs at 2d. each. The Kiama council had given Gerringong good reason for seeking separation by raising the road contribution from 15 to 50 per cent. The Gerringong men did not get fair play- they were only three against six; and if they did enlist the sympathies of another alderman, in stepped the Mayor with his two votes. It was probable their own council would be proclaimed about the 21<sup>st</sup> of this month, in which case their new member would serve but a short apprenticeship in Kiama. The fact of Mr Colley receiving £20 or£15 a year for the council chamber accounted for his eulogy of Mr Pike, who, although he paid the interest on the cash credit, which was eight percent, he charged nine per cent. [Mr Pike: It is false] Twelve months ago there was a notice on the paper to raise the clerk’s salary, which for some reason lapsed; soon after tenders were called for assessing the borough, they ranged from £18 to £30, and they took this mode of raising the clerk’s wages by giving him the job at £25. Mr Tobin, in answer to a question, admitted he was one of the tenderers. There was another little job. Mr Colley wanted a pump outside the town, and the council gave him £50 for no more ground than two cocks could fight on, and then paid £20 more for the pump. Another little job he would mention. On the Foxground road there was a curve, and they gave 19 chains for 16, and £20 into the bargain, merely to shorten the road 10 chains, and that required a further outlay. There were two newspapers in Kiama, but neither of them ever attempted to expose these jobs of the council, their chief anxiety seemed to be who shall get the advertisements, and one of them to publish sensational slander. He had no objection to the Kiama folks imitating the old Romans by having baths at every street corner, but let them bear the cost. He seconded the nomination of Mr Robson, believing that he would represent them with credit to himself and benefit to the ward.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>Although taking longer than expected, Gerringong was finally proclaimed a separate municipality on 24 April 1871 and the first election was held on 2 June in the Lanterrick Hotel when nine councilors were elected, led by Mayor M.E. Robson. Council meetings would be held at the Lanterrick Hotel.</strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><strong>The Lanterrick Hotel, the venue for so many of Gerringong's public meetings was burned down in a devastating fire that raged through Gerringong's business district in 1872.<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Stephen organized a collection to pay for the funeral for a woman who died in the district after many years of illness.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">, Thurs 1 July 1869 p.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">To the Editor of the Kiama Independent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Dear Sir- A one who has taken an interest in the circumstances of the late Mary O’Keefe during her illness for the last ten years, I beg to return you my most sincere thanks for publishing, gratuitously, the names of the ladies and gentlemen who so generously subscribed towards her funeral. I am the more especially thankful to you, seeing that I am ot a subscriber to your paper.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">STEPHEN TOBIN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Towards the end of that year, 1869, Stephen applied for a selection in the Nerang area of S.E. Queensland that was being opened up and released for agricultural development</strong>. The<strong><span style="color: blue;"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Brisbane Courier</i></span></strong> , Wed 6 October 1869 p3:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Crown Land Selections District of East Moreton<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Commissioner for the Moreton District held his usual monthly Court at the Brisbane Land-office yesterday. There were 58 applications and the following were accepted-<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">HOMESTEAD SELECTIONS<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen Tobin 80 acres Gilston (Parish).<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Others at Gilston included Francis McIntyre and William Dolan. They were also from the Kiama district. McIntrye also got 640 acres of 2<sup>nd</sup> class Pastoral land at Gilston in the list of Conditional Purchase selections.</span></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Stephen advertised a "<strong>CLEARING-OUT SALE</strong>" for his leasehold, stock and furniture in the <strong><em><span style="color: blue;">Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</span></em></strong> on <strong>Thursday 27 January 1870</strong> page 3.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The list of stock is impressive considering he arrived with nothing. No further advertisements for an auction have been found so presumably he sold his leasehold shortly after his advertisement.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Stephen's decision to move to the Nerang area of Queensland may have been influenced by Samuel William Gray, a prominent Kiama landowner (see map above) who came to the Tweed district in 1862 and selected land on the Walumban Plain near Nerang township in 1866. A number of Gray's tenant farmers followed him to Queensland. Stephen would also influence a number of Berry's tenant farmers to join him at Tallebudgera, including his sister Catherine Guinea and her family.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Guineas had moved to the Braidwood area in 1861 which would bring them into close contact and marital ties with two rather infamous families- the Clarkes and the O’Connells- renowned in the local district as bushrangers. This story is dealt with in a later chapter.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Tobin's obviously retained very fond memories of their former home on the Berry estate in the district of Illawarra, naming their farm at Tallebudgera, '<em>Mayberry'</em>. In her latter years, Mary Tobin would name her home in Perth, <em>'Illawarra'.</em></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 120%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>© B A Butler<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 120%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Contact email: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">butler1802 @hotmail.com</span></b><span style="color: red;"> </span>(NB. With no spaces</span>)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 120%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 120%;"><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comGerringong NSW, Australia-34.7456599 150.82743959999993-34.7978569 150.74675859999994 -34.6934629 150.90812059999993tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-73825683809781897552013-03-09T20:20:00.005-08:002021-11-29T22:35:20.609-08:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:2- Tobins & Driscolls in Tipperary<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This chapter will explore the ancestry of Stephen Tobin and his wife Mary Driscoll in the Counties of Sth Tipperary and NE Cork. It will also look at Stephen Tobin's early life in Tipperary and his military career before emigrating to Australia.</span></span></b><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Unnamed in family album but thought to be Stephen Tobin</b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">Stephen Tobin’s Birth</span></span></b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirWNgiEijC3MuP0820RZ8GWB4HBW1zaA0wIqtdapo-bP_ORsoQzEyNSAwFsp2XAjQOeWgNQEEBwinKYVi96CTMB8mml9RSYryOrs5_4GUWFsVrDsiJHxmATrmoQYGn9RF4L0YydZdfkME/s1600/Tobin+Birth+record-+Stephen%2527s+birthplace+%2526+marriage+copy+copy.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="362" mwa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirWNgiEijC3MuP0820RZ8GWB4HBW1zaA0wIqtdapo-bP_ORsoQzEyNSAwFsp2XAjQOeWgNQEEBwinKYVi96CTMB8mml9RSYryOrs5_4GUWFsVrDsiJHxmATrmoQYGn9RF4L0YydZdfkME/s640/Tobin+Birth+record-+Stephen%2527s+birthplace+%2526+marriage+copy+copy.gif" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: x-small;">(Birth and Marriage information on birth record of Stephen and Mary Tobin's son Herbert Patrick Tobin b. 2/6/1875- notably their stated ages were incorrect)</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen Tobin was born in 1825 at or near the small townland of Newcastle in southern Tipperary, Ireland, close to the Waterford and Cork borders.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a statutory declaration dated 18 January 1894 (re his sister Ellen Koch’s estate</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a>- <strong>see the full document at the end of this chapter</strong><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">) Stephen made a statement and presented a certificate showing that he was ‘baptised’ on 29 December 1825, to parents John Tobin and Elizabeth O’Brien. </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A baptism record (NLI Microfilm- page 84) for the Catholic Parish of Ardfinnan has the baptism of (in Latin):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen (fil=son of), father John Tobin, mother Eliza Brien, on the 29 December 1825’</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sponsors William Plott and Ellen Long</b>.</span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title="">[ii]</a></span></span></span></span></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgobC7lIoZ1WG3_KUUCoSWz46QOdYI063QIpdmuwi0ojgAZ_1uaD60xEWLn4Nib4o36jvxaXyIOXcGeVNo7gvUMx90AFdIJp1_Cf5oh8tLPfGqFSBbZkXcv3dXGZF_3hNV-uisB_OHhJnU/s1600/Baptism+of+Stephen+Tobin+29+Dec+1825.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgobC7lIoZ1WG3_KUUCoSWz46QOdYI063QIpdmuwi0ojgAZ_1uaD60xEWLn4Nib4o36jvxaXyIOXcGeVNo7gvUMx90AFdIJp1_Cf5oh8tLPfGqFSBbZkXcv3dXGZF_3hNV-uisB_OHhJnU/s640/Baptism+of+Stephen+Tobin+29+Dec+1825.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The various indexes for this record contain several mistakes due to the very poor quality of the record. Find My Past has the following, which shows mother's name as 'Elena'.</span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZN6rcOiHOosSG6RuWTzJyYRBk3FDofCLKUrtGrNm6EqEf4tm_zgWRQCz_Jl3AYjC3LL4WmDmbGH_AfwymU_wEgyeobwMpFZekcTAfZo-87cCnORtcF06ZcD0No4hZg_52DaWtHiqEP2Q/s1600/bap+record+Stephen+tobin.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="483" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZN6rcOiHOosSG6RuWTzJyYRBk3FDofCLKUrtGrNm6EqEf4tm_zgWRQCz_Jl3AYjC3LL4WmDmbGH_AfwymU_wEgyeobwMpFZekcTAfZo-87cCnORtcF06ZcD0No4hZg_52DaWtHiqEP2Q/s640/bap+record+Stephen+tobin.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">and Roots Ireland has the incorrect baptism date:</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">His death notice</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sydney Morning Herald</i> Oct 26, 1904) stated he was ‘79 years 10 months’, which indicates a birth in December 1825. Stephen's obituary in the <i>Freeman's Journal</i> (Sat 5 Nov 1904 p.29) stated that he was "<i><b>born at Ardfinnan County Tipperary</b></i>", which confirms the above baptismal record.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx7991HYsSc1rKKs4zeK8mhn7P3MBeGBRbv5aDWm6zqJnRr9ApKwJdlxLDXZPyOELs1m44evX-PSqusN3GEFkhUnAOIP7-s32bIZUYTwtdZVeLBs3XYRrUHOIhcGyvcQ0JxuquBO3WAGc/s1600/Map+of+Tipperary1878+-+see+Iffa+&+Offa.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" jsa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx7991HYsSc1rKKs4zeK8mhn7P3MBeGBRbv5aDWm6zqJnRr9ApKwJdlxLDXZPyOELs1m44evX-PSqusN3GEFkhUnAOIP7-s32bIZUYTwtdZVeLBs3XYRrUHOIhcGyvcQ0JxuquBO3WAGc/s640/Map+of+Tipperary1878+-+see+Iffa+&+Offa.jpg" width="500" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Map of Tipperary Ireland 1878</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin homeland in Iffa and Offa West near Waterford Cork border (purple area)</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Also Clonmel in Iffa and Offa East (yellow area)</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Map of Iffa and Offa West in southern Co. Tipperary</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Townlands mentioned in Tobin Family history:</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Newcastle (1), Clogheen, Ballyporeen, Araglin, Ardfinnan, Clonmel</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span> </span></o:p></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Distances:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Newcastle (1)-Clogheen</strong>- 11km (<7ml)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Clogheen-Ballyporeen</strong>- 6 km (3 ½ ml)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Newcastle (1)-Ardfinnan</strong>- 5 km (<3ml)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Ballyporeen-Araglin</strong>- 6 km (3 ½ ml)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Newcastle (1)- Clonmel</strong> (direct)- 10 km (<6ml)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>Ballyporeen- Clonmel</strong>- 30 km</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">However, there are two townlands named <strong>Newcastle </strong>in this small area of Co Tipperary. A smaller townland or farmland named <strong>Newcastle</strong> is situated just north of the townland of <strong>Ballyporeen</strong>, and is also close to <strong>Skeheenaranky</strong>. This area was also associated with <strong>Tobins</strong> in the Griffiths Valuation and the Tithe Applotment Books which will be discussed further on. So Stephen may have been born in the <strong>Newcastle </strong>that is shown in the map below. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> To distinguish the two townlands, I will refer to them as Newcastle (1), and Newcastle (2) near Ballyporeen.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQy1Dib2TUDz2dYbR1qQZRCPEVciomwErqt-d65CZ_OMLI5ToX3OwVZ24qn9IOxZIhNzso_NzkWAntKOMgtjDksQmou9Y7W3Mbc-nKbdQ7Z65TjE70s0-icNvm1Lx0r_mLLrM2YCBSxII/s1600/Map+Co+Tipperary+Ballyporeen+area.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="622" jsa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQy1Dib2TUDz2dYbR1qQZRCPEVciomwErqt-d65CZ_OMLI5ToX3OwVZ24qn9IOxZIhNzso_NzkWAntKOMgtjDksQmou9Y7W3Mbc-nKbdQ7Z65TjE70s0-icNvm1Lx0r_mLLrM2YCBSxII/s640/Map+Co+Tipperary+Ballyporeen+area.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Ballyporeen, Newcastle (2) and Skeheenaranky (NB. has various spellings)</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Distances:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Ballyporeen- Newcastle (2)- 1km</strong></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Newcastle (2)- Skeheenaranky- 5 km</strong></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrgCcxaQ-ensahCBbRLe0ppWSYgfoqFk-rHpB3n0WZFWj5kWAZAIUkigNRn-qekuBCQTbQJeR7NH4tk8qGb8z8Jf-NBstY9WpE9vGC741NNx-JolGV92FkT149xTqw3hl3ZRTTevTnHNY/s1600/Abandoned+cottage+Newcatle+Tipperary.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="276" mta="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrgCcxaQ-ensahCBbRLe0ppWSYgfoqFk-rHpB3n0WZFWj5kWAZAIUkigNRn-qekuBCQTbQJeR7NH4tk8qGb8z8Jf-NBstY9WpE9vGC741NNx-JolGV92FkT149xTqw3hl3ZRTTevTnHNY/s400/Abandoned+cottage+Newcatle+Tipperary.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>An abandoned house in Newcastle (1) Tipperary</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">However, as Stephen was baptised in the Parish of Ardfinnan which is only 5 km from Newcastle (1), it would indicate that his birthplace was near Newcastle (1). Catholic Church baptism records for Newcastle only began in 1846, whereas baptisms at Ardfinnan began in 1809. No baptismal records have yet been found for his siblings. </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the same Statutory Declaration, Stephen stated that the order of birth of his siblings were: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mary, Catherine, Stephen, Ellen, William and John. <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">They were born between 1821 and before 1836 (estimated from information known about Stephen, Catherine and Ellen's ages in documents). <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>1. Mary Tobin</b>- b.c.1821; d. bef 1894 Tipperary?</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>2. Catherine Tobin-</b> b.c.1822 Newcastle, Parish of Ardfinnan, Tipp.; d.1880 Nerang QLD; emigrated to NSW on <i>Lascar</i> arriv. 11 Nov 1841 (aged 18); married Timothy Guinea (b. Limerick) on 15/6/1845 at Wollongong NSW- 7 issue</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>3</b>.<b>Stephen Tobin</b> 1825-1904 (see above); emig. NSW in 1857 ship unknown- 11 issue</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>4. Ellen Tobin</b>- b.c.1831/32 Newcastle, Parish of Ardfinnan,Tipperary; d. 6 April 1878 Smithfield (Cairns) QLD; emigrated to Adelaide SA on <i>Elgin</i> arriv. 11 Sept 1849 (Earl Grey's Irish Orphan Emigration Scheme, aged 17); married 1. James Fahy (b. Scotland) on 13 June 1850 Adelaide; married 2. Henry C. Koch (b. USA) on 6 Dec 1854 Sydney- no issue</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>5. William Tobin</b>- b.c.1833 Newcastle, Parish of Ardfinnan, Tipperary; d.c.1880 USA; emig. in the 1840's- issue unknown</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>6. John Tobin</b>- b.c.1834 Newcastle, Tipp.; d. aft 1894, Tipperary; issue unknown</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen also stated that by 1894, only <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen</b> and his brother<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> John</b> remained alive. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Records suggest that <strong>Catherine</strong> was born c.1822/23 and <strong>Ellen in</strong> 1831/32. There is a six year gap between Stephen and Ellen’s births which could suggest deaths of children at birth or miscarriages, or father John Tobin was away from home for a period of time. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1889, Stephen placed an advertisement in "<i>Our World" n</i>ewspapers (an Irish Immigrant Newspaper published in the USA (ref: newspaper articles on the Tipperary Genealogy website- www.igp-web.com/tipperary/newspapers- Our World newspapers contributed by Kate Hanley):</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><i>The Personals: In search of:</i></b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">published in Irish Immigrant publications <i><b>1889</b></i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><i>TOBIN- Information wanted of WILLIAM TOBIN, who was said to have died somewhere in the U.S. about 9 years ago (ie. c. 1880). He was a native of Tipperary, parish of Ardfunane, and left there in the early 1840's for the US. In the family there were three brothers, Stephen, William and John TOBIN. And three sisters, Mary Catherine and Ellen TOBIN. Father's name was John TOBIN, mother's Elizabeth TOBIN. Any information on any of the above mentioned relatives will be most thankfully received by his brother Stephen TOBIN, Mulgoa, Sydney, NSW, Australia.</i></b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This advertisement confirms that the family came from the <b>Parish of Ardfinnan Tipperar</b>y and that his mother was named <b>Elizabeth. </b>Importantly it revealed that William emigrated to the USA, when he was very young and in his early teens. Whether he accompanied another family member is not known.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Looking at US immigration records, there were numerous Tobins by the name of William who arrived in the 1840's from Ireland, so finding him would be impossible. Presumably he married and left issue.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen's sister <b>Catherine Tobin</b> emigrated to Australia in 1842 at the age of '18' (20) years, marrying quickly to Irishman Timothy Guinea and settling in Gerringong. </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Unnamed photo in family album, c.1860-1870, thought to be Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin (Left) and possibly either his wife Mary Driscoll or one of Catherine's daughters (eldest, Ellen b.1850). </b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>compare with known photo of Catherine Tobin below:</b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWj2UigykF9sFt15mcbsBB-vM9YS9gSp5oPZ-hpKN6O84usxRmtXDBE_gBQvLTggtadyq2PDzKfg_N6o93o42kzwmtnejlRmroYstZE-pGW3zrB5EeC4e-a2zFImzhxDdjSoLA4qsM6pA/s1600/Catherine+Tobin+closeup.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWj2UigykF9sFt15mcbsBB-vM9YS9gSp5oPZ-hpKN6O84usxRmtXDBE_gBQvLTggtadyq2PDzKfg_N6o93o42kzwmtnejlRmroYstZE-pGW3zrB5EeC4e-a2zFImzhxDdjSoLA4qsM6pA/s1600/Catherine+Tobin+closeup.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Their younger sister <b>Ellen</b> also emigrated, to Adelaide in 1849 at the age of 16 years as part of the Irish Orphan Emigration scheme, having been chosen from the girls in the Clonmel Workouse. (see chapters on these two girls, Catherine and Ellen, who led interesting lives.)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Nothing is known of siblings John and Mary.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <i>Clonmel Property Valuations 1837 </i>lists a '<i><b>Mrs Tobin at Sherlocks Lane; property- a house, value </b></i></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><i><b>£5, Notes- paupers'</b></i>. Whether this is Eliza Tobin and her children is unknown, but given this was the year her husband died, it seems possible. (ref: IGP Archives- Tipperary website)</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen claimed in his deposition that his solicitors had engaged the services of “Longfield Kelly and Armstrong” of Dublin to search the Record Office in Dublin “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">where old parish records are transferred and also the census papers for the year 1821 and that they state that the Parish Registers in Ireland have not been preserved as they should have been and no marriage of his parents or birth records of his siblings were found.”<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The fact that the 1821 Census was asked to be checked implies that his parents were married by that date and that possibly his eldest sister Mary was born.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He further stated that they had found a document of “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the Register of Interments of Prospect (Glasnevin) Cemetery Parish of St Paul, showing the burial of his father <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Tobin</b> who died in the year 1837”</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Having now received this document, the record of his burial states: </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><strong><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">John Tobin,</span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> died 6 May 1837, aged 37, lived in Townsend Street (one of the streets in central Dublin, parallel with the river on the southern side, originally called Lazers Hill before being renamed in the 18<sup>th</sup> century). John was buried in an unmarked grave with many others in the Section of Glasnevin Cemetery called ‘Garden’ (Grave No. K 109.5).</span></strong></i></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Glasnevin Cemetery Dublin</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Garden section marked in area around O'Connell Circle</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">An Irish researcher checked on this record and reported back:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On further enquiry, they informed me that this was an unpurchaseable (sic.) plot and that other people were buried in it. It was not in the 'poor' section as such, nevertheless, the plot could never be bought by an individual, and did not have a headstone. On further enquiry they informed me that no other Tobin family member was buried in this plot. This was the only John Tobin buried in Prospect Cemetery (now called Glasnevin) in the year 1837, so the above information is obviously pertinent to your ancestor.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Dublin Directory, "<i>Pettigrew & Oulton's Dublin Almanac and general Register of Ireland", </i>for the year 1834 has a "<i>John Tobin, huxter of No. 86 Townsend Street"</i>, and in 1835, a <i>"John Tobin of No. 86 Townsend Street, provisions dealer"</i> living at the same address as a "<i>A. Cornwell, sextoness of St Marks". </i></span></span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Tobin's store was probably on the ground floor while A. Cornwell lived upstairs. Whether she also let a room to Tobin is not known.</span></span></span><br />
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<b><span style="color: red;">1834- No.86 John Tobin huxter</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: red;">1835- No. 86 John Tobin Provision dealer</span></b></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">Notably, in 1836 and 1837, No. 86 is occupied by </span><i style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">Patrick Moran, prov.dealer</i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">, and </span><i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">A. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Cornwell sextoness of St Marks.</span></i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> There are no records of John Tobin in these years in Dublin, so maybe he was ill and in hospital, or was being looked after by someone, maybe A. Cornwell sextoness. There was another Provision dealer/huxter in nearby Exchange Street Lower by the name of William Tobin who was living there in 1834 onwards. He was still there in Slater's Directory of 1846- was he related?</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The term '<b>Huxter</b>' (or Huckster) refers to any type of vendor or reseller who sells small articles, usually low-priced goods such as meat, poultry, dairy, bread and baked goods such as pies and pastries from a small store or door-to-door. Huxters were at the bottom end of the market hierarchy, both in terms of wealth and status since they made only small returns.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Similarly, the term '<b>Provision dealer</b>' refers to a shopkeeper who sold food, trading in butter, cheeses, bacon etc. They sourced raw materials from their own holdings or purchased goods from other sellers such as 'grocers' who tended to be wholesale dealers, buying in bulk and packing smaller amounts for other shops.</span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">When John Tobin died in 1837, he left a wife with three infant children and three in their early teens. Stephen was just 12 years of age, and as the eldest son, he was now the ‘man’ of the family. It would appear that this had a profound effect on the development of a strong commanding character.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Why John Tobin was buried in the city of Dublin, whereas his son Stephen was born and baptized in Tipperary, and also married in Tipperary twenty years after his father’s death, is not explained. No mention was made of his mother Elizabeth, and it is unknown if she and the children were in Dublin when John died, or had remained in Tipperary. Oddly, Stephen names his mother as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Elizabeth</i> in the Stat. Dec., and his baptismal record gives the name <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Eliza</i>, yet on his death certificate, she is named as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ellen</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Map of Townsend Street Dublin</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Townsend Street Dublin in 1800's</strong></span></div>
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<br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOk5DEAx1SXuockqhjEjDK8GSwawH80bEyoGIRVqNzBRgdI-ZdCAQY989wbLHk7QoKJZevN9CuO3zGqgDHPiy7ifJA8X5UbYxy6WzcfcPhzgDKN-3mMdZwu7JhY93vWavu5LT25OOWq8E/s1344/Tobin+Family+Tree+framed+4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="845" data-original-width="1344" height="402" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOk5DEAx1SXuockqhjEjDK8GSwawH80bEyoGIRVqNzBRgdI-ZdCAQY989wbLHk7QoKJZevN9CuO3zGqgDHPiy7ifJA8X5UbYxy6WzcfcPhzgDKN-3mMdZwu7JhY93vWavu5LT25OOWq8E/w640-h402/Tobin+Family+Tree+framed+4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><u><span style="color: blue;">Ancestral search- Records of Tobins in southern Tipperary<o:p></o:p></span></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">John Tobin’s burial record in 1837 states he was aged 37, ie. born in 1800. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The only baptism record (and maybe irrelevant) for a ‘John Tobin’ in the Waterford and Lismore Baptism records which covers that southern area of Tipperary, is:</span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">John Tobin baptism/birth 4 August 1800, Parish St Mary’s Clonmel, father Patrick Tobin, mother Ann Lynch, sponsors Michael Toomey and Mary Butler.</span></span></i></b><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It has to be noted that Catholic records for this period are quite rare, <b>so John Tobin's baptism may not be recorded. </b>The name of <em>John</em> appears to be common in the Tobin family in this area in which there are numerous records of John Tobins living during this period of time, 1800-1860. Whether they were all related is unknown, but likely.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">If this record is relevant, then there are several records of Patrick Tobins, in Clonmel and the area west of Newcastle.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>Records of Tobins in Clonmel and surrounding district</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A record has recently been released which reveals the names and some details of many Irishmen living in <b><span style="color: blue;">1848</span></b> which is of interest to genealogists. The <strong><span style="color: blue;">William Smith O’Brien Petitions</span></strong> gathered in 1848, records the names, addresses and political loyalties of over 80,000 people from all over Ireland and parts of England (mostly Irish immigrants and Chartists). Ruth Lawler nee Folan wrote about the petitions (for Find my Past):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It is one of the first mass political petition movements which aimed to save the life of this rebel leader after his conviction for high treason and sentence of death. He was the younger son of Baron Inchiquin of Co. Clare who joined Daniel O’Connell’s repeal movement in 1843 which sought to overturn the Act of Union between England and Ireland. He joined the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1846 who were committed to Irish independence. After leading an abortive rising in Co. Tipperary he was arrested and tried for high treason at a special sitting of the district court at Clonmel and sentenced to death on 10 October 1848. Meetings were organized all over Ireland to get people to sign petitions pleading for clemency. There are 166 different petitions. The occupations of the majority of signatories were literate farmers, tradesmen, artisans, etc. On 5 June 1849 Smith O’Brien’s death sentence was commuted to transportation to Australia for life, and he was sent to Van Diemen’s Land aboard the Swift. In 1854 he was granted a Conditional Pardon, and a Full Pardon two years later. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Looking at the geographic distribution of the signatories, 42,560 Dubliners signed (nearly 50%), and of the counties, by far the greatest number of signatories came from the two home counties of the O’Brien/ Inchiquin clan, viz. Co. Clare 4,636, and Co. Tipperary 4,393.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Several Tobins signed the petition sent by the inhabitants of <span style="color: blue;"><b>St Mary’s Clonmel</b></span>. Notably several had the same forename:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Thomas Tobin-</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Ref. No. CRF 1848 O 16/2/134; Sheet 2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Edmond Tobin-</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Ref. No. CRF 1848 O 16/2/133; Sheet 2<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">John Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> – same Ref.; sheet 4<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Joseph Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same ref.; sheet 3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Wm Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Michl Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 4<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Michael Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 3<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">John Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">James Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">William Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 5<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">John Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 4<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Thm Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 5V<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Tom Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 4V<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Wam Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">- same; sheet 5V<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Plus several Tobins from Carrick on Suir in Co. Tipperary, a few miles east of Clonmel.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg61te5pV0YL5sYs-BEdCuO3iVm0ejq5a11zrBI71Vovs3xBWGMPE_ddxgNXaGFxNK3Q-TmOzkobYaBHMjF0rBIZyGTeshRYuOl1nVxx3PKLFO_7MDCIsbsNYyl3HK8v7AvOpy_SLFxjU/s1600/William+Smith+O'Brien+Petition+1848-49-+Clonmel+St+Mary's-+John+Tobin+p1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" cya="true" height="434" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg61te5pV0YL5sYs-BEdCuO3iVm0ejq5a11zrBI71Vovs3xBWGMPE_ddxgNXaGFxNK3Q-TmOzkobYaBHMjF0rBIZyGTeshRYuOl1nVxx3PKLFO_7MDCIsbsNYyl3HK8v7AvOpy_SLFxjU/s640/William+Smith+O'Brien+Petition+1848-49-+Clonmel+St+Mary's-+John+Tobin+p1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>The Header of the Petition by the inhabitants of St Mary's Clonmel</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The record reveals there were quite a large number of families of Tobins living in St Mary’s Clonmel at the time. Whether they were closely, or only distantly related is unknown.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">The <span style="color: blue;">1839 Shearman’s Directory</span>, for Clonmel</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> lists the following Tobins:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Patrick Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dowd’s lane- Publicans (p.32)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Laurence Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, 48, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Main street, Woolen Draper (p36)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Michael Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, 19, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Main street, Boot and Shoemaker (p21)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Richard Tobin,</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> 37, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dublin street, Huxters and Provision Dealers (p.27) </span></span></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></span><br /></span></span>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">In the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: blue;">1853 Griffiths Valuation</span></b> there were 11 Tobins listed in the Parish of St Mary's, Clonmel, all in the “townland area” adjacent to Clonmel, described as “Burgagery- Lands west without the Municipal boundary</span></span></span></span></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">:</span><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Richard Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">, Dowd’s Lane, office, <strong>£27</strong> (NB possibly the public house of Patrick Tobin in the Shearmans Directory above)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Patrick Tobin</b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, Ba</span></span><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">gwell Street, house, offices, yard, <strong>£15</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">William Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Clonmel, house and garden 10s<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Michael Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Main Street, part of house (with a Miss Wade), and shop, <strong>£15.15s</strong> (NB. the shoemaker in the Shearman's Directory)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Thomas Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Salmon Lane, House and garden, <strong>£2.18s<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Richard Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Dublin Stret- house and office and yard, <strong>£13.10s</strong> (NB. the Huxter and Provision Dealer in the Shearman's Directory)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Maurice Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, 3 adjacent properties leased in Main street- a) house and offices <strong>£13.10s<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">b) House and offices <strong>£22.10s</strong>; <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">c) Back house, offices and garden <strong>£4.10s</strong>;<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">4<sup>th</sup> property adjacent to others, owned by Tobin and leased to John Shanahan, <strong>£21.7s</strong>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">John Tobin,</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> Irishtown, house, <strong>£7.5s<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Bridget Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Irishtown,<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">David Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Irishtown, house, <strong>£2.18s<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Philip Tobin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">, Blind Street, house and garden, <strong>£1.2s<o:p></o:p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><strong>Map showing Clonmel, Burgagery West and Irishtown</strong></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <span style="color: blue;"><strong>1853 Griffiths Valuation</strong></span>, several records under the name of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Tobin</b> owned and leased some considerable property in the <strong>Newcastle </strong>(1) area:<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">At <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Curraghcloney</b>, a few miles SE of Newcastle (1)- <b>John Tobin</b> leased 58 acres of land offices and house, 46 acres of Mountain pasture, and 27 acres of land, total rateable value<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>₤43. He also owned a house and garden, with 2 rds 13 per value ₤1, which was leased out. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A <b>John Tobin </b>also leased 14 acres of land at <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Augharanlomaun,</b> a couple of miles south the Curraghcloney. Notably his neighbour was James O’Brien, who rented 22 acres of Mountain pasture.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">This John Tobin could not be Stephen’s father who was deceased, or his brother who would have been too young, but w</span>hether this John Tobin was a close relative in unknown. He may have been the same John Tobin (and James O'Brien) named in the records below, at Skeheenarinky and Newcastle (2).</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <span style="color: blue;"><strong>1823-1837 Tithe Applotment Books</strong></span> list:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">John Tobin</b> at <strong>Skeenerinky/Skeheenarinkey</strong>, Templetenny Parish (about 5 km north of Ballyporeen and Newcastle 2);</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Michael Tobin leased 13 acres</b> at <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Araglin</b> on the Tipperary Cork Waterford border, the significance of which will become apparent. </span></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Several <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">O’Briens (Thomas, Michael, Patrick and William</b>) also lived at Araglin, as well as an <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Edmund and James White</b>.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Patrick Tobin</b> is listed with 22 acres at <strong>Lyrefune/Lyrefoun</strong> about 2 miles north-west of Araglin, adjacent to Barnahown. In the <span style="color: blue;">1853 Griffiths Valuation</span>, <b>Patrick Tobin</b> was leasing a house and garden at Barnahown, between Lyrefoun and Araglin, and still had 32 acres at Lyrefune valued </span></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£4.5s.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Catholic Parish for this area was historically known as Templetenny. The Catholic church and clergy based in Ballyporeen serviced both communities of <strong>Ballyporeen and Skeheenarinky</strong>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There is also a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen Tobin</b>, born c.1802, named in the <span style="color: blue;"><strong>Irish Prison Registers for Clonmel Co. Tipperary</strong></span>, charged on 8 June 1842 with being “concerned in the conspiracy to murder Robert Butler Bryan Esq of Co. Wicklow”. Stephen was discharged on 11<sup>th</sup> June. He was also registered in the Waterford Prison Register for the same charge and same date. This record states he was sent to Wexford Gaol. (The murder took place in Ferns Co Wexford, over a land dispute. Robert Butler Bryan, a Dublin lawyer owned large quantities of land in the Barony of Scarawalsh Co. Wexford- two local Wexford men by the name of Thomas Butler and Patrick Dwyer were also charged and found not guilty of the murder, at the Wexford assizes in March 1841.) Whether this was a brother or close relation of John Tobin is unknown. The only baptismal record found for a Stephen Tobin around 1800 is for:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin, Trinity Without Parish, R.C. Church of Ballybricken, Waterford City on 15 January 1800, father Edmund Tobin, mother Elizabeth Tobin.</strong></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This record probably relates to the same Stephen Tobin named in the prison register.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <span style="color: blue;"><strong>Clonmel Birth Death Records </strong></span>have a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen John Tobin</b>, who died at 14 days old, on 9 Jan 1869, living at <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kilgrainy Upper</b>, which is a couple of miles east of Newcastle (1) towards the mountain area near the Waterford border. It is also very close to Curraghcloney and Aughavanlomaun., which are a couple of miles south.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <b><span style="color: blue;">Catholic Parish Records</span></b>, <b style="color: black;">Newcastle Parish</b>, has a baptism for Ryan in 1823, in which the sponsor is named as '<b><span style="color: black;"><i>Stephano Tobin'</i></span> </b>(Latin).</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>The O'Briens/Briens</b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As to Stephen’s mother, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Elizabeth O’Brien/Brien</b>- the O’Briens/Briens were numerous to this area of Ireland, their supposed progenitor Brian Boru, a famous warrior king who lived in the tenth and eleventh centuries, part of Irish folklore. Whether she was related to the Henry O'Brien, landlord of the village of Ballyporeen in the 1850's is unknown, or the James O'Brien landlord of Newcastle (2) (see history of Ballyporeen below)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>The <span style="color: blue;">Tithe Applotment Books of 1823-1837</span></strong> lists all landholders in Ireland who are required to pay tithes. At the time, the landlord for this area was the Earl of Kingston.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">The <strong>Newcastle (2)</strong> books list only two names- <strong>James O'Brien</strong> held 83 acres of 1st class land and a Patrick Bourke held 14 acres of 2nd class land.</span><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">The <strong>Skeheenarinky</strong> books contain a large number of inhabitants. They include several <strong>O'Briens- Henry, Michael, Denis, William, John, and two widows- Catherine O'Brien and Ellen O'Brien widow of David O'Brien</strong>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">It also names a <strong>John Tobin</strong> (twice), an <strong>Edward Tobin.</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">The widow <strong>Catherine O'Brien</strong> may be of relevance- she may have been the mother of Elizabeth O'Brien (married to John Tobin- mother of Stephen), which would account for the naming of John and Elizabeth Tobin's second daughter Catherine. However, as Stephen claimed he was born in Newcastle which was held by <strong>James O'Brien</strong>, he may be his mother Elizabeth's father.</span> </div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">STEPHEN TOBIN'S MARRIAGE TO MARY DRISCOLL<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen Tobin married <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mary Driscoll</b> (b.c.1835, Tipperary) on 22 July 1857 at Clonmel, Co. Tipperary,</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> the same year they emigrated to Australia c.1857.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></a> (see above record)</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdy2JHEO7r3loznUzqZWd8ldaHiAher1E4aOtgVKvC-rnDISUmG37fppKjIwCZfhFJXTKh9i2JApsve0XoP2gyplJ5mAvTaHbSRKsRfTWCKJ6NaM7QgJlDM22YVDn0EQyW8_pbtjZryw8/s1600/possibly+Poulsen+home+at+Waverley.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdy2JHEO7r3loznUzqZWd8ldaHiAher1E4aOtgVKvC-rnDISUmG37fppKjIwCZfhFJXTKh9i2JApsve0XoP2gyplJ5mAvTaHbSRKsRfTWCKJ6NaM7QgJlDM22YVDn0EQyW8_pbtjZryw8/s640/possibly+Poulsen+home+at+Waverley.jpg" width="454" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>unnamed photo in family album, thought to be Mary Tobin nee Driscoll and daughter Katherine c.1898 Sydney</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Clonmel is the nearest large town to this region of Tipperary. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Clonmel in the late 1800's<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Mary Driscoll's </strong>death certificate states that she was born or baptised c.1839 at Clogheen Tipperary to parents <strong>Timothy Driscoll and Mary ‘Whitehead’:</strong> </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimzXnMlrTRDt_UeplM-B8eIOgk9EBc5IDLTeOU62bUZ3WqYXc5XBRJs3Orx1V43qJOrMaNwaqNlNo73aTdjGUPNGZ-hhnPjvv-0F6gS2wyWunlxUJbG99M4StGAzdBPCo_5OxGa7tmSy4/s1600/Death+cert+Mary+-+naming+parents.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" mwa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimzXnMlrTRDt_UeplM-B8eIOgk9EBc5IDLTeOU62bUZ3WqYXc5XBRJs3Orx1V43qJOrMaNwaqNlNo73aTdjGUPNGZ-hhnPjvv-0F6gS2wyWunlxUJbG99M4StGAzdBPCo_5OxGa7tmSy4/s400/Death+cert+Mary+-+naming+parents.jpg" width="266" /></a></div>
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(<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mary Tobin's death certificate, naming parents</span>)</div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">However, there is a baptismal record for:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mary Driscol, baptised 18 May 1835 in the Parish of Ballyporeen, address- Araglin; father Timothy Driscoll, mother Mary White, sponsors Edmund Lane and Ellen Quirk.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">[vii]</span></span></b></span></span></span></a></span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Original record- 18 May 1835- in Latin:</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>NLI- Catholic Parish records online- Parish of Templetenny Microfilm 02458/04, p.114</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Last line: 'Mariam, dau of Timothie Driskol and Maria White of Araglin'</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The reference to her birth at '<em>Clogheen</em>' in several BDM records, probably refers to the Clogheen Union which incorporates Araglin.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The only <strong>Edmund/Edmond Lanes </strong>(the sponsor<strong>) </strong> found in the <span style="color: blue;">Tithe Applotment Books of 1825-30</span> were two Edmund Lanes listed a few kms south of Rathcormick, about 15 kms SW of Araglin (at <b>Walshtown Beg and Cousane</b>), in the county of Cork. Walshbeg becomes relevant- see records on Driscolls near Dungourney and Lisgoold below.</span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Timothy Driscoll and Mary White</strong> had seven children in this area between 1830 and 1845 (note for 2 records, viz. for daughters Margaret and Ellen, the mother is named as <em>Margaret </em>White not <em>Mary</em> White- a clerical error). Notably, with the exception of their eldest child who was born a few miles north of Araglin at <b>Kilcarroon,</b> all of the other children were <b>born at Araglin or Barnahown</b> which is adjacent to Araglin (NB. a Patrick Tobin was living at Barnahown in the 1853 Griffths Valuation).</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>1.Eleanor Driscoll</strong>, baptised 25 Feb 1830, parish of Clogheen, address <b>Kilcarroon </b>( a couple of kms SE of Ballyporeen); sponsors Robert Fennell and Mary Smith (Microfilm 02453/04 Parish of Clogheen p.119)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>2.Patrick Driscoll</strong>, bap. 23 Feb 1833, parish of Ballyporeen, address <b>Araglin</b>; sponsors Michael Meagher and Mary Denlay (Microfilm Parish of Templetenny microfilm 02458/04 p.6)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>3.Mary Driscoll</strong>, BAP. 18 May 1835, parish of Ballyporeen, address <b>Araglin</b>; sponsors Edmund Lane, Ellen Quirke (Parish of Templetenny p.114)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>4.Ellen Driscoll</strong>, bap. 15 Oct 1837, parish of Ballyporeen, address <b>Barnahown</b> (adjacent to Araglin, on the Tipperary side of the border); sponsors James Hennessy and __ Parnell (Parish of Templetenny p.137)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>5.Thomas Driscoll</strong>, bap.1 April 1839, parish of Ballyporeen, address <b>Araglin</b>; sponsors David Quirke and Honora Lane (parish of Templetenny p.151)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>6.Margaret Driscoll</strong>, bap. 12 Sept 1841, parish of Ballyporeen, address <b>Barnahown</b>; sponsors <b>Denis Foley</b> and Mary Ahearn (Parish of Templetenny p.175)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>7.Catherine Driscoll</strong>, bap. 7 Feb 1845, parish of Ballyporeen, address <b>Araglin</b>; sponsors John Ahearn and Elizabeth Condon (Parish of Templetenny p.202)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">Notably the sponsors named as Ahearn and Denis Foley were substantial landholders at Barnahown.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">(source: RootsIreland.ie- Waterford Genealogy <a href="http://waterford.rootsireland.ie/index.php">http://waterford.rootsireland.ie/index.php</a> )</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: blue;">The NSW Australian Immigration Deposit Journals </span>(State Records NSW- on Ancestry.com) have the following records for two of Mary's siblings:</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><em>Return for month of June 1867 of Monies paid to be returned to the Depositors: Depositor <strong>Stephen Tobin</strong>- Nominees <strong>Patrick Driscoll</strong> Defaulted from the 'Burlington' £7 (ship arrived 16 Feb 1867); <strong>Margaret Driscoll </strong>Defaulted from the 'Light Brigade' (arrived 21 May 1867), £4.</em></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Nominee: <strong>Margaret Driscoll</strong>, age 20, Amt paid in colony towards passage: </span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£4. Note: Had Embarkation for the '<em>Burlington' </em>and the <em>'Light Brigade'</em> but from the latter vessell giving notice of her intention not to proceed. (SRNSW; Series 5266, Reel 2669)</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Nominee: <strong>Patrick Driscoll</strong>, 18, b.c.1840, laborer; Where living: <strong>Newcastle,</strong> Clonmel Co. Tipperary; Depositor Mary Whelan; Name of person of note to whom reference can be made respecting the Emigrants- the Parish Priest, Date 1858 (SRNSW; Series 5264, Reel 2669)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">The fact that Stephen Tobin was named as the 'Depositor' for two of Mary's siblings confirms that <b>her mother was named Mary 'White', not 'Whitehead'.</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Mary Driscoll's death certificate describes her father <b>Timothy Driscoll as decease</b>d, possibly referring to the time she left Ireland in 1857. In the same record her mother is not described as 'deceased' so may have still been alive when she left Ireland. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">However, there is a record of a death of a Timothy Driscoll in 1865, aged 65 (b.1800) at Midleton (east of Cork city) which is only a few miles south of Sheepwalk (see records and second map below). There are numerous Timothy Driscolls in Cork so this record may be irrelevant, but can't be dismissed. (Death record- Volume 9 p522 Reg. District Middleton Cork).</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">A newspaper article in 1847 in which Timothy Driscoll is called as a witness to the assault on Denis Foley, definitely refers to our Timothy. Foley was a godfather to Timothy's daughter Margaret baptised in 1841. At the time of the assault, Timothy and Foley were "cutting turf" which refers to cutting peat. In the Griffiths Valuation, Denis Foley leased 26 acres valued at </span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">£6.5s., and owned a house value 5s. at Doon which is adjacent to Araglin.</span><br />
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Tipperary Free Press</b></span></span></i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU"><span style="color: blue;"><b>,</b></span> 10 March 1847 (Findmypast)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Transcript:</span><br />
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Grievous assault<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Michael Roche was given in charge for assaulting Denis Foley at Doone,
on the 11<sup>th</sup> September; and in a 2<sup>nd</sup> count to do him
grievous bodily harm.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU"><b>Timothy Driscoll (an Irish witness)</b>, sworn- <b>Lives at Arragon (</b></span></i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU"><b>Araglin??</b><i><b>)</b>; knows <b>Denis Foley</b>, was
with him cutting turf on the 11<sup>th</sup> Sept. Last; Michael Roche came up
while they were cutting turf; Roche and Foley disputed about garden; they gave each other the lie; Roche
spit in Foley’s face, and Foley into Roche’s; Roche took up a stone and struck
Foley in the head, and broke his head, struck him a second time in the pole and
knocked him down and went away; Foley was then on the ground; got nothing to
swear this.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Prisoner- Oh! I’ll leave him to God, he’ll swear the buttons out o’ my
breeches (laughter).<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Denis Foley examined by Mr Scott- Remembers the day he was cutting turf.
Roche struck him with a spade, he was scolding about some ground, they gave one
another the lie; spit into one another’s face; Tim Driscoll put them asunder;
went again to cut turf; was struck by the prisoner, and was only able to walk
as far as the door for three months, cannot see well since.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">To Prisoner- Could see better before than since.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Prisoner- Ask him. Sir, of you please, before his Lordship, if his
grandmother was not blind altogether (loud laughter)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Dr Bradshaw sworn, and examined by Mr Scott QC… Is a medical man; was
called on to attend the last witness; he had a deep fracture on the left side
of the head.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">To the Court- The man’s life was in danger; he had not recovered the
injury since.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">To a Juror- Heard he was a delicate man before he got this blow; for
three or four months he could not see the light.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">His Lordship charged the jury, who without leaving the box, returned a
verdict of Guilty.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">NB- ‘cutting turf’ means cutting peat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="EN-AU">Foley leased land at Doon about 2-3 kms ENE of Araglin
, In the Griffiths Valuation, Denis Foley leased 26 acres, value £6.5s. and an
office value 5s, plus owned a house value 5s., adjacent to a John Foley who had
14 acres value £3.4s, at Doon/Araglin in Parish of Shanrahan ( land owned by
Earl of Mountcashel).<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="font-size: 12pt;">Notably, Timothy Driscoll was referred to as an "Irish witness", as native Irish had different standing in the courts at that time.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial";">There is also a record in the Irish Petty Sessions Court Register (1828-1912), dated 13 June 1857, of a <b>Timothy Driscoll, address Clonmel St Marys,</b> charged at the Clonmel Boro Court of "drunk and disorderly behaviour on public streets", and found guilty. This occurred just a month before Mary's marriage to Stephen.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">(Petty Session Order Books CSPS, 1/2852- FindMyPast):</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Whether this is the same Timothy Driscoll is inconclusive but seems likely.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Map showing Araglin, Ballyporeen, Newcastle, Barnahown, Kilcarroon and Lyrefune</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"">Araglin</span></b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""> is about 6 kms south of Ballyporeen (6 kms west of Clogheen) on the junction of the borders of Tipperary, Waterford and Cork, and is actually situated over the Cork border, but Mary Driscoll was baptised at Ballyporeen in Tipperary which is in the Lismore Waterford Baptismal Parishes. (from Clogheen, go into Ballyporeen and turn left following the road all the way to Araglin which is a very small farming community on the Araglin River- refer to MAP above). Ballyporeen would have been the closest townland to Araglin with a Catholic church, and was on the main road between Cork and Dublin.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>Origins of Timothy Driscoll</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There are numerous <b>Driscolls </b>named <b>Timothy</b> in the County of Cork named in the Griffiths Valuation and the Tithe Applotment Books, so it would appear that the name of <i>Timothy</i> is of historic significance to this family, along with the name <i>Cornelius</i>. Most of these '<i>Timothy Driscolls'</i> lived in the traditional SW of Cork, on or near the Beara Peninsula where the O'Driscolls ruled for centuries, however, the name is not so prevalent in the eastern baronies of Cork, but one family featuring this name was living just 20 kms south of Araglin in the Barony of Barrymore in eastern Cork.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably, no <b>Driscolls</b> are recorded at <b>Araglin or Barnahown</b>
in the<span style="color: blue;"> 1824/33 Tithe Applotment books or the 1853 Griffiths Valuation, </span>or for that matter anywhere in South Tipperary, which
indicates that <b>Timothy Driscoll</b> was not from the area. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As previously mentioned
an <b>Edmund and a James White</b> lived at
Araglin in <span style="color: blue;">1824/33 (Tithe Bks)</span>, which may be relevant, one of whom may possibly be Mary
White’s father. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Also, it should be remembered that all of Timothy Driscoll and Mary White's children were born at Araglin or Barnahown, except for their first daughter who was born at Kilcarroon.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The fact that Timothy and Mary named their first son <b>Patrick</b>, may be of relevance and could signify that Timothy's father was named <b>Patrick Driscoll;</b> or he may have been named after his father.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As Timothy appears to have gone to live near his wife's family, we will take a quick look at the records for Whites in this area.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Map of the Parish of Templetenny in Sth Tipperary in the Barony of Iffa & Offa West</b></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b><br /></b></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>The White Family:</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>(refer to detailed family history of the Whites of Clonmel in the last chapter-the Whites owned most of Clonmel up until Cromwell's time)</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>In<span style="color: blue;"> 1824/33 (Tithe Applotment Bks)</span></b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Edmund
White</b> leased 13 acres (7+3+3) at Araglin, </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(adjacent to a <b>Michael Tobin</b> who leased 24 acres. <b>Patrick Tobin</b> had 22 acres at Lyrefoun to the NW of Barnahown, and was still at Lyrefoun in the Griffiths Val with 32 acres plus a house and garden at Barnahown.)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>James White</b> leased 3 acres at Araglin. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Paul White</b> had 11 acres in Gortischiall/Gurtishall in the 1824-33 Tithe Bks.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>James White</b> had 9 acres at Glouncuna/Glenacuna between Gurtishall and Ballyporeen.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Mary White, </b>widow, was at Knocknagappul/Knocknagappagh east of Gurtishall.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Michael White</b>, 6 acres and <b>John White</b> 17 acres, at Coolagarranroe in Templetenny, which is now possibly Kilcarroon next to Gurtishall, or could be Coolagarranroe north of Ballyporeen, near Skeheenarinky</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Interestingly, a <b>James Grove White Esq.</b> was appointed the commissioner for the Parish of Newcastle to collect the tithes in Iffa & Offa West. Born 1791 in Lough Tipperary, died 1866 in Doneraile near Kilbyrne Nth Cork (about 25 kms WNW of Fermoy) the Whites having inherited the large estate there from one of the wives' Grove family of Doneraile in the late 1690's. The White family of Kilbyrne (15 kms east of Buttevant near Doneraile) were descendants of the <b>Whites of Dromana</b> in NW Co Waterford, just 20 kms SE of Araglin. This White family history is outlined in the last chapter on Irish Roots. It is likely that the Whites around Araglin also descended from the Dromana Whites who also settled in Clonmel.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> NB. <b>Dromana</b> SE of Araglin; <b>Kilbyrne/Kilburn</b> is 15 kms east of <b>Buttevant</b>.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;">1853 Griffiths Valuation, </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Edmund and James White</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> were no longer at Araglin.</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Eleanor White</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> was leasing a house and garden at </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gorteeshal/Gurtishall </b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">adjacent to and just north of </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Barnahown</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">, landlord Edward Sandiford Power who also owned much of Barnahown. Eleanor may have been the widow of Paul White who was at Gortischiall in the Tithe Bks, </span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">or Edmund or James White who lived close by</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">- notably Timothy and Mary's first daughter was named Eleanor and was born at </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Kilcarroon</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> which is adjacent to Gorteeshal. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Further away (but still in Iffa & Offa West), an <b>Edmund White</b> was just south of Ardfinnan at Ballybacon and Gortnalower, house & garden value £4; and <b>Richard White</b>, 28 acres value £19 at Coolagarrane/Killcarroon in Templetenny and 6 acres at Drumroe; <b>James White</b> at Kilcoran about 6 kms north of Clogheen. </span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Also notably, in the neighbouring <b>Cork</b> <b>Barony of Condons & Clangibbon</b>, there are several <b>Whites</b> living in the area west of Araglin, towards Fermoy:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <span style="color: blue;">1853 Griffiths Valuation:</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Michael White</b> leased 28 acres value </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£5 at <b>Gortnaskehy</b> which was on the Cork side border of Araglin and Barnahown, adjoining Barnahown- he also owned a house & 23 perches value 12s.;</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Maurice White</b> leased 12 acres value </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£2 at <b>Billeragh East</b> adjacent to the west of Gortnaskehy;</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Timothy and Patrick White</b> leased 61 acres at <b>Ballymuddagh</b>, about 2 kms SE of Araglin;</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>William White </b>leased a house and 21 acres value<b> </b></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£2</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b> </b>at <b>Cronohill</b> adjoining Ballymuddagh to the south); </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Thomas White</b> leased 21 acres value </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£2 from the Earl of Mountcashel</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> at <b>Kilclogh near Macrony Upper,</b> just NE of Kilworth;</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It is highly likely that all of these Whites were related to some degree, as it is such a small area.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">About 1 km NW of Fermoy is a townland named <b>Whitecity</b>, presumably named after Whites who lived there in the past. A book "Families of Co Cork Ireland", Volume 4, by Michael C. O'Laughlin states that "<i>several of the name of White are given in the 1851 census of the Union of <b>Kilworth</b> (NW of Fermoy), and the 'Wheite' family name is given as a principal name in Co. Cork in the Census of 1659."</i></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Map of the Barony of Condons and Clangibbon in Cork where it adjoins Araglin on the border of Tipperary and Cork</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>In the Barony of Condons and Clangibbon, </b>near the families of Whites living in that region, a<b> Patrick Driscoll</b> was leasing 16 acres valued at </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£10 at<b> Ballynalackan</b> about 4 kms ENE of Fermoy, on the River Blackwater, and just south of Kilclogh - notably <b><i>'Patrick' </i></b>was the name of Timothy Driscoll's first son.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Araglin (in the Tipperary Barony of Iffa and Offa West) </b>was on the border of Tipperary, Waterford, and Cork, and the Cork <b>Barony of Barrymore</b> is
situated south of Araglin, adjoining the <b>Barony of Condons & Clangibbon which separates Iffa & Offa from Barrymore.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Baronies of Cork, showing <b>Barony of Barrymore,</b> marked <span style="color: red;">*</span> south of <span style="color: red;"><b>ARAGLIN</b></span> on the border (<b>Barony of Iffa & Offa West),</b> and the <b>Barony of Condons & Clangibbon</b>, north of Barrymore</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> ( 19th century map from Rootsweb)</span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Map showing area in question between Araglin and Midleton in Co. Cork</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>A number of Driscolls can be found in the Barony of Barrymore, adjoining the Barony of Condons and Clangibbon to the south, in the early to mid 19th century, including, significally, a Timothy Driscoll, which will now be looked at:</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In
the <span style="color: blue;"><b>Tithe Applotment Books 1824-33:</b></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Timothy Driscoll</b> co-leased 127 acres 1 rood & 22 perches with William Keliher, at <b>Young-grove in the Parish of Dungourney, </b> from the landlord Cozens Foulke Esq. </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Richard Driscoll</b> and John Troy leased 25 acres at nearby <b>Rathoroan</b> (now Rathorgan, a couple of miles west of <b>Clonmult)</b> ;</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>John Driscoll</b> leased 121 acres at <b>Condonstown, just north of Clonmult</b> (in the Parish of Clonmult,
just north of Dungourney).</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Cornelius
Driscoll</b> leased part of Bailey Bog Farm with two others, at <b>Glannaruske/Glenruske
in Parish of Castlelyons</b> to the north, near Fermoy, and also owned a house and yard in Fermoy (Cross Street) which he leased out, valued </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£1</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">;</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>John Driscoll </b>had a
house and “kitchengarden” at <b>Conna in Parish of Knockmourne,</b> just to the east
of Castlelyons, and also leased a house and 26 perches value <o:p></o:p></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£1, another house & garden value 7s and a 'pound' value 15s. at <b>The Park</b> just south of Aghern, between Conna and Castlelyons.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably there were several Tobins living in the Dungourney/Clonmult area- <b>James and John Tobin </b>leased 17 acres at Donickmore near Clonmult; and <b>Edward and Michael Tobin</b> leased 62 acres at Ballymona North near Clonmult.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In
the <span style="color: blue;"><b>1848-53 Griffiths Valuation:</b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Timothy Driscoll was at now at Sheepwalk</b>,
still in the <b>Parish of Dungourney </b>(about 1km west of Dungourney). He leased 75 acres of land valued at £52, and owned three
houses, valued at 10s. 18s and 10s. One was leased to a <b>Daniel Murphy</b>, the relevance of which may become apparent shortly.
Sheepwalk was just a couple of kms north of Young-grove- notably Wm Keleher
was still at Young-grove but only leasing 8 acres and the landlord was now John
Turpin. Presumably this was the same Timothy Driscoll who was at Young-grove in 1824-33.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A
<b>John Driscoll</b> leased 61 acres value £39 at <b>Glenbeg,</b> between
Sheepwalk and Young-grove (Parish of Dungourney).<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>John Driscoll</b> leased 105 acres
valued at £45, at <b>Condonstown</b> and owned 3 houses valued at 8s., 6s., and 6s. (just
north of Clonmult) . This would be the same John Drsicoll who was leasing there in 1824-33. He may be the same John leasing at Glenbeg.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Richard Driscoll</b> leased a house, offices and garden at <b>Clonmult</b> valued £1.5s. This may be the same Richard Driscoll who was at Rathroan in 1824-33, and maybe now retired and living in the village of Clonmult.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Daniel Driscoll</b>, at nearby <b>Garryduff</b>
(also Parish of Clonmult) leased a house and garden and 1 rood 32 perchers
value £1, and owned a vacant house value 2s.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">These
Driscolls all appear to be closely related as they are situated within a small area. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Map of relevant townlands in Barony of Barrymore</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Distance- approximately 20 kms from Fermoy to Dungourney</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The
only other Driscolls in this area, were a <b>Timothy
Driscoll</b> in the south of the Barony at <b>Ballyvodock</b> near Midelton and Carricktohill (house and
garden 6s); nearby at <b>Carrigtohill </b>a <b>John Driscoll</b> leased 17 acres value </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">£18 and owned a house value 15s, and a <b>Daniel Driscoll</b> owned two houses valued 12s. and 4s.;</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">and
a <b>Timothy Driscoll</b> at <b>Mitchelsfort</b>
(house value 10s) NW of Lisgoold, and near Watergrasshill.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In the <span style="color: red;"><b>1766 Religious Census:</b></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> <b>Darby Driscoll</b> was at <b>Ligoold and Ballykerany </b>(Ballycurrany- just SW of Lisgoold)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>John Driscoll</b> at <b>Clonmult (near Dungourney)</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>David Driscoll </b>at<b> Midleton</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Timothy Driscoll </b>and<b> Darby Driscoll </b>at<b> Town of Cloyne (south of Midleton)</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Darby Driscoll </b>and<b> James Driscoll </b>at<b> Castleroche (10kms west of Fermoy)</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably, the <b>Darby Driscoll at Lisgoold</b>, and the <b>John Driscoll at Clonmult,</b> could be the forebears of the Driscolls named near Dungourney in the 1824 Tithe Applotment Books and the 1853 Griffiths Valuation</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>In the <i><span style="color: red;">County Cork, Ireland: A Collection of 1841/51 Census Records , (by J Masterson)</span></i>:</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Cornelius Driscoll 35, Head, labourer</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Ann Driscoll, 21, wife</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Cornelius Driscoll, 3 mths, son</b></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;">Genealogical DNA Testing:</span><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> DNA testing is becoming the new genealogical tool in trying to determine where one’s ancestors originated, when the paper trail stops. One of the companies, FamilyTree DNA offers a “Family Finder” test and matches those who share a common ancestor, and suggests the degree of closeness. eg. <i>2<sup>nd</sup>-4<sup>th</sup> cousin, 3<sup>rd</sup>-5<sup>th</sup> cousin, distant cousin, etc.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">My test was found to have a “<b>3rd-5th cousin</b>” match, with three others of Irish descent (two living in USA and one in Canada), namely <span style="color: red;"><b>Person 1 (EP)</b></span>, <span style="color: blue;"><b>Person 2 (ML),</b></span> and <span style="color: #00b050;"><b>Person 3 (DS)</b></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The test suggests "4<sup>th</sup> cousin" relationship, but due to the known facts about the grandparents' marriages, it is more likely "5th cousins", and therefore sharing a grandparent in the time frame of circa 1750-1800.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">To put it simply:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: #1f497d;">I shared 13 chromosomal segments with </span><span style="color: #00b050;"><b>Person 3</b></span><span style="color: #1f497d;"><b>;</b> 10 with </span><span style="color: blue;"><b>Person 2</b></span><span style="color: #1f497d;"><b>;</b> and 7 with </span><span style="color: red;"><b>Person 1</b></span><span style="color: #1f497d;">, however, the important segments to compare are the chromosomes where the<b> size of the shared segment is largest,</b> measured in centiMorgans, viz. cM's, which occur in <b>Chromosome 9</b>. </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: #1f497d;">In <b>Chromosome 9</b>, the values of the <b>cM</b> (centiMorgans) are </span><b><span style="color: red;">20.76cM with Person 1</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">;</span><span style="color: #1f497d;"> </span><span style="color: blue;">13.39cM with Person 2; </span>and<span style="color: blue;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050;">13.15cM with Person 3</span></b><span style="color: #1f497d;">;</span><span style="color: #1f497d;">- apparently, only those segments with values over 10cM should be considered important, which therefore makes these three people significant, and indicates a relationship of about 4th-5th cousins, thereby sharing 3x to 5x great grandparents (see relationship chart below). Notably the other shared chromosomes in each of these people had low values, well below 10 cM and are therefore discounted when determining close relationships. As I share the largest segment with </span><span style="color: red;"><b>Person 1</b></span><span style="color: #1f497d;">, his forebears are probably more closely related than the other two.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: #1f497d;">eg.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Comparison table showing shared chromosomal segments and the values in cM of each segment, between me and Person 1</b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNHNvBccAi3-vK15Q78L-i3v42LRkymJI9TY3YOMk2yrrZdw4ZKPdIDega_uO14nB5a6w8sUfrwcnkxfTvdLQhRLA739pnM6w-qCXixsMh_3hYG7lRtVaHxZUhPqbtOiGgoV_qoiKZhSI/s1600/1.relationship+chart+for+Tobin,+Driscoll,+White,+OBrien.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="538" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNHNvBccAi3-vK15Q78L-i3v42LRkymJI9TY3YOMk2yrrZdw4ZKPdIDega_uO14nB5a6w8sUfrwcnkxfTvdLQhRLA739pnM6w-qCXixsMh_3hYG7lRtVaHxZUhPqbtOiGgoV_qoiKZhSI/s1600/1.relationship+chart+for+Tobin,+Driscoll,+White,+OBrien.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: #1f497d;"> </span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Notably, two of the DNA matches have known ancestors who come from this area in the <b>Barony of Barrymore in Cork</b>:</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="color: red;"><b>Person 1</b> </span><span style="font-size: small;">has ancestors of the name of </span><b>Murphy</b><span style="font-size: small;"> (specifically, </span><b>Daniel Murphy</b><span style="font-size: small;">) thought to be from the </span><b>Ballymurphy</b><span style="font-size: small;"> area in the Parish of Knockmourne (about 10 kms to the north of Dungourney/Clonmult, and a few kms south of Araglin), but could the <b>Daniel Murphy</b> who was leasing a house from <b>Timothy Driscoll at Sheepwalk</b> also be related? There was also a record in the Griffiths Val. of a Daniel Murphy at Moydilliga a few kms north of Ballymurphy. The Griffiths Valuation shows numerous Murphys living in this NE area of Cork.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Person 2</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> has </span><b>Hartnetts</b><span style="font-size: small;"> and </span><b>Barrys</b><span style="font-size: small;"> from </span><b>Lisgoold</b><span style="font-size: small;"> which is only a couple of kms west of Sheepwalk, and </span><b>Kiley/Power</b> from Cork.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There are few records of Hartnetts in this area, and a <b>John and William Hartnett</b> leased 80 acres and 78 acres in the Tithe Applotment Books of 1824-33, and were still in the area of Gortacrue adjacent to Young-grove, and near <b>Lisgoold</b>, in 1853. <span style="color: blue;"><b>Person 2's</b></span> 2xGreat Grandfather, <b>Patrick Thomas Hartnett, </b>born in Lisgoold parish Co Cork in the mid 1800's, was son of <b>William Hartnett and Mary Barry</b>, emigrated to Iowa and died there in 1923. Patrick was <b>married to Catherine Powers </b>born 1850 Co Cork. She was the daughter of <b>Patrick Powers </b>and <b>Nancy Kiley of Cork, </b>both of whom moved to Iowa USA. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably, an </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Edmund Kiley</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> leased 19 acres from <b>Edward Sandiford Power</b> at Barnahown adjacent to Araglin (half of the Driscoll children were born at Barnahown).</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>William Hartnett and Mary Barry</b> also had issue: Mary, Joanna, Thomas, John, Cathrine, James, William, Michael and Elen, all born at Lisgoold in the mid 19th century. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <b>Barrys</b> were numerous throughout this Barony, as they were descendants of the Earl of Barrymore who was granted 10,000 acres in the Barony in 1668. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Person 2</b> </span>also had 2x Great Grandfather <b>John Smith from Tipperary Ireland</b>, born in 1800's, married to Susan Catherine Corcoran from Co Roscommon before emigrating to San Francisco.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Another DNA match (<b><span style="color: magenta;">M.D.-Person 4</span></b>) shares 21 segments of <b>7.79cM on Chromosome 7,</b> and lists <b>Driscoll and Hartnett of Co Cork</b> as her ancestors.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">And another match (<b><span style="color: #674ea7;">C.H.-Person 5</span></b>) shares 12 segments of <b>8.85cM also on Chromosome 7 </b>and in the same segment as <span style="color: magenta;">M.D. Person 4</span><b>. </b>She lists <b>Maurice Driscoll (b. 1826 Cork) and Mary O'Brien (b.1835 Cork)</b> as her ancestors (their daughter Catherine Driscoll born USA in 1857). She also has a <b>Jeremiah O'Brien</b> (m. Johannah Corbett), father of a second Margaret O'Brien b.1866 Macroom, Cork, m. Michael Lucy of Macroom, Cork- 30 kms west of Cork City ).The match there could be the O'Brien link as well as Driscoll.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The only known link with <span style="color: lime;"><b>Person 3</b></span> is a female <b>Murphy</b>, although the Murphy was born in the USA in 1768, which is too early to match our time period, so the match may come from one of her siblings and their descendants. And while I share a 13.15 cM segment with <span style="color: lime;"><b>Person 3</b></span>, <span style="color: red;"><b>Person 1</b></span> also has a 12 cM shared segment with <b><span style="color: lime;">Person 3.</span></b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Another DNA match (<b><span style="color: #a64d79;">K. Murphy P. -Person 6</span></b>) listed as a remote cousin (K. Murphy P.) DNA match also has a Murphy ancestor, sharing 9 segments of <b>9.18cM</b> on <b>Chromosome 11.</b></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Notably, Persons 1,2 and 3 are also on each others list of matches which means the four families are connected from this period and area.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">According to the Murphy descendant:- of the members of the
<b>Murphy sept</b> found in central / western Co Cork and Co Kerry, male
DNA analysis shows them to be an unrelated group of Murphys not genetically linked to the Murphys who settled in and around Fermoy.
The Murphy clan in eastern Cork/Southern Tipperary and Western Waterford have
been proven to descend from an old Gaelic sept originally located in Leinster -
known as the <b>Irish Sea Murphys.</b> Scientific research has determined there are 11
separate groups of Murphys in Ireland - each with its own unique Y-DNA
signature. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This testing would appear to confirm that our <b>Timothy Driscoll</b> was probably related to the Timothy Driscoll at Young-grove and Sheepwalk in the early to mid 19th century. As our Timothy was based near Araglin for the births of his children between 1830 and 1845, that suggests that he was not the Timothy at Sheepwalk, but possibly a son, or nephew, maybe the son of the <b>John Driscoll</b> of Condonstown or Glenbeg.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Is it possible that Timothy Driscoll of Young-grove/Sheepwalk or the John Driscoll of Condonstown, was married to a woman named Murphy? And the link with the Hartnett family could be from nearby Lisgoold where a John and William Hartnett leased 80acres and 78 acres in the Tithe Applotment Books?</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">However, there is also the possibility that the link is with the White family who were prevalent in northern-eastern Cork around the Cork-Tipperary border region (and quite close to the Ballymurphy area), or the Tobin family, or the O'Brien family who were numerous throughout this region, and unless further records, or DNA matches are found, these relationships will remain speculative.</span><br />
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(My thanks to John Murphy for his help in interpreting these results)</span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">OTHER TOWNLANDS OF INTEREST in TIPPERARY, BARONY OF IFFA & OFFA</span></b><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Ballyporeen</strong> was the ancestral home of US President <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Ronald Reagan</b> whose great grandfather Michael Regan was baptized there in 1829, and lived in the village until 1851 when he emigrated to London then the United States in 1857. A David and Bryan Regan lived at Skeheenarinky as well. </span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <strong>Clogheen Union</strong> included <strong>Cahir, Newcastle, Ardfinnan, Skeheenarinky, Clogheen, Ballyporeen, Araglin and Kilbehenny.</strong></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Ballyporeen</strong> is thought to have begun sometime after a small earlier settlement grew around the castle at Newcastle just north of the current village. The castle is of unknown date but likely the 15th or 16th century. The village was on the main coach road between Cork and Dublin in the 18th century and this would have led to passing trade and the provision of boarding houses and inns for travellers. A mill, thought to be a dye works, known as Kingston's Mills, was in the lower Main Street, and this provided employment until at least 1809. The main landlord in the area, the King family , Earls of Kingston, whose seat was Mitchelstown Castle, owned the market rights to the estate. Large open air markets were held in the village in May, August and December each year. The 2nd Earl initiated an ambitious building program across the estate in the late 1700's. Rents were nominal in the village to attract shopkeepers and tradespeople. Samuel Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of Ireland 1837 describes Ballyporeen as being on the coach road from Cork to Dublin containing 113 houses and 513 inhabitants.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Ballyporeen in the 1960's</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Great Famine of 1845-50 had a devastating effect in the area and hundreds died of malnutrition or committed themselves to the Workhouse at Clogheen, emigrated, or died of starvation. After the famine, the Kingstons were forced to sell off much of their estate in the 1850's including the village itself which became the property of <strong>Henry O'Brien. </strong></span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Griffiths Valuation records of 1853 show many properties owned by <strong>Henry O'Brien</strong> in Ballyporeen, leased to others including some by the name of O'Brien (John, James, Thomas, and Eleanor) and a Maurice Tobin. Henry O'Brien personally had 34 acres plantation, 52 acres house, offices and land, and a further 15 acres of land, total value about <span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">£</span>78.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">(Notably, James O'Brien has descendants living in Australia.)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">The sell-off of the Kingston estate could explain why the Tobins left the area. The Tithe Applotment Books of 1823-1837 also name <strong>Henry O'Brien</strong> in this area, notably in Skeheenaranky, and a <strong>James O'Brien</strong> was the landholder of most of Newcastle.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Skeheenarinky</strong> was once the location of an mansion called Galtee Castle, built for the 2nd Earl of Kingston dated from the late 18th century (demolished in 1941). As mentioned, the Tithe Applotment Books of 1823-37 name a <strong>John Tobin</strong> at Skeheenarinky. The 1853 Griffiths Valuation has a <strong>John Tobin Senior and a John Tobin Junior</strong> named there, but as Stephen's father John Tobin died in 1837, these records therefore may be irrelevant.</span></span> <span style="font-family: "arial";"></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Driscolls </b>(O’Driscoll or O’Hederiscoll<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">)</b> were an ancient Irish family who ruled County Cork, and parts of County Kerry for many centuries. The name <strong>Timothy </strong>is common in the Driscoll family heritage. There are numerous ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><strong>Timothy Driscolls’</strong></i> in Co. Cork records, but none of that name are to be found in early nineteenth century records in Tipperary or near Araglin in Co Cork. In the 1823-37 Tithe Applotment Books there are numerous references to Timothy Driscolls (often shortened to ‘Tim’ or Timy’), many of them appear to refer to the same man due to the close proximity of the properties named. All of them are concentrated in the SW corner of Co. Cork, with many in the area between Bandon and Enniskean, south near Clonakilty, and others down in the far west peninsulas (Mizen Head and Brow Head, and SheepsHead, and the Beara Peninsula), and near Bantry, and around Skibbereen, all within about 100 kms distance (ie. baronies of West and east Carbery). One or two lived in Cork city.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>County Cork</strong></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <span style="color: blue;">Irish Petty Sessions Court Registers </span>name numerous Timothy Driscolls from Cork, and there are also several references in County Tipperary during the 1850's- the earlier ones (1853-1857) are mostly from the town of Tipperary, and later ones in the 1860s in Nenagh in north Tipperary, and their relevance is doubtful. However, the record for a Timothy Driscoll in Clonmel St Marys (see above) is probably relevant.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><u><span style="color: blue;">STEPHEN TOBIN'S LIFE IN TIPPERARY<o:p></o:p></span></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Not much is known of Stephen’s life in Ireland- he was 32 years of age when he left Ireland. His elder sister Catherine had emigrated to the colony of New South Wales in 1842 when she was 18 years of age. Sometime before 1849, his younger sister Ellen had been placed in the Clonmel Workhouse. Whether her mother and two younger brothers were also in the workhouse is unknown. At the age of 17 years, Ellen was chosen as one of 190 young 'orphan' girls to emigrate to Australia under Earl Gray's Orphan Emigration Scheme, arriving in Adelaide South Australia in December 1849. (see chapter on Ellen Tobin)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">There is a record in the Irish Petty Sessions which may be relevant:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Irish Petty Sessions Court Registers 1857</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Date: 9 September 1857: No. 125</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Complainant: <strong>Eliza Tobin of St Mary's Clonmel</strong></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Defendent: Rebecca Mach(?) St Mary's</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><em>Complaint: Refusing to pay complainant five shillings for work and labor done at Clonmel.</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Order: To pay to Complt. five shillings for work done and for costs</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">If this relates to Stephen's mother Eliza Tobin, she was still alive and living in St Mary's Clonmel after his departure for Australia, and working for her living.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There is also a record in the Griffiths Valuation of Ireland, for County Cork which may be relevant. Most of the valuations in Co. Cork were done between 1850 and 1852, completed in 1853. There was a <strong>Stephen Tobin </strong>who leased two pieces of land at <strong>Gortgarriff </strong>on the far east coast of Cork, on the northern coast of <strong>Beara Peninsula </strong>(opposite Caherdaniel on the map above). And significantly, a <strong>Timothy Driscoll</strong> leased the adjacent block.</span></span><br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Gortgarriff, parish of Kilcatherine, Bears, Cork- leased from the Earl of Bantry: <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No. 11b- <b>Timothy Driscoll</b>, with John Leary and Patrick Sullivan- House, offices and land totaling 27 acres, value £6.8s<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No 13- <b>Stephen Tobin-</b> House and land 8 acres, value £4.15s<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No. 17 (Kilcatherine adjacent to Gortgarriff)- <b>Stephen Tobin</b>- Land 9 acres value £4.8s<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A James Driscoll leased No. 1.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Griffths Valuation- Gortgarriff & Kilcatherine land plots</strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";">11= Timothy Driscoll; 13 & 17= Stephen Tobin</span></strong></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">He may have leased these properties during his military service time. However, this may be just a coincidence as the name is quite common in Ireland- there are numerous ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Stephen Tobins’</i> named in various counties in the Griffiths Valuation, although not in Tipperary, and the name Timothy Driscoll is also numerous in this SW area of the Cork peninsula.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Looking back at the 1827 Tithe Applotment Books for Kilcatherine, there are three Driscoll records and two Tobin records in this area:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>W. Kilcateerin</b> Lord Bantry (Kilcatherine)- No. 389 <b>Darby Driscoll </b>and No. 394 <b>Pat Driscoll</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Cahirkeen</b> Lord Bantry (Caherkeen)- No. 035 <b>Darby Driscoll</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Urhin</b> Lord Bantry- No. 063 <b>Ned Tobin</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Inches</b> Lord Bantry- No 209 <b>Robert Tobin</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(<b><u><span style="color: #006600;">http://corkgen.org/publicgenealogy/cork/titheapplot/kilcatherine/tithe.html)</span></u></b></span><br />
<b><u><span style="color: #006600;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span></span></u></b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">These may have been the forefathers of the Timothy Driscoll and Stephen Tobin in the Griffiths record. The name 'Darby Driscoll' appears in the eastern baronies of Cork also.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There are eleven marriage records of Timothy Driscolls/O'Driscolls in the Eyeries, Allihies, Bere Island and Castletownbere area, near Kilcatherine, on the Beara Peninsula, no date given but appear to be in the 1800's, so the name is common there.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~colin/DriscollOfCork/Marriages.htm)</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A list of Bantry (Cork) born soldiers
discharged prior to 1853, (taken from the National Archives UK) lists a <b><i>Timothy
Driscoll, place of birth: Bantry or Kilmocomague Parish</i></b> (which
covers an extensive area extending from Bantry, down the Bear Peninsula), <b><i>86th
Foot Regiment, Discharged aged 32: covering dates: 1819-1833. </i></b>(http://corkgen.org)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Looking at his service record, Timothy
Driscoll joined the 86th in Dublin in October 1819 at the age of 18, and served
as a private, mostly in the West Indies. His record states that his service
record was "indifferent" as he spent long periods of time in Hospital
suffering from "Intemperence". He also suffered from fevers and a
cough, sometimes bloody, and was medically discharged in 1833.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">After serving in India from 1799 to 1819, the
86th regiment returned to England in April 1820 and 250 recruits joined the
regiment from Ireland. In 1821, it occupied quarters at <b>Waterford </b>until
April 1822 when they moved to Dublin, and in 1826 sailed to the West Indies
where they remained until 1837- they had lost 5 officers and 299 soldiers,
mostly to fever, and brought back 424 men to England and Ireland. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Ref: Cannon,
Richard, <i>Historical Record of the Eighty-sixth, or the Royal Co. Down
Regiment of Foot, </i>London, 1842- online at <i>archive.org-</i> an
interesting read on the service of this regiment)</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Whether this refers to our Timothy Driscoll can't be determined. However, the fact that his first two children were born in Feb 1830 and Feb 1833 would suggest not.</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>STEPHEN TOBIN'S MILITARY SERVICE IN INDIA</b></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen's obituary would describe him as</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">"intellectually and physically, a splendid specimen of Irish manhood, and his tall, soldier-like figure and his cheery voice will long be pleasantly remembered."</i><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In a statement Stephen Tobin made in 1897, he said he was “<i><b>for years</b> <b>Sergeant in the British Army</b></i><b>”</b> (</span></span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate, Parramatta</i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif">, Sat. 28 August 1897)</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">An article in the </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Freeman's Journal </i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Sydney- Saturday 19 December 1896 p.28) stated that <i>Stephen carried with him <b>credentials from Sir Henry Norman (then Governor of Queensland) with whose regiment he served in India. </b></i> </span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">During the height of the Irish famine in the 1840's, many desperate young Irish men joined the British army, or the private armies of the East India Company. At this time, Britain was not involved in any major conflicts, apart from the Anglo-Sikh War in 1845/6 and 1848/9 in the Punjab, resulting in complete annexation of the Punjab by the East India Co. The East India Company ruled the beginnings of the British Empire in India. Formed to pursue trade with the East Indies, the company ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent, China and the NW Frontier Province. The East India Company came to rule large areas of India with its own private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. The Company's rule in India lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act of 1858 led the British Crown to assume direct control of India in the new British Raj. Before the Indian Rebellion, the three independent armies of the company's Presidencies, with some locally raised irregular forces, expanded to a total of 280,000 men by 1857. The Bengal Army was the army of the Bengal Presidency, and its main source of recruitment were high caste Brahmans and Rajputs, under the command of British officers. During the 1840's and early 1850's numbers of Nepalese Gurkhas and Sikhs from the Punjab were accepted, serving in separate units.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In a toast given by Tobin for the army at a dinner, he gave an
insight into his army service (<i><span style="color: blue;">Logan
Witness</span></i>, Beenleigh, Sat 21 Aug 1886 p3- Banquet for Mr Stevens MLA) :<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Dr
Geoghegan proposed a toast to “The Navy and Army”-(laughter)- whilst the
English army was the most insignificant in Europe, the British Navy was the
greatest in the world. He drew an amusing and ludicrous picture of the
Southport Volunteers marching out to meet an enemy when loud calls for Mr Tobin
were made.<o:p></o:p></span></i><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Mr S.
Tobin, said he thought his friend was a little astray as to the precedence of
the two services. The Army preceded the Navy on all occasions. (Cheers) It was
all very well for a bit of a sailor boy to blow about fighting when they know
they had their heads safely jammed behind 15 or 18 inches of armor plate, but
he could boast of that service that went to fight sword in hand and man to man-
(Cheers) without any plating but their red jackets. (Cheers) In the <b>Sikh war of
1848,</b> he was an able bodied soldier, and was ordered out to India under <b>Lord
Gough</b>, where they made short work of Shere Ali, Mere Ali and a lot of ‘Alis' (Cheers) He had been no drawing room soldier; but was in the ranks and fought
through a frightful war in a bad climate. (Cheers)</i><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lord Gough, Hugh Gough 1<sup>st</sup> Viscount Gough, born in
Limerick Ireland in 1779, served in the British Army during the French
Revolutionary Wars, the Peninsula Wars and the First Opium War in China before
becoming Commander-in-Chief of the Bengal Army in India in 1843 and led the British Forces in
action against the Mahrattas defeating them decisively at the conclusion of the
Gwalior Campaign and then commanded the troops that defeated the Sikhs during
both the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1845 and the Second Anglo-Sikh War which
started in 1848, in which he again took to the field commanding in person at
the <b>Battle of Ramnagar</b> in November 1848 and at the <b>Battle of Chillianwala</b> in
January 1849. He was criticized for relying on frontal assault by infantry
rather than using artillery and was replaced as commander-in-chief by Sir
Charles Napier but, before news of his replacement had arrived, Gough achieved
a decisive victory over the Sikhs in the <b>Battle of Gujarat</b> in February 1849.
For this he became known as the ‘hammer of the Sikhs’. He then retired from
active service and returned to Ireland.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">To understand Tobin's role in India, we can outline <b>Sir Henry Norman'</b>s well documented army career.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Field Marshall Sir Henry Wylie Norman</b> was a senior Indian Army officer who served in the <b>Second Anglo-Sikh War</b>. He joined the family merchant firm in Calcutta in 1842 and then persuaded his father to let him join the Bengal Army. He was commissioned as ensign in the <b>31st Bengal Native Infantry</b> in March 1845. He was posted to Lahore in 1846 and, having been promoted to lieutenant in December 1847, took part in the <b>Battle of Ramnagar in November 1848, the Battle of Chillianwala in January 1849 and the Battle of Gujarat in February 1849 </b>during the Second Anglo-Sikh War. Having attracted the favourable notice of Sir Colin Campbell, Norman was selected by Campbell to accompany an expedition against the <b>Kohat Pass Afridis in 1850</b> as officiating brigade-major. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As a subaltern he was noted for a splendid deed of gallantry, heading a rescue of some badly injured men who had been descending a precipitous mountain under fire in the pass of Kohat and had taken shelter under some rocks. Under fire from the enemy, Norman and Ensign Murray of the 70th NI and some sepoys ascended the rocks in defiance of the enemy and brought the wounded men down. Norman served in numerous frontier expeditions between 1850 and 1854 and in the suppression of the<b> Santhal rebellion of 1855 to 1856</b> before becoming assistant adjutant general in India in May 1856. The 31st Bengal Native Infantry escaped the mutiny in 1857 and the subsequent disbandment to survive into the post-Mutiny army.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Apart from his participation in the Second Anglo-Sikh War of 1848-49, which of the other campaigns Tobin served is not known, but he must have been a <b>sergeant in the 31st Bengal Native Infantry under his officer, Lt. Henry Norman. </b>He was the same age as Henry Norman who was born in December 1826, so presumably joined the army around the mid 1840's.</span><br />
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<b>The Second Anglo-Sikh War, or, the Punjab Campaign</b>- 1848-49</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> The President in Lahore sent two officers to Multan to compel the local viceroy to pay increased taxes and to relieve him, at his own request, of the fortress. The officers were murdered by the garrison and this encouraged an uprising of rebellious troops against the Sikh government. After some initial actions, the British East India Company sent a substantial force under <b>Sir Hugh Gough</b>. He led his main force against Sher Singh’s army, which defended
the line of the River Chenab against Gough for several weeks. On 22 November,
the Sikhs repelled a British cavalry attack on a bridgehead on the eastern side
of the river at the <b>Battle of Ramnagar</b>. Although they subsequently withdrew
from their exposed bridgehead, the Sikhs regarded the battle as a victory.
Gough forced his way across the Chenab in December and outflanked the Sikhs
defending the fords, but his cavalry then paused to await infantry
reinforcements, allowing the Sikhs to withdraw without interference. At the
start of 1849, Amir Dost Mohammed Khan of Afghanistan side with the rebellious
Sikhs, who agreed to cede the city of Peshawar and its surrounding area which
had been conquered by Ranjit Singh early in the 19<sup>th</sup> century. Gough
was ordered to destroy Sher Singh’s army. On 13 January 1849, Sher Singh had
cunningly concealed his army, and Gough was faced with withdrawing, or
attacking when it was late in the say. Gough unhesitatingly took the latter
course and the resulting <b>Battle of Chillianwallah</b> was desperately fought. Gough’s
troops, attacking into thick scrub without effective artillery support,
suffered heavy losses. Three days of heavy rain followed, discouraging both
sides from renewing battle, after which both withdrew. Gough’s losses were
severely criticized and he was replaced as Commander-in-Chief by General
Napier, although some blame was put on several senior officers who had proved
unable to command their units effectively. As Gough’s army closed in on the
Khalsa, Sher Singh attempted a last outflanking move, sending cavalry to cross
the Chenab, and re-cross in Gough’s rear. They were thwarted by heavy rains
which made the river difficult to cross. On 13 February, Gough attacked the
Khalsa at the <b>Battle of Gujurat</b>. Here, he began the battle with a 3 hour
bombardment from almost 100 guns, which drove the Sikhs from their hasty
entrenchments. He then sent his cavalry and horse artillery after them in a
pursuit which lasted for four hours. On March 12, Sher Singh and Chatter Singh
surrendered near Rawalpindi. Some 20,000 men laid down their arms, and the
Afghan contingent hastily withdrew through Attock and Peshawar, which the
British reoccupied, and Khan later signed a treaty acknowledging British
possession of these cities. On 30 March, Duleep Sigh held his last court at
Lahore, at which he signed away all claims to the rule of the Punjab. Gough
received rewards for his services, although his tactics at Chillianwalla were
to be questioned for the remained of his life.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">(Ref: Wikipedia- Second Anglo-Sikh war)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Major battles at Chillianwala and Gujerat</b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> led to the surrender of the Sikhs. The British annexed the Punjab and the child MahaRaja Duleep Singh went into exile.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Order of Battle of the Army of the Punjab at the Battle of Ramnagar:</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><br abp="725" />Commander-in-Chief- Major-General Sir Hugh Gough</b><br abp="726" /><b> Cavalry Division: Brigadier General Cureton.</b><br abp="727" /> 1st Brigade: Brigadier White; HM 3rd Light Dragoons, HM 14th Light Dragoons, 5th and 8th BLC.<br abp="728" /> 2nd Brigade: Brigadier Pope; HM 9th Lancers, 1st and 6th BLC.<br abp="729" /><br abp="730" /><b> 1st Infantry Division: General Gilbert.</b><br abp="731" /> 1st Brigade: Brigadier Mountain; HM 29th Foot, 30th and 56th BNI.<br abp="732" /><b> 2nd Brigade: Brigadier Godby; 2nd European Light Infantry, <span style="color: red;">31st Bengal Native Infantry</span> and 70th Bengal Native Infantry.</b><br abp="733" /><br abp="734" /><b> 2nd Infantry Division: General Thackwell.</b><br abp="735" /> 1st Brigade: Brigadier Pennycuick; HM 24th Foot, 25th and 45th BNI.<br abp="736" /> 2nd Brigade: Brigadier Hoggan; HM 61st Foot, 6th and 36th BNI.<br abp="737" /> 3rd Brigade: Brigadier Penny; 15th, 20th and 69th BNI.<br abp="738" /><br abp="739" /> 6 horse batteries: Lane, Christie, Huish, Warner, Duncan and Fordyce.<br abp="740" /> 3 field batteries: Dawes, Kenleside and Austin.<br abp="741" /> 2 heavy batteries.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The website http://www.britishbattles.com/second-sikh-war/ramnagar.htm gives an interesting account of the <b>Battle of Ramnugur, </b>describing the conditions of the battle:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>Movement of large bodies of troops in scorching heat raised choking clouds of dust. As the fighting began, the dust clouds intermingled with dense volumes of musket and connon smoke. With the thunder of gunfire and horse hooves, the battle yells and cries of the injured, the battles of the Sikh Wars were indeed infernos.</i></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>The traditional weapon of the Sikh warrior is the Kirpan, a curved sword kept razor sharp. Horrific cutting wounds, severing limbs and heads, were a frightful feature of the Sikh Wars in which neither side gave quarter to the enemy.</i></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Battle of Ramnugur-</b> fought on 22 November 1848</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A detachment of 3,300 cavalry and 900 infantry of the Sikh army led by Sikh Singh, under British command, rebelled and began fortifying the crossings of the Chenab River. By November 1848, the British had assembled a large army on the frontier of the Punjab under the Commander-in-Chief General Sir Hugh Gough. In the early hours of the 22 November, Gough ordered an attack on the Sikhs who were hurrying to cross back across the Chenab. During the ensuing battle, General Cureton was shot and killed, and Lt Colonel Havelock was killed in the melee in the river. As Gough's aim was to drive the Sikhs back across the Cheban Rover, he was successful in achieving this, but at a high cost, losing two of his high ranked officers and 12 other officers, and one of their guns which was lost in the river.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Battle Statistics</b> (Wikipedia):</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Battle of Chillianwallah</b> (now part of Pakistan). The battle in January 1849 was one of the bloodiest fought by the British East India Company and a Sikh victory. After the disastrous 'Charge of the Light Brigade, Lord Lucan remarked "This is a most serious matter", to which General Airey replied, " it is nothing to Chillianwallah." The battle was a shock to British military prestige.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Battle of Gujarat</b> - this was a decisive battle in the Second Anglo-Sikh War, fought on 21 February 1849. The Sikh army was defeated by the British regular and Bengal Army forces of the British East India Company. After it capitulated a few days later, the Punjab was annexed to the East India's Companies territories and the child Maharaja Duleep Sigh was deposed.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>Three battle honours were awarded</b> to the <b>31st Bengal Native Infantry</b> during the 2nd Anglo-Sikh War including two at the battles of Chillianwallah and Gujarat.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>The Punjab Campaign Medal:</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">British and Indian soldiers who took part in the Second Sikh War received the silver medal entitled Punjab Campaign Medal 1848-9. Clasps were issued for the battles which were described as Moollan, Chillianwallah and Goojerat.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Description: </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Obverse: Victoria Regina</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Reverse: The Sikh army laying down its arms before Sir W R Gilbert and his troops near Rawal Pindi Inscription: To the Army of the Punjab" MDCCCXLIX</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">What became of Stephen's medal is unknown.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A recommended online book about the Second Sikh War (at Archive Books):</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">James Henry Lawrence-Archer, <i>Commentaries on the Punjab Campaign 1848-1849. Including some additions to the history of the Second Sikh War</i>, pub. London: WH Allen, 1878. </span><a href="https://archive.org/details/commentariesonpu00lawr" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">https://archive.org/details/commentariesonpu00lawr</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This book also gave some statistics of the numerical strength of the various corps engaged in the several actions during the Punjab Campaign (pages 133-135):</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">1. Ramnuggur- all ranks in the <strong>31st BNI: 949</strong> (taken from the Quarterly Return 1 Oct 1848)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">2. Sadoolapore- all ranks in the <strong>31st BNI: 756</strong></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">3. Chillianwallah- all ranks in the <strong>31st BNI: 983</strong> (Quarterly Return 1 Jan 1849)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">4. Goojerat- all ranks in the <strong>31st BNI: 804</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">(page 166-167) <strong>Return of killed and wounded and missing in the army of the Punjab in the action with the Sikh forces at Chillianwallah on 13 January 1849.</strong></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">The British forces consisted of: 1 Horse Artillery Brigade; 1 Foot Artillery Brigade; 2 Cavalry Division Brigades; and 7 Brigades in the 2nd Infantry Division</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>In the 2nd Infantry Division- 3rd Brigade:</strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";">31st Regiment of Native Infantry</span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"> killed- 1 havildar, 2 rank and file</span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"> wounded- 1 European officer, 2 havildars, 12 rank and file</span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">(havildar= non commissioned officer in the Indian army, equivalent rank to sergeant)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong>TOTAL killed and wounded in the 2nd Infantry Division, 3rd Brigade</strong>:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>killed-</b> 4 European officers, 7 native ditto, 24 sergeants or havildars, 1 drummer, 138 rank and file </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>wounded</b>- 26 European officers, 16 native ditto, 43 sergeants or havildars, 9 drummers, 725 rank and file</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>missing-</b> 2 havildars, 42 rank and file</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">When Stephen returned to Ireland from India is unknown, but probably in the early to mid 1850's. He must have returned before the Indian Rebellion in May-June 1857, following which, the East India Company's armies were disbanded and some were incorporated into the British army.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial";">The Latter Day Saints genealogical website, familysearch.org, has in its catalogue of microfilms, '<b><i>Bengal Army Service Lists</i></b>' which are copies of those held in the British Library., and can be ordered to view at LDS family history centres and some genealogical family history centres. They include:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>Bengal Service Army Lists, 1759-1858</b> on 22 microfilm reels, plus an <b>Index</b> (Film/DGS 1886143 Item 7). Volumes 1 to 12 cover 1770-1843, and the other 10 reels cover 1844 to 1858. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>Bengal Army Lists 1781-1849</b> on 7 microfilm reels. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><b>Army muster rolls and casualty returns 1716-1860</b>, India Office, on 39 microfilm reels. <b>Bengal army discharge papers 1820-1882</b> on 24 microfilm reels.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><b>EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA</b></span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Having married at Clonmel in July 1857, Stephen and Mary soon boarded a migrant ship, probably at Cork, heading to New South Wales. They are not on the Bounty lists and therefore were self-funded, and the name of the ship has not yet been discovered. As they were established in New South Wales by April 1858 when their child was born, and given that ships took between 3 to 5 months to sail to Australia, they left Ireland between August and December 1857.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">After arrival in New South Wales and settling on the Berry estate at Gerringong, NSW, the first of their eleven children was born. As daughter Mary was born nine months after their marriage, it would indicate that Mary was pregnant during the four to five month voyage from Ireland which must have been very uncomfortable for her.</span></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>unnamed photo in family album</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>possibly Mary Tobin nee Driscoll c. 1897</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The choice of Gerringong must have been made on the advice of Stephen's elder sister Catherine who had settled in Gerringong, on the Berry Estate, with her husband Timothy Guinea in 1848. Catherine must have communicated with Stephen, recommending this beautiful farming area and the opportunities available in this new country.</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial";"><strong><u>Issue of Stephen and Mary Driscoll</u></strong></span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscol had the following children:</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><span style="color: blue;">1. MARY TOBIN</span></strong> was born on 26 April 1858 in Gerringong, NSW.(NSW 8026/1958). She died on 23 Dec. 1938 in North Perth, W.A. (WA 23/1938). She married ALEXANDER McPHERSON DUNCAN 8 July 1900 W.A. (WA 527/1900); At her death, she was a widow. Buried with sister Alice at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. HA No. 0807 </span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">No issue.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">2. ELIZABETH (Lizzie) TOBIN</span></strong> was born in c.1860 (<em>Sydney</em> according to her marriage certificate; age calculated from death cert.). She died on 3 Aug. 1928 in Swan View, Perth, WA. (WA 68/1928). She married DR. KARL AUGUST EDWARD ROMMEIS in 1881 Qld. (QLD 1881/C691)- he died 3 Oct 1901.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">Both buried Karrakatta Cemetery Perth with mother Mary Tobin, Historical Section AA, No. 0368</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: red;">Issue-</span></strong> <strong>Christian Frederick</strong> b.1882 d.1943; <strong>Mary Dorothy</strong> b. 1884 d.infancy; <strong>Stephen Edward</strong> b.1886 d.1891; <strong>Eunice Elizabeth</strong> b.1887 d.1894; <strong>Dorothy Mary</strong> b.1889 d.? m. 1915 to R. Farrar; <strong>Joyce Alice</strong> b. 1890 d.1894; <strong>Monica/Mona</strong> b. 1892 d.1972 m. 1913 William L. Hoops; <strong>Edward</strong> b/d 1896; <strong>Edward Anslem</strong> b/d 1897.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">3. LOUISA TOBIN</span></strong> was born 20 Sept 1861 in Gerringong, NSW(NSW 8278/1861). She died 7 Aug. 1931 in Bundanoon NSW (NSW 13648/1931); unmarried.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">4. ELLEN VERONICA (Nellie) TOBIN</span></strong> was born in 1863 in Gerringong, NSW (NSW 8553/1863). She died 13 Aug. 1942 in Parkerville, W.A. (WA 107/1942). Married 10 Dec. 1883 WILLIAM PHILPOTT in Brisbane QLD (QLD 1883/B8616). He died 22 Aug 1925 aged 81. Buried together Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. DA No. 0530. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Frances Mary</strong> b.1884 d.1928; <strong>Noel William</strong> b. 1886 d?; <strong>Beryl Vyvyan</strong> b.1888 d.1911; <strong>Adrian Wylde</strong> b.1890 d.1918.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">5. KATHERINE MARY TOBIN</span></strong> was born 8 April 1865 in Gerringong, NSW (NSW 9690/1865). She died on 16 Aug.1901 in Waverley, Sydney, NSW (NSW 11806/1901). She married FERDINAND ADOLPH GEORGE POULSEN on 19 May 1886 in Brisbane QLD (QLD 1886/C959), son of Lars Poulsen and Charlotte Fredrikke Gudmundsen of Denmark. He was born 3 July 1860 in Copenhagen Denmark (Danish BDM Records online). He died 8 July 1932 in Sydney, NSW (NSW 13563/1932). </span><span style="font-family: "arial";">Buried in family grave at Waverley Cemetery- Graves No. 2281 and 2282.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Marjorie Vaughn</strong> b.1887, m. 1913 Arthur te Kloot; <strong>Eileen Beatrice</strong> b.1888, m.1924 William Spain; <strong>Theodore Sylvestor</strong> b.</span><span style="font-family: "arial";">1890 d.1965, m.1915 Maude Leydon; <strong>Myra Lillian</strong> b.1892 d.1949, m. 1916 Philip Nott; <strong>Raymond Horace</strong> b.1894, d 1922, unm.; <strong>Nellie </strong>b/d/1896</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">6. JOHN CONWAY TOBIN</span></strong> was born in 1866 Gerringong/Kiama, NSW (NSW 9637/1866). He died 10 June 1944 in Shenton Park WA (WA 1184/1944). He married 1906 ANNIE KIERSE (of Ballarat) in WA (WA 387/1906). Buried Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Sect. KC NO. 0123</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">No issue.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">7. ALICE GABRIELLE TOBIN</span></strong> was born 20 July 1868 in Gerringong NSW (NSW 10657/1868). She died on 29 Aug. 1952 in Mt Lawley WA (WA 2107/1952). She married 12 July 1897 GEORGE NEEDOM HYDE in WA (1082/1897), son of Thomas Hyde Esq. of 'Fairview' KIlkenny Ireland. George died in Bendigo 1957 aged 90. Alice buried Karrakatta Cemetery with sister Mary, Sect. HA No. 0807.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Brian</strong> b.1897; <strong>Patricia</strong> b.c.1910.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">8. STEPHEN WILLIAM TOBIN</span></strong> was born on 23 Dec. 1870 in Queensland (probably Nerang) (QLD 1871/B12063). He died in 1924 Sth Melbourne VIC (VIC 2681/1924). He married ANN MARY AUSTIN in 1911 Victoria (VIC 9603/1911). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">No known issue.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">9. CHARLES FREDERICK TOBIN</span></strong> was born 16 May 1873 in Tallebudgera Creek, Qld (QLD 1873/C1768). He died 9 January 1925 Darwin N.T. (<em>Northern Territory Times and Gazette</em>, 9 Jan 1925, p.4). He married MARY MANFORD (aka Grace Emily Mitchell- 1877-1956) on 6 Nov. 1907 at Coolgardie WA (WA 14/1907). Mary Tobin buried Karrakatta Cemetery Sect. ZN No. 0289.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: red;">Issue</span></strong>: <strong>John Eric</strong> b.1907 at Menzies WA., d. 1979 at Northam WA, married 1945; <strong>Frederick Charles Anthony</strong> b.1910 d.1995, m. 1943 Carola Aloyisa Folly (1910-1989). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";">(<em>NB. some Ancestry.com records have Charles married to Grace Emily Mitchell- </em></span><span style="font-family: "arial";"><em> all Electoral Rolls and newspaper articles name his wife as 'Mary'. However, John Eric's death record names his mother as 'Grace' and father as 'Jack', yet her burial at Karrakatta Cemetery names her as Mary, grantee: Frederick Charles Tobin.)</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">10. HERBERT PATRICK TOBIN</span></strong> was born 2 June 1875 at Tallebudgera Qld (QLD 1875/C1878). He died 17 July 1956 in Perth WA (WA 1829/1956). He married 21 Oct. 1899 EVA MADELINE MACFARLANE in WA (WA 1626/1899) She died 30 January 1933 . Buried together in family grave at Karrakatta Cemetery Perth, Historical Sect. AA, No. 0218A, with son Harold</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: red;">Issue</span>: <strong>Dorothy Louise</strong> b.1900 d. 4 November 1988; <strong>Alfred Herbert</strong> b.1901 d.16 May 1930; <strong>Harold Victor</strong> b.1906 d.28/10/1993 (burial Karrakatta Cemetery); <strong>Stephen William</strong> b.1913 d.22/9/1970 (aka <strong>Cedric William Tobin</strong>- see burial record of Stephen Wm at Karrakatta Cemetery); <strong>Lillian May Josephine</strong> d.?; <strong>Eva Jean</strong> d.?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial";"><strong><span style="color: blue;">11. LILY MARGARET TOBIN</span></strong> was born 25 May 1877 in Tallebudgera Qld (QLD 1877/C3136). She died 10 Nov. 1955 in Mossvale NSW (NSW 32624/1955). She was unmarried.</span><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><strong><u>Statutory Declaration made by Stephen Tobin</u></strong></span> <br />
(<em><span style="font-family: "arial";">QLD State Archives, N11667, dated 15/2/94)</span></em><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 120%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">© B A Butler<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="line-height: 120%;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Contact email: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">butler1802 @hotmail.com</span></b><span style="color: red;"> </span>(NB. With no spaces)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong></strong></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Link back to Introduction</strong>:</span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch1-introduction.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial";"></span></strong><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">State Archives QLD<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Irish Family History Foundation </span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.rootsireland.ie-/"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue;">www.rootsireland.ie-</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> Records for this area of southern Tipperary are held in the Diocese Waterford Lismore Parish Registers for RC Church (Parish Ardfinnan).<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sydney Morning Herald</i> Oct 26, 1904, p.6</span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> Glasnevin Cemetery Trust, No. W41078</span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">As stated on the birth record of Herbert Patrick QLD 1875/C1878<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Calculated from birth of 1<sup>st</sup> daughter Mary in April 1858 at Gerringong NSW.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Irish Family History Foundation, op.cit., (Parish Ballyporeen)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-small;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Age calculated from death certificate WA 68/1928 aged 68 yrs<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comClonmel, Co. Tipperary, Ireland52.3558172 -7.690255100000058552.317025699999995 -7.7709361000000587 52.3946087 -7.6095741000000583tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5818654621778161151.post-6847294858325554862013-03-09T19:46:00.000-08:002014-08-21T00:01:47.682-07:00Stephen Tobin- Ch:1- Introduction<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong><u>Australian Migrants Stephen and Mary Tobin</u></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My earliest ancestors to migrate to Australia were <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Stephen Tobin</b> and his wife <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mary Driscoll</b> who arrived from Ireland in late 1857 or early 1858, ship unknown.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Emigrant Ships in the 1850's</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>by T. Robertson 1859</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(La Trobe Picture Collection- S.L. of Victoria)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Stephen was a well-educated man with a strong community spirit and did not shy away from hard work. Historian and author of two books on the history of the area from the Nerang to the Tweed border, Robert Longhurst described Stephen Tobin as:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">a determined lobbyist, an articulate man who obviously had previous experience in rattling the bones of government. In a community where many settlers could not sign their names, Tobin early on assumed a commanding role</i>.”</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And,</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">An especially literate and forthright man, Stephen Tobin figured as a prominent community leader.</i>”</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A newspaper journalist for the <em>Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</em> described Stephen Tobin in 1868 as <em> "a gentleman whom I respect and honor as a respectable, honest, and straightforward, though occasionally a rather capricious and obdurate man." </em>[<u><span style="color: #0066cc;">iii]</span></u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Stephen's obituary revealed that "<i>in his time, he formed a large circle of friends, among whom were some of the leading politicians and rulers in Queensland. Sir Henry Norman, who when Governor of Queensland, showed a special mark of esteem to Mr Tobin in a letter written by his Excellency</i>." Stephen had previously served (in the rank of sergeant) in Sir Henry's regiment in India. <span style="font-size: x-small;">(Freeman's Journal, Sydney, Sat 5 Nov. 1904, p.29)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Stephen would be described in another obituary as "<i>intellectually and physically a splendid specimen of Irish manhood, and his tall, soldier-like figure, and his cheery voice will long be pleasantly remembered by the people of Bundanoon." </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>(<span style="font-size: x-small;">The Catholic Press, Sydney, Thurs 3 Nov 1904 p4)</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It is unknown why the Tobins left Ireland five years after the mass migration caused by the potato famine had ended, although Tipperary was one of those counties hit hard at the time of the famine with tens of thousands making the decision to emigrate. The Tobin’s decision may have been due to favourable reports of the opportunities available in this new colony of Australia coming from his two sisters who had migrated several years before him.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Although little is known about his former life in Ireland, numerous newspaper reports on Tobin’s activities in this fast developing colony of Australia help us formulate an accurate picture of the character of this man.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Typical hut in Tallebudgera 1870</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One can also imagine the life of his wife, and mother of his numerous offspring, as she endured the incredible hardships inflicted on all wives of pioneers who first turned the soil in newly opened up developments in the expanding colony.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the following chapters, this blog tells their story.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; line-height: 120%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Contact email: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">butler1802 @hotmail.com</span></b><span style="color: red;"> </span>(NB. With no spaces)<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong><u>Links to all other chapters in this blog:</u></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin and Driscoll family in Tipperary Ireland</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch2-tobins-in-tipperary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Gerringong, NSW, Australia in 1857</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family settle in Tallebudgera Queensland in 1870</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch3-settlement-in-Tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Life at Tallebudgera for the Tobin Family until 1892</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch5-life-at-tallebudgera.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Tobin family move back to NSW and Western Australia- deaths of Stephen and Mary</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch6-return-to-nsw.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Catherine Tobin- marriage to Timothy Guinea</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch7-sister-catherine-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Bushrangers in the family</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch8-bushrangers-in-family_15.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's sister Ellen Tobin- an Irish female orphan immigrant in 1850</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch9-sister-ellen-tobin.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Stephen Tobin's daughter Katherine Tobin- marriage to Adolph Poulsen</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch10-daughter-katherine.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Sons of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch11-sons-of-stephen-mary.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Daughters of Stephen Tobin and Mary Driscoll</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch12-daughters-of-stephen.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Irish Roots of Tobins, Driscolls, O'Briens, and Whites</strong></span><br />
<a href="http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html">http://tobinfamilyhistoryaus.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/stephen-tobin-ch13-irish-roots.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Robert Longhurst, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Nerang Shire: A History to 1949</i>, albert Shire Council 1994, p.62<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Robert Longhurst, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tallebudgera to the Tweed</i>, Gold Coast City Council 1996, p.40</span></span></span><br />
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><em>Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser</em>, Thurs 6 February 1868 p.2</span></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5818654621778161151#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">My thanks to Julie Tobin Davidenko, another descendant of Stephen Tobin whose extensive research she generously shared with me.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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BABhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04895724260965470240noreply@blogger.comClonmel, Co. Tipperary, Ireland52.3558172 -7.690255100000058552.317026199999994 -7.7709361000000587 52.3946082 -7.6095741000000583